An expansion nail

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides an expansion nail, which includes a first component and a second component; the first component includes an expansion part and a first abutting part; the second component includes a sliding part and a second abutting part, and the second abutting part is used for the first abutting part to abut against; when the first component and the second component are embedded in a hole to be fixed, the first abutting part abuts against the second abutting part, the sliding part abuts against the second side wall of the hole to be fixed, and the expansion part forms an interference fit with the first side wall of the hole to be fixed; wherein, the second side wall and the first side wall are opposite to each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical engineering technology, and particularly relates to an expansion nail. Background Art

[0002] In daily life, expansion bolts are often used, which are generally composed of expandable pipe fittings and self-tapping screws. After inserting the pipe fittings into the fixing object, the self-tapping screw is screwed into the pipe fittings to squeeze the pipe fittings, so that the expansion bolt expands, and thus the expansion bolt is stuck in the hole of the fixing object to achieve the fixation between the expansion bolt and the fixing object. In orthopedic surgeries, this fixing method is also required to fix bones. However, expansion bolts generally have relatively large sizes, and affected by the diameter of the bones, it is difficult to drill holes with relatively large diameters on the bones. Therefore, expansion bolts are difficult to apply in orthopedic surgeries. Summary of the Invention

[0003] An embodiment of the present invention provides an expansion nail, which has the function of being fixed in a hole to be fixed.

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides an expansion nail, which includes a first component and a second component; the first component includes an expansion part and a first abutting part; the second component includes a sliding part and a second abutting part, and the second abutting part is used for the first abutting part to abut against; when the first component and the second component are embedded in the hole to be fixed, the first abutting part abuts against the second abutting part, the sliding part abuts against the second side wall of the hole to be fixed, and the expansion part forms an interference fit with the first side wall of the hole to be fixed; wherein, the second side wall and the first side wall are opposite.

[0005] In an implementable manner, the first abutting part includes a plurality of first teeth, and the second abutting part includes a plurality of second teeth that cooperate with the first teeth; when the first component and the second component are embedded in the hole to be fixed, the first teeth cooperate with the second teeth to enable the second component to slide relative to the first component.

[0006] In an implementable manner, the first teeth and the second teeth are selected from one or more of wedge-shaped teeth, broken-line teeth, and arc-shaped teeth.

[0007] In an implementable manner, the first component is provided with a first one-way tooth on the first abutting part, and the second component is provided with a second one-way tooth that cooperates with the first one-way tooth on the second abutting part; when the first component and the second component are embedded in the hole to be fixed, the first one-way tooth is used to cooperate with the second one-way tooth to prevent the second component from sliding relative to the first component.

[0008] In an implementable manner, a nail head is formed at the upper end of the first component on the first abutting part.

[0009] In an implementable embodiment, a cutting portion is formed at the upper end of the second component located at the second abutting portion; when the first component and the second component are embedded in the to-be-fixed hole, the cutting portion is located outside the fixed hole.

[0010] In an implementable embodiment, the surface of the first component and / or the second component facing the to-be-fixed hole is provided with a texture structure, and the texture structure is used to prevent the first component from axially sliding relative to the to-be-fixed hole.

[0011] In an implementable embodiment, the expansion nail is made of an absorbable material and / or a non-absorbable material.

[0012] In an implementable embodiment, when the expansion nail is made of an absorbable material, the absorbable material is made of one or more of L-lactide, D-lactide, glycolide, ε-caprolactone, polyethylene glycol, and 3-methylene carbonate.

[0013] An embodiment of the present invention provides a fixing structure, which is characterized by comprising a fixing plate, an object to be fixed, and an expansion nail as described in any one of claims 1-7; a to-be-fixed hole can be formed in the object to be fixed, and the expansion nail is used to fixedly connect the fixing plate to the object to be fixed.

