A fire-fighting device with an extended powder spraying port

Abstract

The present invention provides a fire-fighting device with an extended powder spraying port, which includes a water spray nozzle 1 and a powder spray nozzle 2. The water spray nozzle 1 is arranged around the outside of the powder spray nozzle 2, and the powder spraying port 4 of the powder spray nozzle 2 is arranged in front of the water spraying port 3 of the water spray nozzle 1. The powder spray nozzle 2 includes a detachable extension tube 11 arranged at the front part. The present invention solves the technical bottleneck in the prior art of using sodium polyacrylate resin powder as a fire extinguishing agent, enabling the sodium polyacrylate resin powder to be smoothly and continuously sprayed into the fire field without clogging the powder spraying port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire-fighting equipment, and particularly to a fire-fighting device for powder fire extinguishing agent and liquid with an extended powder spraying port, and a method for spraying and mixing powder fire extinguishing agent and water. Background Art

[0002] At present, water is still the most commonly used fire extinguishing agent, which has the advantages of being cheap and easily available, and having no pollution to the environment. However, due to the good fluidity of water, most of the water will be lost after being sprayed onto the fire scene, resulting in waste. Moreover, for large-scale fires with a large fire area, rapid fire development, easy reignition, and great difficulty in extinguishing, using water to extinguish the fire can often only control the spread of the fire, and it is difficult to extinguish the large fire quickly and effectively. The widely used dry powder fire extinguishing agents at present, although the fire extinguishing effect has been improved, are not effective for some types of large fires, and the residues cause relatively serious environmental pollution.

[0003] Super Absorbent Resin (SAR) is a new type of functional polymer material with a water-swellable and three-dimensional network structure containing strong hydrophilic groups such as carboxyl groups and amide groups and having a certain degree of crosslinking. It is insoluble in water and organic solvents, and has unique properties - strong water absorption and water retention. Compared with traditional water-absorbing materials such as sponges, cotton, cellulose, and silica gel, super absorbent resins have a large water absorption capacity, can quickly absorb dozens or even thousands of times their own weight of liquid water, and have strong water retention. Even under heat and pressure, they are not easily dehydrated. At the same time, they also have some characteristics of polymer materials. Due to these characteristics, the research and development of super absorbent resins have been extremely rapid, and they have been widely used in many fields such as agriculture, forestry, horticulture, medical and health, food industry, petrochemical industry, and building materials.

[0004] Super absorbent resins have developed rapidly and there are many types. There are also many classification methods, mainly classified according to raw material sources, hydrophilization methods, types of hydrophilic groups, crosslinking methods, and product forms. The most commonly used classification method is by raw material source, including starch-based super absorbent resins, cellulose-based super absorbent resins, synthetic super absorbent resins, protein-based super absorbent resins, blended and composite super absorbent resins, etc.

[0005] The reason why super absorbent resins can absorb hundreds or even thousands of times their own mass of water is that they meet two conditions: one is that they have hydrophilic groups such as carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, amide groups, and sulfonic acid groups, which makes water absorption possible. The other is that they have a three-dimensional network structure and are insoluble in water, which makes water absorption a reality. Super absorbent resins are three-dimensional network polymers with hydrophilic groups and slightly crosslinked, which can absorb a large amount of water and swell while retaining the water from flowing out, and have the advantages of high water absorption ratio, fast water absorption rate, and strong water retention performance.

[0006] The application of high water absorbent resins, especially the polymer hydrogels of polyacrylic acid-based high water absorbent resins, in the field of fire extinguishing has the following advantages:

[0007] 1. In high water absorbent resins, when the side groups of the polyelectrolytes come into contact with water, corresponding anionic hydrophilic groups and cations (mobile ions) are ionized. The main chain network skeletons are all negatively charged anions that cannot move, and the repulsive force between them generates the driving force for network expansion. Although the cations have a certain degree of mobility, due to the attraction and binding of the opposite charges of the network skeleton, they exist in the network. In this way, the cation concentration inside the network is greater than that of the cations in the external water, and an osmotic pressure is generated inside and outside the network. In addition, since the polyelectrolyte itself has groups with very strong hydrophilic ability, water can enter the three-dimensional network in large quantities in a very short time. Under high temperature conditions, the high water absorbent resin with a large amount of free water fixed has a relatively large heat capacity, and a large amount of heat can be consumed when losing water, forming an effective isolation from the heat source, which is conducive to the control of the fire situation.

[0008] 2. After the high water absorbent resin absorbs water, it forms an elastic gel, and these gel particles are tightly connected together, and there are no gaps for air to enter between them. It can isolate the contact between the fire source and the air in the hydrogel state, prevent afterglow from reigniting, and protect the objects in the fire field covered by the gel, thus achieving the effect of quickly extinguishing the fire.

[0009] 3. After the high water absorbent resin absorbs water, it forms a gel, which has excellent chemical stability, thermal stability and compatibility, and has a very high viscosity and good adhesion ability. After being sprayed on a vertical surface, it can cover the object surface without falling, forming a sufficient adhesion thickness, and can effectively improve the fire prevention effectiveness of the unburned objects in the fire field.

[0010] 4. The high water absorbent resin is a polymer powder, which is safe in storage, transportation, etc. The storage (sealed to prevent water absorption) stability reaches more than two years and is non-toxic; in a strong fire, after losing water by heating, the resin burns into carbon dioxide and water, which is non-toxic to humans and livestock; after the fire is extinguished, the residual resin in the fire field will naturally degrade within a few months, which is non-toxic and pollution-free to humans and the environment, and is green and environmentally friendly.

