Fire extinguishing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing device. The fire extinguishing device includes a fire extinguishing container and a multi-stage explosion relief structure. The fire extinguishing container has a cavity, and an aerosol fire extinguishing agent is provided in the cavity. Each stage of the explosion relief structure includes an explosion relief opening provided on the fire extinguishing container and an explosion relief member provided at the explosion relief opening. When the pressure in the cavity reaches the explosion relief pressure, the fire extinguishing substance is ejected out of the cavity through the explosion relief member. Among them, the explosion relief pressures of the multi-stage explosion relief structure increase in sequence. For the above-mentioned fire extinguishing device, in extreme cases, when the pressure in the cavity cannot be relieved through one or more of the above-mentioned stages of the explosion relief structure, the fire extinguishing substance accumulated in the cavity increases. When the pressure in the cavity reaches the explosion relief pressure of the explosion relief structure of other stages except the above-mentioned one or more stages, the fire extinguishing substance is ejected out of the cavity through the explosion relief member of the explosion relief structure of the other stages, so that the pressure in the cavity can be effectively guided and timely released.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire-fighting equipment, particularly a fire-extinguishing device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the national economy and the continuous improvement of people's awareness of livelihood safety, fire-fighting and extinguishing equipment has been widely used, and fire-fighting facilities and fire-extinguishing devices are also configured in many occasions.

[0003] The combustion speed of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing device is fast, which causes the instantaneous pressure inside the fire extinguishing device to increase. Traditional fire extinguishing devices cannot discharge the instantaneous pressure in time, and are prone to explosion, resulting in safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a relatively safe fire extinguishing device for the problem that traditional fire extinguishing devices are prone to safety accidents.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a fire extinguishing device, including:

[0006] A fire extinguishing container, the fire extinguishing container having a cavity, an aerosol fire extinguishing agent being provided in the cavity, and the aerosol fire extinguishing agent burning to generate a fire extinguishing substance; and

[0007] A multi-stage explosion relief structure, each stage of the explosion relief structure including an explosion relief opening provided on the fire extinguishing container and an explosion relief member provided at the explosion relief opening. When the pressure in the cavity reaches the explosion relief pressure, the fire extinguishing substance sprays out of the cavity through the explosion relief member. Among them, the explosion relief pressures of the multi-stage explosion relief structures increase in sequence.

[0008] For the above-mentioned fire extinguishing device, if the aerosol fire extinguishing agent explodes and burns, the instantaneous pressure inside the cavity increases sharply. In extreme cases, when the pressure in the cavity cannot be relieved by one or more of the explosion relief structures, the amount of the fire extinguishing substance accumulated in the cavity increases, and the pressure in the cavity increases. When the pressure in the cavity reaches the explosion relief pressure of the other explosion relief structures except the above-mentioned one or more stages, the fire extinguishing substance sprays out of the cavity through the explosion relief members of the other explosion relief structures, so that the pressure in the cavity can be effectively guided and released in time, and further the explosion of the fire extinguishing device can be avoided, and safety accidents can be avoided.

[0009] In one embodiment, the multi-stage explosion relief structure at least includes: a first-stage explosion relief structure and a second-stage explosion relief structure, and the explosion relief pressure of the second-stage explosion relief structure is greater than that of the first-stage explosion relief structure.

[0010] In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing container includes a base and a cover. The base and the cover enclose the cavity. One end of the base is hinged to one end of the cover, and the other end of the base is detachably and fixedly connected to the other end of the cover, so that the base and the cover can be opened and closed relative to each other. The explosion vent is provided on the base and / or the cover.

[0011] In one embodiment, the other end of the base is snap-connected or connected by a threaded connector to the other end of the cover.

[0012] In one embodiment, the explosion venting member includes a pressure-retaining state and a pressure-relieving state. In the pressure-retaining state, the fire extinguishing substance accumulates in the cavity; in the pressure-relieving state, the fire extinguishing substance erupts outwards through the explosion venting member. The explosion venting member is configured to change from the pressure-retaining state to the eruption state when the pressure in the cavity reaches the explosion venting pressure.

[0013] In one embodiment, any level of the explosion venting member is a sticker, a pressure relief valve, a pressure relief diaphragm or an aluminum film.

