A locking device, a battery pack assembly and a vehicle

Abstract

The present invention provides a locking device, a battery pack assembly and a vehicle. The locking device includes a connecting shaft, a limiting sleeve, a sleeve and a first baffle; a first limiting structure is circumferentially arranged on the connecting shaft, a second limiting structure is arranged on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve, a first guiding structure is arranged on the outer wall of the limiting sleeve, and a second guiding structure is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve; the connecting shaft is slidably connected with the limiting sleeve and coaxially assembled, and the limiting sleeve is slidably connected with the sleeve and coaxially assembled; when the limiting sleeve slides relative to the sleeve to the locking position, the first limiting structure is engaged with the second limiting structure; when the limiting sleeve slides relative to the sleeve to the unlocking position, the first limiting structure is separated from the second limiting structure; the first guiding structure is slidably connected with the second guiding structure; the first baffle is fixedly connected with the sleeve to prevent the limiting sleeve from separating from the sleeve. The locking device of the present invention can be used reliably for a long time in the environment of frequent disassembly and assembly of the battery pack and vehicle bumps.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a locking device, a battery pack assembly and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the domestic automobile industry, pure electric vehicles have entered a period of rapid development. As the power source and the most fundamental component of electric vehicles, power batteries are the key factors affecting the development of electric vehicles. Charging anxiety, cost anxiety and mileage anxiety have always been the troubles of new energy vehicle users when traveling. The most effective way to solve the above problems is to quickly replace the battery pack, and it is required that the quick battery pack replacement device can be used reliably for a long time in the environment of vehicle vibration and frequent loading and unloading.

[0003] During the vehicle driving process, the battery pack is affected by the vibration caused by the vehicle bumping, resulting in the traditional connecting parts being prone to looseness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a locking device to solve the problem of loosening of traditional connecting parts.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0006] A locking device includes: a connecting shaft, a limiting sleeve, a sleeve and a first baffle;

[0007] A first limiting structure is circumferentially arranged on the connecting shaft, a second limiting structure is arranged on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve, a first guiding structure is arranged on the outer wall of the limiting sleeve, and a second guiding structure is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve;

[0008] The connecting shaft is slidably connected with the limiting sleeve and coaxially assembled, and the limiting sleeve is slidably connected with the sleeve and coaxially assembled;

[0009] When the limiting sleeve slides relative to the sleeve to the locking position, the first limiting structure is clamped with the second limiting structure; when the limiting sleeve slides relative to the sleeve to the unlocking position, the first limiting structure is separated from the second limiting structure;

[0010] The first guiding structure is slidably connected with the second guiding structure;

[0011] The first baffle is fixedly connected with the sleeve to limit the separation of the limiting sleeve from the sleeve.

[0012] Further, the locking device further includes a reset member;

[0013] Along the axial direction of the connecting shaft, the reset member is arranged between the second limiting structure and the sleeve;

[0014] When the limiting sleeve slides relative to the sleeve to the unlocking position, the reset member is in a compressed state.

[0015] Furthermore, the reset member is a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the connecting shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, the connecting shaft is a stepped shaft, and the connecting shaft includes a threaded portion, a smooth shaft portion, and a loading portion that are sequentially connected in succession;

[0017] The first limiting portion is arranged on the surface of the smooth shaft portion, and the first limiting portion protrudes from the smooth shaft portion;

[0018] The threaded portion extends out of the sleeve, and the loading portion is located within the limiting sleeve.

[0019] Furthermore, the connecting shaft further includes a guiding portion;

[0020] The guiding portion is connected to one end of the threaded portion away from the smooth shaft portion.

[0021] Furthermore, the guiding portion is arranged as a curved surface structure; or, the guiding portion is arranged as a chamfer structure.

[0022] Furthermore, the first limiting structure is arranged as an external spline, and the second limiting structure is arranged as an internal spline.

[0023] Furthermore, the first guiding structure is arranged as a chute, and the second guiding structure is arranged as a sliding table;

[0024] The cross-section of the chute is concave, and the cross-section of the sliding table is convex.

[0025] Furthermore, the locking device further includes a second baffle;

[0026] The second baffle is fixedly connected to the limiting sleeve to prevent the connecting shaft from separating from the limiting sleeve.

[0027] Furthermore, the loading portion is provided with polygonal counterbores.

