An experimental flume and experimental method for studying the movement characteristics of fluid mud

Abstract

An experimental flume and experimental method for studying the movement characteristics of fluid mud, including an experimental flume. The experimental flume is provided with a sludge discharge groove protruding downward at the bottom on one side. The bottom of the sludge discharge groove is a sludge discharge inclined plane that slopes downward. A sludge discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the sludge discharge inclined plane, and a water inlet valve is arranged at the experimental flume wall near the sludge discharge groove. An inner fluid mud experimental tank assembly is arranged inside the experimental flume. One end of the inner fluid mud experimental tank assembly is pulled and lifted by a lifting assembly arranged outside the experimental flume, and the inner fluid mud experimental tank assembly is adjusted to incline at a gradient in the experimental flume. The fluid mud in the inner fluid mud experimental tank assembly inclines and moves accordingly, and the movement characteristics of the fluid mud are collected and analyzed. The structure of the present invention is simple and convenient to use, can quickly carry out experiments on the influence of factors such as fluid mud density, thickness, and the slope of the lower interface on its movement characteristics, and has high experimental efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of experimental equipment, and more specifically, to an experimental flume and an experimental method for studying the movement characteristics of fluid mud in the field of sediment research. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the accelerating pace of urban expansion, it is often necessary to develop coastal and estuarine areas adjacent to water. During the development process, fluid mud is often encountered. The so-called fluid mud refers to a high-sediment-content suspension with a very small unit weight and certain fluidity in the initial stage of sedimentation after the sediment carried by the water flow is deposited in estuaries and coastal areas. The process of compaction of fine silt is very slow. Fluid mud is a unique sediment phenomenon in coastal areas and muddy estuaries. The problem of fluid mud is often not only related to the quality of engineering development, but sometimes even determines whether the area can be developed and utilized.

[0003] Due to the different material compositions and surrounding environments of fluid mud in each place, its movement characteristics often vary greatly. Therefore, when solving specific problems of fluid mud, attention is often paid to the influence laws of factors such as fluid mud density, fluid mud thickness, and the slope of the lower interface on the movement characteristics of fluid mud. The most reliable way to carry out research on these problems is to conduct relevant experiments.

[0004] Under the existing technology, conducting experiments on the movement characteristics of fluid mud indoors has always been a difficult problem. The key problem lies in the lack of simple and practical equipment, and various factors such as the complex composition of fluid mud and different surrounding environments have a great influence. Therefore, experiments on the movement characteristics of fluid mud under the existing technology often need to be carried out separately on different equipment, and the low experimental efficiency can be imagined. How to solve this problem has always attracted the attention of the majority of water conservancy researchers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an experimental flume and an experimental method for studying the movement characteristics of fluid mud, which can conveniently and quickly carry out experiments on the influence of factors such as fluid mud density, thickness, and the slope of the lower interface on its movement characteristics, and is easy to operate with high experimental efficiency.

[0006] The experimental flume and experimental method for studying the movement characteristics of fluid mud of the present invention are specifically described as follows:

[0007] An experimental flume for studying the movement characteristics of fluid mud, including an experimental flume, characterized in that:

[0008] A sludge discharge groove protruding downward is provided at the bottom of one side of the experimental flume. The bottom of the sludge discharge groove is a sludge discharge inclined surface that slopes downward. A sludge discharge valve is provided at the bottom of the sludge discharge inclined surface, and a water inlet valve is provided on the flume wall of the experimental flume near the sludge discharge groove;

[0009] The described experimental water tank is internally provided with a floating sludge experimental inner tank assembly. One end of the floating sludge experimental inner tank assembly is pulled and lifted by a lifting assembly arranged outside the experimental water tank, so as to adjust the slope of the floating sludge experimental inner tank assembly in the experimental water tank to be inclined. The floating sludge in the floating sludge experimental inner tank assembly will then tilt and move, and the movement characteristics of the floating sludge are collected and analyzed.

[0010] The experimental water tank is fixed and needs to withstand water pressure, so it is made of transparent and relatively thick plexiglass. While the floating sludge experimental inner tank assembly is movable and withstands relatively low water pressure, so it is made of transparent and relatively thin plexiglass.