[0014] In one embodiment, the explosion venting members of at least two levels of the explosion venting structure are all aluminum films, and the thicknesses of the aluminum films of at least two levels of the explosion venting structure increase in sequence.

[0015] In one embodiment, the aerosol fire extinguishing agent is in the form of powder, granules, flakes or blocks, or any combination thereof.

[0016] In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing device further includes a starting component. One end of the starting component extends into the cavity to ignite the aerosol fire extinguishing agent.

[0017] In one embodiment, the starting component is a thermal fuse. One end of the thermal fuse is located inside the cavity, and the other end is located outside the cavity; or, the starting component is an electric initiator, and one end of the electric initiator is located inside the cavity.

[0018] In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing device further includes a detector and a controller. The detector is used to detect a fire and send a fire signal to the controller, and the controller is used to control the electric initiator to ignite the aerosol fire extinguishing agent.

[0019] In one embodiment, the detector is a heat detector, a smoke detector or a combustible gas detector. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fire extinguishing device in one embodiment when it is opened;

[0021] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a left view of the fire extinguishing device in when it is closed;

[0022] Figure 3 For Figure 1 The top view when the fire extinguishing device in Specific embodiments

[0023] For ease of understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the relevant drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

[0024] It should be noted that when a part is referred to as being "fixed to" another part, it can be directly on the other part or there can be an intermediate part. When a part is considered to be "connected" to another part, it can be directly connected to the other part or there may be an intermediate part at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this invention belongs. The terms used herein in the description of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , an embodiment of the present application provides a fire extinguishing device 100. The fire extinguishing device 100 includes a fire extinguishing container, a starting component 120, and a multi-stage explosion relief structure.

[0027] The fire extinguishing container has a cavity 101, and an aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130 is provided in the cavity 101. The aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130 burns to generate fire extinguishing substances. Each stage of the explosion relief structure includes an explosion relief port and an explosion relief component. The explosion relief port is provided on the fire extinguishing container. The explosion relief component is disposed at the explosion relief port. When the pressure in the cavity 101 reaches the explosion relief pressure, the fire extinguishing substances are ejected out of the cavity 101 through the explosion relief component. Among them, the explosion relief pressures of the multi-stage explosion relief structure increase in sequence.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment, the fire extinguishing container includes a base 111 and a cover 112. The base 111 and the cover 112 enclose the cavity 101. The explosion relief port is provided on the base 111 and / or the cover 112.

[0029] The aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130 is ignited by the starting component 120. The aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130 burns to generate inert gas and metal particles. The inert gas and metal particles are ejected through the explosion vent. The metal particles capture free radicals to block the chain combustion reaction for fire extinguishing, and the inert gas achieves an auxiliary fire extinguishing effect.

[0030] The multi-stage explosion vent structure includes at least two stages of explosion vent structures. In this embodiment, the multi-stage explosion vent structure includes a first-stage explosion vent structure and a second-stage explosion vent structure. The first-stage explosion vent structure includes a first-stage explosion vent 141 and a first-stage explosion vent component 142. As Figure 2 shown, the first-stage explosion vent component 142 is disposed at the first-stage explosion vent 141. The first-stage explosion vent 141 is provided at the joint of the base 111 and the cover 112. As Figure 3 shown, the second-stage explosion vent structure includes a second-stage explosion vent 151 and a second-stage explosion vent component 152. The second-stage explosion vent component 152 is disposed at the second-stage explosion vent 151. The second-stage explosion vent 151 is provided on the surface of the cover 112 opposite to the base 111. The number of explosion vents in each stage can be one or multiple.

[0031] Specifically, the explosion vent pressure of the second-stage explosion vent structure is greater than that of the first-stage explosion vent structure. Since the aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130 burns rapidly, a large amount of fire extinguishing substances are generated after the aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130 burns, causing the instantaneous pressure inside the cavity 101 to increase sharply. In extreme cases, when the pressure inside the cavity 101 cannot be vented through the first-stage explosion vent structure, the fire extinguishing substances accumulated inside the cavity 101 increase, and the pressure inside the cavity 101 increases. When the pressure inside the cavity 101 reaches the explosion vent pressure of the second-stage explosion vent structure, the fire extinguishing substances are ejected out of the cavity 101 through the second-stage explosion vent component 152, so that the pressure inside the cavity 101 can be released in a timely and safe manner, and further the explosion of the fire extinguishing device 100 can be avoided and safety accidents can be avoided. It can be understood that the first-stage explosion vent 141 can also be provided on the surface of the cover 112 opposite to the base 111. The second-stage explosion vent 151 can also be provided at the joint of the base 111 and the cover 112.