[0011] 5. The high water absorbent resin powder has a light specific gravity and extremely strong water absorption ability. It can absorb more than 300 times its own weight of water in a very short time. The resin powder content in the whole water-absorbing gel is generally between 0.05% and 0.5% of the water weight. Generally, it is about 0.1%. Only a small amount of high water absorbent resin powder can form a large amount of fire extinguishing gel, and the fire extinguishing and fire prevention effects are excellent. And it can continuously absorb water to avoid secondary damage caused by the flow of excess water, and has the effect of saving water.

[0012] 6. The high water absorbent resin powder is weakly acidic, weakly basic or neutral and does not corrode fire fighting equipment.

[0013] In the prior art, there is a technology of using acrylic polymers to prepare gel for fire extinguishing. For example, Chinese Patent CN107497088A discloses a hydrogel fire extinguishing agent and its implementation method. The usage method of the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent is to dissolve the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent in water, with the stirring time not exceeding 1 minute, to prepare a solution with a mass concentration of 3-5‰, which can be used for fire extinguishing; CN107789085A discloses a new type of polymer gel water-based fire extinguishing agent. When in use, take the new environmentally friendly polymer gel water-based fire extinguishing agent and add it to water with a mass 600-1000 times that of the agent, and after stirring for 3-5 minutes, a polymer gel can be formed for fire extinguishing; CN207101696U discloses a new type of environmentally friendly fire truck. First, put the material into the polymer fire extinguishing material storage tank, so that the fire extinguishing material enters the fire cannon pipeline. Water comes out of the water tank and enters the fire cannon pipeline through the fire pump inlet. Under the action of the rotary mixing device, water and the polymer material are fully mixed in the spiral pipeline, and then emitted from the fire water cannon; CN100444912C discloses the application of a superabsorbent resin water-absorbing gel fire extinguishing agent. Mix the synthetic resin sodium polyacrylate with 1000 times of water, and the water-absorbing gel is formed in half an hour. This gel can be sprayed onto the fire with a water gun. Mix the sodium polyacrylate fine powder with 1000 times of water and spray them together from the spray gun towards the fire area. Within 15 seconds to 60 seconds, the gel is formed to play a role in extinguishing the fire.

[0014] However, there are major defects in the usage methods of these superabsorbent resin fire extinguishing agents. Through long-term experiments by the inventor, the superabsorbent resin powder expands rapidly after absorbing water, and as the water absorption increases, the viscosity becomes larger and larger until it finally approaches the solidified state. The resin after stirring is very viscous and easily solidifies. It is very difficult to find a suitable way to eject these nearly solid gel-like water-absorbing resins, precisely speaking, to spray them out instead of throwing them in lumps by manpower or machine. Further, during the expansion process of the resin, it will seriously block the pipelines of fire-fighting equipment, resulting in the inability to continue spraying, and even causing equipment damage due to poor water flow and pipeline blockage. Therefore, the usage scenarios of the above fire extinguishing methods are greatly limited.

[0015] In addition, in the prior art fire-fighting equipment, for the mixing of powdered fire extinguishing agents and water flow, a scheme of independent input pipelines plus overlapping output pipelines is usually adopted. For example, Chinese Patent CN201591928U discloses a pipe-in-pipe type composite jet fire cannon. See Figure 1, the separate input of various fire extinguishing agents is adopted, and different fire extinguishing agents are respectively transported through the inner and outer pipes, so that the mixed liquid and the ultrafine dry powder do not mix with each other during transportation and only converge at the nozzle. Therefore, their respective characteristics are completely retained. Coupled with the wall-attaching effect of the direct current pressure water or the foam mixed liquid, the ultrafine dry powder with good hydrophobicity can be carried to a farther distance. Chinese Patent CN207722267U discloses a fire fighting gun capable of adjusting the mixing ratio of water and ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agent. See Figure 2 , a spray nozzle is provided at the front end of the gun body 8, and an independent powder inlet pipe and a water inlet pipe are provided at the rear end of the gun body 8. The front part of the powder inlet pipe is sleeved inside the front part of the water inlet pipe, and a water passing cavity is left between the front part of the powder inlet pipe and the front part of the water inlet pipe. The front ends of the powder inlet pipe and the water inlet pipe are both connected to the spray nozzle.

[0016] For example, Chinese Patent CN 105148435 A discloses a multi-functional fire fighting coaxial nozzle device. See Figure 3 , which includes an outer shaft pipeline inlet interface for connecting and transporting the fire extinguishing medium of the outer pipeline, an inner shaft pipeline inlet interface for connecting and transporting the fire extinguishing medium of the inner pipeline, an outer shaft pipeline valve, an inner shaft pipeline valve, a coaxial outer pipeline, a coaxial inner pipeline, an outer pipeline nozzle, an inner pipeline nozzle, and the connection between the inner and outer pipelines. Two sets of independent fire extinguishing nozzle devices are ingeniously combined into one body, and two fire extinguishing media with the same or different properties or the same properties but different functions can be sprayed onto the fire scene at the same time. Another example is that Chinese Patent CN 109806532 A discloses a composite jet fire extinguishing spraying device. See Figure 4 , which includes a first connecting pipe for transporting foam or water-based fire extinguishing agent, with a first discharge port provided at one end; a second connecting pipe for transporting dry powder driven by nitrogen, with a second discharge port provided at one end, and the second discharge port is concentrically arranged with the first discharge port; an outer spray pipe, with one end connected to the first discharge port; an inner spray pipe, located inside the outer spray pipe and coaxially arranged with the outer spray pipe, and one end of the inner spray pipe penetrates into the first connecting pipe for transporting dry powder driven by nitrogen, and a channel for transporting foam or water-based fire extinguishing agent is provided between the outer wall of the inner spray pipe and the inner wall of the first discharge port.