[0014] In the expansion nail in the embodiment of the present invention, the first component and the second component of the expansion nail can be embedded in the to-be-fixed hole, and by sliding the first component relative to the second component, the sliding portion of the second component abuts against the second side wall of the to-be-fixed hole, and the expansion portion forms an interference fit with the first side wall of the to-be-fixed hole, so that the expansion nail forms an interference fit with the to-be-fixed hole, thereby being fixed in the to-be-fixed hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] By referring to the accompanying drawings and reading the following detailed description, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily understood. In the drawings, several embodiments of the present invention are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, wherein:

[0016] In the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the components of an expansion nail according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic axial sectional view of the minimum expansion size of an expansion nail according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic axial sectional view of the expansion state of an expansion nail according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the fit of the minimum expansion size of an expansion nail according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the fit of the expansion state of an expansion nail according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the radial cross-sectional shape of an expansion nail according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 According to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of area A;

[0024] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a fixing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Among them, the reference numerals are as follows:

[0026] 1, first component; 2, second component; 11, first abutting portion; 12, expansion portion; 13, first tooth; 14, first one-way tooth; 15, nail cap; 21, second abutting portion; 22, sliding portion; 23, second tooth; 24, second one-way tooth; 25, cutting portion; 3, fixing plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] In order to make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the components of an expansion nail according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Axial sectional view of the minimum expansion size of an expansion nail according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Axial sectional view of the expansion state of an expansion nail according to an embodiment of the present invention; Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3

[0029] An embodiment of the present invention provides an expansion nail, characterized in that the expansion nail includes a first component 1 and a second component 2; the first component 1 includes an expansion portion 12 and a first abutting portion 11; the second component 2 includes a sliding portion 22 and a second abutting portion 21, and the second abutting portion 21 is used for the first abutting portion 11 to abut against; when the first component 1 and the second component 2 are embedded in a hole to be fixed, the first abutting portion 11 abuts against the second abutting portion 21, the sliding portion 22 abuts against the second side wall of the hole to be fixed, and the expansion portion 12 forms an interference fit with the first side wall of the hole to be fixed; wherein, the second side wall and the first side wall are opposite to each other.

[0030] In the expansion nail in the embodiment of the present invention, by embedding the first component 1 and the second component 2 of the expansion nail into the hole to be fixed, and by the first component 1 sliding relative to the second component 2, the sliding portion 22 of the first component 1 abuts against the second side wall of the hole to be fixed, and the expansion portion 12 forms an interference fit with the first side wall of the hole to be fixed, so that the expansion nail forms an interference fit with the hole to be fixed, thereby being fixed in the hole to be fixed.

[0031] In this embodiment, the shape of the expansion nail can be circular, oval, rectangular, or an oblong shape formed by the intersection of two circles; when the rectangle is adopted, the rectangular expansion nail can be chamfered to enhance safety during use. Preferably, the expansion nail has a circular radial cross-section because its mechanical properties are better when the radial cross-section is circular; the first component 1 and the second component 2 can be divided into the first component 1 and the second component 2 centered on the midpoint of the radial cross-section of the self-expansion nail, that is, the cross-sectional dimensions of the first component 1 and the second component 2 are the same, or the cross-sectional dimension of the first component 1 can be larger or smaller than that of the second component 2. The first component 1 includes a first abutting portion 11, and the second component 2 includes a second abutting portion 21 for the first abutting portion 11 to abut against; the first abutting portion 11 and the second abutting portion 21 can be designed to be completely abutted or have an incompletely abutted part; when designed to be completely abutted, the completely abutted state is the case where the radial dimension of the expansion nail is the smallest, and the complete abutment means that the first abutting portion 11 and the second abutting portion 12 are completely fitted. When the first component 1 and the second component 2 are embedded in the hole to be fixed, specifically, when the first component 1 and the second component 2 are at the minimum size, the expansion nail is placed in the hole to be fixed. At this time, the expansion nail and the fixing hole are in a clearance fit; the second component 2 is slid relative to the first component 1, and the sliding portion 22 of the second component 2 abuts against the second side wall of the hole to be fixed, so that the expansion portion 12 on the first component 1 is in an interference fit with the first side wall of the hole to be fixed. Specifically, the first component 1 and the second component 2 are embedded in the hole to be fixed. By making the second component 2 move relative to the first component 1, the radial dimensions of the first component 1 and the second component 2 are increased, so that the second component abuts against the second side wall, and further the second component 2 presses the first component 1 in the hole to be fixed, making the first component 1 in an interference fit with the first side wall, and making the expansion nail firmly abut in the hole to be fixed. Among them, the second side wall and the first side wall are both the inner walls of the hole to be fixed. When the first component 1 and the second component 2 are embedded in the hole to be fixed, the sliding portion 22 abuts against the second side wall, so the expansion portion 12 opposite to the sliding portion 22 abuts against the first side wall, so the second side wall and the first side wall are opposite. Specifically, when the sliding portion 22 moves, the position of the second side wall against which the sliding portion 22 abuts also changes. Correspondingly, the first side wall against which the expansion portion 12 abuts may also change.