[0032] In one embodiment, the third-stage explosion vent structure includes a third-stage explosion vent (not shown) and a third-stage explosion vent component (not shown). The third-stage explosion vent is provided at the joint of the base 111 and the cover 112. The third-stage explosion vent is opposite to the first-stage explosion vent 141.

[0033] Specifically, the explosion venting pressure of the third-stage explosion venting structure is greater than that of the second-stage explosion venting structure. In extreme cases, when the pressure inside the cavity 101 cannot be vented through the first-stage and second-stage explosion venting structures, the fire extinguishing substances accumulated inside the cavity 101 increase, and the pressure inside the cavity 101 rises. When the pressure inside the cavity 101 reaches the explosion venting pressure of the third-stage explosion venting structure, the fire extinguishing substances are ejected out of the cavity 101 through the third-stage explosion venting component, so that the pressure inside the cavity 101 can be safely released in a timely manner, and thus the explosion of the fire extinguishing device 100 can be avoided, and safety accidents can be avoided. It can be understood that the third-stage explosion vent can also be provided on the cover body 112 or the base 111.

[0034] It can be understood that the multi-stage explosion venting structure can also include a fourth-stage explosion venting structure, a fifth-stage explosion venting structure, etc.

[0035] For the above-mentioned fire extinguishing device 100, if the aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130 deflagrates, the instantaneous pressure inside the cavity 101 increases sharply. In extreme cases, when the pressure inside the cavity 101 cannot be vented through one or more of the explosion venting structures, the fire extinguishing substances accumulated inside the cavity 101 increase, and the pressure inside the cavity 101 rises. When the pressure inside the cavity 101 reaches the explosion venting pressure of the other explosion venting structures except for the above-mentioned one or more stages, the fire extinguishing substances are ejected out of the cavity 101 through the explosion venting components of the other explosion venting structures, so that the pressure inside the cavity 101 can be effectively guided and released in a timely manner, and thus the explosion of the fire extinguishing device 100 can be avoided, and safety accidents can be avoided.

[0036] In this embodiment, the aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130 is in the form of powder, granule, sheet or block, or any combination thereof. It should be understood that when the aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130 is in the form of powder, granule, sheet or block, the specific surface area per unit mass of the aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130 increases or the density per unit volume decreases. Therefore, once the aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130 is ignited, the combustion will spread rapidly and a large amount of fire extinguishing substances will be instantaneously released in the form of deflagration, improving the spraying speed and achieving a better fire extinguishing effect.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 , in one embodiment, one end of the base 111 is hinged to one end of the cover body 112, and the other end of the base 111 is detachably fixedly connected to the other end of the cover body 112, so that the base 111 and the cover body 112 can be opened and closed relative to each other.

[0038] Specifically, the other end of the base 111 and the other end of the cover body 112 can be connected by a buckle, or can also be connected by a threaded connector 160. In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing device 100 further includes a threaded connector 160. The threaded connector 160 can be a screw, a bolt, etc.

[0039] If the instantaneous pressure inside the cavity 101 increases sharply, in extreme cases, the pressure inside the cavity 101 cannot be vented in time through the above multi-stage pressure relief structure. The amount of fire extinguishing substance accumulated inside the cavity 101 increases, and the pressure inside the cavity 101 increases, causing one end of the base 111 and one end of the cover 112 to separate from the threaded connector 160, so that the base 111 and the cover 112 are opened relatively. Since the other end of the base 111 and the other end of the cover 112 are connected by a hinge, when the base 111 and the cover 112 are opened relatively, the base 111 and the cover 112 will not be thrown out, thereby avoiding damage to other devices or personnel.

