Fuel cell vehicle drainage and heating system

Abstract

The present invention provides a drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle, the drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle comprises a battery stack, a first pipeline, a liquid collecting pot, a drainage component and a heating component, the liquid collecting pot comprises a shell, a first water inlet, a second water inlet, a first water outlet and a second water outlet, a drainage port is provided on the battery stack, the drainage port of the battery stack is connected to the first water inlet of the liquid collecting pot through the first pipeline, the first water outlet and the second water inlet of the liquid collecting pot are respectively connected to the heating component, and the second water outlet of the liquid collecting pot is connected to the drainage component. The advantages of the drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle are: the energy utilization rate of the fuel cell system is improved, and the power consumption of the heating system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a drainage and heating system, and in particular to a drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device that converts the chemical energy generated by the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. It has the advantages of high power generation efficiency and low environmental pollution, so it is widely used in the automotive field. Since fuel cells produce water and heat due to the hydrogen-oxygen reaction during operation, fuel cell vehicles need to discharge this hot water from the stack. At the same time, in order to adapt to use in cold areas, the passenger compartment of fuel cell vehicles also needs to have a heating system.

[0003] The whole vehicle drainage and heating system of the fuel cell vehicle includes the drainage system of the fuel cell and the heating system of the passenger compartment. The existing fuel cell drainage system is completely independent of the passenger compartment heating system. The air in the passenger compartment is absorbed from the outside by the blower in the air-conditioning box and enters the passenger compartment through the air filter. The hot water generated when the stack is running is directly discharged. If there is a need for heating in the passenger compartment in winter, the passenger compartment heating system needs to be equipped with an additional heating unit to heat the incoming air to achieve the purpose of heating. The existing technology does not make full use of the heat in the tail water of the fuel cell, and simply relies on the heating unit for heating, which increases the energy consumption of the whole vehicle.

[0004] In summary, there is a need to provide a drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle, which is used to overcome the defects of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a novel fuel cell vehicle drainage and heating system to overcome the defects of the prior art. The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following scheme.

[0006] One embodiment of the present invention provides a drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle, wherein the drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle includes a battery stack, a first pipeline, a liquid collecting pot, a drainage component and a heating component, the liquid collecting pot includes a shell, a first water inlet, a second water inlet, a first water outlet and a second water outlet, a drainage outlet is provided on the battery stack, the drainage outlet of the battery stack is connected to the first water inlet of the liquid collecting pot through the first pipeline, the first water outlet and the second water inlet of the liquid collecting pot are respectively connected to the heating component, and the second water outlet of the liquid collecting pot is connected to the drainage component.

[0007] According to the drainage and heating system for fuel cell vehicles provided by one of the above embodiments of the present invention, the liquid collecting pot also includes a partition and a liquid filling port, the liquid filling port is arranged at the top of the liquid collecting pot, the two sides of the partition in the liquid collecting pot and the shell constitute the first cavity and the second cavity respectively, the top of the partition in the liquid collecting pot and the shell constitute the third cavity, the third cavity connects the first cavity and the second cavity, the first water inlet and the first water outlet are connected to the first cavity, the first water inlet is located at the upper part of the shell of the first cavity, the first water outlet is located at the bottom of the shell of the first cavity, the second water inlet and the second water outlet are connected to the second cavity, the second water inlet is located at the upper part of the shell of the second cavity, and the second water outlet is located at the lower part of the shell of the second cavity.

[0008] According to the drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle provided by one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid collecting pot further includes a liquid level sensor and a water temperature sensor, the liquid level sensor is arranged in the first cavity, and the water temperature sensor is arranged on the first water outlet.

[0009] According to the drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle provided by one embodiment of the present invention, the heating component includes a three-way pipe, a liquid pump, a second pipe, a heater, a third pipe, a heating unit, a fourth pipe, a three-way valve and a fifth pipe, the first end of the three-way pipe is connected to the first water outlet of the liquid collecting pot, the second end of the three-way pipe is connected to the liquid pump, the third end of the three-way pipe is connected to the first end of the three-way valve, the liquid pump is connected to the heater through the second pipe, the heater is connected to the heating unit through the third pipe, the heating unit is connected to the second end of the three-way valve through the fourth pipe, and the third end of the three-way valve is connected to the second water inlet of the liquid collecting pot through the fifth pipe.

[0010] According to the drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle provided by one embodiment of the present invention, the heating unit includes a core and a fan, and the two ends of the core are respectively connected to the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline, and are installed on the side of the heating unit facing the vehicle cabin.