[0032] Among them, the minimum expansion size of the expansion nail can be 1.5 - 20 mm, and the length of the first component 1 of the expansion nail can be 4 - 200 mm. The ratio of the maximum expansion size to the minimum expansion size of the expansion nail can be 101% - 150%. In addition, during orthopedic surgery, two or more expansion nails can be used to connect broken bones. In addition, perforations can be made in the first component 1 and / or the second component 2 for medical threads to pass through. The expansion nail with holes can replace the current anchor nails and interface nails used in orthopedics, and the threads therein are used to fix tendons and ligaments.

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the fit of the minimum expansion size of an expansion nail according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the fit of the expansion state of an expansion nail according to an embodiment of the present invention; Refer to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 ;

[0034] In an implementable manner, the first abutting portion 11 includes a plurality of first teeth 13, and the second abutting portion 21 includes a plurality of second teeth 23 that cooperate with the first teeth 13; when the first component 1 and the second component 2 are embedded in the hole to be fixed, the first teeth 13 cooperate with the second teeth 23 to cause the second component 2 to slide relative to the first component 1.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first abutting portion 11 includes a plurality of first teeth 13. The plurality of first teeth 13 can be the same in shape and / or size, or the plurality of first teeth 13 can also be non-uniform in shape and / or size. The second abutting portion 21 is provided with second teeth 23 for cooperating with the first teeth 13. In one case, the shape of the second teeth 23 can be completely engaged with the shape of the first teeth 13. For example, if the first teeth 13 are right-angled teeth, the second teeth 23 are also right-angled teeth; if the first teeth 13 are one-way teeth with an inclined surface facing downwards, then the second teeth 23 are one-way teeth with an inclined surface facing upwards. In another case, the shapes of the first teeth 13 and the second teeth 23 can be incompletely engaged. For example, if the first teeth are right-angled teeth, the second teeth can be arc-shaped teeth. In the embodiment of the present invention, preferably, a design is adopted in which the second teeth 23 and the first teeth 13 can be completely engaged. When the first component 1 and the second component 2 are embedded in the hole to be fixed, the first component 1 can slide relative to the second component 2 according to the structure of the cooperation between the first teeth 13 and the second teeth 23. For example, the first teeth 13 and the second teeth 23 are selected from one or more of wedge-shaped teeth, broken-line teeth, and arc-shaped teeth. It can be understood that the angle design of the tooth ends can be adjusted according to needs, so that the first component 1 can slide unidirectionally relative to the second component 2, or the first component 1 can slide bidirectionally relative to the second component 2.

