Light emitting device and display apparatus including the same

Abstract

A light emitting device and a display apparatus including the same are provided. The light emitting device includes a first electrode, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrode stacked in sequence, wherein the hole transport layer and the hole injection layer are different from each other, the hole injection layer includes a first inorganic material, the first inorganic material is an oxide of at least one metal selected from tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), gallium (Ga), and germanium (Ge), the first inorganic material has an escape work having an absolute value of about 4.3 eV to about 5.3 eV, and the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer satisfy Equation 1 and Equation 2 below: Equation 1 |E LUMO_HIL |>|E LUMO_HTL |+ 0.1 eV Equation 2 |E HOMO_HIL |>|E HOMO_HTL |+ 0.1 eV.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority and benefit to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0011356, filed on January 30, 2020, with the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] One or more aspects of embodiments of this disclosure relate to a light-emitting device. Background Technology

[0003] An example light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, and an emitting layer between the anode and the cathode. When holes supplied from the anode and electrons supplied from the cathode combine in the emitting layer, excitons are generated. These excitons can descend from an excited state to the ground state, thereby producing light.

[0004] Light-emitting devices can be driven at low voltages, can be constructed with a thin and light design, and can have excellent characteristics in terms of viewing angle, contrast, and / or response speed. Therefore, light-emitting devices have been used in an increasingly wide range of personal portable devices, such as MP3 players, mobile phones, and televisions (TVs). Summary of the Invention

[0005] One or more aspects of embodiments of this disclosure relate to a light-emitting device that has no dark spots, excellent lifetime characteristics, and reduced production costs due to a simplified process.

[0006] Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will also be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practice of the disclosed embodiments.

[0007] One or more exemplary embodiments of this disclosure provide a light-emitting device, the light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode;

[0008] The second electrode faces the first electrode;

[0009] The emitter layer is located between the first electrode and the second electrode;

[0010] The hole transport layer is located between the first electrode and the emitter layer;

[0011] Hole injection layer, located between the first electrode and the hole transport layer; and

[0012] The electron transport region is located between the emitter layer and the second electrode.

[0013] The hole transport layer and the hole injection layer are different from each other.

[0014] The hole injection layer includes a first inorganic material, which is an oxide of at least one metal selected from tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), gallium (Ga), and germanium (Ge).

[0015] The first inorganic material has a work function with an absolute value of 4.3 eV to 5.3 eV (or between 4.3 eV and 5.3 eV), and

[0016] The hole injection layer and the hole transport layer satisfy the following equations 1 and 2:

[0017] Equation 1

[0018] |E LUMO_HIL |>|E LUMO_HTL +0.1eV

[0019] Equation 2

[0020] |E HOMO_HIL |>|E HOMO_HTL +0.1eV.

[0021] In Equation 1, |E LUMO_HIL |and|E LUMO_HTL | These refer to the absolute values ​​of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels in the hole injection layer and hole transport layer, respectively.

[0022] In Equation 2, |E HOMO_HIL |and|E HOMO_HTL | These refer to the absolute values ​​of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels in the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer, respectively.

[0023] In one embodiment, the first inorganic material may be at least one selected from WO3, MoO3, ZnO, Cu2O, CuO, CoO, Ga2O3, and GeO2.

[0024] In one embodiment, the hole transport layer may include at least one second inorganic material selected from WO3, MoO3, ZnO, Cu2O, CuO, CoO, Ga2O3 and GeO2, and the second inorganic material may be different from the first inorganic material.

[0025] In one embodiment, the HOMO level of the hole transport layer may have an absolute value of 5.15 eV or less.

[0026] In one embodiment, the hole injection layer can be an inorganic hole injection layer, and the hole transport layer can be an inorganic hole transport layer.

[0027] In one embodiment, the hole transport layer may substantially not include (e.g., may substantially exclude) p-dopers.

[0028] In one embodiment, the hole transport layer, the hole injection layer, and the first electrode can be wet-etched together.

[0029] In one embodiment, the emission layer may be an inorganic emission layer comprising at least one selected from quantum dots and perovskites.

[0030] In one embodiment, the emitter layer may include quantum dots, each quantum dot having a core-shell structure comprising a core containing a first semiconductor crystal and a shell containing a second semiconductor crystal.

[0031] In some embodiments, for example, the first semiconductor crystal and the second semiconductor crystal may each independently comprise compounds based on groups 12-16, groups 13-15, groups 14-16, groups 11-13-16, groups 11-12-13-16, or any combination thereof.

[0032] In some embodiments, for example, the first semiconductor crystal and the second semiconductor crystal may each independently comprise InP, InN, InSb, InAs, InAsP, InGaAs, InGaP, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnSeS, ZnTe, ZnTeSe, GaP, GaN, GaSb, GaAs, CuInS, CuInZnS, AgInS2, CdSe, CdS, CdTe, HgSe, HgTe, CdZnSe, CdSeTe, ZnCdSe, In2S3, Ga2S3, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, or any combination thereof.

[0033] In some embodiments, for example, the first semiconductor crystal may include InP, InN, InSb, InAs, InAsP, InGaAs, InGaP, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnSeS, ZnTe, ZnTeSe, GaP, GaN, GaSb, GaAs, CuInS, CuInZnS, AgInS2, CdSe, CdS, CdTe, HgSe, HgTe, CdZnSe, CdSeTe, ZnCdSe, or any combination thereof, and the second semiconductor crystal may include ZnSe, ZnS, In2S3, Ga2S3, or any combination thereof.

[0034] In some embodiments, for example, the quantum dots may further include ligands connected to the shell.

[0035] In some embodiments, for example, the ligand can be or include oleic acid, octylamine, decylamine, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, dodecyl mercaptan, 1-octanethiol, thionyl chloride, or any combination thereof.

[0036] In one embodiment, the emission layer can be an organic emission layer.

[0037] In one embodiment, the electron transport region can include an electron transport layer, and the electron transport layer can include an inorganic material.

[0038] In some embodiments, for example, the electron transport layer can include ZnO, TiO2, WO3, SnO2, Mg-doped ZnO (ZnMgO), Al-doped ZnO (AZO), Ga-doped ZnO (GZO), In-doped ZnO (IZO), ZnSiO x (ZSO, 0 < x < 5), Al-doped TiO2, Ga-doped TiO2, In-doped TiO2, Al-doped WO3, Ga-doped WO3, In-doped WO3, Al-doped SnO2, Ga-doped SnO2, In-doped SnO2, or any combination thereof.

[0039] In one embodiment, an electron blocking layer can be further located between the hole transport layer and the emission layer.

[0040] In one embodiment, a hole blocking layer can be further located between the emission layer and the electron transport region.

[0041] One or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display device including a thin film transistor and a light emitting device. The thin film transistor includes a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer. Among them, the first electrode of the light emitting device is electrically connected to one selected from the source electrode and the drain electrode of the thin film transistor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Through the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other aspects, features, and advantages of certain embodiments of the disclosure will become more apparent. The accompanying drawings include Figure 1 and Figure 2 :

[0043] Figure 1 and Figure 2 are schematic diagrams of the structures of light emitting devices according to embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Referring now to the embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals always denote the same elements and may not be described repeatedly. In this respect, the embodiments may take different forms and should not be construed as limited to the description set forth herein. Therefore, the embodiments are described below only by reference to the accompanying drawings to explain aspects of this description. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Throughout the disclosure, the expression “at least one of a, b, and c” means only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, all of a, b, and c, or variations thereof.

[0045] This disclosure may take the form of various embodiments and may include various transformations thereof, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings and described in detail. The effects and features of this disclosure, as well as methods of implementing it, will be illustrated by reference to examples described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the examples disclosed below and may be implemented in various forms.

[0046] It will be understood that although terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used here to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another.

[0047] As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “one,” and “the” are also intended to include the plural forms. As used herein, when expressions such as “at least one of…,” “one of…,” and “selected from…” follow a list of elements, they modify the entire list of elements, not individual elements within that list.

[0048] It will also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” and / or variations thereof, as used herein, indicate the presence of a stated feature or component, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features or components. Furthermore, when describing embodiments of this disclosure, the use of “may” refers to “one or more embodiments of this disclosure.”

[0049] In the following embodiments, when various components such as layers, films, regions, plates, etc., are referred to as being "on" another component, this can include cases where the layer, film, region, or plate is "immediately adjacent" to said other component, and also cases where additional components are placed therein. For ease of illustration, the dimensions of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated. In other words, because the dimensions and thicknesses of the components in the figures are arbitrarily shown for ease of illustration, the following embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0050] In this disclosure, the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level, and the work function of a compound or material can be calculated or evaluated using density functional theory (DFT) of the B3LYP functional with molecular structure optimization of Gaussian 09.

[0051] When a layer is described as an "organic layer," it may consist of one or more organic materials, may be formed or composed substantially of one or more organic materials, or may be formed or composed of a mixture of materials in which the total amount of organic components is greater than 50%. When a layer is described as an "inorganic layer," it may consist of one or more inorganic materials, may be formed or composed substantially of one or more inorganic materials, or may be formed or composed of a mixture of materials in which the total amount of inorganic components is greater than 50%. In some embodiments, an "organic layer" may not be limited to including organic materials, and in some embodiments, an "organic layer" may include only organic materials. Similarly, in some embodiments, an "inorganic layer" may not be limited to including inorganic materials, and in some embodiments, an "inorganic layer" may include only inorganic materials.