[0028] A battery pack assembly, the battery pack assembly includes any one of the foregoing locking devices.

[0029] A vehicle, the vehicle includes the foregoing battery pack assembly.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the locking device of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0031] In the locking device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the slide table provided on the limit sleeve moves along the sliding groove provided on the sleeve, realizing the clamping or detachment of the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure. When the limit sleeve slides relative to the sleeve to the locking position, the rotation of the connecting shaft is effectively restricted, enabling the quick disassembly and installation of the battery pack and the vehicle body. During long-term use, the service life and reliability of the connecting shaft under vehicle bumps and frequent loading and unloading can be improved.

[0032] The battery pack assembly and the vehicle have the same advantages as the above-mentioned locking device compared with the prior art, and will not be elaborated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 is an exploded view of the locking device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connecting shaft according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the loading part according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the spring according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the limit sleeve according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the limit sleeve in the A direction according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the limit sleeve in the B-B direction according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the sleeve according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the sleeve in the C direction according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the first baffle according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the second baffle according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 12It is a schematic connection diagram of the locking device described in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals

[0047] 10 - Locking device, 11 - Bolt, 12 - First baffle, 13 - Second baffle, 14 - Limiting sleeve, 141 - First limiting structure, 142 - First guiding structure, 15 - Sleeve, 151 - Second guiding structure, 16 - Connecting shaft, 161 - Guiding portion, 162 - Threaded portion, 163 - Smooth shaft portion, 164 - First limiting structure, 165 - Loading portion, 17 - Resetting member, 20 - Box body. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0049] Next, reference will be made to the attached Figures 1 - 12 and in combination with the embodiments to detail the present invention.

[0050] Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a locking device 10, and the locking device includes a connecting shaft 16, a limiting sleeve 14, a sleeve 15 and a first baffle 12;

[0051] A first limiting structure 164 is circumferentially arranged on the connecting shaft 16, a second limiting structure 141 is arranged on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 14, a first guiding structure 142 is arranged on the outer wall of the limiting sleeve 14, and a second guiding structure 151 is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve 15;

[0052] The connecting shaft 16 is slidably connected with the limiting sleeve 14 and coaxially assembled, and the limiting sleeve 14 is slidably connected with the sleeve 15 and coaxially assembled;

[0053] When the limiting sleeve 14 slides relative to the sleeve 15 to the locking position, the first limiting structure 164 is clamped with the second limiting structure 141; when the limiting sleeve 14 slides relative to the sleeve 15 to the unlocking position, the first limiting structure 164 is separated from the second limiting structure 141;

[0054] The first guiding structure 142 is slidably connected with the second guiding structure 151;

[0055] The first baffle 12 is fixedly connected with the sleeve 15 to limit the separation of the limiting sleeve 14 from the sleeve 15.

[0056] Specifically, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, a locking device 10 provided by the present invention includes a connecting shaft 16, a limiting sleeve 14, a sleeve 15, and a first baffle 11. The connecting shaft 16 is connected to the vehicle body. The structure of the connecting shaft 16 can be a stepped shaft, and is provided with a first limiting structure 164. The limiting sleeve 14 can be in the shape of a cylindrical sleeve or a square tube, and is provided with a second limiting structure 141 and a first guiding structure 142. The sleeve 15 is selected to be in the shape of a cylindrical sleeve corresponding to the limiting sleeve 14, or can also be a square tube, and is provided with a second guiding structure 151. The connecting shaft 16 is slidably connected to the limiting sleeve 14 and coaxially assembled. The limiting sleeve 14 is slidably connected to the sleeve 15 and coaxially assembled. When the limiting sleeve 14 slides relative to the sleeve 15 to the locking position, the first limiting structure 164 is clamped with the second limiting structure 141. When the limiting sleeve 14 slides relative to the sleeve 15 to the unlocking position, the first limiting structure 164 is separated from the second limiting structure 141; the first guiding structure 142 is slidably connected to the second guiding structure 151. The first baffle 12 can be in the shape of a circular gasket or a square gasket. The first baffle 12 and the sleeve 15 can be fixedly connected by bolts, or can also be connected by bonding or welding to prevent the limiting sleeve 14 from separating from the sleeve 15.