[0011] An experimental water tank for studying the movement characteristics of floating sludge according to the present invention is characterized in that the floating sludge experimental inner tank assembly includes an experimental inner tank, a foldable transparent hose, a mud inlet valve, a floating sludge blocking plate, a horizontal rotating shaft and a traction shaft. Among them, the experimental inner tank is horizontally arranged inside the experimental water tank. One side of the experimental inner tank is closed and the other side is open. A downwardly protruding underwater sludge storage tank is opened at the bottom of the experimental inner tank near the closed side. The bottom of the underwater sludge storage tank is communicated with the mud inlet valve arranged at the tank wall of the experimental water tank through a transparent hose. The floating sludge blocking plate is vertically arranged in the experimental inner tank to isolate the underwater sludge storage tank from the other tank inner spaces of the experimental inner tank. The horizontal rotating shaft is arranged at the bottom of the open side of the experimental inner tank and is fixedly connected with the experimental water tank. The traction shaft is arranged at the top of the closed side of the experimental inner tank. The traction shaft is connected with the lifting assembly and is pulled and lifted by it. That is, when the experimental inner tank is pulled and lifted by the lifting assembly, the experimental inner tank changes from a horizontal state to an inclined state in the experimental water tank with the horizontal rotating shaft as the center.

[0012] An experimental water tank for studying the movement characteristics of floating sludge according to the present invention is characterized in that drainage holes are opened in the upper part of the plate body of the floating sludge blocking plate.

[0013] The purpose of setting the drainage holes is to keep the water levels on both sides of the floating sludge blocking plate consistent when adjusting the slope of the experimental inner tank.

[0014] An experimental water tank for studying the movement characteristics of floating sludge according to the present invention is characterized in that a limit sealing cover is installed on the outer groove shaft hole of the horizontal rotating shaft.

[0015] On the one hand, the limit sealing cover restricts the axial movement of the rotating shaft, and on the other hand, it prevents the water in the tank from leaking out through the shaft hole.

[0016] An experimental water tank for studying the movement characteristics of floating sludge according to the present invention is characterized in that when the experimental inner tank is arranged inside the experimental water tank, the bottom of the experimental inner tank is 15 - 25 cm higher than the bottom of the experimental water tank.

[0017] The purpose here is to reserve installation space for the transparent hose and the mud inlet valve.

[0018] An experimental flume for studying the movement characteristics of floating sludge according to the present invention is characterized in that when the experimental inner tank is arranged inside the experimental flume, the side where the traction shaft is arranged is 20-30 cm away from the tank wall of the experimental flume, and the other side of the experimental inner tank is located above the sludge discharge tank.

[0019] The purpose here is to reserve space for traction and lifting on one side of the experimental inner tank to prevent the experimental inner tank from rubbing against the tank wall of the experimental flume. The other side of the experimental inner tank only needs to be located above the sludge discharge tank, and the floating sludge can pour into the sludge discharge tank when it is tilted.

[0020] An experimental flume for studying the movement characteristics of floating sludge according to the present invention is characterized in that the lifting assembly includes a lifting frame, a lifting motor and a traction cable. Among them, the lifting frame is arranged outside the experimental flume, the height of the lifting frame is adjustable, a lifting motor is arranged on the lifting frame, and the lifting motor is connected to the traction shaft of the floating sludge experimental inner tank assembly through the traction cable to traction and lift the experimental inner tank.

[0021] An experimental method for the movement characteristics of floating sludge, based on the above-mentioned experimental flume for studying the movement characteristics of floating sludge, the specific steps are as follows:

[0022] 1) Inject clean water:

[0023] Close the mud inlet valve and the mud discharge valve, and inject clean water into the experimental flume through the water inlet valve. After reaching the predetermined water level, close the water inlet valve;

[0024] 2) Adjust the slope of the experimental inner tank:

[0025] By adjusting the height of the lifting frame and starting the lifting motor to drive the traction cable to traction and lift the experimental inner tank to rotate around the horizontal rotating shaft, thereby changing the initial bottom slope of the experimental inner tank. This initial bottom slope is the lower interface slope of the floating sludge movement. After adjustment, fix the lifting frame;

[0026] 3) Add floating sludge:

[0027] First insert the floating sludge blocking plate of the experimental inner tank to isolate the underwater mud storage tank from the other tank spaces of the experimental inner tank. Then open the mud inlet valve, and pour the experimental floating sludge into the underwater mud storage tank through the mud inlet valve and the transparent hose. During the pouring process, the clean water in the experimental inner tank space at the underwater mud storage tank will be discharged out through the drainage holes opened in the upper part of the floating sludge blocking plate body, always keeping the water levels on both sides of the floating sludge blocking plate the same, and the floating sludge in the underwater mud storage tank gradually increases and overflows into the experimental inner tank. After the amount of floating sludge added reaches the expected target, close the mud inlet valve;

[0028] 4) Experimental study on the movement characteristics of floating sludge:

[0029] Quickly pull out the floating mud blocking plug. Since the experimental inner tank is in an inclined state, the floating mud originally blocked by the floating mud blocking plug will flow out due to gravity, and move along the bottom of the experimental inner tank to the lower part, that is, the opening of the experimental inner tank until it falls into the mud discharge tank. The floating mud movement process can be collected and analyzed by video to conduct floating mud movement characteristic experiments;

[0030] 5) Floating mud collection:

[0031] After the experiment, since the density of floating mud is greater than that of water and the mud discharge trough has a mud discharge slope, the floating mud will quickly gather at the bottom of the mud discharge slope. At this time, the floating mud can be easily and quickly collected by opening the mud discharge valve.

[0032] 6) Maintenance after the experiment:

[0033] Close the mud discharge valve, then open the mud inlet valve and the water inlet valve to inject clean water to clean the transparent hose, underwater mud storage tank, experimental inner tank and experimental water tank. After cleaning, close the mud inlet valve and the water inlet valve, and then open the mud discharge valve to discharge the sewage. This step can be repeated many times until the tank is cleaned and the water is emptied.

[0034] The following beneficial effects are obtained by using an experimental water tank and an experimental method for studying the movement characteristics of floating mud according to the present invention:

[0035] 1. The experimental water tank and experimental method for studying the movement characteristics of floating mud of the present invention are simple in structure and easy to use, and can quickly carry out experiments on the influence of factors such as floating mud density, thickness and lower interface slope on its movement characteristics;

[0036] 2. The experimental water tank and experimental method for studying the movement characteristics of floating mud of the present invention can change the movement phenomenon of the floating mud at the bottom of the inner tank by changing the slope of the inner tank and the density and amount of the floating mud added during the experiment, thereby realizing the study of the influence of various factors of the floating mud on its movement characteristics, and the experimental efficiency is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of an experimental water tank and an experimental method for studying the movement characteristics of floating mud according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the tilted state of an experimental inner tank of an experimental water tank and an experimental method for studying the movement characteristics of floating mud.

[0039] In the figure: 1 - experimental water tank, 1a - sludge discharge tank, 1a1 - sludge discharge inclined plane, 1a2 - sludge discharge valve, 1b - water inlet valve, A - floating sludge experimental inner tank assembly, A1 - experimental inner tank, A1a - underwater sludge storage tank, A2 - transparent hose, A3 - sludge inlet valve, A4 - floating sludge blocking plate, A5 - horizontal rotating shaft, A5a - limit sealing cover, A6 - traction shaft, B - lifting assembly, B1 - lifting frame, B2 - lifting motor, B3 - traction cable. Detailed implementation mode

[0040] The following further describes an experimental water tank and an experimental method for studying the movement characteristics of floating sludge of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] Embodiment

[0042] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, an experimental water tank for studying the movement characteristics of floating sludge includes an experimental water tank 1. A sludge discharge tank 1a protruding downward is provided at the bottom of one side of the experimental water tank. The bottom of the sludge discharge tank is a downward-sloping sludge discharge inclined plane 1a1. A sludge discharge valve 1a2 is provided at the bottom of the sludge discharge inclined plane. A water inlet valve 1b is provided on the tank wall of the experimental water tank near the sludge discharge tank.

[0043] A floating sludge experimental inner tank assembly A is arranged inside the experimental water tank 1. One end of the floating sludge experimental inner tank assembly is pulled and lifted by a lifting assembly B arranged outside the experimental water tank to adjust the slope of the floating sludge experimental inner tank assembly in the experimental water tank. The floating sludge in the floating sludge experimental inner tank assembly tilts and moves accordingly, and the movement characteristics of the floating sludge are collected and analyzed.