[0052] [ Figure 1 [Description]

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] In the following text, we will combine Figure 1 The structure of the light-emitting device 100 according to embodiments of the present disclosure and the method of manufacturing the light-emitting device 100 are described.

[0055] Reference Figure 1The light-emitting device 100 according to an embodiment includes: a first electrode 110; a second electrode 190 facing the first electrode 110; an emitting layer 150 between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 190; a hole transport layer 132 between the first electrode 110 and the emitting layer 150; a hole injection layer 131 between the first electrode 110 and the hole transport layer 132; and an electron transport region 170 between the emitting layer 150 and the second electrode 190, wherein the hole transport layer 132 and the hole injection layer 131 are adjacent to each other (e.g., as shown here). As described, differing (e.g., distinct or distinguishable) in composition, structure, and / or electronic structure, the hole injection layer 131 includes a first inorganic material, which is an oxide of at least one metal selected from tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), gallium (Ga), and germanium (Ge), the first inorganic material having a work function with an absolute value of about 4.3 eV to about 5.3 eV, and the hole injection layer 131 and the hole transport layer 132 satisfy the following Equations 1 and 2:

[0056] Equation 1

[0057] |E LUMO_HIL |>|E LUMO_HTL +0.1eV

[0058] Equation 2

[0059] |E HOMO_HIL |>|E HOMO_HTL +0.1eV.

[0060] In Equation 1, |E LUMO_HIL |and|E LUMO_HTL | refers to the absolute values ​​of the LUMO energy levels of hole injection layer 131 and hole transport layer 132, respectively. In Equation 2, |E HOMO_HIL |and|E HOMO_HTL | These refer to the absolute values ​​of the HOMO energy levels of the hole injection layer 131 and the hole transport layer 132, respectively.

[0061] Compared to cases where the hole transport layer 132 and the hole injection layer 131 have the same structure (e.g., when the hole transport layer 132 and the hole injection layer 131 have the same or more similar energy level structures), the increase in the driving voltage of the light-emitting device 100 can be suppressed or reduced due to the different energy level structures between the hole transport layer 132 and the hole injection layer 131 (e.g., due to the aforementioned energy level relationship or characteristics of the hole transport layer 132 and the hole injection layer 131).

[0062] In one embodiment, the hole transport layer 132 may have an absolute value of a HOMO level of about 5.15 eV or less.

[0063] When the first inorganic material included in the hole injection layer 131 has a suitable work function as described above, a hole transport layer 132 with a deep HOMO level (e.g., a relatively deep HOMO level compared to the hole injection layer 131) can be realized, which can improve the lifetime characteristics of the light-emitting device 100.

[0064] In one embodiment, the hole transport layer 132, the hole injection layer 131, and the first electrode 110 may be wet-etched together (e.g., simultaneously or concurrently etched in the same wet process).

[0065] In some embodiments, wet etching may be performed using an etchant comprising at least one of phosphoric acid, nitric acid, and acetic acid.

[0066] In some embodiments, wet etching can be performed on the layers of the light-emitting device 100 from the first electrode 110 to the hole transport layer 132, and this simplified process can thereby reduce production costs.

[0067] First electrode 110

[0068] The first electrode 110 can be formed by depositing and / or sputtering a material for forming the first electrode 110 on a substrate. When the first electrode 110 is an anode, the material used for the first electrode 110 can be selected from materials with high work function to facilitate hole injection.

[0069] exist Figure 1 In this process, the substrate may be additionally disposed below the first electrode 110 and / or above the second electrode 190. The substrate may be a glass substrate and / or a plastic substrate, both of which possess excellent mechanical strength, thermal stability, transparency, surface smoothness, ease of handling, and / or water resistance.

[0070] The first electrode 110 can be a reflective electrode, a semi-transparent electrode, or a transmissive electrode. When the first electrode 110 is a transmissive electrode, the material used to form the first electrode 110 can be selected from indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), and any combination thereof, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, when the first electrode 110 is a semi-transparent electrode or a reflective electrode, the material used to form the first electrode 110 can be selected from magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), and any combination thereof, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0071] The first electrode 110 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure including two or more layers. For example, the first electrode 110 may have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO, but the structure of the first electrode 110 is not limited to this.

[0072] Hole transport region 130

[0073] The hole transport region 130 may have: i) a single-layer structure comprising a single material; ii) a single-layer structure comprising multiple different materials; or iii) a multi-layer structure comprising multiple layers comprising multiple different materials.

[0074] Apart from Figure 1 In addition to the hole injection layer 131 and hole transport layer 132 shown, the hole transport region 130 may also include at least one layer selected from the emission assist layer and the electron blocking layer.

[0075] For example, the hole transport region 130 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The single-layer structure consists of a single layer composed of a variety of different materials. The multi-layer structure includes a hole injection layer 131 / hole transport layer 132, a hole injection layer 131 / hole transport layer 132 / emission auxiliary layer, a hole injection layer 131 / emission auxiliary layer, a hole transport layer 132 / emission auxiliary layer, or a hole injection layer 131 / hole transport layer 132 / electron blocking layer. The constituent layers of each structure are stacked sequentially in the order stated in each statement, but the structure of the hole transport region 130 is not limited to this.

[0076] As described above, the hole injection layer 131 may include an oxide (i.e., a first inorganic material) selected from at least one of tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), gallium (Ga) and germanium (Ge).

[0077] In one embodiment, the first inorganic material may be at least one selected from WO3, MoO3, ZnO, Cu2O, CuO, CoO, Ga2O3, and GeO2.

[0078] For example, the first inorganic material can be WO3, but it is not limited to this.

[0079] In one embodiment, the hole transport layer 132 may include at least one second inorganic material selected from WO3, MoO3, ZnO, Cu2O, CuO, CoO, Ga2O3 and GeO2, and the second inorganic material may be different from the first inorganic material.

[0080] For example, the second inorganic material can be MoO3, but it is not limited to this.

[0081] In one embodiment, the hole injection layer 131 may be an inorganic hole injection layer, and the hole transport layer 132 may be an inorganic hole transport layer.

[0082] In one embodiment, the hole transport layer 132 may be substantially free of p-dopants (e.g., it may be substantially excluded from p-dopants, or it may be substantially undoped by p).

[0083] Here, the statement "may substantially exclude p-dopants" means that, based on the total weight of the hole transport layer 132, the hole transport layer 132 includes an amount of p-dopants of 0.1 wt% or less (e.g., 0.01 wt% or less, e.g., 0.001 wt% or less).

[0084] Additionally, the hole transport region 130 may include at least one selected from m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB (NPD), β-NPB, TPD, spiro-TPD, spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4',4"-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS), compounds represented by Formula 201, and compounds represented by Formula 202:

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] Formula 201

[0088]

[0089] Formula 202

[0090]

[0091] In equations 201 and 202,

[0092] L 201 To L 204 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Hybrid aryl, substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups,

[0093] L 205 It can be selected from *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q) 201 )-*', substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 20 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Hybrid aryl, substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups,

[0094] xa1 to xa4 can each be an independent integer from 0 to 3.

[0095] xa5 can be an integer from 1 to 10, and

[0096] R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups.

[0097] For example, in equation 202, R 201 and R 202 They can be optionally linked to each other via single bonds, dimethyl-methylene, or diphenyl-methylene, and R 203 and R 204They can be optionally linked to each other via single bonds, dimethyl-methylene, or diphenyl-methylene.

[0098] In one embodiment, in equations 201 and 202,

[0099] L 201 To L 205 Each can be independently selected from:

[0100] Phenylidene, cyclopentadienyl, indene, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptadienyl, adafenyl, acenaphthene, fluorene, spirodifluorene, benzo[9,10]fluorene, dibenzo[9,10]fluorene, phenenyl, anthracene, fluorenyl, benzo[9,10]phenenyl, pyrene, phenylene alkyl, benzotetraphenyl, purylene, perylene, pentaphenylene, benzohexaphenylene, benzopentaphenylene, benzobenzyl, benzoylene, oleophylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoydinolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, and pyridylene; and

[0101] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, substituted with C1-C 10 Alkyl phenyl, substituted -F phenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indene, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptalenyl, indaneyl, acenaphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, pentylenetyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, benzoyl, leucophenyl, thiophene, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 ) and -N(Q 31 (Q) 32 The following are selected from at least one of the following: phenylene, cyclopentadienylene, indenylene, naphthylene, chamomilecycloylene, heptadienylene, adaninylene, fluoreneylene, spirodifluoreneylene, benzo[9,10]fluoreneylene, dibenzo[9,10]fluoreneylene, phenanthroline, anthraceneylene, fluoranthroline, benzo[9,10]phenanthroline, pyreneylene, etc. alkyl, tetraphenyl, arbutinyl, perylene, pentaphenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidinyl, benzoyl, oleophyl, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoydinolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiophene, and pyridylyl.

[0102] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl.

[0103] In one or more embodiments, xa1 to xa4 can each be independently 0, 1 or 2.

[0104] In one or more embodiments, xa5 can be 1, 2, 3 or 4.