[0011] According to the drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle provided by one of the above embodiments of the present invention, the drainage component includes a sixth pipeline, a drainage valve and a seventh pipeline, one end of the drainage valve is connected to the second water outlet of the liquid collection pot through the sixth pipeline, and the other end of the drainage valve is connected to the seventh pipeline.

[0012] According to the drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle provided by one of the above embodiments of the present invention, when the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level in the first cavity is lower than a preset threshold value, the first end and the second end of the three-way valve are opened, the third end of the three-way valve is closed, the drainage valve is closed, and the liquid pump draws the liquid in the first cavity of the liquid collecting pot from the first water outlet, and the liquid enters the heater through the three-way pipeline, the liquid pump and the second pipeline. After the heater heats the liquid, the liquid enters the heating unit through the third pipeline. The fan of the heating unit sends hot air into the vehicle cabin and cools the liquid. The liquid leaves the heating unit and circulates back to the liquid pump through the fourth pipeline, the three-way valve and the three-way pipeline.

[0013] According to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, a drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle is provided, wherein when the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level in the first cavity is higher than or equal to a preset threshold value, the second end and the third end of the three-way valve are opened, the first end of the three-way valve is closed, and the drainage valve is opened. Liquid generated by the operation of the fuel cell stack enters the first cavity of the liquid collecting pot through the first pipeline, and the liquid pump draws the liquid in the first cavity of the liquid collecting pot from the first water outlet. The liquid enters the heater through the three-way pipeline, the liquid pump and the second pipeline. After the heater heats the liquid, the liquid enters the heating unit through the third pipeline. The fan of the heating unit sends hot air into the vehicle cabin and cools the liquid. The liquid leaves the heating unit and enters the second cavity of the liquid collecting pot through the fourth pipeline, the three-way valve and the fifth pipeline. The liquid is discharged from the drainage and heating system for the fuel cell vehicle from the second water outlet and the drainage assembly.

[0014] The advantages of the fuel cell vehicle drainage and heating system of the present invention are: it fully utilizes the water and heat generated by the fuel cell vehicle stack during operation, reduces the power consumption of the heating system, improves the system energy utilization rate, and reduces the vehicle's use cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The disclosure of the present invention will become easier to understand with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that these drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing a drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0017] Figure 2 It shows that Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a liquid collecting pot of a drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Figure 1-2The following description describes the optional embodiments of the present invention to teach those skilled in the art how to implement and reproduce the present invention. In order to teach the technical solution of the present invention, some conventional aspects have been simplified or omitted. Those skilled in the art will understand that variations or replacements derived from these embodiments will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that the following features are used to combine in various ways to form multiple variations of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the following optional embodiments, but is only limited by the claims and their equivalents.

[0019] like Figure 1-2 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle comprises a fuel cell stack 1, a first pipeline 2, a liquid collecting pot 3, a drainage component 4 and a heating component 5. The liquid collecting pot 3 comprises a shell 31, a first water inlet 32, a second water inlet 34, a first water outlet 33 and a second water outlet 35. A drainage port is provided on the fuel cell stack 1. The drainage port of the fuel cell stack 1 is connected to the first water inlet 32 ​​of the liquid collecting pot 3 through the first pipeline 2. The first water outlet 33 and the second water inlet 34 of the liquid collecting pot 3 are respectively connected to the heating component 5. The second water outlet 35 of the liquid collecting pot 3 is connected to the drainage component 4.

[0020] According to the drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle provided by one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid collecting pot 3 also includes a partition 36 and a liquid filling port 37, the liquid filling port 37 is arranged at the top of the liquid collecting pot 3, the two sides of the partition 36 in the liquid collecting pot and the shell 31 respectively constitute the first cavity 3a and the second cavity 3b, the upper part of the partition 36 in the liquid collecting pot 3 and the shell 31 constitute the third cavity 3c, the third cavity 3c connects the first cavity 3a and the second cavity 3b, the first water inlet 32 ​​and the first water outlet 33 are connected to the first cavity 3, the first water inlet 32 ​​is located at the upper part of the shell 31 of the first cavity 3, the first water outlet 33 is located at the bottom of the shell 31 of the first cavity 3, the second water inlet 34 and the second water outlet 35 are connected to the second cavity 3b, the second water inlet 34 is located at the upper part of the shell 31 of the second cavity 3b, and the second water outlet 35 is located at the lower part of the shell 31 of the second cavity 3b. The liquid filling port 37 is used to add water to the liquid collecting pot 3, and the partition 36 can separate the liquid dissipated by the heating component 5 and the hot water discharged from the battery stack 1, so as to improve the energy utilization rate.