[0044] The floating sludge experimental inner tank assembly A includes an experimental inner tank A1, a foldable transparent hose A2, a sludge inlet valve A3, a floating sludge blocking plate A4, a horizontal rotating shaft A5 and a traction shaft A6. Among them, the experimental inner tank is horizontally arranged inside the experimental water tank 1. One side of the experimental inner tank is closed and the other side is open. An underwater sludge storage tank A1a protruding downward is provided at the bottom of the experimental inner tank near the closed side. The bottom of the underwater sludge storage tank is communicated with the sludge inlet valve arranged on the tank wall of the experimental water tank through a transparent hose. The floating sludge blocking plate is vertically arranged in the experimental inner tank to isolate the underwater sludge storage tank from other tank inner spaces in the experimental inner tank. The horizontal rotating shaft is arranged at the bottom of the open side of the experimental inner tank and is fixedly connected to the experimental water tank. The traction shaft is arranged at the top of the closed side of the experimental inner tank. The traction shaft is connected to the lifting assembly B and is pulled and lifted by it. That is, when the experimental inner tank is pulled and lifted by the lifting assembly, the experimental inner tank changes from a horizontal state to an inclined state in the experimental water tank with the horizontal rotating shaft as the center.

[0045] Drain holes are provided in the upper part of the plate body of the floating sludge blocking plate A4.

[0046] The horizontal rotating shaft A5 is equipped with a limit sealing cover A5a on the outer groove shaft hole.

[0047] When the experimental inner tank A1 is arranged inside the experimental water tank 1, the bottom of the experimental inner tank is 15 - 25 cm higher than the bottom of the experimental water tank.

[0048] When the experimental inner tank A1 is arranged inside the experimental water tank 1, the side where the traction shaft A6 is arranged is 20 - 30 cm away from the tank wall of the experimental water tank, and the other side of the experimental inner tank is located above the sludge discharge tank 1a.

[0049] The lifting assembly B includes a lifting frame B1, a lifting motor B2, and a traction cable B3. Among them, the lifting frame is arranged outside the experimental water tank 1, the height of the lifting frame is adjustable, a lifting motor is arranged on the lifting frame, and the lifting motor is connected to the traction shaft A6 of the floating sludge experimental inner tank assembly A through the traction cable to lift and traction the experimental inner tank A1.

[0050] An experimental method for the movement characteristics of floating sludge, based on the above experimental water tank for studying the movement characteristics of floating sludge, the specific steps are as follows:

[0051] 1) Inject clean water:

[0052] Close the mud inlet valve A3 and the sludge discharge valve 1a2, and inject clean water into the experimental water tank 1 through the water inlet valve 1b. After reaching the predetermined water level, close the water inlet valve;

[0053] 2) Adjust the slope of the experimental inner tank A1:

[0054] By adjusting the height of the lifting frame B1 and starting the lifting motor B2 to drive the traction cable B3 to lift and traction the experimental inner tank A1 to rotate around the horizontal rotating shaft A5, thereby changing the initial bottom slope of the experimental inner tank. This initial bottom slope is the lower interface slope of the floating sludge movement. After adjustment, fix the lifting frame;

[0055] 3) Add floating sludge:

[0056] First insert the floating sludge blocking plate A4 of the experimental inner tank A1 to isolate the underwater sludge storage tank A1a from the other tank inner spaces of the experimental inner tank. Then open the mud inlet valve A3, and inject the experimental floating sludge into the underwater sludge storage tank through the mud inlet valve and the transparent hose A2. During the injection process, the clear water in the experimental inner tank space at the underwater sludge storage tank will be discharged out through the drainage holes opened in the upper part of the floating sludge blocking plate body, always keeping the water levels on both sides of the floating sludge blocking plate the same. And the floating sludge in the underwater sludge storage tank gradually increases and overflows into the experimental inner tank. After the amount of floating sludge injection reaches the expected target, close the mud inlet valve;

[0057] 4) Experimental study on the movement characteristics of floating sludge:

[0058] Quickly pull out the floating mud blocking plug plate A4. Since the experimental inner tank A1 is in an inclined state, the floating mud originally blocked by the floating mud blocking plug plate will flow out due to gravity, and move toward the lower part, that is, the opening of the experimental inner tank, along the bottom of the experimental inner tank until it falls into the mud discharge tank 1a. The floating mud movement process can be collected and analyzed by video to conduct a floating mud movement characteristic experiment.

