An improved nail fold capillary cold excitation detection system

Abstract

The present invention provides an improved nail fold capillary cold excitation detection system, comprising a biological microscope, a water storage system, a temperature control system, a water supply system and a drainage system; wherein the water storage system is used to store an immersion liquid with a specific temperature; the temperature control system comprises a refrigeration constant temperature system and a heating constant temperature system; the water supply system is respectively connected to the water storage system and the temperature control system pipelines, and is used to inject the immersion liquid with a specific temperature into the water storage system; the drainage system is connected to the water storage system pipeline, and is used to discharge the immersion liquid; the present invention adopts a nail fold biological microscope with a waterproof lens combined with a specially designed water storage system, a temperature control system and an automated water supply and drainage system, to form an automated nail fold microcirculation cold excitation detection system with high stability, small size, portability, safety and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of medical detection instruments, and in particular to an improved nail fold capillary cold excitation detection system. Background Art

[0002] Glaucoma is a major cause of visual dysfunction worldwide. It is a group of diseases involving the optic nerve and related structures, which eventually lead to irreversible blindness. According to the latest Meta-analysis, the proportion of normal-tension glaucoma in primary open-angle glaucoma in China is as high as 70%. Studies have shown that microcirculation regulation dysfunction is an important pathogenic factor of this type of disease. With the development of clinical research and diagnosis and treatment, microcirculation regulation function has become the focus and development direction of glaucoma research.

[0003] Glaucoma patients have reduced vascular density in the optic disc, nail bed fold capillaries and other corresponding parts. The pathological development process of glaucoma in microcirculation can be explained from multiple aspects such as RNFL microcirculation and nail bed fold capillaries. Through deep convolutional neural network and optical coherence tomography angiography and other technologies, the changes in the corresponding parameters of microcirculation can be objectively explained, which is convenient for accurate prediction, diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma in clinical practice, thereby reducing the progressive visual impairment of glaucoma patients and improving the quality of life of patients. As a new entry point, microcirculation has certain clinical value for the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma.

[0004] The nail fold is a skin fold covering the base of the nail. Its epidermis is a stratified squamous epithelium, and under the epidermis is a dermal papilla formed by protrusions of connective tissue. Each papilla generally has a capillary that runs toward the epidermis and is equal to the epidermis when close to the epidermis. It is easy to see under a microscope. Therefore, the nail fold is a good place to observe microcirculation and is also the most commonly used site for clinical microcirculation examination.

[0005] However, there is currently a lack of non-invasive, in vivo, dynamic detection methods for primary vascular regulatory dysfunction in China. Foreign countries use a nail fold microscope combined with a dry ice refrigeration system to capture nail fold capillary blood flow videos after the nail fold microvessels are at rest, immersed in 40°C warm water for 3 minutes, and locally cooled with -18°C gas dry ice for 1 minute. The blood flow cessation time after cold stimulation is used to determine whether there is primary vascular regulatory dysfunction. Among them, the method of using dry ice gas to blow the nail fold area makes it difficult to control the local skin temperature and is greatly affected by the ambient temperature. The local skin temperature can only drop to about 20°C, making it difficult to meet cold stimulation conditions. In addition, the dry ice output system requires a special compressor, which has the disadvantages of large size, inconvenient dry ice storage and transportation, low safety, and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an improved nail fold capillary cold excitation detection system.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] An improved nail fold capillary cold stimulation detection system includes a biological microscope, a water storage system, a temperature control system, a water supply system and a drainage system; wherein,

[0009] The biological microscope is used to observe fingertip capillaries and record fingertip capillary blood flow videos;

[0010] The water storage system is used to store soaking liquid with a specific temperature and provide a soaking space for the fingertips;

[0011] The temperature control system includes a refrigeration constant temperature system and a heating constant temperature system, which provide a soaking liquid with a specific temperature for the detection system;

[0012] The water storage system and the temperature control system are respectively connected to the water supply system pipeline, and the water supply system is used to inject the soaking liquid with a specific temperature provided by the temperature control system into the water storage system;

[0013] The drainage system is connected to the water storage system pipeline, and the drainage system is used to discharge the soaking liquid in the water storage system.

[0014] Preferably, the magnification of the biological microscope is 100-300 times.

[0015] Preferably, the biological microscope further comprises a fine focusing screw and a coarse focusing screw.

[0016] Preferably, the water storage system is provided with a rubber inlet.

