A basin-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures and its installation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a basin-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures and an installation method thereof, wherein an upper pad is provided with an embedded part, a support body is arranged between the lower part of the upper pad and the upper part of a barrel core shell, and the lower part of the upper pad is connected to the upper part of the barrel core shell; the lower end of the barrel core shell has an opening and is arranged in the barrel core shell, and an embedded part is arranged at the lower end of the barrel core, and the embedded part extends from the opening at the lower end of the barrel core shell; a groove is arranged on the outer wall surface of the barrel core along the circumferential direction, and the barrel core is provided with a plurality of the grooves along its axial direction; a buckle is axially connected to the inner wall of the barrel core shell at a position corresponding to each of the grooves, and when the barrel core moves downward, the buckle can be opened by the barrel core and can make the barrel core move downward; when the barrel core moves upward, the buckle can extend into the groove on the barrel core and abut against the lower surface of the groove to prevent the barrel core from moving upward. The present invention can adjust the overall height of the support and avoid the phenomenon of support detachment or main beam torsion caused by uneven settlement of the foundation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of bridge engineering, and in particular to a pot-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Bridge bearings are important structural components that connect the superstructure and substructure of a bridge. They can reliably transmit the reaction force and deformation (displacement and rotation angle) of the superstructure of the bridge to the substructure of the bridge, so that the actual stress of the structure is consistent with the calculated theoretical diagram. According to the possibility of displacement, they are divided into fixed bearings and movable bearings: ① Fixed bearings transmit vertical and horizontal forces, allowing the superstructure to rotate freely at the bearing but not to move horizontally; ② Movable bearings only transmit vertical forces, allowing the superstructure to rotate freely and move horizontally at the bearing. Movable bearings can be divided into multi-directional movable bearings (freely movable in both longitudinal and transverse directions) and unidirectional movable bearings (freely rotating in only one direction). According to the material, they can be divided into simple bearing steel bearings, reinforced concrete bearings, rubber bearings and special bearings (such as shock-absorbing bearings, tension bearings, etc.).

[0003] In my country, ground fissures are widely distributed. In recent years, excessive exploitation of groundwater and coal mines has intensified the movement of ground fissures, leading to the continuous aggravation of ground fissure diseases. The soil around the ground fissures will undergo vertical settlement, horizontal tension and dislocation. The movement of the soil often causes damage to the structures above it or even collapses. As a transportation hub, bridges are sometimes restricted by geological conditions, line directions, and surrounding buildings, and they inevitably have to cross ground fissures. The ground fissure effect has a great influence on the bending resistance of bridges. When the settlement reaches a certain value, the deflection value of the main beam will exceed the limit specified in the specification, affecting the normal use of the bridge structure. When the oblique angle between the bridge structure and the ground fissure is less than 30 degrees, due to the different settlement of the same cross-section bridge to the pile foundation, it will cause a large torsional deformation of the bridge, which is not conducive to the stress of the bridge. In addition, due to the different degrees of settlement at the bridge piers, the bearings at the piers with relatively large settlement amplitudes will be emptied, destroying the stress form of the original structure. When the vehicle drives above the emptied part, the upper part of the bridge may overturn, causing a safety accident. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a support that can automatically adjust the height to adapt to the foundation settlement deformation in order to eliminate or reduce the adverse effects of ground fissures on the superstructure. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pot-type bearing with adaptive height for ground fissures and an installation method thereof. The present invention can adjust the overall height of the bearing to avoid bearing de-stuck or main beam torsion caused by uneven settlement of the foundation.

[0005] A basin-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures, comprising an upper pad, a barrel core shell, a barrel core, a buckle, an embedded part and a support body;

[0006] The upper part of the upper pad is provided with embedded parts, the support body is arranged between the lower part of the upper pad and the upper part of the barrel core shell, and the lower part of the upper pad is connected to the upper part of the barrel core shell;

[0007] The lower end of the barrel core shell has an opening, the barrel core is arranged in the barrel core shell, and the lower end of the barrel core is provided with an embedded part, which extends out from the opening at the lower end of the barrel core shell;

[0008] The outer wall surface of the barrel core is provided with grooves along the circumferential direction, and the barrel core is provided with a plurality of the grooves along its axial direction; the inner wall of the barrel core shell is axially connected with a buckle at a position corresponding to each of the grooves, and when the barrel core moves downward, the buckle can be opened by the barrel core and enable the barrel core to move downward; when the barrel core moves upward, the buckle can extend into the groove on the barrel core and abut against the lower surface of the groove, thereby preventing the barrel core from moving upward.

