A soilless culture water constant temperature system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a soilless culture water constant temperature system, which relates to soilless culture technology and aims to solve the problem of root zone temperatures being unsuitable for plant growth for extended periods, significantly impacting both product quality and product quality. The key technical aspects of the system are as follows: it comprises a cabinet, a plurality of planting trays fixedly connected to the cabinet that divide the cabinet's inner cavity into a plurality of culture chambers, a drainage tray provided on the planting trays, a water tank fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cabinet, the water tank being connected to the plurality of drainage trays via a water pump and drainage pipes, and a plurality of ventilation fans fixedly connected to the side walls of the cabinet. The system can regulate the temperature and humidity of each culture chamber, is suitable for cultivating a variety of hydroponic plants, improves the survival rate of hydroponic plants, provides a favorable growth environment, and enhances plant quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to soilless culture technology, and more particularly to a soilless culture water constant temperature system. Background Art

[0002] As land resources become increasingly scarce, arable land is becoming less and less, and the development of soilless cultivation technology is an important means to solve this problem. However, there are large differences in climatic conditions between the east and west and the north and south of China. Most areas are cold in winter and hot in summer. Regardless of nutrient solution cultivation or substrate cultivation, the root zone temperature is either very low or very high. Even if the temperature is controlled to a certain extent, the root zone temperature is not suitable for plant growth for a long time, which greatly affects the product and quality.

[0003] Therefore, a new solution needs to be proposed to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a soilless cultivation water constant temperature system that can adjust the temperature and humidity of each culture chamber, is suitable for cultivating a variety of hydroponic plants, improves the survival rate of hydroponic plants, provides a good growth environment, and improves the quality of plants.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: a soilless culture water constant temperature system, including a cabinet, a plurality of planting trays that divide the inner cavity of the cabinet into a plurality of culture cavities are fixedly connected to the cabinet, a drainage tray is provided on the planting tray, a water tank is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cabinet, the water tank is connected to the plurality of drainage trays through a water pump and a drainage pipe, a plurality of ventilation fans are fixedly connected to the side wall of the cabinet, a plurality of temperature and humidity detection modules for obtaining the temperature and humidity conditions in the culture cavity are fixedly connected to the cabinet, a control module connected to the temperature and humidity detection module is provided in the cabinet, and the control module outputs an exhaust signal for starting the ventilation fan in response to the temperature and humidity conditions being greater than the set temperature and humidity.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, a temperature and humidity detection module is set to detect the temperature and humidity inside the cabinet. When the temperature and humidity inside the cabinet are higher than the set temperature and humidity, an exhaust signal can be output to power the ventilation fan to achieve ventilation inside the cabinet, thereby adjusting the temperature and humidity inside the cabinet. The planting tray can separate the inner cavity of the cabinet to ensure that hydroponic plants have a good growth space, and can adjust the temperature and humidity of each culture cavity. It is suitable for cultivating a variety of hydroponic plants, improving the survival rate of hydroponic plants, providing a good growth environment, and improving the quality of plants.

[0007] The present invention is further configured such that the top surface of the planting tray is depressed downward to form a recess for accommodating a drainage tray, the drainage tray is provided with a cover plate for closing the recess, and a plurality of planting baskets located on the drainage tray are clamped on the cover plate.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the recess can position and fix the drainage tray, and providing a cover on the recess can reduce the volatilization of water. By connecting the planting basket with the cover, the hydroponic plants can be fixed, thereby improving the quality of plant growth.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: an LED lighting source and an electric heating element are provided at the bottom end of the planting tray; the control module is connected to the electric heating element and outputs a temperature adjustment signal for powering the electric heating element in response to the temperature and humidity conditions being lower than the set temperature.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, an LED lighting source and an electric heating element are set at the bottom of the planting tray. The LED lighting source can ensure the lighting requirements during plant growth, and the electric heating element heats under the control of the temperature control signal to adjust the nutrient solution in the drainage tray and the room temperature in the culture chamber, which is suitable for the growth of hydroponic plants and improves the survival rate of hydroponics and the quality of plant cultivation.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: a liquid adding chamber and a liquid mixing chamber for storing nutrient solution are provided in the water tank, a pH sensor is provided in the liquid mixing chamber, the pH sensor is used to obtain the pH value of the liquid in the liquid mixing chamber to output an acid-base signal, an electromagnetic valve is provided between the liquid adding chamber and the liquid mixing chamber, and the control module outputs a liquid adding signal for opening the electromagnetic valve in response to the acid-base signal being greater than the set pH reference value.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, a pH sensor is set in the mixing chamber to detect the pH value of the hydroponic solution mixed with the nutrient solution, thereby understanding the content of the nutrient solution in the hydroponic solution and ensuring that the concentration and pH value of the hydroponic solution are suitable for the growth of hydroponic plants, thereby improving the nutritional content.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: a liquid level detection module is provided in the drainage tray, the liquid level detection module is used to detect the liquid level in the drainage tray to output a liquid level signal, the control module is connected to the liquid level detection module, and in response to the liquid level signal being less than a set liquid level reference signal, outputs a driving signal for driving the water pump.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the liquid level detection module detects the liquid level of the hydroponic liquid in the drainage tray, and when the liquid level drops, the hydroponic liquid in the water tank is sucked by the water pump to replenish it, thereby ensuring the supply of hydroponic liquid to the plants and improving the survival rate of the plants.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as follows: the top surface of the drainage tray is recessed to form a plurality of liquid storage tanks arranged along its length direction, a separating ridge is provided between adjacent liquid storage tanks, one side of the plurality of drainage trays is connected to a water distributor, and the drainage tray is fixedly connected to a flow-blocking ridge located on the same side of the plurality of liquid storage tanks.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the water supply to the plants arranged side by side can be separated by setting the dividing ribs, and by setting the flow-blocking ribs, when the hydroponic liquid submerges the flow-blocking ribs and enters the liquid storage tank, the hydroponic liquid is blocked by the flow-blocking ribs and stored in the liquid storage tank to supply the plants.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that: the liquid level detection module includes a liquid suction probe located at the top of the blocking rib, and the liquid suction probe outputs a liquid level signal as a voltage signal in response to liquid immersing the blocking rib.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, a liquid suction probe is set at the top of the blocking rib. Only when the hydroponic liquid immerses the blocking rib, the hydroponic liquid contacts the liquid suction probe, changing the capacitance of the liquid suction probe, thereby outputting a liquid level signal as a voltage signal to the control module.

