Remote Interference Management Reference Signal

Abstract

Systems, apparatus, methods, and computer-readable media for remote interference management (RIM) in wireless networks are provided, including transmitting a RIM reference signal (RIM-RS) to help an interfered radio access network (RAN) node identify an interferer RNA node due to, for example, an atmospheric waveguide. The RIM-RS is also bandwidth-flexible so that the RIM-RS can be detected by an interferer RAN node with different bandwidth configurations. Other embodiments are also described and / or claimed.

Description

[0001] Related patent applications

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 739,098, filed on September 28, 2018, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0003] Various embodiments of the present patent application relate generally to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to remote interference management (RIM) techniques. Background Art

[0004] In commercial long-term evolution (LTE) time division duplex (TDD) networks with a relatively large number of macrocell radio access network (RAN) nodes (e.g., evolved Node B (eNB)), the total interference-to-thermal-noise ratio (IoT) at the eNB is observed to intermittently degrade, which seriously affects network coverage and successful connection rates. IoT statistics from RAN nodes in regions with predicted tropospheric bending and symptoms that vary with artificially constructed transmission patterns indicate that downlink (DL) signaling from remote RAN nodes induces this IoT degradation whenever atmospheric conditions are favorable for generating tropospheric bending of radio waves. It is expected that NR TDD deployments may also suffer from atmospheric waveguide interference.

[0005] Adaptive mechanisms can be used to mitigate the impact of such long-range interference without severely sacrificing network resources. Some of the adaptive mechanisms involve the interfered party being triggered to transmit a specific signal in a window in response to detecting an abnormal IoT enhancement. Each RAN node that detects the specific signal in the window identifies itself as a contributor to the degraded IoT in some nodes, and it can then take some actions, such as reconfiguring the guard period (GP) or some other parameters to reduce its contribution to the interference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 The architecture of a system of networks according to some embodiments is shown. Figure 2 An exemplary scenario of an atmospheric duct with respect to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 3 An exemplary Remote Interference Management Reference Signal (RIM-RS) structure is shown in accordance with various embodiments. Figure 4 Examples of first and second reference points for RIM-RS time and frequency resource allocation according to various embodiments are shown. Figure 5 Exemplary RIM-RS sequence lengths and frequency reuse according to various embodiments are shown. Figure 6 The performance results of RIM-RS for different sequence lengths are shown. Figure 7Examples of infrastructure equipment according to various embodiments are shown. Figure 8 An example of a communication circuit that can be used to practice the embodiments discussed herein is shown. Figures 9 and 10 Exemplary procedures for practicing the various embodiments discussed herein are shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0007] Embodiments discussed herein provide techniques for remote interference management (RIM) in wireless networks, including transmitting a RIM reference signal (RIM-RS) to help a radio access network (RAN) node identify interference sources due to, for example, atmospheric ducts. Embodiments herein are also bandwidth flexible so that RIM-RS can be detected by RAN nodes with different bandwidth configurations. Other embodiments are also described and / or claimed.

[0008] See now Figure 1 , wherein an exemplary architecture of a system 100 of a network according to various embodiments is shown. The following description is provided for an exemplary system 100 operating in conjunction with a fifth generation (5G) or new radio (NR) system standard or a long term evolution (LTE) system standard as provided by the third generation partnership project (3GPP) technical specifications. However, the exemplary embodiments are not limited in this regard, and the embodiments may be applied to other networks that benefit from the principles described herein, such as future 3GPP systems (e.g., sixth generation (6G)) systems, IEEE 802.16 protocols (e.g., wireless metropolitan area networks (WMANs), world-wide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX)), etc.), etc.

[0009] like Figure 1As shown, system 100 includes user equipment (UE) 101a and UE 101b (collectively referred to as "multiple UE 101" or "UE 101"). UE 101 is any device with radio communication capabilities (such as a wireless communication interface) and describes a remote user of network resources in a communication network. In this example, UE 101 is shown as a smart phone, but may also include any mobile or non-mobile computing device, such as a consumer tablet, wearable device, desktop computer, laptop computer, in-vehicle infotainment (IVI) device, head-up display (HUD) device, Internet of Things (IoT) device, embedded system or microcontroller, networking or "smart" device, etc. UE 101 includes various hardware elements, such as baseband circuits, memory circuits, radio frequency (RF) circuits, and interface circuits (e.g., input / output (I / O) interfaces), some or all of which may be coupled to each other via suitable interconnect (IX) technology. The RF circuitry includes various hardware elements (e.g., switches, filters, amplifiers, digital signal processors (DSPs), etc.) configured to enable communication with a wireless network using electromagnetic radiation modulated through a non-solid medium. The electronic components may be arranged to down-convert a received RF signal through a receive signal path (or receive (Rx) RF chain) and provide a baseband signal to a baseband circuit, and may be arranged to up-convert a baseband signal provided by the baseband circuit through a transmit signal path and provide an RF output signal to an antenna array via a front-end module for transmission. The baseband circuitry and the RF circuitry allow the UE 101 to connect or communicatively couple with a radio access network (RAN) 110.

[0010] UE 101b is shown as being configured to access access point (AP) 106 via connection 107. Connection 107 may include a wireless local area network (WLAN) connection conforming to any IEEE 802.11 protocol, where AP 106 may be a wireless local area network (WLAN) connection. Routers, gateway devices, etc. In this example, AP 106 is shown connected to the Internet without being connected to the core network of the wireless system (described in further detail below). In various embodiments, UE 101b, RAN 110 and AP 106 can be configured to utilize LTE-WLAN aggregation (LWA) operation and / or LTE / WLAN radio level operation integrated with IPsec tunnel (LWIP).

[0011] RAN 110 is a set of RAN nodes 111 that implement a radio access technology (RAT); as used herein, the term "RAT" refers to a type of technology used for radio access, such as NR, E-UTRA, WiFi / WLAN, etc. A set of RAN nodes 111 in RAN 110 are connected to each other via interface 112 and to CN 120 through interface 113. In an embodiment, when system 100 is a UTRAN or GERAN system, RAN 110 can be a universal terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) or a mobile expert group (GSM) / enhanced data rate for GSM (EDGE) RAN (GERAN), when system 100 is an LTE or 4G system, RAN can be an evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN), or when system 100 is a NR / 5G system, RAN can be a next generation (NG) RAN or 5G RAN. UE 101 utilizes connections (or channels) 103 and 104, respectively, each connection including a physical communication interface or layer. As used herein, the term "channel" or "link" refers to any tangible or intangible transmission medium for transmitting data or data streams. In addition, as used herein, the term "link" refers to a connection between two devices for transmitting and receiving information through a RAT. Figure 1 In the figure, connections 103 and 104 are shown as air interfaces to achieve communication coupling, and may conform to cellular communication protocols such as GSM, code division multiple access (CDMA), push-to-talk (PTT) and / or cellular PPT (POC), UMTS, LTE, 5G / NR, etc. UE 101 may also directly exchange data via a proximity service (ProSe) or sidelink (SL) interface 105 including one or more physical and / or logical SL channels.

[0012] The RAN 110 includes one or more RAN nodes 111a and 111b (collectively referred to as "multiple RAN nodes 111" or "RAN node 111") that enable connections 103 and 104. The RAN node 111 is an infrastructure equipment that provides radio baseband functions for data and / or voice connectivity between a network (e.g., core network (CN) 120) and one or more users (e.g., UE 101). The RAN node 111 may be referred to as a Node B 111 in a UMTS system, an evolved Node B (eNB) 111 in an LTE system, a next generation Node B (gNB) 111 or a next generation eNB (ng-eNB) in a 5G / NR system, a road side unit (RSU) specifically implemented by vehicle-to-everything (V2X), and the like.

[0013] The RAN nodes 111 may include ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points) or satellite stations that provide coverage within a geographic area (e.g., a cell). The RAN nodes 111 may be implemented as one or more dedicated physical devices such as macrocell base stations and / or low-power base stations for providing femtocells, picocells, or other similar cells with smaller coverage areas, smaller user capacity, or higher bandwidth (BW) than macrocells. Any of the RAN nodes 111 may serve as an end point for an air interface protocol and may be the first point of contact for UE 101. In some embodiments, any of the RAN nodes 111 may perform various logical functions of the RAN 110, including but not limited to the functions of a radio network controller (RNC), such as radio bearer management, uplink and downlink dynamic radio resource management, data packet scheduling, and mobility management.

[0014] In some embodiments, all or part of the RAN node 111 may be implemented as one or more software entities running on a server computer as part of a virtual network (e.g., cloud RAN (CRAN), virtual baseband unit pool (vBBUP), etc.). In these embodiments, the RAN node 111 may implement RAN functional splitting, where different protocol entities are operated by different elements. The term "element" as used herein refers to a unit that is indivisible at a given level of abstraction and has clearly defined boundaries. One or more RAN nodes 111 may represent a network connected to a server computer via a corresponding F1 interface ( Figure 1 In some implementations, the gNB-DU may include one or more remote radio heads or RFEMs, and the gNB-CU may be operated by a server (not shown) located in the RAN 110 or by a pool of servers in a manner similar to CRAN / vBBUP.

[0015] The RAN nodes 111 may be configured to communicate with each other via interfaces 112. The interfaces 112 may include a user plane interface for carrying user plane data between the RAN nodes 111, and a control plane interface for carrying control signaling between the RAN nodes 111. When the system 100 is an LTE system, the interface 112 may be an X2 interface 112, and when the system 100 is a 5G / NR system, the interface 112 may be an Xn interface 112. In some embodiments, the interface 112 may be a wireless backhaul connection.

[0016] In an embodiment, UE 101 may be configured to communicate with each other or any of RAN nodes 111 on a multi-carrier communication channel using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication signals according to various communication techniques, such as but not limited to OFDMA communication techniques (e.g., for DL ​​communication) or single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) communication techniques (e.g., for UL and ProSe / SL communication), although the scope of the embodiment is not limited in this respect. OFDM signals may include multiple orthogonal subcarriers.