[0036] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the radial cross-sectional shape of an expansion nail according to an embodiment of the present invention; refer to Figure 6 ;

[0037] In this embodiment, the first locking teeth 13 and the second locking teeth 23 can be wedge-shaped locking teeth, broken-line locking teeth, or arc-shaped locking teeth. That is, according to the different shapes of the first locking teeth 13 and the second locking teeth 23, the line formed by the first locking teeth 13 and the second locking teeth 23 in the axial cross-section when intersecting is one or a combination of a wedge-shaped line, a broken line, an arc, etc. Among them, the shapes of the first locking teeth 13 and the second locking teeth 23 are preferably wedge-shaped platform structures, which can make the expansion nail have a greater pull-out strength during use. Further, in the radial direction, the line segment formed by the intersection of the first locking teeth 13 and the second locking teeth 23 can be a straight line, an arc, or a broken line, as Figure 6 shown, that is, the shapes of the first locking teeth 13 and the second locking teeth 23 in the radial direction are a straight line, an arc, or a broken line; when the shape is an arc or a broken line, the performance of hindering the relative sliding of the first component 1 with respect to the second component 2 is better.

[0038] Figure 7 For an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of area A in; refer to Figure 7 ;

[0039] In an implementable manner, the first component 1 is provided with a first one-way tooth 14 on the first abutting portion 11, and the second component 2 is provided with a second one-way tooth 24 on the second abutting portion 21 that cooperates with the first one-way tooth 14; when the first component 1 and the second component 2 are embedded in the hole to be fixed, the first one-way tooth 14 is used to cooperate with the second one-way tooth 24 to hinder the relative sliding of the second component 2 with respect to the first component 1.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first one-way tooth 14 and the second one-way tooth 24 cooperate to increase the force required for the sliding between the first component and the second component 2. The cooperation may refer to the matching of the first one-way tooth 14 and the second one-way tooth 24 in terms of quantity, or the matching of the first one-way tooth 14 and the second one-way tooth 24 in terms of shape, and further, they can also be matched in terms of angle. When the structure of the first one-way tooth 14 and the second one-way tooth 24 is adopted, when the second component 2 makes a relative displacement with the first component 1, the one-way tooth will deform or the hole to be fixed will deform, and then the second component 2 can slide relative to the first component 1, thereby improving the pull-out strength of the expansion nail. Therefore, when the first component 1 and the second component 2 are in an interference fit with the hole to be fixed, the first component 1 and the second component 2 are not easy to slide in the hole to be fixed due to the mutually engaged one-way teeth, ensuring the stability of the expansion nail; the shapes of the first one-way tooth 14 and the second one-way tooth 24 are preferably triangular, and the first one-way tooth 14 and the second one-way tooth 24 are arranged in an array along the abutting surfaces of the first abutting portion 11 and the second abutting portion 21. Specifically, the first one-way tooth 14 is arranged in the direction of the first abutting portion 11 facing away from the nail head, and the second one-way tooth 24 is arranged in the direction of the first abutting portion 11 facing the nail head. It should be noted that the terms "facing away" and "facing" here refer to the directions of the positions of the one-way teeth on the first abutting portion and the second abutting portion, rather than the directions of the one-way teeth. The directions of the one-way teeth are not limited. In addition, the surface roughness of the first abutting portion 11 and the second abutting portion 21 can also be increased by designing textures, concave-convex structures, etc., so as to increase the friction between the first abutting portion 11 and the second abutting portion 21, thereby achieving the same effect as the above method. The textures designed can specifically be knurling, rolling mesh patterns, straight patterns, etc.

[0041] In an implementable manner, a nail head 15 is formed at the upper end of the first component 1 located at the first abutting portion 11.