[0057] In the locking device of the present invention, the limiting sleeve can reciprocate along the sleeve, realizing the clamping or disengagement of the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure. When the limiting sleeve slides relative to the sleeve to the locking position, the rotation of the connecting shaft is effectively restricted. During long-term use, the service life and reliability of the connecting shaft under vehicle bumps and frequent loading and unloading can be improved.

[0058] Further, referring to Figure 1 , the locking device 10 further includes a reset member 17;

[0059] Along the axial direction of the connecting shaft 16, the reset member 17 is arranged between the second limiting structure 141 and the sleeve 15;

[0060] When the limiting sleeve 14 slides relative to the sleeve 15 to the unlocking position, the reset member 17 is in a compressed state.

[0061] Specifically, the reset member 17 has elasticity and can adaptively adjust the amount of expansion and contraction when subjected to an external force; apply a force to make the limiting sleeve 14 slide relative to the sleeve 15, and apply a torque to fixedly install the connecting shaft 16 to the vehicle body. At this time, the reset member 17 is in a compressed state. When the applied force is zero, the reset member 17 provides a restoring force to make the limiting sleeve 14 slide relative to the sleeve 15 to the locking position; when the limiting sleeve 14 slides relative to the sleeve 15 to the unlocking position, the reset member 17 is in a compressed state. Apply a torque to disengage the connecting shaft 16 from the vehicle body. When the applied force is zero, the reset member 17 provides a restoring force to make the limiting sleeve 14 slide relative to the sleeve 15, and the limiting sleeve 14 is reset.

[0062] Further, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , and Figure 4 , the reset member 17 is a spring;

[0063] The spring is sleeved on the connecting shaft.

[0064] Specifically, the inner diameter of the spring is d11, and the outer diameter is d12. To make the spring located between the sleeve 15 and the limit sleeve 14, the outer diameter d12 of the spring is 2 mm to 4 mm smaller than the inner diameter d6 of the second limit structure 141; to make the spring sleeved on the connecting shaft 16, the inner diameter d11 of the spring is 2 mm to 4 mm larger than the diameter d2 of the sleeved area of the connecting shaft 16.

[0065] A spring is a part with good elasticity, having characteristics such as easy deformation and large elasticity. Within the limit range of the spring, the magnitude of the spring force is directly proportional to the elongation of the spring. When a force is applied to compress the spring or the spring returns to its natural state, the telescopic length of the spring can be directly determined. When a travel switch or other position sensors are not used, the moving position of the limit sleeve 14 can also be directly determined, making the structure simpler and the operation more convenient.

[0066] Further, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the connecting shaft 16 is a stepped shaft, and the connecting shaft 16 successively includes a threaded portion 162, a smooth shaft portion 163, and a loading portion 165;

[0067] The first limit portion 164 is disposed on the surface of the smooth shaft portion 163, and the first limit portion 164 protrudes from the smooth shaft portion 163;

[0068] The threaded portion 162 extends out of the sleeve 15, and the loading portion 165 is located within the limit sleeve 14.

[0069] Specifically, the optical axis portion 163 is a smooth cylindrical surface with a diameter of d2, the diameter of the first limiting portion 164 is d3, and the size d3 > d2. The outer diameter of the loading portion 165 is d4, and the dimensional relationship between the loading portion 165 and the first limiting portion 164 is d3 > d4. A stepped structure is formed at the transition part between the threaded portion 162 and the optical axis portion 163. In order to axially position the connecting shaft 16, a stop structure in the shape of a disc cover is provided at the end of the sleeve 15. When the connecting shaft 16 is inserted into the sleeve 15, the stepped structure and the stop structure are in pressing contact with each other, so that the stop structure can limit the axial movement of the connecting shaft 16. The connecting shaft 16 is provided with a threaded portion 162, an optical axis portion 163, and a loading portion 165 for fastening and installing on the vehicle body. The stepped shaft method can realize the machining of each part of the connecting shaft 16 to facilitate the cooperation of the connecting shaft 16 with other parts. For example, the reset member 17 is selected as a spring, and the spring is sleeved in the area of the optical axis portion 163, so that the spring is separated from the threaded portion 162. The first limiting structure 164 is arranged on the surface of the optical axis portion 163, and its position protrudes from the optical axis portion 163. The processing technology of the first limiting structure 164 is simple, the manufacturing difficulty is reduced, and the connecting shaft 16 is matched with the limiting sleeve 14, and the force applied makes the movement of the limiting sleeve 14 unrestricted. The threaded portion 162 extends out of the sleeve 15 to connect the connecting shaft 16 to the vehicle body, which can prevent the locking device from interfering with the vehicle body.