[0017] DL transmissions and UL transmissions may be organized into frames having a duration of 10 ms, where each frame includes ten 1 ms subframes and each subframe includes an integer number of time slots. A time-frequency radio resource grid may be used to indicate the physical resources in the DL or UL in the corresponding time slot. Each column and each row of the DL resource grid corresponds to an OFDM symbol and an OFDM subcarrier, respectively, and each column and each row of the UL resource grid corresponds to an SC-FDMA symbol and an SC-FDMA subcarrier, respectively. There is one resource grid for a given antenna port p, subcarrier spacing (SCS) configuration μ, and transmission direction (DL or UL). The frequency position of a subcarrier refers to the center frequency of that subcarrier. Each element in the resource grid for antenna port p and SCS configuration μ is called a resource element (RE) and is represented by (k, l) p,μ uniquely identifies, where k is an index in the frequency domain (e.g., k is a subcarrier index relative to a reference or reference point), and l refers to a symbol position in the time domain relative to some reference point (e.g., l is an OFDM symbol index relative to a reference or reference point). RE(k,l) p,μ Corresponding to physical resources and complex values In other words, is the value of RE(k,l) for antenna port p and SCS configuration μ. A collection of REs constitutes a resource block (RB), which is usually defined as The antenna ports are defined such that the channel on which a symbol on the antenna port is transmitted can be inferred from the channel on which another symbol on the same antenna port is transmitted. The two antenna ports are considered quasi-co-located if a large-scale property of the channel on which a symbol on one antenna port is transmitted can be inferred from the channel on which a symbol on another antenna port is transmitted. Large-scale properties include one or more of delay spread, Doppler spread, Doppler shift, average gain, average delay, and spatial Rx parameters.

[0018] Bandwidth Part (BWP) is the BWP used on a given carrier. i. The UE 101 may be configured to have up to four BWPs in the DL, with a single downlink BWP being active at a given time. The UE 101 is not expected to receive PDSCH, PDCCH, or CSI-RS (except RRM) outside of the active BWP. The UE 101 may be configured to have up to four BWPs in the UL, with a single UL BWP being active at a given time. The UE 101 does not transmit PUSCH or PUCCH outside of the active BWP. For active cells, the UE 101 does not transmit SRS outside of the active BWP.

[0019] There are several different physical channels and physical signals transmitted using RBs, physical RBs (PRBs) and / or separate REs. A physical channel corresponds to a group of REs that carry information from a higher layer. Physical channels include physical UL channels (e.g., physical UL shared channel (PUSCH), physical UL control channel (PUCCH), physical random access channel (PRACH), etc.) and physical DL channels (e.g., physical DL shared channel (PDSCH), physical DL control channel (PDCCH), physical broadcast channel (PBCH), etc.). Physical signals are used by the physical layer (PHY) but do not carry information from a higher layer. Physical signals include physical UL signals (e.g., demodulation reference signal (DMRS), phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), sounding reference signal (SRS), etc.) and physical DL signals (e.g., DMRS, PTRS, channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), etc.). According to various embodiments, the physical DL signal and / or the physical UL signal also includes a RIM-RS.

[0020] The PDSCH carries user data and high-layer signaling to the UE 101, and the PDCCH carries DL resource allocation information for receiving the PDSCH. Each UE 101 monitors a set of PDCCH candidates on one or more activated serving cells as configured by high-layer signaling for control information (e.g., downlink control information (DCI)), where monitoring means attempting to decode a set of PDCCH candidates according to one or more monitored DCI formats (e.g., DCI formats 0 to 6-2, as discussed in Section 5.3.3 of 3GPP TS 38.212v15.1.1 (2018-04), DCI formats 0_0 to 2_3, as discussed in Section 7.3 of 3GPP TS 38.212v15.1.1 (2018-04), etc.). The DCI includes, among other things, DL allocations and / or UL scheduling grants, including, for example, modulation and coding formats, resource allocations, and HARQ information, as well as other information / commands. Each UE 101 monitors (or attempts to decode) a corresponding group of PDCCH candidates at one or more configured monitoring occasions according to a UE or cell-specific search space (for LTE systems), or monitors (or attempts to decode) a corresponding group of PDCCH candidates at one or more configured monitoring occasions in one or more configured control resource sets (CORESETs) according to a corresponding search space configuration (for NR / 5G systems).

[0021] RAN 110 is shown as being communicatively coupled to a core network (CN) 120, which includes one or more network elements 122 configured to provide various data and telecommunication services to customers / users (e.g., users of UE 101) connected to CN 120 via RAN 110. The term "network element" as used herein refers to a physical or virtualized device and / or infrastructure for providing wired or wireless communication network services, and may be considered synonymous with and / or referred to as a networked computer, networking hardware, network equipment, network node, router, switch, hub, bridge, radio network controller (RNC), RAN equipment, RAN node, gateway, server, cloud node, virtualized network function (VNF), NFV infrastructure (NFVI), etc. Network element 122 may be one or more server computer systems that may implement various CN elements (e.g., network functions (NF) and / or application functions (AF)), such as those discussed herein. The components of CN120 can be implemented in one physical node or in separate physical nodes, including components for reading and executing instructions from a machine-readable or computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium). In some embodiments, network function virtualization (NFV) can be used to virtualize any or all network node functions (described in further detail below) via executable instructions stored in one or more computer-readable storage media. A logical instance of CN 120 can be referred to as a network slice, and a logical instance of a portion of CN 120 can be referred to as a network sub-slice. As used herein, the term "instantiation" and the like refer to the creation of an instance, and "instance" refers to the specific appearance of an object, which can occur, for example, during the execution of a program code. The NFV architecture and infrastructure can be used to virtualize one or more network functions onto physical resources comprising a combination of industry-standard server hardware, storage hardware, or switches (alternatively performed by proprietary hardware). In other words, the NFV system can be used to perform a virtual or reconfigurable implementation of one or more NF / AFs.

[0022] In embodiments where CN 120 is an evolved packet core (EPC) in an LTE system, one or more network elements 122 may include or operate one or more mobility management entities (MMEs), serving gateways (S-GWs), PDN gateways (P-GWs), home subscriber servers (HSSs), policy control and charging rules functions (PCRFs), and / or other similar LTE CN elements. In these embodiments, E-UTRAN 110 may be connected to EPC 120 via an S1 interface 113. In these embodiments, S1 interface 113 may be divided into two parts: an S1-U interface 114, which carries traffic data between RAN node 111 and S-GW; and an S1-MME interface 115, which is a signaling interface between RAN node 111 and MME. In addition, the P-GW within EPC 120 may route data packets between EPC 120 and external networks such as networks including packet data networks (PDNs) 130 via an Internet Protocol (IP) interface 125. The PDN 130 may be an operator-external public or private PDN (eg, an enterprise network, a cloud computing service, etc.) or an operator-internal PDN (eg, for providing IMS and / or IP-CAN services).

[0023] In an embodiment where the CN 120 is a 5GC 120, the network element 122 may implement one or more instances of an authentication server function (AUSF), an access and mobility management function (AMF), a session management function (SMF), a network exposure function (NEF), a policy control function (PCF), a NF repository function (NRF), a unified data management (UDM) entity, an AF, a user plane function (UPF), a short message service function (SMSF), a non-3GPP interworking function (N3IWF), a network slice selection function (NSSF), and / or other similar NR NFs. In such embodiments, the NG-RAN 110 may be connected to the 5GC 120 via an NG interface 113. In these embodiments, the NG interface 113 may be divided into two parts: an NG-U interface 114, which carries traffic data between the RAN node 111 and the UPF; and an NG-C interface 115, which is a signaling interface between the RAN node 111 and the AMF. In addition, the UPF within the 5GC 120 may perform packet routing, filtering, inspection, forwarding, etc. between the 5GC 120 and an external network such as a data network (DN) 130 via the IP interface 125. The DN 130 may represent one or more DNs including one or more local area DNs (LADNs), and may be an operator-external public, private PDN, or an operator-internal PDN, as described above.

[0024] The CN 120 is shown to be communicatively coupled to the PDN / DN 130 via an IP communication interface 125. The PDN / DN 130 may include one or more application servers (AS). The application server (and network element 122) includes one or more physical and / or virtualized systems for providing functions (or services) to one or more clients (e.g., UE 101) via a network. Such servers may include various computer devices having rack computing architecture components, tower computing architecture components, blade computing architecture components, etc. The server may represent a server cluster, a server group, a cloud computing service, or other groupings or pools of servers that may be located in one or more data centers. The server may also be connected to one or more data storage devices (not shown) or otherwise associated with one or more data storage devices. In general, the AS 130 provides applications or services that use IP / network resources. As an example, the server may provide traffic management services, cloud computing services, content streaming services, immersive gaming experiences, social networking and / or microblogging services, one or more communication services (e.g., VoIP sessions, PTT sessions, group communication sessions, social networking services, etc.), and / or other similar services to the UE 101 via the CN 120.

[0025] Remote interference has been observed in commercial time division duplex (TDD)-LTE networks with macro cell deployments, where a relatively large number of eNBs intermittently suffer from degraded thermal interference (IoT) with values ​​above -105dBm, which severely affects network coverage and successful connection rates. This IoT degradation is caused by downlink (DL) signaling from remote eNBs up to 300km away due to atmospheric ducting. Atmospheric ducting is a propagation mode of electromagnetic radiation, typically in the lower layers of the Earth's atmosphere, where the waves are bent due to atmospheric refraction. An example of this phenomenon is given by Figure 2 200B is shown. An atmospheric duct is a horizontal layer in the lower atmosphere where a vertical refractive index gradient causes the radio signal to be guided or conveyed to tend to follow the curvature of the earth, and the radio signal experiences less attenuation in the duct layer (e.g., a higher refractive index layer) than it would experience if the duct were not present. The duct acts as an atmospheric dielectric duct and limits the wavefront expansion to only the horizontal dimension. Atmospheric duct interference (ADI) is often referred to as "long-range interference", and RIM is used to mitigate uplink (UL) channel degradation caused by long-range interference caused by long-range DL channels, such as Figure 2 As shown in scene 200A.