[0040] In one embodiment, the pressure relief member includes a pressure buildup state and a pressure relief state. In the pressure buildup state, the fire extinguishing substance accumulates inside the cavity 101. In the pressure relief state, the fire extinguishing substance erupts outward through the pressure relief member. The pressure relief member is configured to change from the pressure buildup state to the pressure relief state when the pressure inside the cavity 101 reaches the pressure relief pressure.

[0041] Specifically, when the pressure relief member is in the pressure buildup state, the fire extinguishing substance accumulates inside the cavity 101. When the pressure relief member is in the pressure relief state, the fire extinguishing substance erupts outward through the pressure relief member. When the aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130 burns to produce the fire extinguishing substance, the pressure relief member can be made to be in the pressure buildup state, so that the fire extinguishing substance accumulates inside the cavity 101, thereby increasing the pressure inside the cavity 101, which is beneficial to increasing the eruption pressure when the pressure relief member is in the pressure relief state, thereby improving the fire extinguishing speed and fire extinguishing effect.

[0042] The pressure relief member is configured to change from the pressure buildup state to the pressure relief state when the pressure inside the cavity 101 reaches the pressure relief pressure. When the fire extinguishing substance accumulates inside the cavity 101, the pressure inside the cavity 101 increases. When the pressure inside the cavity 101 reaches the pressure relief pressure, the pressure relief member is triggered to change from the pressure buildup state to the pressure relief state, and the fire extinguishing substance is ejected. The pressure relief member is directly triggered by the pressure inside the cavity 101, with a simple structure and rapid response.

[0043] Optionally, the pressure relief member of any stage of the pressure relief structure can be a sticker, a pressure relief diaphragm, an aluminum film, a pressure relief valve, etc.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first-stage pressure relief member 142 is a sticker, such as a plastic sticker or a tape. Scratches can be provided on the sticker. The sticker is hermetically arranged at the first-stage pressure relief port 141 (i.e., the above pressure buildup state). When the pressure inside the cavity 101 reaches the pressure relief pressure of the first-stage pressure relief structure, the sticker ruptures under the pressure (i.e., the above pressure relief state), and the fire extinguishing substance inside the cavity 101 erupts outward through the rupture of the sticker.

[0045] The second - stage explosion - venting component 152 is an aluminum film. The aluminum film is hermetically arranged at the second - stage explosion - venting opening 151 (i.e., the above - mentioned pressure - holding state). When the pressure in the cavity 101 reaches the explosion - venting pressure of the second - stage explosion - venting structure, the aluminum film ruptures under the pressure (i.e., the above - mentioned pressure - relieving state), and the fire - extinguishing substance in the cavity 101 erupts outward through the rupture of the aluminum film.

[0046] Obviously, the pressure - bearing capacity of the aluminum film is greater than that of the sticker, especially greater than that of the sticker with scratches. Thus, the fire - extinguishing substance in the cavity 101 requires a greater pressure to break through the aluminum film than to break through the sticker. Furthermore, the explosion - venting pressure of the second - stage explosion - venting structure is greater than that of the first - stage explosion - venting structure. In an extreme case, when the pressure in the cavity 101 cannot be vented through the first - stage explosion - venting structure, the fire - extinguishing substance accumulated in the cavity 101 increases, and the pressure in the cavity 101 increases. When the pressure in the cavity 101 reaches the explosion - venting pressure of the second - stage explosion - venting structure, the fire - extinguishing substance sprays out of the cavity 101 through the second - stage explosion - venting component 152, so that the pressure in the cavity 101 can be released in time, and thus the explosion of the fire - extinguishing device 100 can be avoided, and safety accidents can be avoided.

[0047] In one embodiment, the explosion - venting components of at least two - stage explosion - venting structures are all aluminum films. The thicknesses of the aluminum films for explosion - venting of the at least two - stage explosion - venting structures increase in sequence. Specifically, in this embodiment, the explosion - venting components of the third - stage explosion - venting structure and the second - stage explosion - venting structure are both aluminum films. The thickness of the aluminum film of the third - stage explosion - venting structure is greater than that of the aluminum film of the second - stage explosion - venting structure. Thus, the fire - extinguishing substance in the cavity 101 requires a greater pressure to break through the aluminum film of the third - stage explosion - venting structure than to break through the aluminum film of the second - stage explosion - venting structure. Furthermore, the explosion - venting pressure of the third - stage explosion - venting structure is greater than that of the second - stage explosion - venting structure. In an extreme case, when the pressure in the cavity 101 cannot be vented through the first - stage explosion - venting structure and the second - stage explosion - venting structure, the fire - extinguishing substance accumulated in the cavity 101 increases, and the pressure in the cavity 101 increases. When the pressure in the cavity 101 reaches the explosion - venting pressure of the third - stage explosion - venting structure, the fire - extinguishing substance sprays out of the cavity 101 through the third - stage explosion - venting component, so that the pressure in the cavity 101 can be released in time.