[0105] In one or more embodiments, R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 All of these can be independently selected from: phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indene, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptadienyl, indaneyl, acenaphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrene, alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, pentylenetyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, benzoyl, leucophenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indoleyl, isoydinoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dibenzothiophenyl, and pyridyl; and

[0106] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, substituted with C1-C 10 Alkyl phenyl, substituted -F phenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indene, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptalenyl, indaneyl, acenaphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, pentylenetyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, benzoyl, leucophenyl, thiophene, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 ) and -N(Q 31 (Q) 32 The following are selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indole, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptalenyl, indoleyl, acenaphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrene, alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, pentylenetyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, benzoyl, leucophenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, and pyridyl.

[0107] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently the same as the above.

[0108] In one or more embodiments, R in Formula 201 201 To R 203 At least one of them can be independently selected from:

[0109] Fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, carbazole, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiopheneyl; and

[0110] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, substituted with C1-C 10 The alkyl group of phenyl, the phenyl group substituted with -F, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, carbazole, dibenzofuranyl and dibenzothiopheneyl are selected from at least one of the following: fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, carbazole, dibenzofuranyl and dibenzothiopheneyl.

[0111] However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0112] In one or more embodiments, in formula 202, i)R 201 and R 202They can be connected to each other via a single key, and / or ii)R 203 and R 204 They can be connected to each other via a single key.

[0113] In one or more embodiments, R in formula 202 201 To R 204 It can be selected from:

[0114] Carbazolyl; and

[0115] Substitutions include deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, substituted with C1-C 10 The carbazoyl group selected from at least one of the following: alkyl phenyl, phenyl substituted with -F, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, carbazoyl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiopheneyl.

[0116] However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0117] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by formula 201 may be represented by formula 201A:

[0118] Formula 201A

[0119]

[0120] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by formula 201 may be represented by formula 201A(1), but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0121] Formula 201A(1)

[0122]

[0123] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by formula 201 may be represented by formula 201A-1, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0124] Formula 201A-1

[0125]

[0126] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by formula 202 can be represented by formula 202A:

[0127] Formula 202A

[0128]

[0129] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by formula 202 can be represented by formula 202A-1:

[0130] Formula 202A-1

[0131]

[0132] In Equations 201A, 201A(1), 201A-1, 202A, and 202A-1,

[0133] L 201 To L 203 xa1 to xa3, xa5 and R 202 To R 204 Each can be independently identical to the above.

[0134] R 211 and R 212 They can all independently bind with R 203 The descriptions are the same, and

[0135] R 213 To R 217 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, substituted with C1-C 10 Alkyl phenyl, substituted -F phenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indene, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptalenyl, indaneyl, acenaphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene alkyl, tetraphenyl, furanyl, perylene, pentyranyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, benzoyl, leucophenyl, thiophenyl, furanyl, carbazoyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazoyl, dibenzocarbazoyl, dibenzothiophenyl, and pyridyl.

[0136] Hole transport region 130 may include at least one compound selected from compounds HT1 to HT39, but the compounds to be included in hole transport region 130 are not limited to these:

[0137]

[0138]

[0139]

[0140] For example, hole transport region 130 may include a metal oxide.

[0141] The thickness of the hole transport region 130 can be approximately to approximately For example, for about to approximately The thickness of the hole injection layer 131 can be approximately to approximately For example, for about to approximately The thickness of hole transport layer 132 can be approximately to approximately For example, for about to approximately When the thicknesses of the hole transport region 130, the hole injection layer 131, and the hole transport layer 132 are within these ranges, satisfactory hole transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0142] The emission assist layer can improve luminous efficiency by compensating for the optical resonant distance of the wavelength of light emitted by the emission layer 150, and the electron blocking layer can block or reduce the inflow of electrons from the electron transport region 170. Both the emission assist layer and the electron blocking layer can comprise the materials described above.

[0143] Launch layer 150

[0144] The emitter layer 150 can be a single-layer structure or a structure comprising two or more stacked layers. For example, the emitter layer 150 can be a single-layer structure or a structure in which two to ten layers are stacked.

[0145] The emitter layer 150 may be an inorganic emitter layer comprising at least one selected from quantum dots and perovskites. As used herein, the term "quantum dot" refers to a spherical semiconductor nanomaterial having a size (e.g., average diameter) of several nm to several hundred nm (e.g., 1 nm to 100 nm). A quantum dot may comprise a single material or may comprise a core and a shell configured to surround the core, the core comprising a first material having a small band gap (or composed of a first material having a small band gap), and the shell comprising a second material. As used herein, the term "perovskite" refers to a compound having a perovskite crystal structure similar to CaTiO3. Perovskites may have the general formula ABX3 (e.g., a halide (such as a fluoride, chloride, bromide, or iodide) or an oxide), wherein A and B are cations of different elements, and X is an anion. In some embodiments, the perovskite may be an inorganic oxide.

[0146] Quantum dot 151 in emitter layer 150 (e.g.) Figure 1(As shown) can all have a core-shell structure, which includes a core having a first semiconductor crystal and a shell having a second semiconductor crystal.

[0147] The first semiconductor crystal and the second semiconductor crystal may each independently comprise compounds based on groups 12-16, groups 13-15, groups 14-16, groups 11-13-16, groups 11-12-13-16, or any combination thereof.

[0148] For example, the first semiconductor crystal and the second semiconductor crystal may each independently comprise InP, InN, InSb, InAs, InAsP, InGaAs, InGaP, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnSeS, ZnTe, ZnTeSe, GaP, GaN, GaSb, GaAs, CuInS, CuInZnS, AgInS2, CdSe, CdS, CdTe, HgSe, HgTe, CdZnSe, CdSeTe, ZnCdSe, In2S3, Ga2S3, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, or any combination thereof.

[0149] For example, the first semiconductor crystal may include InP, InN, InSb, InAs, InAsP, InGaAs, InGaP, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnSeS, ZnTe, ZnTeSe, GaP, GaN, GaSb, GaAs, CuInS, CuInZnS, AgInS2, CdSe, CdS, CdTe, HgSe, HgTe, CdZnSe, CdSeTe, ZnCdSe, or any combination thereof, and the second semiconductor crystal may include ZnSe, ZnS, In2S3, Ga2S3, or any combination thereof.

[0150] In some embodiments, the quantum dot 151 may further include a ligand connected to the shell.

[0151] For example, the ligand can be oleic acid, octylamine, decylamine, mercaptopropionic acid, dodecylthiols, 1-octanethiols, thionyl chloride, or any combination thereof.

[0152] Quantum dot 151 can be dispersed in a dispersion medium (such as an organic solvent and / or a polymeric resin) in a naturally coordinated form. The dispersion medium can be any transparent medium, as long as it does not deteriorate due to light, does not reflect or absorb light, and substantially does not affect the wavelength conversion performance of quantum dot 151. For example, the organic solvent may include at least one of toluene, chloroform, and ethanol, and the polymeric resin may include at least one selected from epoxy resin, silicone resin, polyethylene, and acrylate.

[0153] Unlike bulk materials, quantum dots have discontinuous bandgap energies due to the quantum confinement effect. The bandgap energy can vary according to the size of the quantum dots, and even when using the same quantum dot composition, the quantum dots can emit light of different wavelengths when the size of the quantum dots changes. The smaller the size (diameter) of the quantum dots, the larger the bandgap energy, and thus the shorter the wavelength of the emitted light. For example, by adjusting or changing the growth conditions of the quantum dot nanocrystals, the size of the quantum dots can be adjusted thereby to provide light in a desired or suitable wavelength band. Therefore, a light-emitting device with high light efficiency and high color purity can be achieved by introducing such quantum dots into the light-emitting device.

[0154] Electron transport region 170

[0155] The electron transport region 170 may include an electron transport layer (not shown).

[0156] In one embodiment, the electron transport region 170 may include an electron transport layer, and the electron transport layer may include an inorganic material.

[0157] For example, the electron transport layer may include ZnO, TiO2, WO3, SnO2, Mg-doped ZnO (ZnMgO), Al-doped ZnO (AZO), Ga-doped ZnO (GZO), In-doped ZnO (IZO), ZnSiO x (ZSO, 0 < x < 5), Al-doped TiO2, Ga-doped TiO2, In-doped TiO2, Al-doped WO3, Ga-doped WO3, In-doped WO3, Al-doped SnO2, Ga-doped SnO2, In-doped SnO2, or any combination thereof.

[0158] Furthermore, the electron transport region 170 may have: i) a single-layer structure composed of a single layer consisting of a single material; ii) a single-layer structure composed of a single layer consisting of multiple different materials; or iii) a multi-layer structure having multiple layers composed of multiple different materials.

[0159] The electron transport region 170 may include at least one selected from a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0160] For example, the electron transport region 170 may have an electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, an electron control layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, or a buffer layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, where for each structure, the constituent layers are sequentially stacked in the stated order from the emission layer 150. However, the embodiments of the structure of the electron transport region 170 are not limited thereto.

[0161] The electron transport region 170 (e.g., a buffer layer, hole blocking layer, electron control layer, or electron transport layer in the electron transport region 170) may include a metal-free compound containing at least one π-electron-deficient nitrogen-containing ring (or “π-electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring”).

[0162] "π-electron-poor nitrogen-containing rings" refer to C1-C rings with at least one *-N=*' moiety as the cyclic component. 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0163] For example, a "nitrogen-containing ring depleted of π electrons" can be: i) a 5- to 7-membered heteromonocyclic group having at least one *-N=*' moiety; ii) a heteropolycyclic group in which two or more 5- to 7-membered heteromonocyclic groups, each having at least one *-N=*' moiety, are condensed together; or iii) at least one of the 5- to 7-membered heteromonocyclic groups, each having at least one *-N=*' moiety, is combined with at least one C5-C 60 Heterocyclic groups formed by the condensation of carbocyclic groups.