[0026] For a RIM solution in which some mitigation actions are taken by the interference source, the interference source needs to be identified. Here, an "interference source" refers to a network element (e.g., RAN node 111a) that interferes with another network element (e.g., RAN node 111b); a network element interfered by an interference source (e.g., RAN node 111b) is referred to as an "interference victim", etc. To this end, embodiments include a reference signal (referred to as a RIM reference signal (RIM-RS) that is used by a RAN node 111 (e.g., a gNB) to measure inter-cell interference and provide information about interference experienced by other RAN nodes 111 (e.g., gNBs). In an embodiment, the RIM-RS is transmitted by the interfered object to help interferers discover that they are causing remote interference to the interfered object. The interferers may also use the RIM-RS to estimate how much of the UL resources of the interfered object are affected by the interferer. As discussed in more detail below, various embodiments of the RIM-RS are provided to accommodate different available BWs for different RAN nodes 111. According to various embodiments, up to two different types of RIM-RS may be configured, including a first RIM-RS type that may be used to transmit information (hereinafter referred to as "RIM-RS type 1") and a second RIM-RS type that depends only on the configuration (hereinafter referred to as "RIM-RS type 2"). Details regarding reference sequence structure, time and frequency patterns, BW, and multiplexing of RIM-RS are discussed below.

[0027] Figure 3 An exemplary RIM-RS structure 300 is shown according to various embodiments. In various embodiments, RIM-RS 300 includes a cyclic prefix (CP), multiple repetitions of a base time-domain sequence, and a gap period (GP) (sometimes referred to as a "guard period").

[0028] Since the inter-RAN node 111 channel in the RIM scenario is typically a single path channel, a normal CP can be used. For example, for a 15kHz SCS, the CP may be 4.7μs (see, e.g., Table 1 below), or for a 15kHz SCS or some other SCS, the CP may be 9.4μs. Figure 3 In the example of , the sequence is repeated twice and the total length of the RS is two symbols. In some embodiments, the base sequence may be slightly shorter than one symbol to provide enough space to include the CP in the symbol. For a detection window size equal to one symbol, the structure of the RIM-RS 300 ensures that there is at least one detection window at the receiver that is completely spanned by the RS, regardless of the delay. The RIM-RS structure 300 reduces the detection complexity at the receiver because it requires symbol-level cross-correlation and avoids performing cross-correlation at the sample level. The SCS for the RIM-RS can be the same as the DL SCS, or a fixed SCS independent of the DL SCS can be used.

[0029] Figure 4 4 shows a RIM-RS time and frequency resource allocation 400 according to various embodiments. Figure 4 In the example, resources marked as "D" are resources used for DL ​​transmission, and resources marked as "U" refer to resources used for UL transmission. In this example, each RAN node 111 has a DL boundary and a UL boundary. The DL boundary is the boundary between the DL time domain resources and the guard period (GP), and the UL boundary is the boundary between the GP and the UL time domain resources. In some embodiments, the GP for RIM-RS may be different from the GP between DL and UL in the TDD DL / UL cycle. The network (e.g., Figure 1 The RAN nodes 111 (e.g., macro cell gNBs) in the system 100 are synchronized and have a common understanding of DL transmission boundaries and UL transmission boundaries, which indicate the end boundaries of the corresponding DL transmission and the corresponding UL transmission, respectively. The common understanding of the DL transmission boundary is that the first reference point is the maximum / last DL boundary across the RAN nodes 111 in the network, and the common understanding of the UL transmission boundary is that the second reference point is the minimum / earliest UL boundary across all RAN nodes 111 in the network. Figure 4 In some embodiments, the UL boundaries coincide exactly, however in other embodiments, the UL boundaries may not align. In some embodiments, the CP may be 4.7 μs for 15 kHz SCS. In other embodiments, the CP is twice this, for example, 9.4 μs for 15 kHz SCS.

[0030] For the resource mapping of RIM-RS in the time domain, the RIM-RS position is fixed to be exactly Figure 4 This provides a fixed time reference that is used to estimate the propagation delay between the interferer RAN node 111a and the victim RAN node 111b, and to estimate the number of semi-static UL symbols at the victim RAN node 111b that suffers from remote interference due to the interferer RAN node 111a. In addition, the RIM-RS may be mapped to consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.

[0031] With respect to the RIM-RS BW length, since the RAN node 111 may be able to operate at different BWs, the RIM-RS may be designed to adapt to the minimum system BW (e.g., 5 MHz), or may be designed to be configurable to accommodate different BW scenarios. Figure 5 Implementations associated with these different BW lengths are discussed.

[0032] Figure 5Exemplary RIM-RS sequence length and frequency reuse implementations are shown, including Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences and pseudo-noise (PN) sequences (also referred to as "pseudo-random sequences", etc.). For a ZC sequence-based RIM-RS 500A, the interfered RAN node 111b constructs the RIM-RS 500A by multiplexing multiple component sequences in the frequency domain, where each component sequence is a ZC sequence having a length such that the ZC sequence fits within the minimum system BW. In some embodiments, the minimum system BW is 5 MHz. In some embodiments, each component (frequency domain) sequence (e.g., each ZC sequence) may be converted into a corresponding time domain sequence.

[0033] In the ZC sequence implementation, the length is N ZC And the root index u∈{1,…,N ZC -1} is given by:

[0034]

[0035] Where n=0,…,N ZC -1, u is the root index, and length N ZC The maximum prime number that allows the sequence to fit within the minimum system BW (see, for example, Section 5.2.2.1 of 3GPP TS 38.211 v15.3.0 (2019-09) (hereinafter referred to as "TS 38.211")). In addition, j is an imaginary unit / number, such as the square root of -1 (e.g. ). For example, for a 5MHz minimum BW and a 30kHz SCS, there are 5000 / 30=166 subcarriers, so N ZC is selected as 127, and RIM-RS 500A may have 4 components, such as Figure 5 In some embodiments, all component sequences may have the same root index. In other embodiments, some or all of the component sequences may have different root indexes according to some predetermined rules or values.

[0036] In these embodiments, if the interferer has a smaller BW than the transmitted interfered RIM-RS, the interferer only uses component sequences that fall within its BW to detect the transmitted RIM-RS.

[0037] There are two implementations of the PN sequence based RIM-RS. In the first PN sequence implementation, the interfered RAN node 111b constructs the RIM-RS 500B by multiplexing multiple component sequences in the frequency domain, where each component sequence is a quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulated sequence r defined below. L(n) so that the length L fits within the minimum system BW. For example, for 20 MHz available BW, 5 MHz minimum BW and 30 kHz SCS, there are 5000 / 30 = 166 subcarriers in the minimum BW, so L can be chosen to be 128 and 4 component sequences can be used, such as Figure 5 As shown in the RIM-RS 500B.

[0038] In the second PN sequence implementation, the interfered RAN node 111 uses a QPSK modulation sequence r adapted to its available BW. L For example, for a 20 MHz available BW and a 30 kHz SCS, there are 20000 / 30=666 subcarriers, and the length L can be selected to be 512.

[0039] For any PN sequence implementation, a reference signal (eg, RIM-RS) sequence r of length L L (n) is given by:

[0040]

[0041] where r(n) = r L (n), PN sequence c(n) is of length M PN A series of 31 (or length 31) gold sequences, where n = 0, 1, ..., M PN -1, the PN sequence is defined by the following formula:

[0042] c(n)=(x1(n+N c )+x2(n+N C ))mod2

[0043] x1(n+31)=(x1(n+3)+x1(n))mod2

[0044] x2(n+31)=(x2(n+3)+x2(n+2)+x2(n+1)+x2(n))mod2

[0045] Where Nc = 1600 and the first m-sequence x1(n) is initialized to x1(0) = 1, x1(n) = 0, n = 1, 2, ..., 30. In this example, "c(2n)" and "c(2n+1)" in the reference signal sequence formula may refer to the PN sequence c(n). The initialization of the second m-sequence x2(n) is expressed as The value depends on the application of the sequence, where c initis the initial condition or initial seed value of the second m-sequence x2(n). In an embodiment, the initial condition (or application of the sequence) may be used to convey some information about the identity (ID) of the transmitter RAN node 111. In some embodiments, the sequence M PN Length = 2L.

[0046] Alternatively, for any PN sequence implementation, the reference signal (eg, RIM-RS) sequence r(m) is given by:

[0047]

[0048] Wherein the pseudo-random sequence c(m) (e.g., "c(2m)" and "c(2m+1)" in the above formula) is defined in clause 5.2.1 of TS38.211, and the pseudo-random sequence generator is initialized as:

[0049]

[0050] in

[0051] -n SCID is the scrambling code identifier, where n SCID ∈{0,1,…,2 10 -1} Resource index from the list of configured scrambling code identifiers The entries are obtained, which will be discussed in more detail below;

[0052] - The pseudo-random sequence Given in clause 5.2.1 of TS 38.211, it is initialized to where the multiplication factor γ∈{0,1,…,2 31 -1} and offset δ∈{0,1,…,2 31 -1}; and

[0053] - For Number of RIM-RS transmission cycles to start

[0054] in

[0055] - is relative to 00:00:00 on January 1, 1900 the time, in seconds, calculated as continuous time without leap seconds and traceable to a common time reference, and

[0056] - Assume that the first RIM-RS transmission period starts from The RIM-RS transmission period is in seconds, and is the total number of time slots in the RIM-RS transmission cycle (as discussed below).

[0057] For the first PN sequence implementation, if the interferer has a smaller BW than the transmitted victim RIM-RS, the interferer only uses the component sequences that fall within its BW to detect the transmitted RIM-RS. For the second PN sequence implementation, only the sequence r L The truncated portion of (n) (or r(m)) that fits within its BW is used to detect the transmitted RIM-RS.

[0058] Figure 6 Performance results for various RIM-RS implementations described herein for samples of different sequence lengths are shown. Figure 6 The graph 600 shows the curves of different sequences (see e.g. Figure 5 )’s detection probability and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

[0059] UE 101, RAN node 111, AP 106, network element 122, application server 130 and / or previously related Figures 1 to 6 Each of any other devices or systems discussed may include various hardware and / or software elements, such as those described below with respect to Figure 7 and Figure 8 Those discussed.

[0060] Figure 7 An example of infrastructure equipment 700 according to various embodiments is shown. Infrastructure equipment 700 (or "system 700") can be implemented as a base station, a radio headquarters, a RAN node (such as the RAN node 111 and / or AP 106 shown and described previously), an application server 130, and / or any other element / device discussed herein. In other examples, system 700 can be implemented in or by a UE.