[0059] It should be noted that the recommended thickness of the floating mud blocking plug board is a thinner 0.2 to 0.3 cm, in order to minimize disturbance to the water body when pulling the board out.

[0060] 8.5) Floating mud collection:

[0061] After the experiment, since the density of floating mud is greater than that of water and the mud discharge slope 1a1 is provided in the mud discharge trough 1a, the floating mud will quickly gather at the bottom of the mud discharge slope. At this time, the floating mud can be easily and quickly collected by opening the mud discharge valve 1a2.

[0062] 8.6) Maintenance after the experiment ends:

[0063] Close the mud discharge valve 1a2, then open the mud inlet valve A3 and the water inlet valve 1b to inject clean water to clean the transparent hose A2, the underwater mud storage tank A1a, the experimental inner tank A1 and the experimental water tank 1. After cleaning, close the mud inlet valve and the water inlet valve, and then open the mud discharge valve to discharge the sewage. This step can be repeated many times until the tank is cleaned and the water is emptied.

[0064] The experimental water tank and experimental method for studying the movement characteristics of floating mud of the present invention have a simple structure and are easy to use, and can quickly carry out experiments on the influence of factors such as floating mud density, thickness and lower interface slope on its movement characteristics; the experimental water tank and experimental method for studying the movement characteristics of floating mud of the present invention can change the slope of the inner tank, the density and amount of the floating mud added during the experiment, so that the movement phenomenon of the floating mud at the bottom of the inner tank is constantly changed, thereby realizing the study of the influence of various factors of the floating mud on its movement characteristics, and the experimental efficiency is high.

[0065] The experimental water tank and the experimental method for studying the movement characteristics of floating mud of the present invention are applicable to the research field of floating mud in various waterside areas such as coasts and estuaries.

Claims

1. An experimental flume for studying the movement characteristics of fluid mud, comprising an experimental flume (1), characterized in that: The experimental flume (1) is provided with a sludge discharge groove (1a) protruding downward at the bottom on one side thereof. The bottom of the sludge discharge groove is a sludge discharge inclined surface (1a1) inclined downward. A sludge discharge valve (1a2) is arranged at the bottom of the sludge discharge inclined surface, and a water inlet valve (1b) is arranged on the flume wall of the experimental flume near the sludge discharge groove; The experimental flume (1) is internally provided with a fluid mud experimental inner flume assembly (A). One end of the fluid mud experimental inner flume assembly is pulled and lifted by a lifting assembly (B) arranged outside the experimental flume, so as to adjust the slope of the fluid mud experimental inner flume assembly to be inclined in the experimental flume. The fluid mud in the fluid mud experimental inner flume assembly inclines and moves accordingly, and the movement characteristics of the fluid mud are collected and analyzed; The fluid mud experimental inner flume assembly (A) includes an experimental inner flume (A1), a foldable transparent hose (A2), a mud inlet valve (A3), a fluid mud blocking plug board (A4), a horizontal rotating shaft (A5) and a traction shaft (A6). Among them, the experimental inner flume is horizontally arranged inside the experimental flume (1). One side of the experimental inner flume is closed and the other side is open. An underwater sludge storage tank (A1a) protruding downward is arranged at the bottom of the experimental inner flume near the closed side. The bottom of the underwater sludge storage tank is communicated with the mud inlet valve arranged on the flume wall through a transparent hose. The fluid mud blocking plug board is vertically arranged in the experimental inner flume to isolate the underwater sludge storage tank from other tank spaces in the experimental inner flume. The horizontal rotating shaft is arranged at the bottom of the open side of the experimental inner flume and is fixedly connected with the experimental flume, and the traction shaft is arranged at the top of the closed side of the experimental inner flume. The traction shaft is connected with the lifting assembly (B) and is pulled and lifted by it. That is, when the experimental inner flume is pulled and lifted by the lifting assembly, the experimental inner flume changes from a horizontal state to an inclined state in the experimental flume with the horizontal rotating shaft as the center; The lifting assembly (B) includes a lifting frame (B1), a lifting motor (B2) and a traction cable (B3). Among them, the lifting frame is arranged outside the experimental flume (1). The height of the lifting frame is adjustable. A lifting motor is arranged on the lifting frame. The lifting motor is connected with the traction shaft (A6) of the fluid mud experimental inner flume assembly (A) through a traction cable to pull and lift the experimental inner flume (A1).