[0042] In this embodiment, a nail head 15 is formed at the upper end of the first component 1. Specifically, the nail head 15 can be a pressing cap or a locking cap. The pressing cap is used to press the expansion nail in the hole to be fixed. The pressing cap presses on the surface where the hole to be fixed is located. It can also sink the pressing cap into the surface by grooving on this surface to avoid the irritation of the pressing cap to body tissues during the actual surgical use. Further, the pressing cap can also be used in cooperation with the fixing plate 3, directly pressing on the fixing plate 3 or sinking into the counterbore of the fixing plate 3 to press the fixing plate 3. The locking cap is used for the cooperation of the expansion nail and the fixing plate 3 to lock the expansion nail on the fixing plate 3 so that the expansion nail will not rotate or slip relative to the fixing plate. The locking cap can be realized by methods such as threaded connection or interference fit clamping. Specifically, the nail head 15 can be an uneven structure, and a clamping groove matching with the nail head 15 is provided on the fixing plate 3. By clamping the nail head 15 in the clamping groove, the expansion nail is fixed in the hole to be fixed, and the expansion nail is fixed on the fixing plate 3.

[0043] In an implementable manner, a cutting part 25 is formed at the upper end of the second component 2 located at the second abutting part 21; when the first component 1 and the second component 2 are embedded in the hole to be fixed, the cutting part 25 is located outside the fixing hole.

[0044] In this embodiment, through the cutting part 25 formed at the upper end of the second abutting part 21, when the first component 1 and the second component 2 are embedded in the hole to be fixed, the part of the second component 2 exceeding the hole end face is the cutting part 25. The cutting part 25 is cut to keep the hole end face flat. In addition, the cutting part 25 can also be used for clamping by hand or other tools. When placing the expansion nail in the hole to be fixed, the user can lift the cutting part 25 to make the second component 2 slide relative to the first component 1. During the actual production process, the cutting part 25 can be made into a structure without the second tooth 23 or other shapes convenient for clamping and lifting by hand or tools according to the use requirements.

[0045] In an implementable manner, the surface of the first component 1 and / or the second component 2 facing the hole to be fixed is provided with a texture structure, and the texture structure is used to prevent the first component 1 from axially sliding relative to the hole to be fixed.

[0046] In this embodiment, the surfaces of the first component 1 and / or the second component 2 facing the hole to be fixed are provided with texture structures. Specifically, the textures can be knurling, screen printing, straight lines, etc. The outer surface can also be set to be wavy, zigzag, etc., to increase the frictional force between the outer surface of the first component 1 and / or the second component 2 and the hole to be fixed, thereby preventing the first component 1 from axially sliding relative to the hole to be fixed. In addition, the second component 2 preferably adopts a smooth outer surface structure. Specifically, the outer surface of the sliding part 22 of the second component 2 adopts a smooth structure, which can reduce the frictional force between the sliding part 22 and the first side wall, thereby facilitating the sliding of the second component 2 relative to the first component 1.

[0047] In an implementable manner, the expansion nail is made of absorbable material and / or non-absorbable material.

[0048] In this embodiment, the materials used for the first component 1 and the second component 2 of the expansion nail can be the same material or different materials. The non-absorbable materials include metal materials and non-metal materials. Among them, the metal materials can be pure titanium, titanium alloy, 316 stainless steel, etc., and the non-metal materials can be plastics. Specifically, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyether ether ketone, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.; the non-metal materials can also be ceramics, etc. The composition of the absorbable material includes homopolymers or copolymers made of one or several monomers including L-lactide, D-lactide, glycolide, ε-caprolactone, polyethylene glycol, and 3-methylenecarbonate, as well as mixtures. Specifically, the copolymers can include racemic polylactic acid (PDLLA); polylactic acid (PLA); poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA); glycolide-lactide-polyethylene glycol copolymer (mPEG-PLGA). Among them, polylactic acid can preferably be polylactic acid containing 50% D-lactide; poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) can preferably be poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) with a glycolide (GA) content of 1% to 30%. Further, inorganic materials can also be mixed into the above absorbable materials. Specifically, the proportion of inorganic materials is 1% to 60%, and the proportion of biodegradable materials is 40% to 99%. Specifically, the inorganic materials can be hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP). Further, the inorganic materials can also be a mixture of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate in any proportion. Furthermore, the particle size distribution of the inorganic materials is 10 nm to 50 μm, and the mass fraction of the inorganic materials is 1% to 60%.