[0061] System 700 includes application circuit 705, baseband circuit 710, one or more radio front end modules (RFEM) 715, memory circuit 720, power management integrated circuit (PMIC) 725, power three-way circuit 730, network controller circuit 735, network interface connector 740, satellite positioning circuit 745 and user interface 750. In some embodiments, device 700 may include additional elements, such as, for example, memory / storage, display, camera, sensor or input / output (I / O) interface. In other embodiments, the following components may be included in more than one device. For example, the circuit may be separately included in more than one device for specific implementation of CRAN, vBBU, etc. The term "circuit" as used herein refers to a circuit or a system of multiple circuits configured to perform a specific function in an electronic device. A circuit or system of circuits may be part of or include one or more hardware components configured to provide the functions, such as logic circuits, processors (shared, dedicated or group) and / or memories (shared, dedicated or group), integrated circuits (ICs), application specific ICs (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), digital signal processors (DSPs), etc. In addition, the term "circuit" may also refer to a combination of one or more hardware elements and a program code for executing the functions of the program code. Some types of circuits may execute one or more software or firmware programs to provide at least some of the functions. Such combinations of hardware elements and program codes may be referred to as specific types of circuits. As used herein, the term "processor circuit" refers to a circuit capable of sequentially and automatically performing a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations or recording, storing and / or transmitting digital data and / or any other device capable of executing or otherwise operating computer executable instructions such as program codes, software modules and / or functional processes, being a part of or including them. As used herein, the term "module" refers to one or more independent electronic circuits packaged on a circuit board, FPGA, ASIC, SoC, SiP, etc., configured to provide basic functions within a computer system. A "module" may include a processor circuit (shared, dedicated, or group) and / or a memory circuit (shared, dedicated, or group) that executes one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and / or other suitable components that provide the functionality. As used herein, the term "interface circuit" may refer to, be part of, or include: a circuit that provides information exchange between two or more components or devices. The term "interface circuit" refers to one or more hardware interfaces, such as a bus, an input / output (I / O) interface, a peripheral component interface, a network interface card, and the like.

[0062] Application circuit 705 includes circuits such as, but not limited to: one or more processors (or processor cores), cache memory, and one or more of the following: a low dropout regulator (LDO), an interrupt controller, a serial interface such as SPI, 2 C or general programmable serial interface module, real-time clock (RTC), timer-counter including interval timer and watchdog timer, general input / output (I / O or IO), memory card controller such as secure digital (SD) multimedia card (MMC) or similar products, universal serial bus (USB) interface, mobile industry processor interface (MIPI) interface and joint test access group (JTAG) test access port. The processor (or core) of application circuit 705 can be coupled with memory / storage element or can include memory / storage element, and can be configured to execute instructions stored in memory / storage element to enable various applications or operating systems to run on system 700. In some embodiments, memory / storage element can be on-chip memory circuit, which can include any suitable volatile and / or non-volatile memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, solid-state memory and / or any other type of memory device technology, such as those discussed herein.

[0063] The processor of the application circuit 705 may include, for example, one or more processor cores (CPUs), one or more application processors, one or more graphics processing units (GPUs), one or more reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, one or more Acorn RISC Machine (ARM) processors, one or more complex instruction set computing (CISC) processors, one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more FPGAs, one or more PLDs, one or more ASICs, one or more microprocessors or controllers, or any suitable combination thereof. In some embodiments, the application circuit 705 may include or may be a dedicated processor / controller for operating according to various embodiments herein. As an example, the processor of the application circuit 705 may include one or more Intel or Processor: Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) Processor, Accelerated Processing Unit (APU) or Processors; ARM-based processors such as the ARM Cortex-A series processors licensed by ARM Holdings Ltd. and provided by Cavium(TM) MIPS-based designs from MIPS Technologies, such as the MIPS Warrior P-class processor; etc. In some embodiments, system 700 may not utilize application circuit 705, and instead may include a dedicated processor / controller to process IP data received, for example, from an EPC or 5GC.

[0064] In some implementations, the application circuit 705 may include one or more hardware accelerators, which may be microprocessors, programmable processing devices, etc. The one or more hardware accelerators may include, for example, computer vision (CV) and / or deep learning (DL) accelerators. For example, the programmable processing device may be one or more field programmable devices (FPDs), such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.; programmable logic devices (PLDs), such as complex PLDs (CPLDs), high capacity PLDs (HCPLDs), etc.; ASICs, such as structured ASICs, etc.; programmable SoCs (PSoCs); etc. In such implementations, the circuits of the application circuit 705 may include logic blocks or logic architectures, as well as other interconnected resources that may be programmed to perform various functions, such as the processes, methods, functions, etc. of the various embodiments discussed herein. In such an embodiment, the circuitry of the application circuit 705 may include memory cells (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, static memory (e.g., static random access memory (SRAM), anti-fuse, etc.)) for storing logic blocks, logic architectures, data, etc. in a lookup table (LUT), etc.

[0065] The baseband circuit 710 may be implemented, for example, as a solder-in substrate including one or more integrated circuits, a single packaged integrated circuit soldered to a main circuit board, or a multi-chip module containing two or more integrated circuits. The baseband circuit 710 includes one or more processing devices (e.g., baseband processors) for performing various protocols and radio control functions. The baseband circuit 710 may interact with the application circuits of the system 700 to generate and process baseband signals and control the operation of the RFEM 715. The baseband circuit 710 may handle various radio control functions that enable communication with one or more radio networks via the RFEM 715. The baseband circuit 710 may include circuits such as, but not limited to: one or more single-core or multi-core processors (e.g., one or more baseband processors) or control logic components to process baseband signals received from the receive signal path of the RFEM 715 and generate baseband signals to be provided to the RFEM 715 via the transmit signal path. In various embodiments, the baseband circuit 710 may implement an RTOS to manage the resources of the baseband circuit 710, schedule tasks, etc. Examples of an RTOS may include a processor that is configured to perform a radio control operation. Provided embedded operating system (OSE)TM , by Mentor Nucleus RTOS provided TM , by Mentor Universal Real-Time Executive (VRTX) provided by Express Provided by ThreadX TM ,Depend on FreeRTOS, REX OS provided by Open Kernel (OK) Provided OKL4 or any other suitable RTOS, such as those discussed herein.

[0066] The user interface circuit 750 may include one or more user interfaces designed to enable a user to interact with the system 700 or a peripheral component interface designed to enable a peripheral component to interact with the system 700. The user interface may include, but is not limited to, one or more physical or virtual buttons (e.g., a reset button), one or more indicators (e.g., light emitting diodes (LEDs)), a physical keyboard or keypad, a mouse, a touch pad, a touch screen, a speaker or other audio transmitting device, a microphone, a printer, a scanner, a headset, a display screen or display device, etc. The peripheral component interface may include, but is not limited to, a non-volatile memory port, a universal serial bus (USB) port, an audio jack, a power interface, etc.

[0067] The radio front end module (RFEM) 715 may include a millimeter wave (mm Wave) RFEM and one or more sub-millimeter wave radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs). In some implementations, the one or more sub-millimeter wave RFICs may be physically separated from the mmWave RFEM. The RFIC may include connections to one or more antennas or antenna arrays, and the RFEM may be connected to multiple antennas. In alternative implementations, both mmWave and sub-millimeter wave radio functionality may be implemented in the same physical RFEM 715 incorporating both mmWave antennas and sub-millimeter waves.

[0068] The memory circuit 720 may include one or more of the following: a volatile memory including a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) and / or a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a non-volatile memory (NVM) including a high-speed electrically erasable memory (commonly referred to as a "flash memory"), a phase change random access memory (PRAM), a magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), etc., and may be combined with and The memory circuit 720 may be implemented as one or more of: a solder-in package integrated circuit, a socket memory module, and a plug-in memory card.

[0069] The PMIC 725 may include a voltage regulator, a surge protector, a power alarm detection circuit, and one or more backup power sources, such as a battery or capacitor. The power alarm detection circuit may detect one or more of a brownout (undervoltage) and a surge (overvoltage) condition. The power tee circuit 730 may provide power extracted from a network cable to provide both power and data connections for the infrastructure equipment 700 using a single cable.

[0070] The network controller circuit 735 may provide a connection to the network using a standard network interface protocol such as Ethernet, Ethernet based on a GRE tunnel, Ethernet based on a multi-protocol label switching (MPLS), or some other suitable protocol. A physical connection may be used to provide a network connection to / from the infrastructure equipment 700 via a network interface connector 740, which may be an electrical connection (commonly referred to as a "copper interconnect"), an optical connection, or a wireless connection. The network controller circuit 735 may include one or more dedicated processors and / or FPGAs for communicating using one or more of the aforementioned protocols. In some specific implementations, the network controller circuit 735 may include multiple controllers for providing connections to other networks using the same or different protocols.

[0071] The positioning circuit 745 includes a circuit for receiving and decoding signals transmitted / broadcasted by a positioning network of a global satellite navigation system (GNSS). Examples of navigation satellite constellations (or GNSS) include the United States' Global Positioning System (GPS), Russia's Global Navigation System (GLONASS), the European Union's Galileo system, China's Beidou Navigation Satellite System, regional navigation systems or GNSS augmentation systems (e.g., using Indian Constellation Navigation (NAVIC), Japan's Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), France's Doppler Orbit Chart and Satellite Integrated Radio Positioning (DORIS), etc.), etc. The positioning circuit 745 includes various hardware elements (e.g., including hardware devices such as switches, filters, amplifiers, antenna elements, etc. for facilitating OTA communications) to communicate with components of the positioning network such as navigation satellite constellation nodes. In some embodiments, the positioning circuit 745 may include a micro technology (micro PNT) IC for positioning, navigation, and timing that uses a master timing clock to perform position tracking / estimation without GNSS assistance. The positioning circuit 745 may also be part of or interact with the baseband circuit 710 and / or the RFEM 715 to communicate with nodes and components of the positioning network. The positioning circuit 745 may also provide location data and / or time data to the application circuit 705, which may use the data to synchronize operations with various infrastructure (e.g., RAN node 111, etc.), etc.