[0164] Non-limiting examples of π-electron-depleted nitrogen-containing rings include, but are not limited to, imidazole rings, pyrazole rings, thiazole rings, isothiazole rings, oxazole rings, isoxazole rings, pyridine rings, pyrazine rings, pyrimidine rings, pyridazine rings, indazole rings, purine rings, quinoline rings, isoquinoline rings, benzo[a]quinoline rings, phthalazine rings, naphthidine rings, quinoxaline rings, quinazoline rings, cyclophosphine rings, phenanthridine rings, acridine rings, phenanthrene-rhein rings, phenazine rings, benzimidazole rings, isobenzo[a]thiazole rings, benzo[a]oxazole rings, isobenzo[a]oxazole rings, triazole rings, tetraazole rings, oxadiazole rings, triazine rings, thiadiazole rings, imidazo[a]pyridine rings, imidazo[a]pyrimidine rings, and azacarbazole rings.

[0165] For example, electron transport region 170 may include a compound represented by formula 601:

[0166] Formula 601

[0167] [Ar 601 ] xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R 601 ] xe21 .

[0168] In Equation 601,

[0169] Ar 601 C5-C can be substituted or unsubstituted. 60 Carbocyclic group or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0170] xe11 can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0171] L 601 It can be selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Hybrid aryl, substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups,

[0172] xe1 can be an integer from 0 to 5.

[0173] R 601 It can be selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q 601 (Q) 602 (Q) 603 -C(=O)(Q) 601 -S(=O)2(Q) 601 ) and -P(=O)(Q 601 (Q) 602 ),

[0174] Q 601 To Q 603 Each can be independently C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, or naphthyl, and

[0175] xe21 can be an integer from 1 to 5.

[0176] In one embodiment, xe11 Ar 601 and xe21 R 601At least one of them may include a nitrogen-containing ring that is π-electron depleted.

[0177] In one embodiment, Ar in Formula 601 601 It can be selected from:

[0178] Phenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorene group, spirodifluorene group, benzo[9,10]fluorene group, dibenzo[9,10]fluorene group, phenanthracene group, anthracene group, fluoranthracene group, benzo[9,10]phenanthracene group, pyrene group, Groups, tetraphenyl groups, styrene groups, perylene groups, pentylenetetrazol groups, indoxanthracene groups, dibenzofuran groups, dibenzothiophene groups, carbazole groups, imidazole groups, pyrazole groups, thiazole groups, isothiazole groups, oxazole groups, isoxazole groups, pyridine groups, pyrazine groups, pyrimidine groups, pyridazine groups, indazole groups, purine groups, quinoline groups, isoquinoline groups, benzoquinoline groups, phthalazine groups, naphthidine groups, quinoxaloline groups, quinoxaloline groups, cyclophosphine groups, phenanthridine groups, acridine groups, phenanthrene-rhein groups, phenazine groups, benzimidazole groups, isobenzothiazole groups, benzoxazole groups, isobenzoxazole groups, triazole groups, tetraazole groups, oxadiazole groups, triazine groups, thiadiazole groups, imidazopyridine groups, imidazopyrimidine groups, and azacarbazole groups; and

[0179] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 The phenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorene group, spirodifluorene group, benzo[9,10]fluorene group, dibenzo[9,10]fluorene group, phenanthracene group, anthracene group, fluoranthracene group, benzo[9,10]phenanthracene group, pyrene group, selected from at least one of the following: Groups, tetraphenyl group, styrene group, perylene group, pentylenetetrazol group, indoxanthracene group, dibenzofuran group, dibenzothiophene group, carbazole group, imidazole group, pyrazole group, thiazole group, isothiazole group, oxazole group, isoxazole group, pyridine group, pyrazine group, pyrimidine group, pyridazine group, indazole group, purine group, quinoline group, isoquinoline group, benzoquinoline group, phthalazine group, naphthidine group, quinoxaline group, quinazolinoline group, cyclophosphine group, phenanthridine group, acridine group, phenanthrene-rhein group, phenazine group, benzimidazole group, isobenzothiazole group, benzooxazole group, isobenzooxazole group, triazole group, tetraazole group, oxadiazole group, triazine group, thiadiazole group, imidazopyridine group, imidazopyrimidine group, and azacarbazole group,

[0180] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl.

[0181] When xe11 in equation 601 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 601 They can be connected to each other via a single key.

[0182] In one or more embodiments, Ar in Formula 601 601 It can be an anthracene group.

[0183] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by formula 601 can be represented by formula 601-1:

[0184] Formula 601-1

[0185]

[0186] In Equation 601-1,

[0187] X 614 It can be N or C(R) 614 ), X 615 It can be N or C(R) 615 ), X 616 It can be N or C(R) 616 ), and X 614 To X 616 At least one of them can be N,

[0188] L 611 To L 613 Each can independently bind with L 601 The descriptions are the same.

[0189] xe611 to xe613 can all be independently identical to those described in conjunction with xe1.

[0190] R 611 To R 613 They can all independently bind with R 601 The descriptions are the same, and

[0191] R 614 To R 616 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl.

[0192] In one embodiment, L in Equation 601 601 L in Equation 601-1 611 To L 613 Each can be independently selected from:

[0193] Phenylidene, naphthylene, fluorene, spirodifluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a]fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluorenylanethyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrene, pyrene, phenanthrene Perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxadiazolyl Pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinoxalinyl, phenanthrenediyl, acridineyl, phenanthrene-rheinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazoleyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and zazacarbazolyl; and

[0194] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thiophene, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazine The following are at least one of the following groups selected from: phenylene, naphthidyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, phenanthrynyl, phenanthrinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl; phenylene, naphthylene, fluorene, spirodifluorene, benzo[9,10]fluorene, dibenzo[9,10]fluorene, phenanthrynyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthraceneyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrynyl, pyreneylyl, etc. Perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxadiazolyl , pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinoxalinyl, phenanthreneridinyl, acridineyl, phenanthrene-pyridinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazoleyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and zazacarbazolyl,

[0195] However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0196] In one or more embodiments, xe1 in Formula 601 and xe611 to xe613 in Formula 601-1 can each be independently 0, 1 or 2.

[0197] In one or more embodiments, R in Formula 601 601 R in equation 601-1 611 To R 613 Each can be independently selected from:

[0198] Phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrene Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl Pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl;

[0199] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thiophene, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalyl The phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, terazolinyl, phenanthrynyl, acridineyl, phenanthrynyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl are selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl Pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl; and

[0200] -S(=O)2(Q 601 ) and -P(=O)(Q 601 (Q) 602 ),

[0201] Among them, Q 601 and Q 602 Each can be independently the same as the above.

[0202] The electron transport region 170 may include at least one compound selected from compounds ET1 to ET36, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0203]

[0204]

[0205]

[0206]

[0207] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region 170 may include at least one compound selected from 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq3, BAlq, 3-(biphenyl-4-yl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ), tetra-N-phenylbenzidine (TPB), and NTAZ.

[0208]

[0209] The thicknesses of the buffer layer, hole blocking layer, and electronic control layer can all be independently set to approximately [value missing]. to approximately For example, for about to approximately When the thicknesses of the buffer layer, hole blocking layer, and electronic control layer are within these ranges, excellent hole blocking characteristics and / or excellent electronic control characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0210] The thickness of the electron transport layer can be approximately to approximately For example, for about to approximately When the thickness of the electron transport layer is within the above range, the electron transport layer can have satisfactory electron transport characteristics without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0211] In addition to the materials described above, the electron transport region 170 (e.g., the electron transport layer in the electron transport region 170) may also include a metallic material.

[0212] The metal-containing material may include at least one selected from alkali metal complexes and alkaline earth metal complexes. The metal ion of the alkali metal complex may be selected from Li ions, Na ions, K ions, Rb ions, and Cs ions, while the metal ion of the alkaline earth metal complex may be selected from Be ions, Mg ions, Ca ions, Sr ions, and Ba ions. The ligand coordinated to the metal ion of the alkali metal complex or alkaline earth metal complex may be selected from hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthrene, and cyclopentadiene, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0213] In some embodiments, for example, the metal-containing material may include a Li complex. The Li complex may include, for example, compound ET-D1 (lithium hydroxyquinoline, LiQ) or compound ET-D2:

[0214]

[0215] The electron transport region 170 may include an electron injection layer to facilitate electron injection from the second electrode 190. The electron injection layer may be in direct contact with the second electrode 190.

[0216] The electron injection layer may have: i) a monolayer structure comprising a single material (e.g., composed of a single material); ii) a monolayer structure comprising multiple different materials (e.g., composed of multiple different materials); or iii) a multilayer structure having multiple layers composed of multiple different materials.

[0217] The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0218] The alkali metal may be selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs. In one embodiment, the alkali metal may be Li, Na, or Cs. In one or more embodiments, the alkali metal may be Li or Cs, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0219] The alkaline earth metal may be selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba.

[0220] The rare earth metal may be selected from scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y), cerium (Ce), terbium (Tb), ytterbium (Yb), and gadolinium (Gd).