[0070] Further, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the connecting shaft 16 further includes a guiding portion 161;

[0071] The guiding portion 161 is connected to one end of the threaded portion 162 away from the optical axis portion 163.

[0072] Specifically, the connecting shaft 16 is provided with a guiding portion 161, and the outer diameter of the guiding portion 161 is d1; when the connecting shaft 16 is tightened or loosened, it can guide the direction of the threaded portion 162 to prevent damage to the threaded portion 162. It is arranged at one end away from the optical axis portion 163, with a reasonable and simple structure, reliable connection, convenient use, and at the same time having anti-loosening and guiding functions, and good practicability.

[0073] Further, referring to Figure 2 , the guiding portion 161 is arranged as a curved surface structure; or, the guiding portion 161 is arranged as a chamfer structure.

[0074] Specifically, the diameter of the threaded portion 162 is d1, and the dimensional relationship with the optical axis portion 163 and the first limiting structure 164 is d3 > d2 > d1. The dimensional relationship of the first limiting structure 164 is d3 > d2 > d1. The guiding portion 161 is set as a curved surface structure. When applying a torque to tightly install and connect the shaft 16, the curved surface structure of the guiding portion 161 abuts against the inner wall of the hole of the vehicle body device, which can reduce the friction between the threaded portion 162 and the inner wall of the vehicle body hole. Alternatively, the guiding portion 161 is set as a chamfer structure, which can be processed first before processing the threaded portion 162. The processing technology is simple. When the connecting shaft 16 is installed and tightened, stress concentration can be reduced, and the strength of the connecting shaft 16 can be enhanced. If the vehicle body installation hole is a round hole and the end face is processed into a chamfer of about 45°, the guiding portion 161 is easy to cooperate with the vehicle body installation hole.

[0075] Further, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the first limiting structure 164 is set as an external spline, and the second limiting structure 141 is set as an internal spline.

[0076] Specifically, the first limiting structure 161 is set as an external gear, the second limiting structure 141 is set as an internal gear, or the first limiting structure 164 is set as an external spline, and the second limiting structure 141 is set as an internal spline.

[0077] The large diameter of the inner gear or internal spline selected for the limiting sleeve 14 is d7, the height of the upper part of the gear or spline is L2, the inner diameter of the upper part is d6, L2 is not zero, d6 is greater than the root diameter d7 of the inner gear or internal spline, the inner diameter of the lower part of the inner gear or internal spline is d8, d8 is less than d6, the height is L3, L3 is greater than L2, and L3 is greater than the length of the loading portion 165.

[0078] The first limiting structure 161 is set as an external spline, and the second limiting structure 141 is set as an internal spline; the spline limit uses the mutual meshing and positioning of the internal and external splines. The spline has many teeth, the tooth ends and tooth roots are thick, the load-bearing capacity is strong, it is easy to automatically center, and the installation accuracy is high. Under the same outer dimension, the minor diameter of the spline is large, which is beneficial to increasing the stiffness of the connecting shaft. The involute spline is convenient for adopting non-chip processing technology methods such as cold rolling, cold forging, and cold extrusion, with high production efficiency, high precision, and material saving.

[0079] Further, referring to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the first guiding structure 142 is set as a slide, and the second guiding structure 151 is set as a chute;

[0080] The cross-section of the sliding table is convex, and the cross-section of the sliding groove is concave.

[0081] Specifically, along the circumferential direction of the limit sleeve 14, the first guiding structure 142 is arranged as symmetrically distributed sliding tables. The width of the sliding table is L1, and the diameter is d5. Along the circumferential direction of the sleeve 15, the second guiding structure 151 is arranged as symmetrically distributed sliding grooves. The width of the sliding table is L4, and the diameter is d13. To enable the first guiding structure 142 to slide along the second guiding structure 151, the constraint relationship is that L1 is 0.5 mm to 1 mm smaller than L4, and d5 is 0.5 mm to 1 mm smaller than d13.