[0017] The above-mentioned fire water cannons or water guns are all designed for traditional powder extinguishing agents, especially dry powder extinguishing agents. Dry powder extinguishing agents are usually insoluble in water and do not absorb water, and other extinguishing agents on the market will not show volume expansion and viscosity increase caused by water absorption. Therefore, there is no problem when using dry powder extinguishing agents with such fire water cannons, and all the extinguishing agent powders will be carried away from the fire water cannon by the strong flushing of the water flow. However, when using superabsorbent resin as the extinguishing agent, serious problems will occur. Superabsorbent resin is actually neither soluble in water nor hydrophobic, but can quickly absorb water molecules into the polymer structure and fix them, forming a gel with strong adsorption force. Therefore, with the simultaneous spraying of water and powder, the strong water flow cannot carry away all the resin powders, which leads to more and more water-absorbing resins sticking to the vicinity of the powder spraying port. After working for a period of time, the powder spraying port will be completely blocked, and this problem will become more serious as the performance indicators of the superabsorbent resin are better. In the tests conducted by our company, the peripheral water flow will flow into, splash or drip onto the vicinity of the inner powder spraying port in various ways. Due to the high viscosity and rapid solidification, the water-absorbed resin will gradually accumulate at the nozzle part, forming a resin pile similar to a volcano, gradually compressing the powder spraying channel, and finally completely closing the powder outlet. In the most serious case, the water flow may directly flow to the powder spraying port, and the solidified resin will block the pipeline inside the powder spraying port in a very short time. Therefore, it is necessary to modify the existing hybrid jet device to be suitable for resin powder extinguishing agents.

[0018] In addition, when the extinguishing agent is other types of powders (such as water-soluble powders), water will also flow back into the powder spraying nozzle, especially at the beginning of fire extinguishing and during the water shut-off stage after the fire is extinguished. Of course, the powder extinguishing agents selected in fire fighting are usually substances with excellent solubility. Once they encounter water, they will dissolve in large quantities, and the consequences are also very serious. One is that it is easy to produce undesired toxic substances or chemicals that corrode fire fighting equipment. The other is that the dissolution process may be relatively violent, and it is easy to have undesired strong reactions or generate a large amount of heat.

[0019] In view of this, there is a need in the market for such a jet fire fighting device that can use superabsorbent resin powder as the extinguishing agent, can quickly mix the resin powder and water flow, and at the same time does not form a gel or paste to block the powder spraying port, and can continuously and stably transport the mixed gel or solution to the designated position. Summary of the Invention

[0020] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fire fighting device that can achieve rapid mixing of the extinguishing agent powder, especially superabsorbent resin powder, and water flow, and does not form a gel or paste to block the powder spraying port, and can continuously and stably spray the powder extinguishing agent.

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is to provide a fire-fighting device with an extended powder spraying port, including a water spraying nozzle 1 and a powder spraying nozzle 2. The water spraying nozzle 1 is arranged around the outside of the powder spraying nozzle 2, and the powder spraying port 4 of the powder spraying nozzle 2 is arranged in front of the water spraying port 3 of the water spraying nozzle 1. The powder spraying nozzle 2 includes a detachable extension pipe 11 arranged at the front part.

[0022] The fire extinguishing agent powder ejected from the powder spraying nozzle 2 is mixed with the water flow ejected from the water spraying nozzle 1 in the air outside the fire-fighting device. The fire extinguishing agent powder is polyacrylate resin powder.

[0023] The axial distance A between the powder spraying port 4 of the powder spraying nozzle 2 and the water spraying port 3 of the water spraying nozzle 1 is not greater than 15 cm.

[0024] The water spraying nozzle 1 has an independent spraying pipeline 9 relative to the powder spraying nozzle 2.

[0025] A water isolation space 12 is arranged between the pipe walls of the water spraying nozzle 1 and the powder spraying nozzle 2.

[0026] The water spraying nozzle 1 further includes an outer sleeve pipe 10 arranged at the front part, and the powder spraying port 4 of the powder spraying nozzle 2 is arranged in front of the pipe orifice of the outer sleeve pipe 10.

[0027] The water spraying nozzle 1 is connected to a water spraying pipe 5 and can eject high-pressure water flow or water mist. The powder spraying nozzle 2 is connected to a powder spraying pipe 6, the powder spraying pipe 6 is connected to a powder storage tank 7, and the powder storage tank 7 is connected to a high-pressure gas source 8.

[0028] The present invention also provides a method for spraying and mixing a powder fire extinguishing agent and water. The fire extinguishing agent powder is ejected from the powder spraying port 4 of the powder spraying nozzle 2 arranged in front of the water spraying port 3 of the water spraying nozzle 1, and the water flow ejected from the water spraying port 3 of the water spraying nozzle 1 arranged around the outside of the powder spraying nozzle 2 is mixed with the fire extinguishing agent powder in the air outside the powder spraying nozzle 2. The fire extinguishing agent powder is polyacrylate resin powder. The water column ejected from the water spraying nozzle 1 is ejected in a hollow state and converges at a certain distance in front of the fire-fighting device.