[0009] Preferably, the upper pad includes an end plate and a first limiting cylinder, the upper end of the first limiting cylinder is connected to the lower portion of the upper pad, and the lower end of the first limiting cylinder is provided with a first extending portion extending radially inward;

[0010] The upper part of the barrel core shell is inserted into the first limiting tube, and the part of the barrel core shell inserted into the first limiting tube is provided with a second extension part extending radially outward; the inner diameter of the first extension part is smaller than the outer diameter of the second extension part; a bolt is threadedly connected on the first extension part, and the upper end of the bolt abuts against the lower surface of the second extension part;

[0011] The upper end of the support body extends into the first limiting cylinder, the lower end of the support body is located at the inner circle of the second extension part, the upper end of the support body abuts against the end plate, and the lower end of the support body abuts against the barrel core shell.

[0012] Preferably, a gasket is provided between the first extension portion and the second extension portion, and the upper end of the bolt is rotatably connected to the gasket.

[0013] Preferably, the upper part of the barrel core shell is connected to a second limiting tube, the second extension portion is arranged at the upper end of the second limiting tube, and the lower end of the support body is arranged in the second limiting tube and abuts against the upper surface of the barrel core shell.

[0014] Preferably, the buckle includes a stop section, an arc section and an abutting section from top to bottom, the arc section is axially connected to the inner wall of the barrel core shell, and an elastic element in a compressed state is provided between the abutting section and the barrel core shell; wherein, when the abutting section extends into the groove of the barrel core and abuts against the lower surface of the groove, the stop section abuts against the inner wall of the barrel core shell, and the buckle stops rotating; the maximum opening radius of all the buckles corresponding to each groove is not less than the outer diameter of the barrel core.

[0015] Preferably, the support body includes a plurality of rubber layers and a plurality of steel plates, and the plurality of rubber layers and the plurality of steel plates are stacked and connected.

[0016] Preferably, the adaptive height basin-type support for ground fissures is a fixed basin-type support, the lower part of the upper pad of the fixed basin-type support is provided with a downwardly protruding columnar protrusion, and the upper part of the support body and the position corresponding to the columnar protrusion are provided with a columnar groove for the columnar protrusion to be embedded.

[0017] Preferably, the adaptive height basin-type support for ground fissures is a one-way movable basin-type support, the lower part of the upper pad of the one-way movable basin-type support is provided with a strip-shaped protrusion protruding downward, and the upper part of the support body is provided with a through groove for the strip-shaped protrusion to be embedded in a position corresponding to the strip-shaped protrusion.

[0018] Preferably, the adaptive height basin support for ground fissures is a bidirectional movable basin support, and the surface on the upper pad of the bidirectional movable basin support that contacts the support body and the surface on the support body that contacts the upper pad are both planes.

[0019] The installation method of the basin-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0020] The embedded parts at the lower end of the barrel core are fixedly connected to the lower bridge pier or cap beam;

[0021] The embedded parts on the upper pad are fixedly connected with the embedded steel bars of the upper beam;

[0022] The barrel core is arranged at the uppermost end of the barrel core shell, and the buckle extends into the groove on the barrel core and abuts against the lower surface of the groove.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The basin-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures of the present invention is provided with grooves along the circumferential direction on the outer wall surface of the barrel core, and the barrel core is provided with a plurality of said grooves along its axial direction, and the inner wall of the barrel core shell is axially connected with a buckle at the position corresponding to each said groove. When the bridge pier undergoes uneven settlement, the bridge pier moves downward relative to the beam body (that is, the barrel core moves downward relative to the barrel core shell at this time), and the lower part of the upper pad is connected to the upper part of the barrel core shell, so that the upper pad can prevent the barrel core shell from moving downward. At this time, the barrel core moves downward relative to the barrel core shell, and the buckle can be opened by the barrel core and can make the barrel core move downward. When the barrel core moves downward so that the buckle reaches the next groove, the buckle rotates to the initial state and enters the next groove, realizing the relative movement of the barrel core and the barrel core shell, that is, the support performs vertical height adjustment. When the barrel core moves downward a certain distance relative to the barrel core shell, the barrel core no longer moves downward, and the buckle can extend into the groove on the barrel core. When the barrel core shell (i.e., the beam body) is forced to move downward, the buckle can be against the lower surface of the groove and prevent the barrel core from moving upward relative to the barrel core. At this time, the barrel core and the barrel core shell are in a normal connection state and can carry loads normally. In summary, the basin-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures of the present invention can adjust the overall height of the support to avoid the support being emptied or the main beam being twisted due to uneven settlement of the foundation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG. 1( a ) is a first overall view of a pot-type support with an adaptive height for ground fissures according to the present invention; FIG. 1( b ) is a second overall view of a pot-type support with an adaptive height for ground fissures according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a pot-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures of the present invention;