[0082] The sliding table slides along the sliding groove to realize the linear reciprocating motion of the limit sleeve 14, which can achieve high-precision linear motion under high load conditions, and can also bear a certain torque, being efficient and durable.

[0083] Furthermore, referring to Figure 10 and Figure 11 , the locking device 10 further includes a second baffle 13;

[0084] The second baffle 13 is fixedly connected to the limit sleeve 14 to prevent the connecting shaft 16 from separating from the limit sleeve.

[0085] Specifically, the second baffle 13 can be selected as a circular washer shape, with an inner diameter of d9 and an outer diameter of d10. The inner diameter of the second baffle 13 is smaller than the diameter d3 of the optical axis portion 163, and the outer diameter is smaller than the diameter of the limit sleeve. The second baffle 13 and the limit sleeve 14 can be adhesively fixed using QIS-5011 strong AB glue or other adhesives with the same function to prevent the connecting shaft 16 from separating from the limit sleeve, limit the connecting shaft 16, and can increase the contact area of the connecting shaft, reduce the pressure it receives, and prevent the connecting shaft 16 from loosening.

[0086] Furthermore, referring to Figure 3 , the loading portion is provided with a polygonal counterbore.

[0087] Specifically, the loading portion 165 is provided with a polygonal counterbore, which can be an internal hexagonal counterbore or an internal hexagonal socket head cap screw counterbore. The fastening force is large, and corresponding disassembly and assembly tools can provide a large torque, reducing the applied force, and the disassembly and assembly are convenient, which can improve the disassembly and assembly efficiency.

[0088] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a battery pack assembly, which includes any one of the aforementioned locking devices 10.

[0089] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a vehicle, which includes the battery pack assembly.

[0090] Specifically, the locking device 10 of this embodiment can be applied to the installation of the battery pack and the vehicle body of any new energy electric vehicle, improving the battery swapping efficiency of the vehicle and reducing the waiting time of users.

[0091] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking device, characterized in that, Comprising: A connecting shaft, a limiting sleeve, a sleeve and a first baffle; A first limiting structure is circumferentially arranged on the connecting shaft, a second limiting structure is arranged on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve, a first guiding structure is arranged on the outer wall of the limiting sleeve, and a second guiding structure is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve; The connecting shaft is slidably connected with the limiting sleeve and coaxially assembled, and the limiting sleeve is slidably connected with the sleeve and coaxially assembled; the connecting shaft has a threaded portion which extends out of the sleeve; When the limiting sleeve slides relative to the sleeve to the locking position, the first limiting structure is clamped with the second limiting structure; when the limiting sleeve slides relative to the sleeve to the unlocking position, the first limiting structure is separated from the second limiting structure; The first guiding structure is slidably connected with the second guiding structure; The first baffle is fixedly connected with the sleeve to limit the separation of the limiting sleeve from the sleeve; The locking device further includes a second baffle; The second baffle is fixedly connected with the limiting sleeve to limit the separation of the connecting shaft from the limiting sleeve.

2. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking device further includes a reset member; Axially along the connecting shaft, the reset member is arranged between the second limiting structure and the sleeve; When the limiting sleeve slides relative to the sleeve to the unlocking position, the reset member is in a compressed state.

3. The locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reset member is a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the connecting shaft.

4. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting shaft is a stepped shaft, and the connecting shaft further includes a smooth shaft portion and a loading portion; the threaded portion is successively connected with the smooth shaft portion and the loading portion; The first limiting portion is arranged on the surface of the smooth shaft portion, and the first limiting portion protrudes from the smooth shaft portion; The loading portion is located within the limiting sleeve.

5. The locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting shaft further includes a guiding portion; The guiding portion is connected to one end of the threaded portion away from the smooth shaft portion.

6. The locking device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guiding portion is arranged as a curved surface structure; or, the guiding portion is arranged as a chamfer structure.

7. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first limiting structure is arranged as an external spline, and the second limiting structure is arranged as an internal spline.

8. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first guiding structure is arranged as a slide table, and the second guiding structure is arranged as a sliding groove; The cross section of the sliding groove is concave, and the cross section of the slide table is convex.

9. The locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The loading portion is provided with a polygonal counterbore.

10. A battery pack assembly, characterized in that, The battery pack assembly includes the locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes the battery pack assembly according to claim 10.

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