[0072] Figure 7The components shown may communicate with each other using an interface circuit 706 or IX 706, which may include any number of bus and / or IX technologies, such as Industry Standard Architecture (ISA), Extended ISA, Inter-Integrated Circuit (I 2 C), Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), Point-to-Point Interface, Power Management Bus (PMBus), Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), PCI Express (PCIe), PCI Extension (PCIx), Ultra Path Interconnect (UPI), Accelerator Link (IAL), Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI), OpenCAPI, Quick Path Interconnect (QPI), Omni-Path Architecture (OPA) IX, RapidIO TM System IX, Cache Coherent Interconnect for Accelerators (CCIA), Gen-Z United IX, HyperTransport Interconnect, and / or any number of other IX technologies. The IX technology may be a proprietary bus, such as used in SoC-based systems.

[0073] Figure 8 An example of a communication circuit 800 that may be used to practice the embodiments discussed herein is shown. Figure 8 The components shown are shown for illustrative purposes and may include Figure 8 other components not shown, or Figure 8 The elements shown may alternatively be grouped according to function.

[0074] The communication circuit 800 includes a protocol processing circuit 805, which operates or implements various protocol layers / entities of one or more wireless communication protocols. In one example, when the communication circuit 800 is a cellular radio frequency communication system such as a millimeter wave (mmWave) communication circuit or some other suitable cellular communication circuit, the protocol processing circuit 805 can operate a long-term evolution (LTE) protocol entity and / or a fifth generation (5G) / new air interface (NR) protocol entity. In this example, the protocol processing circuit 805 can operate a medium access control (MAC), a radio link control (RLC), a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), a radio resource control (RRC) and a non-access layer (NAS) function. In another example, when the communication circuit 800 is a WiFi communication system, the protocol processing circuit 805 can operate one or more IEEE-based protocols. In this example, the protocol processing circuit 805 will operate MAC and logical link control (LLC) functions.

[0075] The protocol processing circuit 805 may include one or more memory structures (not shown) that store program code and data information for operating protocol functions, and one or more processing cores (not shown) that execute the program code and use the data information to perform various operations. The protocol processing circuit 805 may include one or more instances of control circuits (not shown) to provide control functions for the digital baseband circuit 810, the transmit circuit 815, the receive circuit 820, and / or the radio frequency (RF) circuit 825. In some embodiments, the protocol processing circuit 805 and / or the baseband circuit 810 corresponds to Figure 7 Baseband circuit 710.

[0076] The communication circuit 800 also includes a digital baseband circuit 810, which implements physical layer (PHY) functions, including: hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) functions; scrambling and / or descrambling; encoding and / or decoding; layer mapping and / or demapping; modulation symbol mapping; received symbol and / or bit metric determination; multi-antenna port precoding and / or decoding, which may include one or more of space-time, space-frequency or space coding; reference signal generation and / or detection; preamble sequence generation and / or decoding; synchronization sequence generation and / or detection; control channel signal blind decoding, radio frequency shift and other related functions. The modulation / demodulation function may include fast Fourier transform (FFT), precoding or constellation mapping / demapping functions. The encoding / decoding function may include convolution, tail biting convolution, turbo coding, Viterbi coding, low density parity check (LDPC) coding, polar coding, etc. The implementation of the modulation / demodulation and encoder / decoder functions is not limited to these examples, and other suitable functions may be included in other embodiments.

[0077] The baseband processing circuit 810 and / or the protocol processing circuit 805 may communicate with an application platform (eg, Figure 7 The digital baseband circuit 810 may interact with the application circuit 705 of the RF circuit 825 for baseband signal generation and processing and for controlling the operation of the RF circuit 825. The digital baseband circuit 810 may handle various radio control functions that can communicate with one or more radio networks via the RF circuit 825. The digital baseband circuit 810 may include circuits such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors (e.g., one or more baseband processors) or control logic components to process baseband signals received from the receive signal path of the RF circuit 825 (e.g., via the Rx circuit 820) and generate baseband signals for the transmit signal path of the RF circuit 825 (e.g., via the Tx circuit 815). The digital baseband circuit 810 may include a multi-protocol baseband processor, etc.

[0078] As previously described, the digital baseband circuit 810 may include or implement an encoder circuit that accepts input data, generates coded data based on the input data, and outputs the coded data to a modulation mapper. The encoder may also perform one or more of error detection, error correction, rate matching, and interleaving. The encoder may also include a scrambling code based on a scrambling code sequence such as those discussed herein.

[0079] In various embodiments, the digital baseband circuit 810 may include or implement a sequence generator to generate, for example, a low peak-to-average power ratio (low PAPR) sequence (see, for example, Section 5.2.2 of TS 38.211), a pseudo-random noise (PN) sequence (see, for example, Section 5.2.1 of TS 38.211), and / or a reference signal sequence. In some embodiments, the sequence generator may be part of an encoder circuit. A PN sequence consists of bits (e.g., 1s and 0s) that should be random. The PN sequence generator may include a linear feedback shift register (LSFR) to generate the PN sequence. A scrambling code based on Gold codes is used to scramble the physical signal before transmission. The Gold code is obtained by combining two PN sequences and performing a modulo-2 addition or an exclusive OR (XOR) operation on the PN sequence. In an embodiment, as previously described, the sequence generator is used to perform QPSK modulation using a pseudo-random Gold sequence c(n), which is obtained by combining two M sequences x1 and x2 of length 31. In an embodiment, the sequence generator generates a RIM-RS sequence including the aforementioned ZC sequence and PN sequence.

[0080] In various embodiments, the digital baseband circuit 810 may include or implement a modulation mapper that takes binary digits as input (e.g., encoded data from an encoder) and produces complex-valued modulation symbols as output. For example, for QPSK modulation, pairs of bits b(2i), b(2i+1) are mapped to complex-valued modulation symbols d(i) according to the following formula:

[0081]

[0082] The modulation mapper may operate any other suitable modulation scheme, such as those discussed in Section 5.1 of TS 38.211. The modulation mapper may map groups containing one or more binary digits selected from the encoded data to complex-valued modulation symbols according to one or more mapping tables.

[0083] In some embodiments, the complex-valued modulation symbols may be input to a layer mapper to be mapped to one or more layer-mapped modulation symbol streams. The one or more layer-mapped symbol streams may be input to a precoder that generates one or more precoded symbol streams, which may be represented as vector blocks. The precoder may be configured to perform direct mapping using a single antenna port, use space-time block coding or spatial multiplexing to transmit diversity. Each precoded symbol stream may be input to a resource mapper that generates a resource mapping symbol (e.g., resource element) stream. The resource mapper may map the precoded symbols to frequency domain subcarriers and time domain symbols according to a mapping, which may include contiguous block mapping, random mapping, and / or sparse mapping according to a mapping code.

[0084] According to various implementations, a modulation mapper (or resource mapper) maps the RIM-RS sequence to a resource block that can occupy multiple resource blocks. Physical resources (also referred to as "RIM-RS resources"). In some embodiments, up to 32 RIM-RS resources can be configured in a 10 ms period. The resources used for RIM-RS transmission are defined by resource indexes, including time resource indexes. Frequency Resource Index and sequence parameter resource index in and

[0085] In various implementations, the RIM-RS receiver assumes that the reference signal (eg, RIM-RS) is mapped to the physical resource according to the following formula:

[0086]

[0087] k=0,1,…,L RIM -1

[0088] where β RIM is the amplitude scaling factor to control the RIM-RS transmission power, and p is the antenna port. The time slot in the frame The starting position l0 of RIM-RS type i∈{1,2} in is given by: The following conditions are met during the time slot:

[0089]

[0090] in Counting the number of SFN cycles within the RIM-RS transmission cycle; in is the symbol offset of the reference point after the starting boundary of the uplink-downlink switching period to which the RIM-RS is mapped, and is obtained as discussed herein. is the total number of time slots in the RIM-RS transmission period, and is discussed in more detail below; is the time slot offset of the uplink-downlink switching period relative to the starting boundary of the RIM-RS transmission period, where the index is And P t is a RIM-RS transmission period in units of uplink-downlink switching period, as described below.

[0091] Regarding RIM-RS configuration, generally speaking, the resources used for RIM-RS transmission are indexed by and The indices are defined and used as indices in the configured lists of time, frequency and sequence parameters respectively. All RIM-RS resources occupy the same number of resource blocks In some implementations, up to 32 RIM-RS resources may be configured within a 10 ms period.

[0092] About time domain parameters and t A mapping to a time domain parameter, wherein the RIM-RS is periodically transmitted, wherein the RIM-RS transmission period P is defined in units of an uplink-downlink switching period determined according to one or two configured uplink-downlink periods t .

[0093] If a single uplink-downlink period is configured for RIM-RS purposes, then P t is the RIM-RS transmission period according to the uplink-downlink switching period, which is given by:

[0094]

[0095] in is the total number of time slots in the RIM-RS transmission period; and is the time slot offset of the uplink-downlink switching period relative to the starting boundary of the RIM-RS transmission period, where the index is

[0096] If two uplink-downlink cycles are configured for RIM-RS purposes, then P t According to P t / 2 for the RIM-RS transmission period of the uplink-downlink switching period, and is given by:

[0097]

[0098] Each pair consists of the first period and the second cycle Composition, and among them Divide 20ms; is the total number of time slots in the RIM-RS transmission period; and is the time slot offset of the uplink-downlink switching period relative to the starting boundary of the RIM-RS transmission period, where the index is. Intermediate Given by:

[0099]

[0100] in and The total number of setIDs of RIM-RS type 1 and RIM-RS type 2 respectively; The number of candidate frequency resources configured in the network; is the number of candidate sequences allocated to RIM-RS type i∈{1,2} in the network; and R1 and R2 are the number of consecutive uplink-downlink switching cycles for RIM-RS type 1 and RIM-RS type 2, respectively. If near-far functionality is not configured, then R i ∈{1,2,4} otherwise R i ∈{2,4,8} and R i The first half and the second half of the consecutive uplink-downlink switching cycle are used for near functionality and far functionality, respectively.