[0027] FIG3 (a) is a first partial detailed view of a section of a basin-type support with an adaptive height for ground fissures according to the present invention; FIG3 (b) is a second partial detailed view of a section of a basin-type support with an adaptive height for ground fissures according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the pot-type support structure with adaptive height for ground fissures of the present invention;

[0029] FIG5( a ) is a first structural diagram of the upper pad of the present invention; FIG5( b ) is a second structural diagram of the upper pad of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the combined structure of the rubber layer and the steel plate of the present invention;

[0031] FIG7 (a) is a first structural diagram of the barrel core shell of the present invention; FIG7 (b) is a second structural diagram of the barrel core shell of the present invention; FIG7 (c) is a cross-sectional diagram of the barrel core shell of the present invention; FIG7 (d) is a partial detailed cross-sectional diagram of the barrel core shell of the present invention;

[0032] FIG8 (a) is a first structural diagram of the barrel core of the present invention; FIG8 (b) is a second structural diagram of the barrel core of the present invention; FIG8 (c) is a first vertical cross-sectional diagram of the barrel core of the present invention; FIG8 (d) is a second vertical cross-sectional diagram of the barrel core of the present invention; FIG8 (e) is a first horizontal cross-sectional diagram of the barrel core of the present invention; FIG8 (f) is a second horizontal cross-sectional diagram of the barrel core of the present invention;

[0033] FIG9 (a) is a first structural diagram of a bidirectional movable support according to the present invention; FIG9 (b) is a second structural diagram of a bidirectional movable support according to the present invention; and FIG9 (c) is a third structural diagram of a bidirectional movable support according to the present invention;

[0034] FIG10( a ) is a first structural diagram of a one-way movable support according to the present invention; FIG10( b ) is a second structural diagram of a one-way movable support according to the present invention; FIG10( c ) is a third structural diagram of a one-way movable support according to the present invention;

[0035] FIG. 11( a ) is a first structural diagram of a fixed support according to the present invention; FIG. 11( b ) is a second structural diagram of a fixed support according to the present invention; and FIG. 11( c ) is a third structural diagram of a fixed support according to the present invention.

[0036] In the figure, 1-upper pad, 1-1-first limiting cylinder, 1-2-first extension, 1-3-end plate, 1-4-columnar protrusion, 1-5-strip protrusion, 2-barrel core shell, 2-1-third extension, 2-2-second limiting cylinder, 2-3-second extension, 3-barrel core, 3-1-groove, 4-clip, 4-1-stop section, 4-2-arc section, 4-3-counteracting section, 5-spring, 6-gasket, 7-bolt, 8-embedded steel bar, 9-rubber layer, 9-1-columnar groove, 9-2-through groove, 10-steel plate, 11-screw hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] Refer to Figure 1 (a), Figure 1 (b), Figure 2, Figure 3 (b), Figure 7 (b), Figure 7 (c), Figure 8 (a) to Figure 8 (f), Figure 9 (a), Figure 10 (a) and Figure 11 (a), the basin-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures of the present invention comprises an upper pad 1, a barrel core shell 2, a barrel core 3, a buckle 4, an embedded part and a support body; the upper part of the upper pad 1 is provided with an embedded part, the support body is arranged between the lower part of the upper pad 1 and the upper part of the barrel core shell 2, and the lower part of the upper pad 1 is connected to the upper part of the barrel core shell 2; the lower end of the barrel core shell 2 has an opening, and the barrel core 3 is arranged in the barrel core shell 2 The lower end of the barrel core 3 is provided with an embedded part, which extends from the opening at the lower end of the barrel core shell 2; the outer wall surface of the barrel core 3 is provided with a groove 3-1 along the circumferential direction, and the barrel core 3 is provided with a plurality of said grooves 3-1 along its axial direction; the inner wall of the barrel core shell 2 is axially connected with a buckle 4 at the position corresponding to each said groove 3-1, when the barrel core 3 moves downward, the buckle 4 can be opened by the barrel core 3 and can make the barrel core 3 move downward; when the barrel core 3 moves upward, the buckle 4 can extend into the groove 3-1 on the barrel core 3 and abut against the lower surface of the groove 3-1, which can prevent the barrel core 3 from moving upward.