[0221] The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth metal compound, and the rare earth metal compound may each independently be selected from oxides and halides (e.g., fluorides, chlorides, bromides, and / or iodides) of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, and the rare earth metal.

[0222] The alkali metal compound may be selected from alkali metal oxides (such as Li2O, Cs2O, and / or K2O) and alkali metal halides (such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, KI, and / or RbI). In one embodiment, the alkali metal compound may be selected from LiF, Li2O, NaF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and KI, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0223] The alkaline earth metal compound may be selected from alkaline earth metal oxides (such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O(0 < x < 1) and / or Ba x Ca 1-x O(0 < x < 1)). In one embodiment, the alkaline earth metal compound may be selected from BaO, SrO, and CaO, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0224] The rare earth metal compound may be selected from YbF3, ScF3, Sc2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, GdF3, and TbF3. In one embodiment, the rare earth metal compound may be selected from YbF3, ScF3, TbF3, YbI3, ScI3, and TbI3, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0225] Alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, and rare earth metal complexes may each include ions of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and rare earth metals as described above. The ligands coordinated to the metal ions of the alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, or rare earth metal complexes may be selected from hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthrene, and cyclopentadiene, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0226] The electron injection layer may include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof as described above (e.g., composed of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof as described above). In one or more embodiments, the electron injection layer may also include organic materials. When the electron injection layer further includes organic materials, the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or combinations thereof may be substantially uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in a matrix comprising organic materials (e.g., a matrix of organic materials).

[0227] The thickness of the electron injection layer can be approximately to approximately For example, for about to approximately When the thickness of the electron injection layer is within the above range, the electron injection layer can have satisfactory electron injection characteristics without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0228] Second electrode 190

[0229] As described above, the light-emitting device 100 includes a second electrode 190 facing the first electrode 110. The second electrode 190 may be the same as described above.

[0230] For example, the second electrode 190 can be both a cathode and a transmission electrode, and can include InSnO. x (x>0)(ITO), Ga-doped ZnO (GZO), In-doped ZnO (IZO), Al-doped ZnO (AZO), InZnSnO x (x>0)(IZTO), ZnSnO x (x>0)(ZTO) and any combination thereof, or can be derived from InSnO x(x>0)(ITO), Ga-doped ZnO (GZO), In-doped ZnO (IZO), Al-doped ZnO (AZO), InZnSnO x (x>0)(IZTO), ZnSnO x (x>0)(ZTO) and any combination thereof are formed.

[0231] For example, the second electrode 190 may include a lower electrode and an upper electrode, and both the lower electrode and the upper electrode may independently comprise InSnO. x (x>0)(ITO), Ga-doped ZnO (GZO), In-doped ZnO (IZO), Al-doped ZnO (AZO), InZnSnO x (x>0)(IZTO), ZnSnO x (x>0)(ZTO) and any combination thereof.

[0232] Figure 2 Description

[0233] Reference Figure 2 According to another embodiment, the light-emitting device 200 includes: a first electrode 110; a second electrode 190 facing the first electrode 110; an emitting layer 250 between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 190; a hole transport layer 132 between the first electrode 110 and the emitting layer 250; a hole injection layer 131 between the first electrode 110 and the hole transport layer 132; and an electron transport region 170 between the emitting layer 250 and the second electrode 190, wherein the hole transport layer 132 and the hole injection layer 131 are adjacent to each other. (For example, in composition, structure and / or electronic structure) different (e.g., distinguishable or differentiable), the hole injection layer 131 includes an oxide (i.e., a first inorganic material) selected from at least one of tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), gallium (Ga) and germanium (Ge), the first inorganic material having a work function with an absolute value of about 4.3 eV to about 5.3 eV, and the hole injection layer 131 and the hole transport layer 132 satisfy the above Equations 1 and 2.

[0234] The layers other than the emission layer 250 are the same as described above.

[0235] In one embodiment, the emission layer 250 may be an organic emission layer.

[0236] The following describes the emitter layer 250 as an organic emitter layer.

[0237] Launch layer 250

[0238] When the light-emitting device 200 is a full-color light-emitting device, the emitting layer 250 can be patterned as a red emitting layer, a green emitting layer, or a blue emitting layer according to the sub-pixels. In one or more embodiments, the emitting layer 250 may have a stacked structure of two or more layers selected from red, green, and blue emitting layers, wherein the two or more layers may be in contact with each other or may be separated from each other. In one or more embodiments, the emitting layer may include two or more materials selected from red, green, and blue emitting materials, wherein the two or more materials are mixed with each other in a single layer to emit white light.

[0239] The emitting layer 250 may include a host and a dopant. The dopant may include at least one of a phosphorescent dopant and a fluorescent dopant.

[0240] Based on 100 parts by weight of the main body, the amount of dopant in the emitter layer 250 can be from about 0.01 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0241] The thickness of the emission layer 250 can be approximately to approximately For example, for about to approximately When the thickness of the emitting layer 250 is within this range, excellent light emission characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0242] [The main body in emission layer 250]

[0243] In one or more embodiments, the body may include a compound represented by formula 301:

[0244] Formula 301

[0245] [Ar 301 ] xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 ] xb21 .

[0246] In Equation 301,

[0247] Ar 301 C5-C can be substituted or unsubstituted. 60 Carbocyclic group or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0248] xb11 can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0249] L 301 It can be selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Hybrid aryl, substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups,

[0250] xb1 can be an integer from 0 to 5.

[0251] R 301 It can be selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkyne, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q 301 (Q) 302 (Q) 303 -N(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -B(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -C(=O)(Q) 301 -S(=O)2(Q) 301 ) and -P(=O)(Q 301 (Q) 302 ),and

[0252] xb21 can be an integer from 1 to 5.

[0253] Among them, Q 301 To Q 303 Each can be independently selected from C1-C10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0254] In one embodiment, Ar in formula 301 301 It can be selected from:

[0255] Naphthalene group, fluorene group, spirodifluorene group, benzo[9,10]fluorene group, dibenzo[9,10]fluorene group, phenanthracene group, anthracene group, fluoranthracene group, benzo[9,10]phenanthracene group, pyrene group, Groups, tetraphenyl groups, styrene groups, perylene groups, pentylenetetrazol groups, indene-anthracene groups, dibenzofuran groups, and dibenzothiophene groups; and

[0256] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 The following groups are selected from at least one of the following groups: naphthyl group, fluorene group, spirodifluorene group, benzo[9,10]fluorene group, dibenzo[9,10]fluorene group, phenanthracene group, anthracene group, fluoranthracene group, benzo[9,10]phenanthracene group, pyrene group, Groups, tetraphenyl group, furan group, perylene group, pentylenetetrazol group, indene-anthracene group, dibenzofuran group and dibenzothiophene group,

[0257] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0258] When xb11 in equation 301 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 301 It can be connected via a single key.

[0259] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by formula 301 may be represented by formula 301-1 or formula 301-2:

[0260] Formula 301-1

[0261]

[0262] Formula 301-2

[0263]

[0264] In Equations 301-1 and 301-2,

[0265] A 301 To A 304 They can all be independently selected from benzene rings, naphthalene rings, phenanthrene rings, fluoranthene rings, benzo[9,10]phenanthrene rings, pyrene rings, Rings, pyridine rings, pyrimidine rings, indene rings, fluorene rings, spirobisfluorene rings, benzo[a]fluorene rings, dibenzo[a]fluorene rings, indole rings, carbazole rings, benzo[a]carbazole rings, dibenzo[a]carbazole rings, furan rings, benzo[a]furan rings, dibenzo[a]furan rings, naphtho[a]furan rings, benzo[a]naphtho[a]furan rings, dinaphtho[a]furan rings, thiophene rings, benzo[a]thiophene rings, dibenzo[a]thiophene rings, naphtho[a]thiophene rings, benzo[a]naphtho[a]thiophene rings, and dinaphtho[a]thiophene rings.

[0266] X 301 It can be O, S or N-[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ],

[0267] R 311 To R 314 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0268] xb22 and xb23 can each be independently 0, 1, or 2.

[0269] L301 xb1, R 301 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently identical to the above.

[0270] L 302 To L 304 Each can independently bind with L 301 The descriptions are the same.

[0271] xb2 to xb4 can all be independently identical to those described in conjunction with xb1, and

[0272] R 302 To R 304 Each independently binds to R 301 The descriptions are the same.

[0273] For example, L in Equations 301, 301-1, and 301-2 301 To L 304 Each can be independently selected from:

[0274] Phenylidene, naphthylene, fluorene, spirodifluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a]fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluorenylanethyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrene, pyrene, phenanthrene Perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxadiazolyl Pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinoxalinyl, phenanthrenediyl, acridineyl, phenanthrene-rheinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazoleyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and zazacarbazolyl; and

[0275] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridinyl, imidazole, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyridinyl Azinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 The following are selected from at least one of the following: phenylene, naphthylene, fluorene, spirodifluorene, benzo[9,10]fluorene, dibenzo[9,10]fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthracene, benzo[9,10]phenanthrene, pyrene, etc. Perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxadiazolyl , pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinoxalinyl, phenanthreneridinyl, acridineyl, phenanthrene-pyridinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazoleyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and zazacarbazolyl,

[0276] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently the same as the above.

[0277] In one embodiment, R in Equations 301, 301-1, and 301-2 301 To R 304Each can be independently selected from:

[0278] Phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrene Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl Pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl; and

[0279] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridinyl, imidazole, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyridinyl Azinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32The following are selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthraceneyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyreneyl, Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl Pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl.