[0048] It can be understood that the explosion - venting component of any stage of the explosion - venting structure can adopt a pressure - relief diaphragm, an aluminum film, a pressure - relief valve, etc.

[0049] In one embodiment, when the explosion - venting component adopts a pressure - relief valve, the pressure - relief valve is hermetically installed at the explosion - venting opening. When the pressure in the cavity 101 is less than the explosion - venting pressure, the pressure - relief valve is closed (i.e., the above - mentioned pressure - holding state). When the pressure in the cavity 101 is greater than or equal to the explosion - venting pressure, the pressure - relief valve is opened (i.e., the above - mentioned pressure - relieving state), and the fire - extinguishing substance in the cavity 101 erupts outward through the pressure - relief valve.

[0050] In one embodiment, the pressure relief valve includes a pressure relief cover that can be moved under the pressure in the cavity 101. The pressure relief cover has an initial position and a pressure relief position. When the pressure relief cover is in the initial position, the pressure relief cover seals the explosion vent. At this time, the pressure relief valve is in a pressure holding state. When the pressure in the cavity 101 reaches the explosion pressure, the pressure relief cover is pushed to the pressure relief position, so that the explosion vent is opened, and the fire extinguishing substance in the cavity 101 erupts outwards from the explosion vent. At this time, the pressure relief valve is in a pressure relief state.

[0051] Specifically, the pressure relief valve may include a connecting portion. The connecting portion is fixedly connected to the pressure relief cover. The connecting portion is slidably connected to the inner wall of the explosion vent. There is a certain frictional force between the connecting portion and the inner wall of the explosion vent. Thus, when the pressure in the cavity 101 is less than the preset value, it is not enough to overcome the frictional force between the connecting portion and the inner wall of the explosion vent, and the pressure relief cover remains sealed to the explosion vent, and the pressure relief valve is in a pressure holding state. When the pressure in the cavity 101 reaches the explosion pressure, the pressure in the cavity 101 overcomes the frictional force between the connecting portion and the inner wall of the explosion vent, and pushes the pressure relief cover to move to the pressure relief position.

[0052] It should be noted that the pressure relief valve may also be other relatively mature existing technologies, which will not be elaborated here.

[0053] In one embodiment, when the explosion vent member is a pressure relief diaphragm, the pressure relief diaphragm is sealingly disposed at the explosion vent (i.e., the above-mentioned pressure holding state). When the pressure in the cavity 101 reaches the explosion pressure, the pressure relief diaphragm ruptures (i.e., the above-mentioned pressure relief state). Further, at least one indentation is formed on the pressure relief diaphragm, and when the pressure in the cavity 101 reaches the preset value, the pressure relief diaphragm ruptures along the indentation, and the fire extinguishing substance in the cavity 101 erupts outwards through the rupture of the pressure relief diaphragm.

[0054] In one embodiment, the activation component 120 is a thermal wire. One end of the thermal wire extends into the cavity 101, and the other end is located outside the cavity 101.

[0055] Specifically, since one end of the thermal wire extends into the cavity 101 and the other end is located outside the cavity 101. The aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130 can be ignited by igniting the thermal wire, which is convenient for igniting the aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130.

[0056] In another embodiment, the activation component 120 may also be an electric initiator. The fire extinguishing device 100 further includes a controller (not shown), a detector (not shown), and an electric initiator (not shown). The detector is used to detect a fire and send a fire signal to the controller. One end of the electric initiator extends into the cavity 101. The controller is used to control the electric initiator to ignite the aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130.