[0039] The present invention is an extendable support, which can cope with uneven foundation settlement, prevent the support from being emptied, and improve the stability of the structure; it can also limit the maximum relative displacement of the upper and lower parts, and has a certain anti-overturning effect; it can also save the support pad stone at the lower part; and it can be used as a fixed, unidirectional or bidirectional support.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 (a), Figure 5 (b), Figure 7 (a) to Figure 7 (c), Figure 9 (a), Figure 10 (a) and Figure 11 (a), the upper pad 1 includes an end plate 1-3 and a first limiting tube 1-1, the upper end of the first limiting tube 1-1 is connected to the lower part of the upper pad 1, and the lower end of the first limiting tube 1-1 is provided with a first extension portion 1-2 extending radially inward; the upper part of the barrel core shell 2 is inserted into the first limiting tube 1-1, and the barrel core shell 2 is inserted into the first limiting tube 1-1. A second extension portion 2-3 extending radially outward is provided; the inner diameter of the first extension portion 1-2 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second extension portion 2-3; a bolt 7 is threadedly connected to the first extension portion 1-2, and the upper end of the bolt 7 abuts against the lower surface of the second extension portion 2-3; the upper end of the support body extends into the first limiting tube 1-1, and the lower end of the support body is located in the inner circle of the second extension portion 2-3, the upper end of the support body abuts against the end plate 1-3, and the lower end of the support body abuts against the barrel core shell 2.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2, Figure 3 (a), Figure 5 (b), Figure 7 (a) to Figure 7 (c), Figure 9 (a), Figure 10 (a) and Figure 11 (a), the barrel core 3 includes a large diameter section and a small diameter section connected to the large diameter section, the large diameter section is located at the upper part of the small diameter section, and the lower end of the barrel core shell 2 is provided with a third extension portion (2-1) radially inwardly, and the inner diameter of the third extension portion (2-1) is larger than the diameter of the large diameter section and smaller than the diameter of the large diameter section.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3( a ), a gasket 6 is provided between the first extension portion 1 - 2 and the second extension portion 2 - 3 , and the upper end of the bolt 7 is rotatably connected to the gasket 6 .

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2, the upper part of the barrel core shell 2 is connected to the second limiting cylinder 2-2, the second extension part 2-3 is arranged at the upper end of the second limiting cylinder 2-2, and the lower end of the support body is arranged in the second limiting cylinder 2-2 and against the upper surface of the barrel core shell 2.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG3 (b), the buckle 4 includes a stop section 4-1, an arc section 4-2 and an abutting section 4-3 from top to bottom, the arc section 4-2 is axially connected to the inner wall of the barrel core shell 2, and an elastic element in a compressed state is provided between the abutting section 4-3 and the barrel core shell 2; wherein, when the abutting section 4-3 extends into the groove 3-1 of the barrel core 3 and abuts against the lower surface of the groove 3-1, the stop section 4-1 abuts against the inner wall of the barrel core shell 2, and the buckle 4 stops rotating; the maximum opening radius of all the buckles 4 corresponding to each groove 3-1 is not less than the outer diameter of the barrel core 3, that is, when the barrel core 3 descends, the buckle 4 can be stretched open to ensure the smooth descent of the barrel core 3.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 4 The support body includes a plurality of rubber layers 9 and a plurality of steel plates 10, and the plurality of rubber layers 9 and the plurality of steel plates 10 are stacked and connected.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pot-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures of the present invention can be used as a fixed pot-type support. At this time, referring to Figures 11 (a) to 11 (c), the lower part of the upper pad 1 of the fixed pot-type support is provided with a columnar protrusion 1-4 protruding downward, and the upper part of the support body is provided with a columnar groove 9-1 for the columnar protrusion 1-4 to be embedded in the position corresponding to the columnar protrusion 1-4.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pot-type bearing with adaptive height for ground fissures of the present invention can be used as a one-way movable pot-type bearing. At this time, referring to Figures 10 (a) to 10 (c), the lower part of the upper pad 1 of the one-way movable pot-type bearing is provided with a strip protrusion 1-5 protruding downward, and the upper part of the bearing body is provided with a through groove 9-2 for the strip protrusion 1-5 to be embedded in the position corresponding to the strip protrusion 1-5.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pot-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures of the present invention can be used as a bidirectional movable pot-type support. At this time, referring to Figures 9 (a) to 9 (c), the surface on the upper pad 1 of the bidirectional movable pot-type support that contacts the support body and the surface on the support body that contacts the upper pad 1 are both planes.