[0280] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently the same as the above.

[0281] In one or more embodiments, the host may include an alkaline earth metal complex. For example, the host may be selected from Be complexes (e.g., compound H55) and Mg complexes. In some embodiments, the host may be a Zn complex.

[0282] The main body may include at least one selected from 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN), 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthyl-2-yl)anthracene (MADN), 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)-2-tert-butyl-anthracene (TBADN), 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-bis-9-carbazolylbenzene (mCP), 1,3,5-tris(carbazolyl-9-yl)benzene (TCP) and compounds H1 to H55, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0283]

[0284]

[0285]

[0286] Phosphorescent dopants included in the emitting layer 250

[0287] Phosphorescent dopants may include organometallic complexes represented by formula 401:

[0288] Formula 401

[0289] M(L 401 )xc1 (L 402 ) xc2

[0290] Formula 402

[0291]

[0292] In Equations 401 and 402,

[0293] M can be selected from iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), rhodium (Rh), and thulium (Tm).

[0294] L 401 The ligand can be represented by Equation 402, and xc1 can be 1, 2, or 3, wherein when xc1 is 2 or greater, two or more L... 401 They can be the same or different from each other.

[0295] L 402 It can be an organic ligand, and xc2 can be an integer from 0 to 4, where when xc2 can be 2 or greater, two or more L 402 They can be the same or different from each other.

[0296] X 401 To X 404 They can each be nitrogen or carbon independently.

[0297] X 401 and X 403 It can be connected via a single or double key, X 402 and X 404 It can be connected via a single key or a double key.

[0298] A 401 and A 402 Each can be independently C5-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0299] X 405 It can be a single bond, *-O-*', *-S-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-N(Q) 411 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 ) = *' or * = C = *', where Q 411 and Q 412 They can all be independently hydrogen, deuterium, or C1-C20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, or naphthyl,

[0300] X 406 It can be a single bond, O, or S.

[0301] R 401 and R 402 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 20 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) and -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ), where Q 401 To Q 403 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, C6-C 20 Aryl and C1-C 20 Mixed aromatics,

[0302] xc11 and xc12 can both be independent integers from 0 to 10, and

[0303] In Equation 402, * and *' both represent the binding position with M in Equation 401.

[0304] In one embodiment, A in Equation 402401 and A 402 They can all be independently selected from phenyl groups, naphthyl groups, fluorene groups, spirodifluorene groups, indene groups, pyrrole groups, thiophene groups, furan groups, imidazole groups, pyrazole groups, thiazole groups, isothiazole groups, oxazole groups, isoxazole groups, pyridine groups, pyrazine groups, pyrimidine groups, pyridazine groups, quinoline groups, isoquinoline groups, benzoquinoline groups, quinoxaloline groups, quinazoline groups, carbazole groups, benzimidazole groups, benzofuran groups, benzothiophene groups, isobenzothiophene groups, benzooxazole groups, isobenzooxazole groups, triazole groups, tetraazole groups, oxadiazole groups, triazine groups, dibenzofuran groups, and dibenzothiophene groups.

[0305] In one or more embodiments, in formula 402, i)X 401 It can be nitrogen, X 402 It can be carbon, or ii)X 401 and X 402 Both can be nitrogen (for example, simultaneously).

[0306] In one or more embodiments, R in Formula 402 401 and R 402 Each can be independently selected from:

[0307] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy;

[0308] All are substituted with at least one of the following C1-C groups selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, phenyl, naphthyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, and norbornyl. 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy;

[0309] Cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, carbazoleyl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiophenyl;

[0310] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20The cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, carbazoleyl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiopheneyl groups selected from at least one of the following: cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, carbazoleyl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiopheneyl groups; and

[0311] -Si(Q 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) and -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ),

[0312] Among them, Q 401 To Q 403 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, and naphthyl groups are used, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0313] In one or more embodiments, when xc1 in equation 401 is 2 or greater, two or more L 401 The two A's in 401 It can be optionally via (as a linker) X 407 Connected to each other, and the two A's 402 It can be optionally via (as a linker) X 408 They are interconnected (see, for example, compounds PD1 through PD4 and PD7). X 407 and X 408 They can all be independent single bonds, *-O-*', *-S-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-N(Q) 413 )-*'、*-C(Q 413 (Q) 414 )-*' or *-C(Q 413 )=C(Q 414 )-*'(where Q 413 and Q 414 They can all be independently hydrogen, deuterium, or C1-C20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl or naphthyl), but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0314] L in Equation 401 402 It can be a monovalent, divalent, or trivalent organic ligand. For example, L... 402 The components may be selected from halogens, diketones (e.g., acetylacetone (compound)), carboxylic acids (e.g., pyridinecarboxylic acid (salt)), -C (=O), isonitriles, -CN and phosphorus-containing substances (e.g., phosphine or phosphorous acid (salt)), but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0315] In one or more embodiments, the phosphorescent dopant may be selected from, for example, compounds PD1 to PD25, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0316]

[0317]

[0318] Fluorescent dopants in emitter layer 250

[0319] Fluorescent dopants may include arylamine compounds or styreneamine compounds.

[0320] Fluorescent dopants may include compounds represented by formula 501 or formula 502:

[0321] Formula 501

[0322]

[0323] In Equation 501,

[0324] Ar 501 C5-C can be substituted or unsubstituted. 60 Carbocyclic group or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0325] L 501 To L 503 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60Hybrid aryl, substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups,

[0326] xd1 to xd3 can each be an independent integer from 0 to 3.

[0327] R 501 and R 502 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups, and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, and

[0328] xd4 can be an integer from 1 to 6.

[0329] Formula 502

[0330]

[0331] In Equation 502,

[0332] X 501 To X 503 Each can be independently B or N.

[0333] A 501 To A 505 Both can be independently substituted or unsubstituted C5-C. 60 Carbocyclic group or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0334] R 501 To R 505 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups, and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, and

[0335] a501 to a505 can each be an independent integer from 1 to 6.

[0336] In one embodiment, in formulas 501 and 502, Ar 501 And A 501 To A 505 Each can be independently selected from:

[0337] Naphthyl group, heptadene group, fluorene group, spirodifluorene group, benzo[9,10]fluorene group, dibenzo[9,10]fluorene group, phenanthrene group, anthracene group, fluoranthene group, benzo[9,10]phenanthrene group, pyrene group, Groups, tetraphenyl groups, styrene groups, perylene groups, pentylenetetrazol groups, indene-anthracene groups, and indene-phenanthrene groups; and

[0338] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 The naphthyl group selected from at least one of alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl and naphthyl, heptadene group, fluorene group, spirodifluorene group, benzo[9,10]fluorene group, dibenzo[9,10]fluorene group, phenanthrene group, anthracene group, fluoranthene group, benzo[9,10]phenanthrene group, pyrene group, Groups, tetraphenyl group, styrene group, perylene group, penfenol group, indene-anthracene group and indene-phenanthrene group.

[0339] In one or more embodiments, L in Formula 501 501 To L 503 Each can be independently selected from:

[0340] Phenylidene, naphthylene, fluorene, spirodifluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a]fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluorenylanethyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrene, pyrene, phenanthrene alkyl, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazoyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazoyl, dibenzocarbazoyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, and pyridylene; and

[0341] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, The following are selected from at least one of the following groups: phenylene, perylene, pentofenyl, nehexaphenyl, nepentylphenyl, thiophenyl, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dibenzothiophenolyl, and pyridyl; phenylene, naphthylene, fluoreneylene, spirodifluoreneyl, benzo[9,10]fluoreneyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluoreneyl, phenanthreneyl, anthraceneylene, fluorenyleneyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthreneyl, pyreneyleneyl, etc. The compounds are: alkyl, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazoyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazoyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, and pyridylene.

[0342] In one or more embodiments, R in Formulas 501 and 502 501 To R 505 Each can be independently selected from:

[0343] Phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrene alkyl, peryl, pentyranyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, and pyridyl; and

[0344] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, alkyl, peryl, pentyranyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl and -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33The following are selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthraceneyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyreneyl, The following groups are listed: alkyl, peryl, pentyranyl, benzohexaphenyl, benzopentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, and pyridyl.

[0345] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl.

[0346] In one or more embodiments, xd4 in Formula 501 can be 2, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0347] For example, fluorescent dopants can be selected from compounds FD1 to FD22:

[0348]

[0349]

[0350]

[0351] In one or more embodiments, the fluorescent dopant may be selected from the following compounds, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0352]

[0353] In the above text, it has already been combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 A light-emitting device according to an embodiment has been described, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0354] The layer constituting the light-emitting device can be formed in a set or predetermined area using one or more suitable methods selected from vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition, inkjet printing, laser printing, and laser-induced thermal imaging (LITI).

[0355] When forming layers constituting a light-emitting device by vacuum deposition, depending on the material to be included and the structure of the layer to be formed, deposition temperatures of approximately 100°C to approximately 500°C and a deposition time of approximately 10... -8 To about 10 -3 The vacuum degree and about seconds to approximately Vacuum deposition is performed at a deposition rate of seconds.

[0356] When a layer constituting a light-emitting device is formed by spin coating, depending on the material to be included and the structure of the layer to be formed, spin coating can be performed at a coating speed of about 2,000 rpm to about 5,000 rpm and a heat treatment temperature of about 80°C to about 200°C.