[0029] Compared with the existing mixed jet fire-fighting equipment that exists in large numbers, the advantages of the present invention are reflected in:

[0030] 1. In the prior art, for the hybrid jet water cannon water gun, the scheme of sleeving a powder spraying pipe on a water spraying pipe is usually adopted, which can make the powder and water mix better and use the power of the water flow to transport the powder farther. The premise of this design concept is that all the extinguishing agent will be carried away by the water flow after being ejected, and even if the powder spraying port encounters water, a large amount of gel or paste-like substance will not be generated. However, when using superabsorbent resin powder as the extinguishing agent, in this structure where the powder spraying port and the water spraying port are close together, there will be too many opportunities for the outer water flow to enter the inner powder spraying port, forming a gel with a very high viscosity and causing blockage. However, this design method of outer water and inner powder has its own advantages. For example, the powdery extinguishing agent is usually light, the airflow environment at the fire scene is complex, and the powder needs to be blown out by compressed air with a relatively large dispersion area. When the powder is ejected in the middle of the water column, all the powder will directly hit the "water wall", and in this way, the leakage of the powder will be very small and the mixing will be relatively sufficient. After long-term experimental research, our company found that when the water flow is strongly ejected from a closed pipe, a large amount of water mist or water droplets will be excited on the pipe wall beside the water spraying port under the condition of reduced surrounding pressure; many water droplets will also directly jump out of the water column, which are all the results of the changes in indicators such as water flow pressure, pressure intensity and momentum; in practice, we found that some defects generated in the manufacturing process of water cannons, such as insufficient concentricity, uneven thickness, and different widths of annular gaps, will all affect the degree of water splash. If these water molecules splash onto the powder spraying port next to it, it will cause blockage of the powder spraying port of the superabsorbent resin powder. In order to give full play to the advantages of the outer water and inner powder design and minimize its disadvantages, it is creatively proposed to change the position of the powder spraying nozzle from the same plane or approximately the same plane as the water spraying nozzle to the powder spraying nozzle being arranged at a certain distance in front of the water spraying port or the nozzle of the entire fire fighting device. Under this scheme, a structure is formed in which the powder ejection position extends a certain distance outward from the water spraying port, and the distance between the two is increased as much as possible. By adopting the design of placing the powder spraying port in front, on the one hand, the water droplets splashed by the water flow ejected from the water spraying port basically have no chance to enter the area near the powder spraying port, and on the other hand, there is no longer the obstruction of the water spraying nozzle pipe wall around the powder spraying port, and it is in a suspended state. Even if the powder drifts around due to the ejection of the pressure gas, it will not adhere and accumulate at the powder spraying port, but directly enter the water column, minimizing the possibility of the powder spraying port getting wet to the greatest extent. We found that even if water splashes onto the powder spraying port, because the powder spraying pipe extends outside, the resin powder will not accumulate directly in front of the powder spraying port, but only accumulate at the side rear of the powder spraying port and will not block the powder spraying port in a short time. Experiments have proved that the fire fighting device with this nozzle structure can work continuously for dozens of minutes without blockage.

[0031] 2. The biggest technical problem solved by the present invention is how to prevent the powder spraying port and the water spraying pipe from being blocked by gels or pastes and prevent the spray pipe from being contaminated. However, in practice, since most water cannons are manually operated, the direction of the water flow, the amount of water, and the water pressure of the spray are likely to fluctuate greatly. Therefore, it is inevitable that some water-absorbed gel-like substances will accumulate at the powder spraying port. Once these substances accumulate to a certain extent, the areas of the powder spraying port and the water spraying port will be reduced, greatly reducing the use efficiency of the fire-fighting equipment. In this regard, we have found a convenient and fast method, which is to design the front end of the water spraying nozzle as a detachable extension pipe. Once the powder spraying port is blocked for any reason during use, we immediately replace the extension pipe to quickly resume work. This method can solve the blockage problem most quickly because according to experiments, the blockage of the powder spraying port accounts for more than 90% of all blockages. The blockage of the water spraying port is generally caused by a chain reaction after the blockage of the powder spraying port. At the same time, even if the powder spraying nozzle pipe is blocked, the blockage of the powder spraying port will not block the pipe for a long distance because of the strong water absorption ability and sealing ability of sodium polyacrylate, which will quickly seal the pipe. Therefore, as long as the length of the extension pipe is designed appropriately, the main pipe can be prevented from being blocked by resin powder. In addition, when using other fire extinguishing agents, the pollution caused by the reverse flow of water from the powder spraying port can also be solved by cleaning the extension pipe. Otherwise, the cost of solving the pollution of the fire extinguishing agent solution near the powder spraying port by the method of cleaning the whole powder spraying pipe is high and time-consuming.