[0049] The installation method of the above-mentioned basin-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0050] The embedded parts at the lower end of the barrel core 3 are fixedly connected to the lower bridge pier or cap beam;

[0051] The embedded parts on the upper pad 1 are fixedly connected to the embedded steel bars of the upper beam;

[0052] The barrel core 3 is arranged at the uppermost end of the barrel core shell 2, and the buckle 4 extends into the groove 3-1 on the barrel core 3 and abuts against the lower surface of the groove 3-1.

[0053] Example

[0054] Refer to Figure 1 (a), Figure 1 (b), Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 7(a), 7(b), 7(c), 7(d), the basin-type support for ground fissures with adaptive height of this embodiment comprises an upper pad 1, a barrel core shell 2, a barrel core 3, a buckle 4, a spring 5, a gasket 6, a pre-buried steel bar 8 and a support body; the upper pad 1 can be connected to the upper beam body through the precision-rolled threaded steel bar; the lower part of the upper pad 1 is connected to the upper part of the barrel core shell 2 in a "mutual" shape (with Figure 2Taking the longitudinal section shown as an example, the end plate 1-3, the first limiting tube 1-1, the first extension part 1-2, the second extension part 2-3, the second limiting tube 2-2 and the upper bottom surface of the barrel core shell 2 form an inter-shaped structure), a circular ring-shaped gasket 6 is arranged in the middle, and the gasket 6 is connected to the lower part of the upper pad 1 by bolts 7. A support body is arranged between the upper pad 1 and the barrel core shell 2, and the support body is composed of a plurality of rubber layers 9 and steel plates 10 alternatingly; the inner wall of the barrel core shell 2 is connected to multiple rows of buckles 4 by anchor bolts, and a spring 5 is arranged between the lower part of each buckle 4 and the inner wall of the barrel core shell 2 to control the rotation of the buckle 4; the buckle 4 extends into the groove 3-1 on the surface of the barrel core 3 and transmits the load from above by contacting the lower surface of the buckle 4 with the lower surface of the groove; the barrel core 3 can be connected to the bridge pier through embedded steel bars 8. Combined with Figure 2 , Figure 3 (b), Figure 7 (c), Figure 7 (d), the adjustment of the support height is completed by the upper pad 1, the barrel core shell 2, the barrel core 3, the gasket 6, the bolt 7, the buckle 4, the spring 5 and the embedded steel bar 8. The barrel core 3 is fixedly connected to the lower pier or cap beam through the embedded steel bar 8, and the upper pad 1 is fixedly connected to the upper main beam through the embedded steel bar 8. The upper pad 1 is pre-set with a screw hole 11 below. The upper pad 1 is fixedly connected to the gasket 6 through the bolt 7. The upper pad 1 and the upper beam body remain relatively still and the barrel core shell 2 is limited to move downward by the gasket 6. The inner wall of the barrel core shell 2 is anchored with multiple rows of buckles 4, which can rotate in one direction, and the lower end of the buckle 4 extends into the groove on the surface of the barrel core 3. When the foundation settles, the pier moves downward relative to the beam body, that is, the barrel core 3 moves downward relative to the barrel core shell 2; multiple rows of buckles 4 are anchored on the inner wall of the barrel core shell 2, and the lower ends of the buckles 4 extend into the grooves on the surface of the barrel core 3. The buckles 4 move upward relative to the barrel core 3 together with the barrel core shell 2, and after moving until the upper curved surface of the buckles 4 contacts the upper surface of the groove of the barrel core 3, when the buckles 4 continue to move upward relative to the barrel core 3 after being locked, the buckles 4 will rotate, compressing the spring 5 between it and the barrel core shell 2 until the buckles 4 leave the groove of the barrel core 3; as the buckles 4 move upward relative to the barrel core 3, when the buckles 4 move to the upper groove, the upper curved surface of the buckles 4 leaves the surface of the barrel core 3, and the spring 5 releases its elastic energy, causing the buckles 4 to rotate in the opposite