[0049] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a fixing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 8 ;

[0050] The embodiment of the present invention provides a fixing structure, which is characterized by including a fixing plate 3, an object to be fixed, and an expansion nail; a hole to be fixed is provided on the object to be fixed, and the expansion nail is used to fixedly connect the fixing plate 3 to the object to be fixed.

[0051] In this embodiment, a fixing structure is provided, wherein the fixing plate 3 is used to abut against the surface of the object to be fixed. A plurality of through holes or clamping grooves can be formed in the fixing plate 3 for connecting expansion nails. After passing through the through holes, the expansion nails are embedded in the object to be fixed. When the number of expansion nails connected to the fixing plate 3 exceeds two, the fixing performance of the fixing structure is better, and multiple objects to be fixed can be fixed together. For example, a structure in which the fixing plate 3 and multiple expansion nails are used in cooperation is used to fixedly connect two fractured bones. The object to be fixed can be a bone or some other object to be fixed.

[0052] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0053] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0054] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An expandable nail for orthopedics, characterized in that, The orthopedic expansion nail described above includes a first component (1) and a second component (2); The first component (1) includes an expansion part (12) and a first abutting part (11); The second component (2) includes a sliding part (22) and a second abutting part (21), and the second abutting part (21) is used for the first abutting part (11) to abut against; When the first component (1) and the second component (2) are embedded in the hole to be fixed, the first abutting part (11) abuts on the second abutting part (21), the sliding part (22) abuts against the second side wall of the hole to be fixed, and the expansion part (12) forms an interference fit with the first side wall of the hole to be fixed; Wherein, the second side wall and the first side wall are opposite to each other; The first component (1) forms a nail cap (15) at the upper end of the first abutting part (11); The second component (2) forms a trimming part (25) at the upper end of the second abutting part (21); When the first component (1) and the second component (2) are embedded in the hole to be fixed, the trimming part (25) is located outside the fixed hole.

2. The expandable nail for orthopedics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first abutting part (11) includes a number of first teeth (13), and the second abutting part (21) includes a number of second teeth (23) that cooperate with the first teeth (13); When the first component (1) and the second component (2) are embedded in the hole to be fixed, the first teeth (13) cooperate with the second teeth (23) to enable the second component (2) to slide relative to the first component (1).

3. The expandable nail for orthopedics according to claim 2, wherein, The first teeth (13) and the second teeth (23) are selected from one or more of wedge-shaped teeth, broken-line teeth, and arc-shaped teeth.

4. The expandable nail for orthopedics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first component (1) is provided with a first one-way tooth (14) on the first abutting part (11), and the second component (2) is provided with a second one-way tooth (24) that cooperates with the first one-way tooth (14) on the second abutting part (21); When the first component (1) and the second component (2) are embedded in the hole to be fixed, the first one-way tooth (14) is used to cooperate with the second one-way tooth (24) to prevent the second component (2) from sliding relative to the first component (1).

5. The expandable nail for orthopedics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the first component (1) and / or the second component (2) facing the hole to be fixed is provided with a texture structure, and the texture structure is used to prevent the first component (1) from axially sliding relative to the hole to be fixed.

6. The expandable nail for orthopedics according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The orthopedic expansion nail is made of absorbable material and / or non-absorbable material.

7. The expandable nail for orthopedics according to claim 6, wherein When the orthopedic expansion nail is made of absorbable material, the absorbable material is made of one or more of L-lactide, D-lactide, glycolide, ε-caprolactone, polyethylene glycol, and 3-methylene carbonate.

8. A fixing structure, characterized in that, It includes a fixing plate (3), a fixed object, and the orthopedic expansion nail according to any one of claims 1-6; A hole to be fixed is opened on the fixed object, and the orthopedic expansion nail is used to fixedly connect the fixing plate (3) to the fixed object.

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