[0032] 3. It has changed the previous usage mode of using superabsorbent resin as a fire extinguishing agent in the fire protection field. Instead of pre-mixing and then using it as before, it can be used immediately after spraying, which greatly improves the fire extinguishing efficiency and does not require additional stirring equipment. It is equivalent to not changing the traditional water column fire extinguishing method. Only a set of powder spraying devices are added in the middle of the water cannon, forming a new fire extinguishing method of spraying powder on the ejected water column. The water column carries the powder away, and the water and powder are mixed and absorbed while moving. And within a few seconds of reaching the ignition point, sufficient water absorption and mixing are completed. When the water flow reaches the ignition point, the fire extinguishing gel is just formed, without affecting the previous advantages of rapid fire extinguishing response at all. The resin powder and water flow are mixed in the air at a certain distance from the nozzle instead of being mixed inside the nozzle or at the outlet part as before, greatly reducing the chance of water flow entering the area near the powder spraying port. Since the water flow is strongly ejected from the periphery of the annular pipe, the shape of the water column is significantly different from that of the water column ejected from an ordinary water pipe, roughly presenting a hollow annular water column, and this water column will gather at a position at a certain distance from the water spraying port. Of course, after gathering, it usually separates again or separates slightly and then sprays straight forward. This provides a basis for the design of the extension of the powder spraying pipe. At least the water flow will not directly spray on the powder spraying port. It makes the most of the physical properties of superabsorbent resin, especially sodium polyacrylate resin, so that the high water absorption capacity and high water absorption rate no longer become obstacles to using sodium polyacrylate as a fire extinguishing agent, but become an advantage. The resin powder and water flow do not need to be mixed in any closed or semi-closed space, but are directly mixed in the air, which can largely solve the influence of the high viscosity generated after water absorption on the spraying of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0033] 4. A water isolation space is reserved between the water spraying nozzle and the powder spraying nozzle, which can ensure that the water column does not spray out closely along the outer wall of the powder spraying pipe, which is equivalent to separating the two by a certain distance B in the radial direction. Adding the separated distance A in the axial direction can minimize the influence of the water splashes sputtered from the water spraying port on the powder spraying port. At the same time, due to the existence of the water isolation space, the diameter of the water spraying port is actually increased, making the convergence point of the ejected hollow water column in the air farther from the powder spraying port, which is beneficial to the resin powder entering the water column. The strong water flow or water mist ejected from the water spraying pipe can transport the gel formed by the resin to a farther place. And when the water flow is ejected rapidly, it can converge together at a certain distance in front of the water spraying port, reducing the probability of the powder escaping from the water column to almost zero. At the same time, a certain negative pressure can be generated inside the water column, sucking the resin powder floating with the air flow after ejection into the water flow, making good use of the characteristics of the resin powder with low density and small particles.

[0034] 5. The structure in which the powder nozzle and the water nozzle of the present invention overlap has no substantial difference from the existing two-phase jet mixing equipment. The manufacturing process is simple, the structure is simple, the appearance is small and beautiful, the occupied space is small, and the installation, maintenance or replacement of components is convenient and fast. For manufacturers, when pursuing cost balance, without making substantial changes to the existing fire water cannons, water guns or hoses, to achieve the technical effects of the present invention, the original water nozzle and powder nozzle can be utilized, and only the pipe wall of the powder nozzle needs to be appropriately extended outward, greatly reducing the transformation cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiphase jet water cannon in the prior art;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiphase jet water gun in the prior art;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiphase jet water cannon in the prior art;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiphase jet water cannon in the prior art;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the fire fighting device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the position of the end face nozzle of an embodiment of the fire fighting device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a nozzle of an embodiment of the fire fighting device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a nozzle of an embodiment of the fire fighting device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a nozzle of an embodiment of the fire fighting device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a nozzle of an embodiment of the fire fighting device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The following embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and the detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0046] Reference Figure 5The present invention relates to the technical field of fire fighting equipment, and discloses a fire fighting device with an extended powder spraying port, comprising a water spraying nozzle 1 and a powder spraying nozzle 2, wherein the water spraying nozzle 1 is arranged around the outside of the powder spraying nozzle 2, and the powder spraying port 4 of the powder spraying nozzle 2 is arranged in front of the water spraying port 3 of the water spraying nozzle 1.

[0047] Generally speaking, mixed jet fire fighting devices include several components, such as water pumps, high-pressure pumps, pipes, valves, water inlets, control devices, etc., but specifically for the present invention, it only includes two core parts, a powder spraying device and a water spraying device. As long as these two devices are properly positioned, the purpose of the present invention can be achieved. The experiments conducted by our company some time ago were mainly carried out around the reuse of mixed jet equipment in the prior art, because there are already mixed jet equipment in the prior art that sprays powder and high-pressure water columns together to extinguish fires, which saves development costs. If it can be directly converted, the test cost is very low. However, after a series of tests and replacing several varieties of highly absorbent resins in the middle, a good spraying effect could not be achieved. The existing three-phase or two-phase mixed jet fire fighting equipment has water spray ports and powder spray ports nested with each other. Water spray and powder spray are carried out simultaneously, and water and powder are sprayed out wrapped around each other. Due to the very high pressure of the high-pressure water column, the collision between the water lines is relatively fierce, and the splashing water can easily enter the surroundings of the powder spray port. The biggest difference between the highly absorbent resin powder and the existing powder fire extinguishing agent is that it is neither soluble in water nor hydrophobic. Instead, it expands rapidly after contacting water and its viscosity increases rapidly to become a gel. The gel gradually becomes solid and seals the inner wall around the powder spray port, and eventually completely closes the powder spray port, causing the resin as a fire extinguishing agent to be unable to be sprayed out. In some cases, such as when the high-pressure water flow has just been sprayed out or just turned off, the water flow often flows directly to the powder spray port, forming a gel at the nozzle to directly seal the powder spray port.

[0048] In response to this problem, we creatively proposed a technical solution to change the position of the powder spray nozzle from being in the same plane as the water spray nozzle or substantially in the same plane to being in front of the powder spray nozzle, so that the powder spray nozzle 4 is in a state of protruding and hanging in the air. It should be emphasized that the powder spray nozzle 4 of the powder spray nozzle 2 and the water spray nozzle 3 of the water spray nozzle 1 refer to the positions where the powder and liquid are separated from the closed pipe and contact with the outside air when sprayed out. However, when the outer sleeve 10 is provided, the water spray nozzle 3 is not the nozzle of the entire device.