direction to the initial state and extend into the upper groove, completing a support height adjustment. Combined with Figure 2, Figure 3(a), Figure 5(a), Figure 5(b). The upper bearing plate 1 is made of steel structure as a whole. The upper part is a circular plate (i.e., the end plate 1 is a circular plate). The lower part of the circular plate is a thin-walled circular barrel with an "L"-shaped cross-section (i.e., the longitudinal cross-section of the structure formed by the first limiting barrel 1-1 and the first extension part 1-2), and the lower end shrinks inward. The upper bearing plate 1 and the gasket 6 are fixedly connected by bolts 7. The bolts 7 are in an "I"-shaped cross-section as a whole. The upper half is pre-buried in the gasket 6 and rotatably connected to the gasket 6, and then connected to the screw hole 11 reserved on the lower surface of the thin-walled circular barrel at the lower part of the upper bearing plate 1 (the screw hole is opened on the first extension part 1-2). The gasket 6 is located inside the thin-walled circular barrel at the lower part of the upper bearing plate 1. The lower surface of the gasket 6 is parallel to the upper surface of the protruding part at the lower part of the thin-walled circular barrel (i.e., the second extension part 2-3) and is located above the second extension part 2-3. The barrel core housing 2 is made of steel structure as a whole. The upper part is provided with a thin-walled circular barrel with an "inverted L"-shaped cross-section (i.e., the overall structure formed by the second limiting barrel 2-2 and the third extension part 2-1). The upper end expands outward, and its outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the thin-walled circular barrel of the upper bearing plate 1 and extends into the thin-walled circular barrel of the upper bearing plate 1. The lower surface of its protruding end is parallel to the upper surface of the gasket 6. A ring-shaped structure similar to the character "互" is formed between the lower part of the upper bearing plate 1 and the upper part of the barrel core housing 2. The gasket 6 is located between the two, and there are gaps between the gasket 6 and the two, which is convenient for installation. Combined with Figure 2 , Figure 7(c). The lower part of the barrel core housing 2 is similar to the lower part of the upper bearing plate 1, and is also a thin-walled circular barrel with an "L"-shaped cross-section (i.e., the longitudinal cross-section of the side wall of the barrel core housing 2 and the third extension part 2-1 is L-shaped), and the lower end shrinks inward (i.e., the third extension part 2-1 extends radially inward along the barrel core housing 2). When the barrel core housing 2 moves upward relative to the barrel core 3 by a certain distance, its lower end will contact the barrel core 3 and limit the further displacement of the barrel core 3. Combined with Figure 3(b), the buckle 4 is made of steel structure as a whole and is hinged to the inner wall of the barrel core housing 2 through anchor bolts. The upper part of its outer surface is closely attached to the inner wall of the barrel core housing 2, so that it can only rotate in one direction, that is, the lower end of the buckle 4 rotates downward, ensuring that the barrel core housing 4 can only move upward relative to the barrel core and cannot move downward. Combined with Figure 8(a) - Figure 8(f), the barrel core 3 is made of steel structure as a whole. There are multiple rows of grooves 3-1 on its outer wall. The buckle 4 can extend into the grooves 3-1. There are eight grooves in each row (i.e., each groove 3-1 is evenly divided into eight small segments along its circumference by a thin wall, and the specific number can be determined according to requirements). The thin wall between adjacent two small segments of the groove can limit the maximum relative lateral rotation angle of the buckle 4 relative to the barrel core. The inside of the barrel core is a grid-like hollow structure, reducing the amount of steel used. Combined with Figure 6 , the support body includes a plurality of rubber layers 9 and a plurality of steel plates 10. The rubber layers 9 and the steel plates 10 are stacked alternately and bonded between the rubber layer and the steel plate.