[0017] Preferably, a finger support is provided inside the water storage system.

[0018] Preferably, the immersion liquid temperature provided by the refrigeration constant temperature system is -5°C.

[0019] Preferably, the soaking liquid temperature provided by the heating constant temperature system is 40°C.

[0020] Preferably, a water stop clamp is provided on the connecting pipe between the drainage system and the water storage system.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes a support adjustment device, which includes a spherical rotating bracket connected to the biological microscope, a slider and a support rod, the slider is fixedly connected to the spherical rotating bracket through a connecting block, the support rod is provided with a slide rail, and the slider is slidably arranged on the slide rail.

[0022] The detection system also includes a workbench, the water storage system is placed on the workbench, and an independently movable pad is provided between the workbench and the water storage tank.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] (1) The present invention adopts a nail fold biological microscope with a waterproof lens combined with a specially designed water storage system, temperature control system and automated water supply and drainage system to form an automated nail fold microcirculation cold excitation detection system with high stability, small size, portability, safety and low cost.

[0025] (2) The present invention abandons the existing cold excitation method of dry ice gas blowing and does not require the use of dry ice, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the related equipment in the prior art, such as difficulty in storage, difficulty in transportation, and high cost.

[0026] (3) The detection system of the present invention has better temperature control and is less affected by ambient temperature. The accessories are compact and portable, and the combined temperature control system and water supply and drainage system are detachable and can be customized according to different experimental conditions, thus having a wider range of applications.

[0027] (4) The present invention adopts the fingertip immersion method, which has the advantages of less pain for patients during examination, non-invasiveness, and the ability to quickly capture blood flow cessation video compared to the whole hand immersion method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention is further described using the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. A person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on the following drawings without creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structural connection of the detection system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic top view of the detection device described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a front view of the detection device described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a front view of the water storage tank described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a right side view of the water storage tank described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic top view of the water reservoir described in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure numerals: 1-support rod; 2-slider; 3-fine focusing screw; 4-coarse focusing screw; 5-connecting block; 6-spherical rotating bracket; 7-biological microscope; 8-movable pad; 9-workbench; 10-drain pipe; 11-finger; 12-water reservoir; 13-elastic rubber; 14-inlet; 15-water inlet pipe; 16-water stop clamp; 17-finger support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is further described in conjunction with the following examples.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] See attached Figure 2-6 , an improved nail fold capillary cold excitation detection device, comprising a biological microscope 7, a water storage system, a temperature control system, a water supply system and a drainage system, wherein the biological microscope 7 is a high-resolution nail fold biological microscope with a magnification of 300 times and a waterproof lens, the water storage system is a cylindrical water reservoir 12 with a volume of about 130ml, a deformable elastic rubber 13 is arranged on the side wall of the water reservoir 12, the elastic rubber 13 has a large elasticity, so that it is leak-proof and not easy to oppress the finger 11, an insertion port 14 is opened on the elastic rubber 13, the insertion port 14 can be inserted into the front end 1.5cm of the finger, the periphery is sealed when inserted, and the liquid does not overflow, the water reservoir 12 is also provided with a finger support 17 for placing the fingertip, which is convenient for the finger 11 to adjust the position so that the detection skin surface is perpendicular to the biological microscope head, the water reservoir 12 is connected to the water supply system through a water inlet pipe 15 The water supply system is connected to the temperature control system pipeline, the temperature control system includes a refrigeration constant temperature system and a heating constant temperature system, the refrigeration constant temperature system can provide a soaking cold liquid with a specific temperature, in some embodiments, the temperature of the soaking cold liquid is -5°C, the heating constant temperature system can provide a soaking warm liquid with a specific temperature, in some embodiments, the temperature of the soaking cold liquid is 40°C, the water supply system can introduce the soaking cold liquid or soaking warm liquid provided by the temperature control system into the water reservoir 12, the water supply system can be a suction pump, the drainage system is connected to the water reservoir 12 through a drainage pipe 10, a water stop clamp 16 is provided on the drainage pipe 10, and the water stop clamp 16 can be provided to close the drainage pipe 10 to prevent the soaking liquid from flowing out, the drainage system can actively discharge the soaking liquid in the water reservoir 12, and the drainage system can be a suction pump;

[0039] In other embodiments, the detection device also includes a support and adjustment device, which includes a spherical rotating bracket 6 connected to the biological microscope, a slider 2, and a support rod 1. The spherical rotating bracket 6 can be rotated and fixed 360 degrees in all directions to adjust the inspection angle. The top is an adjustment and fixing knob. The spherical joint can rotate when opened and the joint is fixed when closed. The slider 2 is fixedly connected to the spherical rotating bracket 6 through a connecting block 5. A slide rail is provided on the support rod 1, and the slider 2 is slidably arranged on the slide rail. The slider 2 is also provided with a fine focusing screw 3 and a coarse focusing screw 4 for adjusting the focal length of the biological microscope 7. The slider 2 can slide up and down on the support rod, and the front surface has a screw hole for fixing the connecting block 5.