[0049] In one embodiment, both the water spray nozzle 1 and the powder spray nozzle 2 each have at least an independent pipe section at the front, which can prevent water from directly spraying out closely along the outer pipe wall of the powder spray nozzle 2, thereby causing water splashing near the powder spraying port 4. According to our experimental conclusions, when water enters an open space from a closed pipe, the change in pressure will cause the high-speed ejected water column to produce the maximum degree of splashing water; at the same time, the collision water splash is also relatively obvious at the part where the structure and shape characteristics change. Under the solution of the present invention, a structure is formed in which the water ejection position and the powder ejection position are substantially separated by a certain distance. Although the overlapping spray ports are relatively close when viewed from the end face, the axial distance A is effectively lengthened. The powder spraying port 4 has an axial and radial buffer distance from the water spray nozzle 2 with the most splashing water. Under this design, the fire extinguishing agent powder, especially the sodium polyacrylate resin powder, due to its low density and small particles, can still be ejected directly from the middle to the surrounding high-pressure water column at a relatively high speed under the action of the pressurized gas. And due to the excellent water absorption rate of the sodium polyacrylate resin powder, it can quickly be added to the water flow and fly towards the fire point along with the water flow. Under the strong negative pressure traction of the high-pressure water column, the resin powder will not disperse everywhere and adhere to the pipe wall in large quantities.

[0050] Reference Figure 7 , 8 and 9, the position of the powder spraying port 4 is at a certain distance in front of the position of the water spray nozzle 3 or the outer sleeve 10. The axial distance A between the powder spraying port 4 of the powder spray nozzle 2 and the water spray nozzle 3 of the water spray nozzle 1 is not greater than 15 cm. Since the shape change of the water column is only within a certain range, the water column converges at a place more than 20 cm in front of the entire device, so the powder spraying port 4 cannot extend too much, and even less can it exceed the water column convergence point. Of course, the distance cannot be too short either, as a too short distance will affect the effect of avoiding water splashes. The highly water-absorbent resin powder is sprayed into the water flow from in front of the water spray nozzle 3 of the water spray nozzle 1. This design can effectively lengthen the distance between the powder spraying port 4 and the water spray nozzle 3, and place the powder spraying port that is prone to blockage in the unobstructed external air around, where water droplets are less likely to splash, basically eliminating the problem of blockage of the powder spraying port 4. The reason why this design can be achieved is mainly considered that the powder ejection itself has a certain pressure, which can ensure that the powder does not disperse on a large scale within a short distance. Second, under the action of the strong negative pressure of the high-pressure water column, the resin powder with a lighter density can be well attracted. Third, if necessary, an extension pipe 11 can be added to relieve the powder dispersion and water contact. In this way, the advantages of the sodium polyacrylate resin powder can be fully utilized and exerted, and the disadvantages of being prone to block the outlet or backflow can be avoided.

[0051] The powder spraying nozzle 2 includes a detachable extension pipe 11 provided at the front. During the actual fire extinguishing process, there are too many uncontrollable factors and too many random events, so it is inevitable that some water-absorbed gel-like substances will accumulate at the powder spraying port. Once these substances accumulate to a certain extent, it will reduce the areas of the powder spraying port and the water spraying port, greatly reducing the use efficiency of the fire-fighting equipment. Especially when there is no water isolation space 12 between the water spraying nozzle and the powder spraying nozzle, as Figure 10 shown, the water flow is more likely to enter the powder spraying port 4 and cause blockage. We have found a convenient and fast method. The front end of the water spraying nozzle is designed as a detachable extension pipe. Once the powder spraying port is blocked for any reason during use, we immediately replace the extension pipe, and the fire-fighting device can immediately resume work. If only from the perspective of the mixing of the two substances, the mixing effect of the fire-fighting device of the present invention is not necessarily better than that of the existing sleeve-type mixing jet system. However, the present invention solves the new problems brought about by using the new fire-extinguishing agent powder, and has achieved good technical effects when using superabsorbent resin powder, especially sodium polyacrylate resin powder, as the fire-extinguishing agent, giving full play to the characteristics of the sodium polyacrylate resin powder. Even if there is a stacking phenomenon, it is very easy to clean because the extension pipe 11 is exposed outside the entire water spraying nozzle 1, and tools can be directly used to remove the accumulated substances from the outer wall of the pipe. In addition, when using other fire-extinguishing agents, since the backflow of water will cause pollution of a section of the powder spraying pipe near the powder spraying port, it can also be solved by replacing the extension pipe. After being cleaned, the extension pipe can be reinstalled on the powder spraying nozzle.

[0052] The fire extinguishing agent powder ejected from the powder nozzle 2 and the water flow ejected from the water nozzle 1 are mixed in the air outside the fire-fighting device. Theoretically speaking, the direction of the powder ejected from the powder outlet 4 should intersect with the direction of the water ejected from the water outlet 3. Under the design of the present invention, although the water nozzle 1 is not inclined inward, since the diameter of most of the water cannon inlet pipes is smaller than that of the water nozzle 1, there is a process of high-speed outward diffusion during the ejection. In this way, when ejected horizontally, the direction of the high-pressure water flow will converge slightly towards the central axis of the water nozzle 1 due to the refraction of the pipe wall. In this way, it can intersect obliquely with the powder ejected in a straight line from the middle, which is conducive to further solid-liquid mixing. This situation is more obvious when the outer sleeve 10 is provided. There are many forms of the internal structure of the water nozzle 1, but the final ejection direction of the water flow is inclined relative to the powder ejection direction. In the experiment, the high-pressure water column also converges at a certain distance from the nozzle opening. The resin powder ejected from the powder outlet 4 can be sprayed onto the high-pressure water column through the middle hollow part. In this way, the water curtain generated by the high-pressure water column can be utilized to the maximum extent to intercept the floating powder on the water surface of the water column. In some cases, the shapes of the water nozzle 1 and the powder nozzle 2 may not be very regular, but this does not affect the ejection of the water flow and the powder along the directions we designed, and can ensure that the shapes of the ejection channels formed inside the water nozzle 1 and the powder nozzle 2 are complete and symmetrical as much as possible. The water nozzle 1 and the powder nozzle 2 eject the water flow and the powder independently outwards, and then collide and mix at a certain distance from the nozzle opening, which preferably solves the problem that the powder outlet 4 is blocked by the gel.