[0101] Entries in the list of configured symbol offsets from RIM-RS i Get quantity

[0102] For the frequency domain parameters and from i f Mapping to frequency domain parameters, the frequency domain parameter k1 in clause 5.3.3 of 3GPP TS 38.211 is the frequency offset relative to the configured reference point of the RIM-RS and is selected from the entry in the list of configured frequency offsets The number of candidate frequency resources configured in the network is expressed in resource blocks. The following conditions must be met:

[0103]

[0104] in The number of subcarriers per resource block may be (eg, See for example clause 4.4.4.1 of TS 38.211); and The carrier BW of the SCS configuration μ is given by the higher layer parameter carrierBandwidth in the SCS-SpecificCarrier IE (see, e.g., clause 4.4.2 of TS 38.211). The frequency difference between any pair of configured frequency offsets in the list is not less than (The number of RIM-RS RBs). The number of RIM-RS RBs is given by:

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] in is the DL resource grid size (see, e.g., clauses 4.4.2 and 5.3 of TS 38.211).

[0108] Sequence parameters and from i s The mapping to sequence parameters involves selecting an entry from the list of configured scrambling code identities Get scrambling code n SCID .

[0109] The mapping between resource triples and set IDs involves the following formula: setID The index in determines the resource index and

[0110]

[0111]

[0112]

[0113] in Given by:

[0114]

[0115] The number of candidate frequency resources configured in the network;

[0116] is the number of sequence candidates for the current RIM-RS resource, given by:

[0117]

[0118] T start is the starting time offset, given by:

[0119]

[0120] S start Given by:

[0121]

[0122] in is the number of candidate sequences allocated to RIM-RS type 1; Where R i is the number of consecutive uplink-downlink cycles of RIM-RS type i, as described elsewhere herein; and the set ID is determined from the resource triplet according to the following formula:

[0123]

[0124] In various embodiments, the digital baseband circuit 810 includes or implements a baseband signal generator (also referred to as a "multi-carrier generator") to generate OFDM baseband signals and / or other similar baseband signals. In these embodiments, the resource mapping symbols from the resource mapper are input to the baseband signal generator that generates the time domain baseband symbols. The baseband signal generator can use, for example, an inverse discrete Fourier transform (usually implemented as an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT)) or a filter block including one or more filters to generate a time domain signal (e.g., a set of time domain symbols). The time domain signal generated by the IFFT is transmitted across the radio channel. At the receiver, the FFT block is used to process the received signal and introduce it into the frequency domain for recovering the original data bit.

[0125] According to various implementations, the OFDM baseband signal of the RIM-RS is generated as follows: The time-continuous signal on the antenna port p of the RIM-RS Defined by:

[0126]

[0127] in

[0128]

[0129]

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] And among them is the resource mapping symbol, k is the subcarrier index, and μ is the SCS configuration; is the number of symbols per time slot; Δf RIM is the SCS of RIM-RS, and Δf RIM =15·2μ kHz, where μ∈{0,1} is the SCS configuration of the RIM-RS (see, e.g., Table 1 below); is the starting frequency offset of the RIM-RS as discussed elsewhere herein; is the length of the RIM-RS sequence, where is the BW of the RIM-RS in the RB; L0 is the starting symbol and is discussed elsewhere in this document; Given by clause 5.3.1 of TS 38.211 and discussed elsewhere herein, where l = l0; and Given by clause 5.3.1 of TS 38.211, and discussed elsewhere herein, where l = l0, where is the CP length for SCS configuration μ and OFDM symbol 1, where and

[0133]

[0134] The starting position of OFDM symbol 1 for SCS configuration p in a subframe is given by:

[0135] in

[0136] Table 1: Supported transmission parameters

[0137] μ <![CDATA[Δf=2 μ ·15[kHz]]]> Cyclic prefix 0 15 normal 1 30 normal 2 60 Normal, Extended 3 120 normal 4 240 normal

[0138] A plurality of OFDM parameters as given in Table 1 are supported, where Δf is the SCS, and where m and CP of the BWP are obtained from the high-level parameters subcarrierSpacing and cyclicPrefix, respectively. In Table 1, normal CP refers to a CP duration of 4.7 microseconds (μs) (or 5.2 μs) and seven symbols per time slot, and extended CP refers to a CP duration of 16.67 μs and 6 symbols per time slot.

[0139] In various embodiments, the digital baseband circuit 810 includes or implements a RIM-RS detection circuit, wherein the digital baseband circuit 810 monitors (or attempts to detect) one or more RIM-RS candidates in one or more (pre-)configured RIM-RS monitoring opportunities. The RIM-RS monitoring opportunities may be based on Figure 4 The RIM-RS time and frequency resource allocation 400, the previously discussed RIM-RS resource mapping implementation, and / or the previously discussed RIM-RS configuration implementation.

[0140] The communication circuit 800 also includes a transmit (Tx) circuit 815 and a receive (Rx) circuit 820. The Tx circuit 815 is configured to convert a digital baseband signal into an analog signal for transmission by the RF circuit 825. To this end, in one embodiment, the Tx circuit 815 includes various components such as a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), an analog baseband circuit, an up-conversion circuit, and a filtering and amplification circuit. In another embodiment, the Tx circuit 815 may include a digital transmission circuit and an output circuit.

[0141] The Rx circuit 820 is configured to convert the analog signal received by the RF circuit 825 into a digital baseband signal to provide to the digital baseband circuit 810. To this end, in one embodiment, the Rx circuit 820 includes one or more instances of parallel receiving circuits and / or combined receiving circuits. Examples of parallel receiving circuits and combined receiving circuits may include intermediate frequency (IF) down-conversion circuits, IF processing circuits, baseband down-conversion circuits, baseband processing circuits, and analog-to-digital converter (ADC) circuits.

[0142] The communication circuit 800 may include a radio frequency (RF) circuit 825 to enable communication with a wireless network through a non-solid medium using modulated electromagnetic radiation. The RF circuit 825 includes a receive signal path, which may include circuits for converting an analog RF signal (e.g., an existing or received modulated waveform) into a digital baseband signal to be provided to the digital baseband circuit 810 via the Rx circuit 820. The RF circuit 825 also includes a transmit signal path, which may include circuits configured to convert a digital baseband signal provided by the digital baseband circuit 810 via the Tx circuit 815 into an analog RF signal (e.g., a modulated waveform) to be amplified and transmitted via the antenna array 830.

[0143] In various embodiments, for antenna port p, SCS configuration μ and assuming starting from t＝0 OFDM symbol in the subframe at l , the carrier frequency f0 of the RIM-RS modulation (eg, provided by RF circuit 825) and up-conversion (eg, provided by Tx circuit 815) to a complex-valued OFDM baseband signal is given by: in It is the configuration reference point of RIM-RS.

[0144] RF circuit 825 may include one or more instances of radio frequency link circuits, which may include one or more filters, power amplifiers, low noise amplifiers, programmable phase shifters, and power supplies (not shown). RF circuit 825 may also include power synthesis and distribution circuits. The power synthesis and distribution circuits may work bidirectionally so that the same physical circuit may be configured to work as a power divider when the device is transmitting and as a power synthesizer when the device is receiving. In some embodiments, the power synthesis and distribution circuits may include fully or partially independent circuits to perform power distribution when the device is transmitting and perform power synthesis when the device is receiving. The power synthesis and distribution circuits may include passive circuits including one or more bidirectional power dividers / synthesizers arranged in a tree shape. In some embodiments, the power synthesis and distribution circuits may include active circuits containing amplifier circuits.

[0145] The communication circuit 800 also includes an antenna array 830. The antenna array 830 includes one or more antenna elements. The antenna array 830 can be a plurality of microstrip antennas or printed antennas manufactured on the surface of one or more printed circuit boards. The antenna array 830 can be formed as a patch of metal foil of various shapes (e.g., a patch antenna) and can be coupled to the RF circuit 825 using a metal transmission line or the like.

[0146] Figures 9 and 10 1000 are shown in accordance with various embodiments. For illustrative purposes, various operations of processes 900-1000 are described as follows: Figures 1 to 8 In some embodiments, the processes 900-1000 may be embodied as one or more computer-readable storage media including program code, instructions, or other similar computer program products (or data to create computer program products), which will cause the baseband circuits and / or application circuits of the RAN node 111 to perform electronic operations and / or perform operations relative to Figures 9 and 10 A specific sequence or flow of actions is described. Figures 9 and 10 Specific examples and operation orders are shown, but the order of operations depicted should not be understood as limiting the scope of the embodiments in any way. Instead, the operations depicted may be reordered, divided into additional operations, combined and / or omitted entirely while remaining within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

[0147] Fig. 9900 is shown in accordance with various embodiments. The process 900 begins at operation 905 where the victim RAN node 111 generates a RIM-RS sequence, which may be based on a ZC sequence or a pseudo-random sequence as discussed herein. In an embodiment, generating the RIM-RS sequence includes determining a RIM-RS sequence length of the RIM-RS sequence, a starting subcarrier for the RIM-RS, and a starting symbol of a time slot in which the RIM-RS is to be transmitted. The RIM-RS sequence length L RIM is the number of consecutive subcarriers (in the frequency domain) in one or more resource blocks and / or resource elements counted from the starting subcarrier k1. At operation 910, the RAN node 111 maps the generated RIM-RS sequence to physical resources, such as one or more resource blocks and / or one or more resource elements. At operation 915, the RAN node 111 generates a time-continuous OFDM baseband signal for the RIM-RS, which may include a combination of physical resources to which the RIM-RS sequence is mapped. At operation 920, the RAN node 111 sends the generated time-continuous OFDM baseband signal over a transmission path for transmission to the interference source RAN node 111. After operation 920, the process 900 ends or may be repeated as needed.

[0148] Fig.10 An exemplary interferer process 1000 is shown in accordance with various embodiments. Process 1000 begins at operation 1005 where the interferer RAN node 111 monitors (eg, attempts to decode) the RIM-RS, which may be based on signaling received from the interfered RAN node 111.

[0149] At operation 1010, the interfering RAN node 111 determines inter-cell interference information based on the RIM-RS (e.g., when properly decoded based on monitoring). At operation 1015, the interfering RAN node 111 adjusts one or more service parameters to mitigate inter-cell interference. After operation 1015, process 1000 ends or may be repeated as needed.

[0150] Below are some non-limiting examples. The following examples relate to additional embodiments, and the details in the examples can be used anywhere in one or more embodiments previously discussed. Any of the following examples can be combined with any other example or any embodiment discussed herein.