[0040] In other embodiments, the detection device further comprises a workbench 9, and a water reservoir is placed on the workbench 9;

[0041] In other embodiments, a movable pad 8 is further provided between the workbench 9 and the water reservoir 12. The movable pad 8 can be independently movable, and the lower surface thereof can slide easily with the workbench 9 to facilitate adjustment of the inspection position.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] An improved nail fold capillary cold stimulation detection method comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) A high-resolution nail fold biomicroscope with a magnification of 300 times was used to obtain a video of the microcirculatory blood flow dynamics of the patient after resting for 30 minutes. The detection site was the capillaries at the junction of the nail and skin of the ring finger of the non-dominant hand. Before the detection, 1 drop of almond oil was applied to the skin at the nail fold to make the epidermis transparent;

[0045] (2) The finger to be examined is inserted into the water reservoir through the elastic rubber inlet and placed on the finger rest. The water supply system is started, and the water supply system injects 100 ml of 40°C warm water prepared by the heating constant temperature system into the water reservoir. After the front end of the finger is immersed for 3 minutes, the drainage system is started to drain the warm water in the water reservoir, and the nail fold biomicroscope lens is lowered to record the capillary blood flow video after immersion in warm water;

[0046] (3) Start the water supply system, which will inject 100 ml of -5°C cold water prepared by the refrigeration and constant temperature system into the water reservoir (if there is no condition to configure a refrigeration and constant temperature system, ice salt water can be prepared to the corresponding temperature and then manually injected). After the front end of the finger is immersed in water for 1 minute, the drainage system is started to drain the cold water in the water reservoir, lower the nail fold biological microscope lens, and record the capillary blood flow video after cold water immersion;

[0047] (4) Read the results and generate a report.

[0048] Currently, a total of 238 specimens (primary open-angle glaucoma) have been tested using this detection method, and the positive rate of the cold stimulation test is about 36%.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An improved nail fold capillary cold excitation detection system, characterized in that: It includes biological microscope, water storage system, temperature control system, water supply system and drainage system; among them, The biological microscope comprises a fine focusing screw and a coarse focusing screw, which are used to observe the capillaries at the fingertips and record the blood flow video of the capillaries at the fingertips; The water storage system is used to store soaking liquid with a specific temperature and provide a soaking space for the fingertips; The temperature control system includes a refrigeration constant temperature system and a heating constant temperature system, which provide a soaking liquid with a specific temperature for the detection system; The water storage system and the temperature control system are respectively connected to the water supply system pipeline, and the water supply system is used to inject the soaking liquid with a specific temperature provided by the temperature control system into the water storage system; The drainage system is connected to the water storage system pipeline, and a water stop clamp is provided on the connecting pipeline between the drainage system and the water storage system. The drainage system is used to discharge the soaking liquid in the water storage system.

2. The improved nail fold capillary cold excitation detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnification of the biological microscope is 100-300 times.

3. The improved nail fold capillary cold excitation detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage system is provided with a rubber extension port.

4. The improved nail fold capillary cold excitation detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A finger support is arranged inside the water storage system.

5. The improved nail fold capillary cold excitation detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The immersion liquid temperature provided by the refrigeration constant temperature system is -5°C.

6. The improved nail fold capillary cold excitation detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the soaking liquid provided by the heating constant temperature system is 40°C.

7. The improved nail fold capillary cold excitation detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection system also includes a support and adjustment device, which includes a spherical rotating bracket connected to the biological microscope, a slider, and a support rod. The slider is fixedly connected to the spherical rotating bracket through a connecting block, and a slide rail is provided on the support rod, and the slider is slidably arranged on the slide rail.

8. The improved nail fold capillary cold excitation detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection system also includes a workbench, the water storage system is placed on the workbench, and an independently movable pad is provided between the workbench and the water storage system.

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