[0357] Display devices

[0358] The light-emitting device can be included in a display device that includes a thin-film transistor. The thin-film transistor may include a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer, and either the source electrode or the drain electrode may be electrically connected to a first electrode of the light-emitting device.

[0359] Thin-film transistors may also include gate electrodes and / or gate insulating layers, etc.

[0360] The active layer may include crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, organic semiconductors and / or oxide semiconductors, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0361] The display device may also include a sealing portion for sealing the light-emitting device. The sealing portion allows the image from the light-emitting device to be realized and prevents external air and moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting device. The sealing portion may be a sealing substrate comprising transparent glass or a plastic substrate. The sealing portion may be a thin-film encapsulation layer comprising multiple organic layers and / or multiple inorganic layers. When the sealing portion is a thin-film encapsulation layer, the entire display device can be flexible.

[0362] General definition of substituents

[0363] As used herein, the term "C1-C" 60 "alkyl" refers to a straight-chain or branched monovalent group of an aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, and hexyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C" is used in conjunction with the alkyl group. 60 "alkylene" refers to a compound with C1-C2 atoms. 60 Alkyl groups are divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0364] As used herein, the term "C2-C" 60 "Alkenyl" refers to the group formed at C2-C. 60 A hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon double bond at the middle or end of an alkyl group, non-limiting examples of which include vinyl, propenyl, and butenyl groups. As used herein, the term "C2-C" is used... 60 "Alkenyl" refers to a group that has a C2-C bond structure. 60 Alkenes are divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0365] As used herein, the term "C2-C"60 "Alkyne group" refers to the group at C2-C 60 A hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond at the middle or end of an alkyl group, non-limiting examples of which include ethynyl and propynyl groups. As used herein, the term "C2-C" is used in conjunction with this. 60 "Alynyl group" refers to a group with a C2-C group. 60 The alkynyl group is a divalent group with a basically the same structure.

[0366] As used herein, the term "C1-C" 60 "Alkoxy" refers to the compound formed by -OA 101 (where A) 101 For C1-C 60 Alkyl groups are monovalent groups, and non-limiting examples include methoxy, ethoxy, and isopropoxy.

[0367] As used herein, the term "C3-C" 10 "Cycloalkyl" refers to a monocyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and cycloheptyl. As used herein, the term "C3-C" is also used. 10 "Cycloalkylene" refers to a compound with C3-C66 atoms. 10 Divalent groups with essentially the same structure as cycloalkyl groups.

[0368] As used herein, the term "C1-C" 10 "Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to a monovalent saturated monocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as the cyclic atom and 1 to 10 carbon atoms, with non-limiting examples including 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, and tetrahydrothiophenyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C..." 10 "Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to a compound with C1-C2 atoms. 10 Divalent groups with essentially the same structure as heterocyclic alkyl groups.

[0369] As used herein, the term "C3-C" 10 "Cycloalkenyl" refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring and not being aromatic; non-limiting examples include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl. As used herein, the term "C3-C" is also used. 10 "Biopylidene alkenyl" refers to a group that has a similar structure to C3-C4. 10 A divalent group with a structure that is essentially the same as a cycloalkenyl group.

[0370] As used herein, the term "C1-C" 10 "Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a cyclizing atom, one to ten carbon atoms, and at least one double bond in its ring. C1-C 10Non-limiting examples of heterocyclic alkenyl groups include 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxarizolyl, 2,3-dihydrofuranyl, and 2,3-dihydrothiophenyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C..." 10 "Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to a group that has a similar structure to C1-C1. 10 Divalent groups with essentially the same structure as heterocyclic alkenyl groups.

[0371] As used here, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryl" refers to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system comprising 6 to 60 carbon atoms, and as used herein, "C6-C" 60 "Aryl" refers to a divalent group in a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms. (C6-C) 60 Non-limiting examples of aryl groups include phenyl, naphthyl, anthraceneyl, phenanthryl, pyrene, and Base. When C6-C 60 Aryl and C6-C 60 When each of the aryl groups comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings may be fused together.

[0372] As used herein, the term "C1-C" 60 "Heteroaryl" refers to a monovalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a cyclizing atom in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms. As used herein, the term "C1-C" is also relevant. 60 "Hypo-aryl" refers to a divalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system, wherein the heterocyclic aromatic system has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a cyclizing atom in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms. C1-C 60 Non-limiting examples of heteroaryl groups include pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, and isoquinolinyl. When C1-C 60 heteroaryl and C1-C 60 When each heteroaryl group comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings may condense together.

[0373] As used here, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryloxy group" refers to -OA 102 (where A) 102 For C6-C 60 Aryl), as used herein in the term "C6-C 60 "Arylthio" refers to -SA 103 (where A) 103 For C6-C 60 Aryl).

[0374] As used herein, the term "monovalent nonaromatic condensation polycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings condensed together, with only carbon atoms (e.g., 8 to 60 carbon atoms) as cyclic atoms, and lacking aromaticity throughout its molecular structure. A non-limiting example of a monovalent nonaromatic condensation polycyclic group is the fluorene group. As used herein, the term "divalent nonaromatic condensation polycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as a monovalent nonaromatic condensation polycyclic group.

[0375] As used herein, the term "monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings condensed together, at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as cyclic atoms in addition to carbon atoms (e.g., 1 to 60 carbon atoms), and lacking aromaticity throughout its molecular structure. A non-limiting example of a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group is the carbazoyl group. As used herein, the term "divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group" refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group.

[0376] As used herein, the term "C4-C" 60 (For example, C5-C) 60 "Carbocyclic group" refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic group comprising 4 to 60 carbon atoms (e.g., composed of 4 to 60 carbon atoms) as cyclic atoms. As used herein, the term "C4-C..." 60 The "carbocyclic group" can be an aromatic carbocyclic group or a non-aromatic carbocyclic group. (C4-C) 60 The carbocyclic group can be a ring (such as benzene), a monovalent group (such as phenyl), or a divalent group (such as phenylene). In one or more embodiments, depending on the connection to C4-C... 60 The number of substituents in the carbocyclic group, C4-C 60 The carbon cyclic group can be a trivalent group or a tetravalent group.

[0377] As used herein, the term "C2-C" 60 (For example, C1-C) 60 "Heterocyclic group" refers to a group that, in addition to including at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a cyclic atom (excluding carbon (e.g., 2 to 60 carbon atoms)), has a cyclic structure similar to C4-C6. 60 Groups with essentially the same structure as carbon cyclic groups.

[0378] In this specification, C4-C is replaced. 60 Carbocyclic group, substituted C2-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, substituted C1-C 20 Alkylene, substituted C2-C 20 alkenyl, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted C1-C 10Heterocyclic alkyl groups, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted C1-C 60 Hybrid aryl, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group, substituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, substituted C2-C 60 Alkenyl, substituted C2-C 60 Alkyne group, substituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted C6-C 60 aryloxy groups, substituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted C1-C 60 At least one substituent in the heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group may be selected from:

[0379] Deuterium (-D), -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkoxy;

[0380] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, and C3-C. 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q)11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 ) and -P(=O)(Q 11 (Q) 12 Choose at least one of the C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkoxy;

[0381] C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group;

[0382] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 (Q) 22 Choose at least one of the C3-C options. 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic and monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic; and

[0383] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0384] Among them, Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic, C1-C substituted with at least one of deuterium, -F and cyano. 60 Alkyl groups, substituted with at least one of deuterium, -F, and cyano groups, at a C6-C position. 60 Aryl, biphenyl, and terphenyl.

[0385] As used herein, the term "Ph" refers to phenyl, "Me" refers to methyl, "Et" refers to ethyl, and "tert-Bu" or "Bu" refers to tert-Bu. t "Refers to tert-butyl, as the term "OMe" used herein refers to methyl methacrylate (MMA).

[0386] As used herein, the term "biphenyl" refers to a phenyl group that has a substituted phenyl group. For example, "biphenyl" is a phenyl group with a C6-C substituted phenyl group. 60 Aryl groups are substituted phenyl groups.

[0387] As used herein, the term "terphenyl" refers to a phenyl group substituted with biphenyl groups. For example, "terphenyl" is a phenyl group having C6-C substituted biphenyl groups. 60 C6-C of aryl 60 Aryl groups are substituted phenyl groups.

[0388] Unless otherwise defined, * and *' as used herein refer to the binding site with the adjacent atom in the corresponding expression.

[0389] The compounds and light-emitting devices according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below.

[0390] Example

[0391] Example 1

[0392] As both the substrate and anode, it is equipped with 15Ωcm 2 The ITO glass substrate (manufactured by Corning) was cut to a size of 50mm × 50mm × 0.7mm, ultrasonicated with isopropanol and pure water for 5 minutes each, and then cleaned by ultraviolet irradiation and ozone exposure for 30 minutes. The resulting glass substrate was then loaded onto a vacuum deposition apparatus.

[0393] Vacuum deposition of WO3 on an ITO anode to form a structure with A hole injection layer of a certain thickness is formed, and MoO3 is vacuum-deposited on the hole injection layer to form a hole injection layer with a certain thickness. A hole transport layer of a certain thickness.

[0394] mCP and t-DABNA are co-deposited on the hole transport layer to form a structure with The thickness of the emission layer.