[0055] When in use, the pot bearing with adaptive height for ground fissures of the present invention can be used as a fixed pot bearing, a single-directional movable pot bearing or a two-directional movable pot bearing;

[0056] Referring to Figures 11(a) to 11(c), when used as a fixed basin-type support, it is only necessary to set a circular groove at the top center of the rubber layer 9 at the top of the support body, and set a corresponding circular protrusion at the center of the lower surface of the upper circular plate of the upper pad 1, so that the relative movement of the two can be limited;

[0057] 10 (a) to 10 (c), when used as a one-way movable basin-type bearing, it is only necessary to set a rectangular groove that runs through the front and back at the top center of the rubber layer 9 at the top of the bearing body, and set a corresponding rectangular protrusion at the center of the lower surface of the upper circular plate of the upper pad 1, so that only the relative movement of the two perpendicular to the through-direction of the groove can be restricted;

[0058] 9 (a) to 9 (c), when used as a bidirectional movable basin-type bearing, the rubber layer 9 at the top of the bearing body only needs to be a common cylinder, and no protrusion is provided on the lower surface of the upper circular plate of the upper pad 1, so that the relative movement of the two in all directions is not restricted;

[0059] During installation, the support of the present invention is integrally fixedly connected to the lower bridge pier or cap beam through the embedded steel bars 8 below the barrel core 3, and then only the upper pad 1 needs to be fixedly connected to the embedded steel bars of the upper beam body.

[0060] The present invention achieves the adjustment of the overall height of the support by connecting the upper part of the support with the beam body to drive the unidirectional movement of the lower buckle of the support, so as to avoid the support being emptied or the main beam being twisted due to uneven settlement of the foundation, and to prevent the main beam from overturning when the settlement exceeds a certain limit; and the support can be used as a fixed support, a unidirectional movable support or a bidirectional movable support. The basin-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures of the present invention uses a rotatable buckle connected to the inner wall of the lower barrel core shell to extend into the groove of the barrel core. When the bridge pier undergoes uneven settlement, the bridge pier moves downward relative to the beam body, the barrel core is connected to the bridge pier, the upper pad is connected to the beam body, and the upper pad prevents the barrel core shell from moving downward through a gasket. At this time, the barrel core moves downward relative to the barrel core shell, and the upper surface of the barrel core groove contacts the upper surface of the buckle, forcing the lower part of the buckle to rotate toward the barrel wall and compress the spring. When the barrel core moves downward so that the buckle reaches the upper groove, the upper surface of the buckle is separated from the barrel core surface, and the spring releases elastic energy, causing the buckle to rotate to the initial state and enter the second groove, realizing the relative movement of the barrel core and the barrel core shell, that is, the support performs vertical height adjustment. The adaptive settlement support of the present invention can limit the maximum relative displacement of the barrel core shell and the barrel core through the annular closing structure at the lower part of the barrel core shell, and has a certain anti-overturning effect. The lower barrel core of the adaptive settlement support of the present invention plays the role of a support pedestal, and there is no need to set a support pedestal on the top of the pier or the cap beam. The installation method of the adaptive settlement support of the present invention is simple and can be flexibly adjusted to a fixed pot-type support, a one-way movable pot-type support or a two-way movable pot-type support.