[0151] Example 1 includes a method performed by a radio access network (RAN) node, the method comprising: generating, by a baseband circuit, a radio interference management reference signal (RIM-RS) to provide information about experienced inter-cell interference, the RIM-RS being configured to include a base time domain sequence; and providing, by the baseband circuit, the generated RIM-RS to a radio front end module (RFEM) via an interface circuit for transmission to another RAN node, the interface circuit coupling the baseband circuit to the RFEM.

[0152] Example 2 includes the method according to Example 1 and / or some other examples herein, wherein generating the RIM-RS includes: generating a basic time domain sequence by a baseband circuit; and repeatedly generating the basic time domain sequence by the baseband circuit one or more times.

[0153] Example 3 includes a method according to Example 2 and / or some other examples in this document, wherein generating the RIM-RS includes: generating the RIM-RS by the baseband circuit to have the same subcarrier spacing (SCS) as the downlink SCS; or generating the RIM-RS by the baseband circuit to have a fixed SCS different from the downlink SCS.

[0154] Example 4 includes a method according to Examples 1 to 3 and / or some other examples herein, wherein the RIM-RS will also include a gap period (GP), and the transmission of the RIM-RS will occur at a time position before the maximum downlink transmission boundary within a time division duplex (TDD) downlink (DL) and / or uplink (UL) period.

[0155] Example 5 includes a method according to Examples 1 to 4 and / or some other examples herein, wherein the RIM-RS also includes a cyclic prefix (CP) having a CP length configured based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0156] Example 6 includes a method according to Example 5 and / or some other examples herein, wherein the CP length is 4.7 microseconds (μs) for a 15 kilohertz (kHz) subcarrier spacing (SCS), or the CP length is 9.4 μs for a 15 kHz SCS.

[0157] Example 7 includes a method according to Examples 1 to 6 and / or some other examples herein, wherein generating the RIM-RS includes: multiplexing one or more component sequences in the frequency domain by the baseband circuit; and converting the multiplexed component sequences into a basic time domain sequence by the baseband circuit.

[0158] Example 8 includes the method according to Example 7 and / or some other examples herein, wherein each of the one or more component sequences is a Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence, and wherein generating the RIM-RS further comprises: generating, by the baseband circuit, according to the following formula: Generate each component sequence where x u (n) is the component sequence, n is numbered from 0 to N ZC -1, u is the root index, where u∈{1,…,N ZC -1}, and N ZC is the length of the component sequence and is the largest prime number that is less than or equal to the minimum system bandwidth.

[0159] Example 9 includes a method according to Example 8 and / or some other examples herein, wherein each component sequence has the same root index, or at least one component sequence of the one or more component sequences has a root index that is different from another root index of another component sequence of the one or more component sequences.

[0160] Example 10 includes the method according to Example 7 and / or some other examples herein, wherein each of the one or more component sequences is a pseudo noise (PN) sequence, and generating the RIM-RS includes: generating, by the baseband circuit, according to the following formula: Generate each component sequence, where r(n) is the component sequence and n is numbered from zero to M PN -1, an index of the one or more component sequences, M PN is the length of the component sequence, which is less than or equal to the minimum system bandwidth, and c(n) is the length of M PN A golden sequence of length 31.

[0161] Example 11 includes the method according to Example 10 and / or some other examples herein, wherein the PN sequence c(n) is of order 31 (or length 31) and has a length of M. PN The golden sequence of n = 0, 1, ..., M PN -1, the PN sequence is defined by the following formula: c(n) = (x1(n+N c )+x2(n+N C ))mod2,x1(n+31)=(x x (n+3)+x1(n))mod2, x2(n+31)=(x2(n+3)+x2(n+2)+x2(n+1)+x2(n))mod2, where N C=1600, x1(n) is the first m-sequence of the golden sequence, and is initialized to x1(0)=1, x1(n)=0, n=1,2,…,30, x2(n) is the second m-sequence of the golden sequence, expressed as Among them C init is the initial seed value of the second m-sequence x2(n).

[0162] Example 12 includes the method according to Example 11 and / or some other examples herein, wherein where n SCID is the scrambling code identifier; is the number of RIM-RS transmission periods; and in Initialize to The base pseudo-random sequence of , where γ is the multiplication factor and δ is the offset.

[0163] Example 13 includes a method for generating a radio interference management reference signal (RIM-RS) by a radio access network (RAN) node, the method comprising: generating or causing the generation of a RIM-RS sequence based on a pseudo-random sequence; mapping or causing the generated RIM-RS sequence to one or more resource blocks; and generating or causing the generation of a time-continuous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) baseband signal of the RIM-RS, the time-continuous OFDM baseband signal being used to include a combination of the one or more resource blocks to which the RIM-RS sequence is mapped.

[0164] Example 14 includes the method of Example 13 and / or some other examples herein, wherein each of the one or more component sequences is a pseudo noise (PN) sequence, and generating the RIM-RS includes: according to the following formula: Generate or cause to be generated each component sequence where

[0165] r(n) is a sequence of components, n is numbered from zero to M PN -1 is a sequence of one or more components, M PN is the length of the component sequence, which is less than or equal to the minimum system bandwidth, and c(n) is the length of M PN A golden sequence of length 31.

[0166] Example 15 includes the method according to Example 14 and / or some other examples herein, wherein the PN sequence c(n) is of order 31 (or length 31) and has a length of M. PN The golden sequence of n = 0, 1, ..., L PN -1, the PN sequence is defined by the following formula: c(n) = (x1(n+N c )+x2(n+N C))mod2, x1(n+31)=x1(n+3)+x1(n))mod2, x2(n+31)=(x2(n+3)+x2(n+2)+x2(n+1)+x2(n))mod2, where Nc=1600, x1(n) is the first m-sequence of the golden sequence, and is initialized to x1(0)=1, x1(n)=0, n=1,2,…,30, x2(n) is the second m-sequence of the golden sequence, expressed as where c init is the initial seed value of the second m-sequence x2(n).

[0167] Example 16 includes the method according to Example 15 and / or some other examples herein, wherein where n SCID is the scrambling code identifier; is the number of RIM-RS transmission periods; and in Initialize to The base pseudo-random sequence of , where γ is the multiplication factor and δ is the offset.

[0168] Example 17 includes a method according to Examples 13 to 16 and / or some other examples herein, wherein mapping the generated RIM-RS sequence to the one or more resource blocks includes: mapping the RIM-RS sequence to one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain; and mapping or causing the RIM-RS sequence to be mapped to a position before a common downlink transmission boundary in the time domain.

[0169] Example 18 includes a method according to Example 17 and / or some other examples herein, wherein mapping the generated RIM-RS sequence to the one or more resource blocks includes: determining or causing determination of a RIM-RS sequence length of the RIM-RS sequence, a starting subcarrier, and a starting symbol of a time slot in which the RIM-RS is to be transmitted, wherein the RIM-RS sequence length is the number of consecutive subcarriers in the one or more resource blocks counted from the starting subcarrier.

[0170] Example 19 includes a method according to Example 18 and / or some other examples herein, wherein generating a time-continuous OFDM base signal includes: generating a time-continuous OFDM baseband signal to include a cyclic prefix (CP) having a CP length configured based on a subcarrier spacing.

[0171] Example 20 includes a method performed by an interferer radio access network (RAN) node, the method comprising: receiving a radio interference management reference signal (RIM-RS) from an interfered RAN node; determining information about inter-cell interference experienced by the interfered RAN node based on the received RIM-RS; and adjusting one or more radio frequency parameters based on the determined information to mitigate the inter-cell interference experienced by the interfered RAN node.

[0172] Example 21 includes a method according to Example 20 and / or some other examples in this document, further comprising: detecting RIM-RS during one or more detection windows, each of the one or more detection windows having a length of one time domain symbol, and wherein the RIM-RS sequence of the RIM-RS is repeated in each of the one or more detection windows.

[0173] Example 22 includes a method according to Example 21 and / or some other examples herein, wherein in order to detect the RIM-RS during the one or more detection windows, the processing device is also used to monitor the RIM-RS at a time position before the downlink transmission boundary.

[0174] Example 23 includes the method of Examples 21-22 and / or some other examples herein, wherein the RIM-RS sequence is based on a pseudo-random sequence, wherein the pseudo-random sequence is a length 31 golden sequence.

[0175] Example 24 includes a method according to Example 23 and / or some other examples herein, wherein detecting the RIM-RS during the one or more detection windows includes: attempting to detect or attempting to decode only a portion of the RIM-RS sequence in a portion of the total system bandwidth allocated to the interfering source RAN node.

[0176] Example 25 includes a method according to Examples 20 to 24 and / or some other examples herein, wherein the determined information includes a number of uplink resources of the interfered RAN node affected by the inter-cell interference.

[0177] Example 26 may include an apparatus including an apparatus for performing one or more elements of a method described in or related to any of Examples 1 to 25 or any other method or process described herein. Example 27 may include one or more non-transitory computer-readable media including instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform one or more elements of a method described in or related to any of Examples 1 to 25 or any other method or process described herein. Example 28 may include an apparatus including a logical component, module, or circuit for performing one or more elements of a method described in or related to any of Examples 1 to 25 or any other method or process described herein. Example 29 may include a method, technique, or process described in or related to any of Examples 1 to 25, or a portion or component thereof. Example 30 may include an apparatus including: one or more processors and one or more computer-readable media including instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform a method, technique, or process described in or related to any of Examples 1 to 25 or a portion thereof. Example 31 may include a signal described in or related to any of Examples 1 to 25, or a portion or component thereof. Example 32 may include a datagram, packet, frame, segment, protocol data unit (PDU) or message described in or related to any of Examples 1 to 25, or a portion or component thereof, or otherwise described in this disclosure. Example 33 may include a signal encoded with data described in or related to any of Examples 1-25, or a portion or component thereof, or otherwise described in this disclosure. Example 34 may include a signal encoded with a datagram, packet, frame, segment, protocol data unit (PDU) or message described in or related to any of Examples 1 to 25, or a portion or component thereof, or otherwise described in this disclosure. Example 35 may include an electromagnetic signal carrying computer-readable instructions, wherein execution of the computer-readable instructions by one or more processors will cause the one or more processors to perform a method, technique or process described in or related to any of Examples 1 to 25, or a portion thereof. Example 36 may include a computer program including instructions, wherein execution of the program by a processing element causes the processing element to perform a method, technique, or process, or a portion thereof, as described in or related to any one of Examples 1 to 25. Example 37 may include a signal in a wireless network as shown and described herein. Example 38 may include a method for communicating in a wireless network as shown and described herein. Example 39 may include a system for providing wireless communication as shown and described herein. Example 40 may include an apparatus for providing wireless communication as shown and described herein.