[0395] TPB is deposited on the emitter layer to form a structure with A thick electron transport layer is formed, and then Yb / AgMg is vacuum deposited on the electron transport layer to form a cathode, thereby completing the fabrication of the light-emitting device.

[0396]

[0397] WO3 Escape Function: -5.3eV

[0398] E HOMO_HIL -5.30eV

[0399] E HOMO_HTL-5.15eV

[0400] Comparison Example 1

[0401] As both the substrate and anode, it is equipped with 15Ωcm 2 The ITO glass substrate (manufactured by Corning) was cut to a size of 50mm × 50mm × 0.7mm, ultrasonicated with isopropanol and pure water for 5 minutes each, and then cleaned by ultraviolet irradiation and ozone exposure for 30 minutes. The resulting glass substrate was then loaded onto a vacuum deposition apparatus.

[0402] Vacuum deposition of MoO3 on an ITO anode to form a structure with A hole injection layer of a certain thickness is formed, and MoO3 is vacuum-deposited on the hole injection layer to form a hole injection layer with a certain thickness. A hole transport layer of a certain thickness.

[0403] mCP and t-DABNA are co-deposited on the hole transport layer to form a structure with The thickness of the emission layer.

[0404] TPB is deposited on the emitter layer to form a structure with A thick electron transport layer is formed, and then Yb / AgMg is vacuum deposited on the electron transport layer to form a cathode, thereby completing the fabrication of the light-emitting device.

[0405] MoO3 work function: -4.5 eV

[0406] E HOMO_HIL -5.15eV

[0407] E HOMO_HTL -5.15eV

[0408] Comparison Example 2

[0409] As both the substrate and anode, it is equipped with 15Ωcm 2 The ITO glass substrate (manufactured by Corning) was cut to a size of 50mm × 50mm × 0.7mm, ultrasonicated with isopropanol and pure water for 5 minutes each, and then cleaned by ultraviolet irradiation and ozone exposure for 30 minutes. The resulting glass substrate was then loaded onto a vacuum deposition apparatus.

[0410] NiO is vacuum deposited on an ITO anode to form a structure with... A hole injection layer of a certain thickness is formed, and MoO3 is vacuum-deposited on the hole injection layer to form a hole injection layer with a certain thickness. A hole transport layer of a certain thickness.

[0411] mCP and t-DABNA are co-deposited on the hole transport layer to form a structure with The thickness of the emission layer.

[0412] TPB is deposited on the emitter layer to form a structure with A thick electron transport layer is formed, and then Yb / AgMg is vacuum deposited on the electron transport layer to form a cathode, thereby completing the fabrication of the light-emitting device.

[0413] NiO work function: -4.9 eV

[0414] E HOMO_HIL -4.9eV

[0415] E HOMO_HTL -5.15eV

[0416] Comparison Example 3

[0417] As both the substrate and anode, it is equipped with 15Ωcm 2 The ITO glass substrate (manufactured by Corning) was cut to a size of 50mm × 50mm × 0.7mm, ultrasonicated with isopropanol and pure water for 5 minutes each, and then cleaned by ultraviolet irradiation and ozone exposure for 30 minutes. The resulting glass substrate was then loaded onto a vacuum deposition apparatus.

[0418] Vacuum deposition of ZnO on an ITO anode to form a structure with A hole injection layer of a certain thickness is formed, and CBP is vacuum-deposited on the hole injection layer to form a hole injection layer with a certain thickness. A hole transport layer of a certain thickness.

[0419] mCP and t-DABNA are co-deposited on the hole transport layer to form a structure with The thickness of the emission layer.

[0420] TPB is deposited on the emitter layer to form a structure with A thick electron transport layer is formed, and then Yb / AgMg is vacuum deposited on the electron transport layer to form a cathode, thereby completing the fabrication of the light-emitting device.

[0421] ZnO work function: -4.5eV

[0422] E HOMO_HIL -4.5eV

[0423] E HOMO_HTL -4.5eV

[0424] Compare Example 4

[0425] As both the substrate and anode, it is equipped with 15Ωcm 2 The ITO glass substrate (manufactured by Corning) was cut to a size of 50mm × 50mm × 0.7mm, ultrasonicated with isopropanol and pure water for 5 minutes each, and then cleaned by ultraviolet irradiation and ozone exposure for 30 minutes. The resulting glass substrate was then loaded onto a vacuum deposition apparatus.

[0426] NiO is vacuum deposited on an ITO anode to form a structure with... A hole injection layer of a certain thickness is formed, and WO3 is vacuum-deposited on the hole injection layer to form a layer with [missing information]. A hole transport layer of a certain thickness.

[0427] mCP and t-DABNA are co-deposited on the hole transport layer to form a structure with The thickness of the emission layer.

[0428] TPB is deposited on the emitter layer to form a structure with A thick electron transport layer is formed, and then Yb / AgMg is vacuum deposited on the electron transport layer to form a cathode, thereby completing the fabrication of the light-emitting device.

[0429] NiO work function: -4.9 eV

[0430] E HOMO_HIL -4.9eV

[0431] E HOMO_HTL -5.30eV

[0432] Evaluation Example

[0433] The JV characteristics, EQE, and lifetime of the light-emitting devices manufactured according to Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1:

[0434] Table 1

[0435] Drive voltage (%) EQE (%) <![CDATA[Life (hours, T 95 )]]> Example 1 4.5 18.2 150 Comparison Example 1 5.8 14.3 110 Comparison Example 2 5.2 17.6 130 Comparison Example 3 6.9 12.1 60 Compare Example 4 5.9 15.9 75

[0436] Referring to Table 1, it is confirmed that, compared with the light-emitting devices manufactured according to Comparative Examples 1 to 4, the light-emitting device manufactured according to Example 1 has a lower driving voltage, a higher level of brightness and luminous efficiency, and a longer lifespan.

[0437] Light-emitting devices can be free of dark spots and can have excellent lifespan characteristics as well as reduced production costs due to simplified manufacturing processes.

[0438] As used herein, the terms “basically,” “about,” and similar terms are used as approximate terms rather than terms of degree and are intended to indicate the inherent biases in measurements or calculations that will be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0439] Any numerical range stated herein is intended to include all subranges with the same numerical precision contained within the stated range. For example, the range “1.0 to 10.0” is intended to include all subranges between the stated minimum value 1.0 and the stated maximum value 10.0 (inclusive), that is, a minimum value equal to or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0, such as 2.4 to 7.6. Any maximum numerical limit stated herein is intended to include all smaller numerical limits contained therein, and any minimum numerical limit stated in this specification is intended to include all larger numerical limits contained therein. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to amend this specification (including the claims) to expressly state any subranges contained within the range expressly stated herein.

[0440] It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are to be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for limiting purposes. The description of features or aspects in each embodiment should generally be considered applicable to other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope as defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A light-emitting device, the light-emitting device comprising: First electrode; The second electrode faces the first electrode; An emission layer is located between the first electrode and the second electrode; A hole transport layer is located between the first electrode and the emitter layer; A hole injection layer is located between the first electrode and the hole transport layer; as well as The electron transport region is located between the emitter layer and the second electrode. The hole injection layer includes a first inorganic material. The first inorganic material is an oxide of at least one metal selected from tungsten, molybdenum, zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, gallium, and germanium. The first inorganic material has a work function with an absolute value of 4.3 eV to 5.3 eV, and The hole injection layer and the hole transport layer satisfy the following equations 1 and 2: Formula 1 |E LUMO_HIL | > |E LUMO_HTL | + 0.1 eV Formula 2 |E HOMO_HIL | > |E HOMO_HTL | + 0.1 eV, In Equation 1, |E LUMO_HIL |and|E LUMO_HTL | These refer to the absolute values ​​of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels of the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer, respectively. In Equation 2, |E HOMO_HIL |and|E HOMO_HTL | These refer to the absolute values ​​of the highest occupied molecular orbital energy levels of the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer, respectively. The hole transport layer includes at least one second inorganic material selected from WO3, MoO3, ZnO, Cu2O, CuO, CoO, Ga2O3 and GeO2, and the second inorganic material is different from the first inorganic material.

2. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, The first inorganic material is at least one selected from WO3, MoO3, ZnO, Cu2O, CuO, CoO, Ga2O3 and GeO2.

3. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, The hole transport layer has a highest occupied molecular orbital energy level with an absolute value of 5.15 eV or less.

4. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, The hole transport layer is essentially free of p-dopersive agents.

5. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, The emission layer is an inorganic emission layer comprising at least one selected from quantum dots and perovskites.

6. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, The emission layer is an organic emission layer.

7. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, The electron transport region includes an electron transport layer, and the electron transport layer includes an inorganic material.

8. The light-emitting device according to claim 7, wherein, The electron transport layer includes ZnO, TiO2, WO3, SnO2, Mg-doped ZnO, Al-doped ZnO, Ga-doped ZnO, In-doped ZnO, and ZnSiO. x Al-doped TiO2, Ga-doped TiO2, In-doped TiO2, Al-doped WO3, Ga-doped WO3, In-doped WO3, Al-doped SnO2, Ga-doped SnO2, In-doped SnO2, or any combination thereof, wherein 0 <x<5。 9. A display device, the display device comprising a thin-film transistor and a light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the thin-film transistor comprising a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer. in, The first electrode of the light-emitting device is electrically connected to one of the source electrode and the drain electrode selected from the thin-film transistor.

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