[0053] Through the tests of our company, the superabsorbent resin powder is preferably the sodium polyacrylate resin powder. Because not all superabsorbent resin powders can achieve the optimal ejection effect, there are obvious differences in the water absorption mixing and state transformation effects among various superabsorbent resin powders. When the superabsorbent resin powder after absorbing water is sprayed onto the ignition point, the fire extinguishing effects are different. The indexes such as the water absorption rate, water absorption multiple, viscosity, and density of the sodium polyacrylate resin powder are very compatible with the fire-fighting device and the mixing method of the present invention, and can achieve excellent fire extinguishing effects.

[0054] In addition, other types of fire extinguishing agent powders can also be selected, such as water-soluble powder fire extinguishing agents. Some documents mention sodium alginate, soluble calcium salts, etc. However, according to the test results, the powder with a faster dissolution rate in water has a relatively better mixing effect. In fact, for the fire-fighting device of the present invention, almost all types of powder fire extinguishing agents can be theoretically used. However, in terms of the mixing effect alone, the present invention is not necessarily superior to the prior art. However, the present invention is not actually designed only to solve the mixing effect problem. The core of the present invention is to minimize the influence of water flow on the powder pipeline under a certain structure. Many powder fire extinguishing agents use an internal powder and external water mixing jet structure during use. Some need to be pre-mixed in a special container or pipeline of a fire truck and then ejected, and some powder spraying pipes are even directly inserted into the water spraying pipe, which is likely to cause residual water to enter the powder pipeline, resulting in pollution and blockage. With the design of the present invention, although it is still external water and internal powder, the relative positions of the powder spraying port and the water spraying port are optimized and adjusted, and the mixing position of the water flow and the powder is optimized, which can solve the problem of residual water flowing back into the pipeline. The subsequent cleaning work will be relatively simple, with less pollution and corrosion, and beneficial technical effects are also obtained.

[0055] Reference Figures 6 - 9 , the axial distance A between the powder spraying port 4 of the powder spraying nozzle 2 and the water spraying port 3 of the water spraying nozzle 1 is not greater than 15 cm. The water spraying nozzle 1 has an independent spraying pipeline 9 relative to the powder spraying nozzle 2. A water isolation space 12 is provided between the pipe walls of the water spraying nozzle 1 and the powder spraying nozzle 2. The water spraying nozzle 1 further includes an outer sleeve pipe 10 provided at the front part, and the powder spraying port 4 of the powder spraying nozzle 2 is arranged in front of the nozzle opening of the outer sleeve pipe 10.

[0056] The water spraying nozzle 1 and the powder spraying nozzle 2 are integrally arranged. The water spraying nozzle 1 and the powder spraying nozzle 2 generally refer to the parts of the water spraying device and the powder spraying device close to the water spraying port 3 and the powder spraying port 4. Reference Figures 6 - 9 , the water spraying nozzle 1 and the powder spraying nozzle 2 are integrated on an independent structure, and only two independent spraying pipelines need to be cut out. The specific shapes of the water spraying pipe 3 and the powder spraying pipe 4 can be relatively flexible, the open area can also be adjusted according to needs, and the shape of the ejected water column can also be a hollow water column or other suitable shapes. The structure of the whole system is very simple, the volume is reduced, the appearance is beautiful, and the equipment is not easy to be damaged during training, handling and fire extinguishing.

[0057] Under normal circumstances, the distance between the powder spraying port 4 and the water spraying port 3 is not too long, for example, exceeding 15 cm. However, due to the low density and small particles of some fire extinguishing agent powders, the dispersion effect is stronger under the action of high-pressure gas. When the distance A is relatively long, an extension pipe 11 can be set at the powder spraying port 4 to enclose a part of the area outside the powder spraying port 4, which is of great significance for avoiding water splashing and backflow. Especially by setting a water isolation space 12 between the extension pipe 11 and the inner wall of the water spraying nozzle 1, or between the powder spraying nozzle 2 and the inner wall of the water spraying nozzle 1, the possibility of water flowing into the periphery of the powder spraying port 4 can be effectively reduced. Of course, the so-called setting here does not only refer to being composed of a specific physical structure, but can also be a certain design of the water channel, allowing the water column to be ejected in a certain shape or form, such as spraying along the outer pipe wall. At this time, a water isolation space 12 will be naturally formed between the nozzles, making the spray ports far away from each other. In addition, the water isolation space also takes into account the actual working process of the high-pressure water cannon. The use angle of the water cannon is generally obliquely upward. When the valve of the high-pressure water cannon is just opened, there is a process for the valve to open, and there is no residual water in the pipeline, so the high-pressure water column cannot be formed instantaneously at the beginning, but gradually strengthens from weak to strong. This process usually causes the water flow inside the water cannon to directly flow to the lower part of the water spraying nozzle 1. In addition, when the high-pressure water cannon just finishes spraying, the valve needs to be gradually closed. During the process of valve closing, the pressure and water volume in the pipeline gradually decrease. Until the finally ejected water column drops directly due to insufficient pressure, this part of the water flow will directly fall onto the inner side of the wall of the water spraying nozzle 1. If the water flow can directly flow along the pipe wall to the powder spraying port 4, it will inevitably cause the blockage of the powder spraying port 4. And we have designed the water isolation space 12 here. Most of the water flow that drops due to insufficient pressure can flow along the pipe wall into the water isolation space 12, basically solving the above problems. Because the actual amount of water flowing into the inside of the water spraying nozzle 1 is not very large, only forming a water-absorbing gel to block the powder spraying port 4, so as long as the water is reasonably discharged or temporarily stored, the situation of blocked nozzle will not occur. Here, the discharge method of the water flow entering the inside of the water spraying nozzle 1 can be flexibly selected, such as directly setting a drain hole under the water spraying nozzle 1.