[0021] According to the drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle provided by one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid collecting pot 3 further includes a liquid level sensor 38 and a water temperature sensor 39, wherein the liquid level sensor 38 is arranged in the first cavity 3, and the water temperature sensor 39 is arranged on the first water outlet 33. The liquid level sensor 38 is used to measure the amount of water in the first cavity 3; the water temperature sensor 39 is used to detect the temperature of the liquid entering the heating component 5.

[0022] According to the drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle provided by the above-mentioned one embodiment of the present invention, the heating component 5 includes a three-way pipeline 51, a liquid pump 52, a second pipeline 53, a heater 54, a third pipeline 55, a heating unit 56, a fourth pipeline 57, a three-way valve 58 and a fifth pipeline 59, the first end of the three-way pipeline 51 is connected to the first water outlet 33 of the liquid collecting pot 3, the second end of the three-way pipeline 51 is connected to the liquid pump 52, the third end of the three-way pipeline 51 is connected to the first end 581 of the three-way valve 58, the liquid pump 52 is connected to the heater 54 through the second pipeline 53, the heater 54 is connected to the heating unit 56 through the third pipeline 55, the heating unit 56 is connected to the second end 582 of the three-way valve 58 through the fourth pipeline 57, and the third end 583 of the three-way valve 58 is connected to the second water inlet 34 of the liquid collecting pot 3 through the fifth pipeline 59. The heater 54 can adjust its working power according to the temperature detected by the water temperature sensor 39. The heater 54 reduces the working power when the water temperature at the first water outlet 33 is high, and increases the working power when the water temperature at the first water outlet 33 is low.

[0023] According to the drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle provided by one embodiment of the present invention, the heating unit 56 includes a core 561 and a fan 562, and the two ends of the core 561 are respectively connected to the third pipeline 55 and the fourth pipeline 57, which are installed on the side of the heating unit 56 facing the vehicle cabin.

[0024] According to the drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle provided by one of the above embodiments of the present invention, the drainage component 4 includes a sixth pipeline 41, a drainage valve 42 and a seventh pipeline 43, one end of the drainage valve 42 is connected to the second water outlet 35 of the liquid collecting pot 3 through the sixth pipeline 41, and the other end of the drainage valve 42 is connected to the seventh pipeline 43.

[0025] According to the drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle provided by the above-mentioned one embodiment of the present invention, when the liquid level sensor 38 detects that the liquid level in the first cavity 3 is lower than a preset threshold value, the first end 581 and the second end of the three-way valve 58 are opened, the third end 583 of the three-way valve 58 is closed, the drainage valve 42 is closed, and the liquid pump 52 extracts the liquid in the first cavity 3 of the liquid collecting pot 3 from the first water outlet 33, and the liquid enters the heater 54 through the three-way pipeline 51, the liquid pump 52 and the second pipeline 53. After the heater 54 heats the liquid, the liquid enters the heating unit 56 through the third pipeline 55. The fan 562 of the heating unit 56 sends hot air into the vehicle cabin and cools the liquid. The liquid leaves the heating unit 56 and circulates back to the liquid pump 52 through the fourth pipeline 57, the three-way valve 58 and the three-way pipeline 51.

[0026] According to the drainage and heating system for fuel cell vehicles provided by the above-mentioned one embodiment of the present invention, when the liquid level sensor 38 detects that the liquid level in the first cavity 3 is higher than or equal to a preset threshold value, the second end 582 and the third end 583 of the three-way valve 58 are opened, the first end 581 of the three-way valve 58 is closed, and the drainage valve 42 is opened. The liquid generated by the operation of the fuel cell stack 1 enters the first cavity 3 of the liquid collecting pot 3 through the first pipeline 2, and the liquid pump 52 extracts the liquid in the first cavity 3 of the liquid collecting pot 3 from the first water outlet 33. The liquid enters the heater 54 through the three-way pipeline 51, the liquid pump 52 and the second pipeline 53. After the heater 54 heats the liquid, the liquid enters the heating unit 56 through the third pipeline 55. The fan 562 of the heating unit 56 sends hot air into the vehicle cabin and cools the liquid. The liquid leaves the heating unit 56 and enters the second cavity 3b of the liquid collecting pot 3 through the fourth pipeline 57, the three-way valve 58 and the fifth pipeline 59. The liquid is discharged from the second water outlet 35 and the drainage assembly 4.

[0027] The advantages of the fuel cell vehicle drainage and heating system of the present invention are: it fully utilizes the water and heat generated by the fuel cell vehicle stack during operation, reduces the power consumption of the heating system, improves the system energy utilization rate, and reduces the vehicle's use cost.