2. The experimental water tank for studying the movement characteristics of floating mud according to claim 1, characterized in that, Drain holes are arranged at the upper part of the board body of the fluid mud blocking plug board (A4).

3. An experimental flume for studying the movement characteristics of floating mud as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A limit sealing cover (A5a) is installed on the outer groove shaft hole of the horizontal rotating shaft (A5).

4. An experimental flume for studying the movement characteristics of fluid mud as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, When the experimental inner flume (A1) is arranged inside the experimental flume (1), the bottom of the experimental inner flume is 15 - 25 cm higher than the bottom of the experimental flume.

5. An experimental water tank for studying the movement characteristics of floating sludge as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the experimental inner flume (A1) is arranged inside the experimental flume (1), the side where the traction shaft (A6) is arranged is 20 - 30 cm away from the flume wall of the experimental flume, and the other side of the experimental inner flume is located above the sludge discharge groove (1a).

6. An experimental method for the movement characteristics of fluid mud, based on the experimental flume for studying the movement characteristics of fluid mud according to any one of the above claims, the specific steps are as follows: 6.1) Inject clean water: Close the mud inlet valve (A3) and the mud discharge valve (1a2), inject clean water into the experimental water tank (1) through the water inlet valve (1b), and close the water inlet valve when the water reaches a predetermined water level; 6.2) Adjust the slope of the experimental inner tank (A1): By adjusting the height of the lifting frame (B1) and starting the lifting motor (B2) to drive the traction rope (B3) to pull and lift the experimental inner tank (A1) to rotate around the horizontal rotation axis (A5), the initial bottom slope of the experimental inner tank is changed. The initial bottom slope is the lower interface slope of the floating mud movement. After the adjustment is completed, the lifting frame is fixed; 6.3) Adding floating mud: First, insert the floating mud blocking plug plate (A4) of the experimental inner tank (A1) to isolate the underwater mud storage tank (A1a) from other tank spaces of the experimental inner tank, then open the mud inlet valve (A3), and add the floating mud for the experiment into the underwater mud storage tank through the mud inlet valve and the transparent hose (A2). During the filling process, the clean water in the experimental inner tank space at the underwater mud storage tank will be discharged outward through the drainage holes opened on the upper part of the floating mud blocking plug plate, and the water level on both sides of the floating mud blocking plug plate will always be kept consistent, while the floating mud in the underwater mud storage tank gradually increases and overflows into the experimental inner tank. After the amount of floating mud added reaches the expected target, close the mud inlet valve; 6.4) Experiment on the movement characteristics of floating mud: Quickly pull out the floating mud blocking plug plate (A4). Since the experimental inner tank (A1) is in an inclined state, the floating mud originally blocked by the floating mud blocking plug plate will flow out due to gravity, and move along the bottom of the experimental inner tank to the lower part, that is, the opening of the experimental inner tank until it falls into the mud discharge tank (1a). The floating mud movement process can be collected and analyzed by video recording, and the floating mud movement characteristic experiment can be carried out; 6.5) Floating mud collection: After the experiment, since the density of the floating mud is greater than that of water and the mud discharge slope (1a1) is provided in the mud discharge tank (1a), the floating mud will quickly gather at the bottom of the mud discharge slope. At this time, the floating mud can be easily and quickly collected by opening the mud discharge valve (1a2); 6.6) Maintenance after the experiment ends: Close the mud discharge valve (1a2), then open the mud inlet valve (A3) and the water inlet valve (1b) to inject clean water to clean the transparent hose (A2), the underwater mud storage tank (A1a), the experimental inner tank (A1) and the experimental water tank (1). After cleaning, close the mud inlet valve and the water inlet valve, then open the mud discharge valve to discharge the sewage. This step can be repeated several times until the tank is cleaned and the water is emptied.

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