Claims

1. A basin-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures, characterized in that: It comprises an upper pad (1), a barrel core shell (2), a barrel core (3), a buckle (4), an embedded part and a support body; An embedded part is provided at the upper portion of the upper pad (1), the support body is arranged between the lower portion of the upper pad (1) and the upper portion of the barrel core shell (2), and the lower portion of the upper pad (1) and the upper portion of the barrel core shell (2) are connected; The lower end of the barrel core shell (2) has an opening, the barrel core (3) is arranged in the barrel core shell (2), and the lower end of the barrel core (3) is provided with an embedded part, which protrudes from the opening at the lower end of the barrel core shell (2); The outer wall surface of the barrel core (3) is provided with a groove (3-1) along the circumferential direction, and the barrel core (3) is provided with a plurality of the grooves (3-1) along its axial direction; the inner wall of the barrel core shell (2) is axially connected with a buckle (4) at a position corresponding to each of the grooves (3-1); when the barrel core (3) moves downward, the buckle (4) can be opened by the barrel core (3) and can cause the barrel core (3) to move downward; when the barrel core (3) moves upward, the buckle (4) can extend into the groove (3-1) on the barrel core (3) and abut against the lower surface of the groove (3-1), thereby preventing the barrel core (3) from moving upward; The upper pad (1) comprises an end plate (1-3) and a first limiting cylinder (1-1), the upper end of the first limiting cylinder (1-1) is connected to the lower part of the upper pad (1), and the lower end of the first limiting cylinder (1-1) is provided with a first extending portion (1-2) extending radially inwards; The upper portion of the barrel core shell (2) is inserted into the first limiting cylinder (1-1), and the portion of the barrel core shell (2) inserted into the first limiting cylinder (1-1) is provided with a second extension portion (2-3) extending radially outward; the inner diameter of the first extension portion (1-2) is smaller than the outer diameter of the second extension portion (2-3); a bolt (7) is threadedly connected to the first extension portion (1-2), and the upper end of the bolt (7) abuts against the lower surface of the second extension portion (2-3); The upper end of the support body extends into the first limiting cylinder (1-1), the lower end of the support body is located in the inner circle of the second extension part (2-3), the upper end of the support body abuts against the end plate (1-3), and the lower end of the support body abuts against the barrel core shell (2); The support body comprises a plurality of rubber layers (9) and a plurality of steel plates (10), and the plurality of rubber layers (9) and the plurality of steel plates (10) are stacked and connected.

2. The pot-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gasket (6) is provided between the first extension portion (1-2) and the second extension portion (2-3), and the upper end of the bolt (7) is rotatably connected to the gasket (6).

3. A pot-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The upper part of the barrel core shell (2) is connected to a second limiting cylinder (2-2), the second extension portion (2-3) is arranged at the upper end of the second limiting cylinder (2-2), and the lower end of the support body is arranged in the second limiting cylinder (2-2) and abuts against the upper surface of the barrel core shell (2).

4. The pot-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buckle (4) comprises, from top to bottom, a rotation-stopping section (4-1), an arc section (4-2) and an abutting section (4-3); the arc section (4-2) is axially connected to the inner wall of the barrel core outer shell (2); an elastic element in a compressed state is provided between the abutting section (4-3) and the barrel core outer shell (2); wherein when the abutting section (4-3) extends into a groove (3-1) of the barrel core (3) and abuts against the lower surface of the groove (3-1), the rotation-stopping section (4-1) abuts against the inner wall of the barrel core outer shell (2), and the buckle (4) stops rotating; and the maximum opening radius of all the buckles (4) corresponding to each groove (3-1) is not less than the outer diameter of the barrel core (3).

5. The pot-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-adaptive height basin-type support for ground fissures is a fixed basin-type support, wherein the lower part of the upper pad (1) of the fixed basin-type support is provided with a columnar protrusion (1-4) protruding downward, and the upper part of the support body is provided with a columnar groove (9-1) for the columnar protrusion (1-4) to be embedded in a position corresponding to the columnar protrusion (1-4).

6. The pot-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-adaptive height basin-type support for ground fissures is a one-way movable basin-type support, wherein the lower part of the upper pad (1) of the one-way movable basin-type support is provided with a strip-shaped protrusion (1-5) protruding downward, and the upper part of the support body is provided with a through groove (9-2) for the strip-shaped protrusion (1-5) to be embedded in the position corresponding to the strip-shaped protrusion (1-5).

7. The pot-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-adaptive height basin support for ground fissures is a bidirectional movable basin support, wherein the surface on the upper pad (1) of the bidirectional movable basin support that contacts the support body and the surface on the support body that contacts the upper pad (1) are both planes.

8. The method for installing the pot-type support with adaptive height for ground fissures according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The process includes the following: The embedded part at the lower end of the barrel core (3) is fixedly connected to the lower bridge pier or cap beam; The embedded parts on the upper part of the upper pad (1) are fixedly connected to the embedded steel bars of the upper beam body; The barrel core (3) is arranged at the uppermost end of the barrel core shell (2), and the buckle (4) extends into the groove (3-1) on the barrel core (3) and abuts against the lower surface of the groove (3-1).

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