[0028] It should be appreciated that although the foregoing description has been made by way of example of the present invention, such and other modifications and changes to the present invention that will be apparent to those skilled in the art should be considered to fall within the broad scope of the present invention as set forth herein. Therefore, although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended that the novel device be limited thereby, but rather that it is intended to include various modifications and equivalent modifications within the broad scope of the above disclosure and claims.

Claims

1. A drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that: The drainage and heating system for a fuel cell vehicle comprises a battery stack, a first pipeline, a liquid collecting pot, a drainage component and a heating component. The liquid collecting pot comprises a shell, a first water inlet, a second water inlet, a first water outlet and a second water outlet. A drainage port is provided on the battery stack. The drainage port of the battery stack is connected to the first water inlet of the liquid collecting pot through the first pipeline. The first water outlet and the second water inlet of the liquid collecting pot are respectively connected to the heating component. The second water outlet of the liquid collecting pot is connected to the drainage component. The heating component comprises a three-way pipeline, a liquid pump, a second pipeline, a heater, a third pipeline, a warm air unit, a fourth pipeline, a three-way valve and a fifth pipeline, wherein the first end of the three-way pipeline is connected to the first water outlet of the liquid collecting pot, the second end of the three-way pipeline is connected to the liquid pump, the third end of the three-way pipeline is connected to the first end of the three-way valve, the liquid pump is connected to the heater through the second pipeline, the heater is connected to the warm air unit through the third pipeline, the warm air unit is connected to the second end of the three-way valve through the fourth pipeline, and the third end of the three-way valve is connected to the second water inlet of the liquid collecting pot through the fifth pipeline; The liquid collecting pot further comprises a partition and a liquid adding port, wherein the liquid adding port is arranged at the top of the liquid collecting pot, the two sides of the partition in the liquid collecting pot and the shell respectively constitute a first cavity and a second cavity, the upper part of the partition in the liquid collecting pot and the shell constitute a third cavity, the third cavity is connected with the first cavity and the second cavity, the first water inlet and the first water outlet are connected with the first cavity, the first water inlet is located at the upper part of the shell of the first cavity, the first water outlet is located at the bottom of the shell of the first cavity, the second water inlet and the second water outlet are connected with the second cavity, the second water inlet is located at the upper part of the shell of the second cavity, and the second water outlet is located at the lower part of the shell of the second cavity; The liquid collecting pot also includes a liquid level sensor and a water temperature sensor. The liquid level sensor is arranged in the first cavity, and the water temperature sensor is arranged on the first water outlet.

2. The fuel cell vehicle drainage and heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating unit comprises a core and a fan. Two ends of the core are respectively connected to a third pipeline and a fourth pipeline and are installed on a side of the heating unit facing the vehicle cabin.

3. The fuel cell vehicle drainage and heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage assembly includes a sixth pipeline, a drainage valve and a seventh pipeline. One end of the drainage valve is connected to the second water outlet of the liquid collecting pot through the sixth pipeline, and the other end of the drainage valve is connected to the seventh pipeline.

4. The fuel cell vehicle drainage and heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level in the first cavity is lower than a preset threshold, the first and second ends of the three-way valve are opened, the third end of the three-way valve is closed, the drain valve is closed, and the liquid pump draws the liquid in the first cavity of the liquid collecting pot from the first water outlet, and the liquid enters the heater through the three-way pipeline, the liquid pump and the second pipeline. After the heater heats the liquid, the liquid enters the warm air unit through the third pipeline. The fan of the warm air unit sends hot air into the vehicle cabin and cools the liquid. The liquid leaves the warm air unit and circulates back to the liquid pump through the fourth pipeline, the three-way valve and the three-way pipeline.

5. The fuel cell vehicle drainage and heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level in the first cavity is higher than or equal to a preset threshold, the second and third ends of the three-way valve are opened, the first end of the three-way valve is closed, and the drain valve is opened. Liquid generated by the operation of the fuel cell stack enters the first cavity of the liquid collecting pot through the first pipeline. The liquid pump draws the liquid in the first cavity of the liquid collecting pot from the first water outlet. The liquid enters the heater through the three-way pipeline, the liquid pump and the second pipeline. After the heater heats the liquid, the liquid enters the warm air unit through the third pipeline. The fan of the warm air unit sends hot air into the vehicle cabin and cools the liquid. The liquid leaves the warm air unit and enters the second cavity of the liquid collecting pot through the fourth pipeline, the three-way valve and the fifth pipeline. The liquid is discharged from the fuel cell vehicle drainage and warm air system from the second water outlet and the drain assembly.

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