[0178] Unless otherwise expressly stated, any of the above examples may be combined with any other example (or combination of examples). The terms used herein are only intended to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a / an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the terms "include" and / or "comprise" are used in this specification to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or their grouping. For the purposes of this disclosure, the phrase "A and / or B" means (A), (B) or (A and B). For the purposes of this disclosure, the phrase "A, B and / or C" refers to (A), (B), (C), (A and B), (A and C), (B and C) or (A, B and C). The description may use the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in some embodiments", which may each refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments. In addition, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," and the like used with the embodiments of the present disclosure are synonymous. The term "coupled" (or variations thereof) may mean that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other, may mean that two or more elements are in indirect contact with each other but still cooperate or interact with each other, and / or may mean that one or more other elements are coupled or connected between the elements said to be coupled to each other. The term "communicatively coupled" may mean that two or more elements can contact each other by means of communication, including through a wire or other interconnect connection, through a wireless communication channel or link, and the like.

[0179] The foregoing description provides an illustration and description of various exemplary embodiments, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of the embodiments to the precise form disclosed. In view of the above teachings, modifications and variations are possible, or modifications and variations can be obtained from the practice of various embodiments. Where specific details are set forth for the purpose of describing the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure can be practiced without these specific details or with variations of these specific details. However, it should be understood that there is no intention to limit the concepts of the present disclosure to the specific form disclosed, but on the contrary, it is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives consistent with the present disclosure and the appended claims.

Claims

1. An apparatus to be implemented in a Radio Access Network RAN ​​node, the apparatus comprising: Interface circuit; and a baseband circuit coupled to the interface circuit, the interface circuit being used to communicatively couple the baseband circuit to a radio front end module RFEM, the baseband circuit being used to: Generate a radio interference management reference signal RIM-RS to provide information about the inter-cell interference experienced, the RIM-RS is used to include a basic time domain sequence, and generating the RIM-RS includes: multiplexing one or more component sequences in the frequency domain, wherein the length of the component sequence of the one or more component sequences is less than or equal to the minimum system bandwidth, so that the RIM-RS is adapted to the minimum system bandwidth; and Converting the multiplexed component sequence into the basic time domain sequence; as well as The generated RIM-RS is provided to the RFEM for transmission to another RAN node.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein to generate the RIM-RS, the baseband circuit is to: generating the basic time domain sequence; and The basic time domain sequence is repeatedly generated one or more times.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein to generate the RIM-RS, the baseband circuit further comprises: generating the RIM-RS to have the same subcarrier spacing SCS as a downlink SCS; or The RIM-RS is generated to have a fixed SCS different from the downlink SCS.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the RIM-RS will also include a gap period (GP), and the transmission of the RIM-RS will occur at a time position before a maximum downlink transmission boundary within a time division duplex (TDD) downlink (DL) and / or uplink (UL) period.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the RIM-RS further includes a cyclic prefix (CP), the cyclic prefix having a CP length configured based on a subcarrier spacing.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the CP length is 4.7 microseconds (μs) for a 15 kHz subcarrier spacing (SCS), or 9.4 μs for a 15 kHz SCS.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the one or more component sequences is a Zadoff-Chu ZC sequence, and to generate the RIM-RS, the baseband circuitry is further to: Each component sequence is generated according to the following formula: where x u (n) is the component sequence, n is a number from 0 to N ZC -1, u is the root index, where u∈{1,…,N ZC -1}, and N ZC is the length of the component sequence and is a maximum prime number that is less than or equal to the minimum system bandwidth.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein each component sequence has the same root index, or at least one component sequence of the one or more component sequences has a root index different from another root index of another component sequence of the one or more component sequences.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the one or more component sequences is a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence, and in order to generate the RIM-RS, the baseband circuit further comprises: Each component sequence is generated according to the following formula: Where r(n) is the component sequence, and n is numbered from zero to M. PN -1, an index of the one or more component sequences, M PN is the length of the component sequence, which is less than or equal to the minimum system bandwidth, and c(n) is the length of M PN A golden sequence of length 31.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the PN sequence c(n) is of length M. PN A golden sequence of series 31 or length 31, where n = 0, 1, ..., M PN -1, the PN sequence is defined by the following formula: c(n)=(x1(n+N C )+x2(n+N C ))mod2 x1(n+31)=(x1(n+3)+x1(n))mod2 x2(n+31)=(x2(n+3)+x2(n+2)+x2(n+1)+x2(n))mod2 Where N C =1600, x1(n) is the first m-sequence of the golden sequence, and is initialized to x1(0)=1, x1(n)=0, n=1,2,…,30, x2(n) is the second m-sequence of the golden sequence, expressed as Among them C init is the initial seed value of the second m-sequence x2(n).

11. The device according to claim 10, wherein Where n SCID is the scrambling code identifier; is the number of RIM-RS transmission periods; and in Initialize to The base pseudo-random sequence of , where γ is the multiplication factor and δ is the offset.

12. A computer readable medium (CRM) comprising instructions for generating a Radio Interference Management Reference Signal (RIM-RS), wherein execution of the instructions by one or more processors causes a Radio Access Network (RAN) node to: The RIM-RS sequence is generated based on a pseudo-random sequence, including: multiplexing one or more component sequences in the frequency domain, wherein the length of the component sequence of the one or more component sequences is less than or equal to the minimum system bandwidth, so that the RIM-RS is adapted to the minimum system bandwidth; and Converting the multiplexed component sequence into a base time domain sequence to be included in the RIM-RS; Mapping the generated RIM-RS sequence to one or more resource blocks; as well as A time-continuous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) baseband signal of the RIM-RS is generated, the time-continuous OFDM baseband signal being used for a combination including the one or more resource blocks to which the RIM-RS sequence is mapped.

13. The CRM of claim 12, wherein each of the one or more component sequences is a pseudo noise (PN) sequence, and in order to generate the RIM-RS, the execution of the instructions causes the RAN node to: Each component sequence is generated according to the following formula: Where r(n) is the component sequence, and n is numbered from zero to M. PN -1, an index of the one or more component sequences, M PN is the length of the component sequence, which is less than or equal to the minimum system bandwidth, and c(n) is the length of M PN A golden sequence of length 31.

14. The CRM of claim 13, wherein the PN sequence c(n) is of length M. PN A golden sequence of series 31 or length 31, where n = 0, 1, ..., M PN -1, the PN sequence is defined by the following formula: c(n)=(x1(n+N C )+x2(n+N C ))mod2 x1(n+31)=(x1(n+3)+x1(n))mod2 x2(n+31)=(x2(n+3)+x2(n+2)+x2(n+1)+x2(n))mod2 Where N C =1600, x1(n) is the first m-sequence of the golden sequence, and is initialized to x1(0)=1, x1(n)=0, n=1,2,…,30, x2(n) is the second m-sequence of the golden sequence, expressed as Among them C init is the initial seed value of the second m-sequence x2(n).

15. The CRM of claim 14, wherein Where n SCID is the scrambling code identifier; is the number of RIM-RS transmission periods; and in Initialize to The base pseudo-random sequence of , where γ is the multiplication factor and δ is the offset.

16. The CRM according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein, in order to map the generated RIM-RS sequence to the one or more resource blocks, execution of the instructions causes the RAN node to: Mapping the RIM-RS sequence to one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain; and The RIM-RS sequence is mapped to a position before a common downlink transmission boundary in the time domain.

17. The CRM of claim 16, wherein, to map the generated RIM-RS sequence to the one or more resource blocks, execution of the instructions will further cause the RAN node to: Determine a RIM-RS sequence length, a starting subcarrier, and a starting symbol of a time slot in which the RIM-RS is to be transmitted, wherein the RIM-RS sequence length is the number of consecutive subcarriers in the one or more resource blocks counted from the starting subcarrier.

18. The CRM of claim 17, wherein to generate the time-continuous OFDM baseband signal, execution of the instructions causes the RAN node to: The time-continuous OFDM baseband signal is generated to include a cyclic prefix CP having a CP length configured based on a subcarrier spacing.

19. An apparatus to be implemented in an interference source radio access network RAN ​​node, the apparatus comprising: A radio frequency device, the radio frequency device is used to receive a radio interference management reference signal RIM-RS from an interfered RAN node, wherein to generate the RIM-RS: multiplexing one or more component sequences in the frequency domain, wherein the length of the component sequence of the one or more component sequences is less than or equal to the minimum system bandwidth, so that the RIM-RS is adapted to the minimum system bandwidth; and Converting the multiplexed component sequence into a base time domain sequence to be included in the RIM-RS; as well as A processing device is used to determine information about the inter-cell interference experienced by the interfered RAN node based on the received RIM-RS, and to adjust one or more radio frequency parameters based on the determined information to mitigate the inter-cell interference experienced by the interfered RAN node.

20. The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the processing device is further configured to detect the RIM-RS during one or more detection windows, each of the one or more detection windows having a length of one time domain symbol, and a RIM-RS sequence of the RIM-RS is repeated in each of the one or more detection windows.

21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein to detect the RIM-RS during the one or more detection windows, the processing means is further configured to monitor the RIM-RS at a time position prior to a downlink transmission boundary.

22. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the RIM-RS sequence is based on a pseudo-random sequence, wherein the pseudo-random sequence is a length 31 Gold sequence.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein to detect the RIM-RS during the one or more detection windows, the processing means is configured to attempt to detect only a portion of the RIM-RS sequence in a portion of a total system bandwidth allocated to the aggressor RAN node.

24. The apparatus according to any one of claims 19 to 23, wherein the determined information comprises a number of uplink resources of the interfered RAN node affected by the inter-cell interference.

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