[0057] Specifically, the controller can be an industrial control computer, a PLC controller, an MCU controller, etc. The detector can be a heat detector. The heat detector can detect the occurrence of a fire by sensing the temperature. The fire signal is a temperature anomaly signal. When the heat detector senses a temperature anomaly, it sends the temperature anomaly signal to the controller, and the controller controls the electric initiator to start, so that the electric initiator ignites the aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130.

[0058] In other embodiments, the detector can also be a smoke detector. The smoke detector can detect the occurrence of a fire by sensing the smoke concentration. The fire signal is a smoke concentration anomaly signal. When the smoke detector senses a smoke concentration anomaly, it sends the smoke concentration anomaly signal to the controller, and the controller controls the electric initiator to start, so that the electric initiator ignites the aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130. The detector can also be a combustible gas detector. The smoke detector can detect the occurrence of a fire by sensing the concentration of combustible gas. The fire signal is a combustible gas concentration anomaly signal. When the combustible gas detector senses a combustible gas concentration anomaly, it sends the combustible gas concentration anomaly signal to the controller, and the controller controls the electric initiator to start, so that the electric initiator ignites the aerosol fire extinguishing agent 130.

[0059] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0060] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing device, characterized in that, Comprising: A fire extinguishing container having a cavity therein, with an aerosol fire extinguishing agent provided in the cavity, and the aerosol fire extinguishing agent burns to produce fire extinguishing substances; And A multi-stage explosion venting structure, each stage of the explosion venting structure including an explosion vent provided on the fire extinguishing container and an explosion venting member provided at the explosion vent. When the pressure in the cavity reaches the explosion venting pressure, the fire extinguishing substances are ejected out of the cavity through the explosion venting member. Among them, the explosion venting pressures of the multi-stage explosion venting structures increase sequentially; The fire extinguishing container includes a base and a cover, and the base and the cover enclose the cavity. One end of the base and one end of the cover are hinged, and the other end of the base and the other end of the cover are detachably fixedly connected by a threaded connector. So that when the pressure in the cavity increases, one end of the base and one end of the cover can be separated from the threaded connector, and thus the base and the cover are opened relatively; The multi-stage explosion venting structure at least includes: a first-stage explosion venting structure, a second-stage explosion venting structure, and a third-stage explosion venting structure. The explosion venting pressure of the second-stage explosion venting structure is greater than that of the first-stage explosion venting structure, and the explosion venting pressure of the third-stage explosion venting structure is greater than that of the second-stage explosion venting structure; The first-stage explosion venting structure includes a first-stage explosion vent, and the first-stage explosion vent is provided at the joint of the base and the cover; the third-stage explosion venting structure includes a third-stage explosion vent, and the third-stage explosion vent is provided at the joint of the base and the cover, and the third-stage explosion vent is opposite to the first-stage explosion vent.

2. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, wherein, The explosion vent is provided on the base and / or the cover.

3. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion venting member includes a pressure-holding state and a pressure-relieving state. In the pressure-holding state, the fire extinguishing substances accumulate in the cavity; in the pressure-relieving state, the fire extinguishing substances are ejected outwards through the explosion venting member; the explosion venting member is configured to change from the pressure-holding state to the ejection state when the pressure in the cavity reaches the explosion venting pressure.

4. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The explosion venting member of any stage is a sticker, a pressure relief valve, a pressure relief diaphragm or an aluminum film.

5. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The explosion venting members of at least two stages of the explosion venting structure are all aluminum films, and the thicknesses of the aluminum films of at least two stages of the explosion venting structure increase sequentially.

6. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aerosol fire extinguishing agent is in the form of powder, granules, flakes or blocks, or any combination thereof.

7. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes a starting component, and one end of the starting component extends into the cavity to ignite the aerosol fire extinguishing agent.

8. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The starting component is a thermal fuse, and one end of the thermal fuse is located in the cavity and the other end is located outside the cavity; or, the starting component is an electric initiator, and one end of the electric initiator is located in the cavity.

9. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing device further includes a detector and a controller. The detector is used to detect a fire and send a fire signal to the controller, and the controller is used to control the electric initiator to ignite the aerosol fire extinguishing agent.

10. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The detector is a heat detector, a smoke detector or a combustible gas detector.

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