[0058] The water spraying nozzle 1 is part of a fire water cannon, a fire hose or a fire water gun and is connected to the water spraying pipe 5, and can spray high-pressure water flow or water mist. Refer to Figure 5It can be seen that the fire-fighting device of the present invention can actually be transformed from the vast majority of existing hybrid jet fire-fighting devices. No matter what kind of water cannon or water gun it was originally, as long as the nested relationship between the positions of the powder spraying pipe and the powder spraying nozzle is modified to a certain extent, the fire-fighting device of this patent can be obtained. This is also a great contribution of the present invention. Instead of simply abandoning a large number of existing fire-fighting devices, it selects the best pipeline configuration method among the existing fire-fighting devices according to the characteristics of the powder fire extinguishing agent, changes the powder spraying port from being roughly arranged near the same plane as the water spraying port to being arranged at a certain distance in front of the water spraying port, so that when using sodium polyacrylate resin powder as the fire extinguishing agent, its maximum efficiency is exerted, and the cost of the whole system is reduced to the greatest extent.

[0059] Reference Figure 5 , the powder spraying nozzle 2 is connected to the powder spraying pipe 6, the powder spraying pipe 6 is connected to the powder storage tank 7, and the powder storage tank 7 is connected to the high-pressure gas source 8. This is also the configuration of the conventional powder spraying device of the hybrid jet device. Of course, directly connecting to other types of powder supply devices does not affect the effect of the present invention. The core is that the fire extinguishing agent sprayed by the powder spraying device can be sprayed towards the water column, and the water splashes splashed by the water spraying port 3 do not enter the powder spraying port 4.

[0060] The present invention also provides a method for jet mixing of powder fire extinguishing agent and water. The fire extinguishing agent powder is sprayed out from the powder spraying port 4 of the powder spraying nozzle 2 arranged in front of the water spraying port 3 of the water spraying nozzle 1, and the water flow sprayed out from the water spraying port 3 of the water spraying nozzle 1 surrounding the outside of the powder spraying nozzle 2 is mixed with the fire extinguishing agent powder in the air outside the powder spraying nozzle 2. The fire extinguishing agent powder is sodium polyacrylate resin powder. The water column sprayed out by the water spraying nozzle 1 is sprayed out in a hollow state and converges at a certain distance in front of the fire-fighting device.

[0061] The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that it solves the technical bottleneck in the prior art of using powders such as sodium polyacrylate resin powder as fire extinguishing agents, enabling powder fire extinguishing agents such as sodium polyacrylate resin to be smoothly and continuously sprayed into the fire field without clogging the powder spraying port or causing pipeline pollution.

[0062] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire-fighting device with an extended powder spraying port, comprising a water spray nozzle (1) and a powder spray nozzle (2). The water spray nozzle (1) is disposed around the outside of the powder spray nozzle (2), and the powder spraying port (4) of the powder spray nozzle (2) is arranged in front of the water spraying port (3) of the water spray nozzle (1). The fire extinguishing agent powder ejected from the powder spray nozzle (2) is mixed with the water flow ejected from the water spray nozzle (1) in the air outside the fire-fighting device. The water spray nozzle (1) has an independent spray pipe (9) relative to the powder spray nozzle (2).

2. The fire-fighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the powder spray nozzle (2) includes a detachable extension pipe (11) provided at the front part.

3. The fire-fighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fire extinguishing agent powder is sodium polyacrylate resin powder.

4. The fire-fighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial distance A between the powder spraying port (4) of the powder spray nozzle (2) and the water spraying port (3) of the water spray nozzle (1) is not greater than 15 cm.

5. The fire-fighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that a water isolation space (12) is provided between the pipe walls of the water spray nozzle (1) and the powder spray nozzle (2).

6. The fire-fighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the water spray nozzle (1) further includes an outer sleeve pipe (10) provided at the front part, and the powder spraying port (4) of the powder spray nozzle (2) is arranged in front of the pipe orifice of the outer sleeve pipe (10).

7. The fire-fighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the water spray nozzle (1) is connected to a water spray pipe (5) and can eject high-pressure water flow or water mist. The powder spray nozzle (2) is connected to a powder spray pipe (6), the powder spray pipe (6) is connected to a powder storage tank (7), and the powder storage tank (7) is connected to a high-pressure gas source (8).

8. A method for spraying and mixing a powder fire extinguishing agent and water, characterized in that the powder fire extinguishing agent and water are sprayed and mixed by using the fire-fighting device with an extended powder spraying port according to any one of claims 1-7; the fire extinguishing agent powder is ejected from the powder spraying port (4) of the powder spray nozzle (2) arranged in front of the water spraying port (3) of the water spray nozzle (1), and the water flow ejected from the water spraying port (3) of the water spray nozzle (1) disposed around the outside of the powder spray nozzle (2) is mixed with the fire extinguishing agent powder in the air outside the powder spray nozzle (2).

9. The mixing method according to claim 8, characterized in that the fire extinguishing agent powder is sodium polyacrylate resin powder.

10. The mixing method according to claim 8, characterized in that the water column ejected from the water spray nozzle (1) is ejected in a hollow state and converges at a certain distance in front of the fire-fighting device.

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