[0019] The present invention is further configured as follows: the control module includes several multi-level voltage comparators and switching circuits, the input and output ends of the multi-level voltage comparators are connected to an integrated reference source circuit for providing a reference source signal, and several of the switching circuits are respectively connected to a water pump, a ventilation fan, an electric heating element and a solenoid valve, and respond to the multi-level voltage comparator outputting a high-level driving signal, an exhaust signal, a temperature control signal and a liquid adding signal to drive the water pump, the ventilation fan, the electric heating element and the solenoid valve.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, a multi-level voltage comparator and an integrated reference source circuit can provide multiple reference signals for comparison with collected signals such as liquid level signals, temperature and humidity signals. When hydroponically cultivating multiple plants, different temperature and humidity coefficients can be set according to the plant varieties to increase the applicability of the equipment.

[0021] The present invention is further configured as follows: the control module also includes a single-chip microcomputer minimum system and a display circuit, the single-chip microcomputer minimum system is connected to the liquid level detection module, the temperature and humidity detection module and the pH sensor, and the display circuit is connected to the single-chip microcomputer minimum system, and is used to obtain the data source collected by the liquid level detection module, the temperature and humidity detection module and the pH sensor to display the liquid level, temperature and humidity and pH value.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature, liquid level and pH value can be encoded and decoded through the single-chip minimum system and display circuit, and the pH value, temperature, humidity and liquid level of the hydroponic solution can be displayed through the display circuit, which makes it easier for people to understand the parameters of soilless cultivation and facilitates people to control and record.

[0023] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] A temperature and humidity detection module is set to detect the temperature and humidity inside the cabinet. When the temperature and humidity inside the cabinet are higher than the set temperature and humidity, an exhaust signal can be output to power the ventilation fan to achieve ventilation inside the cabinet, thereby adjusting the temperature and humidity inside the cabinet. The planting tray can separate the inner cavity of the cabinet to ensure that hydroponic plants have a good growth space, and can adjust the temperature and humidity of each culture cavity, which is suitable for cultivating a variety of hydroponic plants, improving the survival rate of hydroponic plants, providing a good growth environment, and improving the quality of plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the drainage tray in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the water tank of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural block diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 The circuit principle of the temperature and humidity detection module in the present invention is Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 7 The circuit principle of the temperature and humidity detection module in the present invention is Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the pH sensor of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of the liquid level detection module in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of the control module in the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Cabinet; 2. Planting tray; 3. Drainage tray; 5. Water pump; 6. Drainage pipe; 7. Ventilation fan; 8. Control module; 9. Cover; 10. Liquid adding chamber; 11. Liquid mixing chamber; 12. Solenoid valve; 13. Liquid storage tank; 14. Separator; 15. Water distributor; 16. Multi-stage voltage comparator; 17. Switching circuit; 18. Integrated reference source circuit; 19. Single-chip microcomputer minimum system; 20. Display circuit; 21. Flow blocking rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] A soilless culture water constant temperature system, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 7 As shown, it includes a cabinet 1, and a plurality of planting trays 2 are fixedly connected to the cabinet 1 to divide the inner cavity of the cabinet 1 into a plurality of culture cavities. The planting trays 2 are provided with a drainage tray 3. The bottom end of the cabinet 1 is fixedly connected to a water tank, and the water tank is connected to the plurality of drainage trays 3 through a water pump 5 and a drainage pipe 6. A plurality of ventilation fans 7 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the cabinet 1. A plurality of temperature and humidity detection modules for obtaining the temperature and humidity conditions in the culture chamber are fixedly connected to the cabinet 1. A control module 8 connected to the temperature and humidity detection module is provided in the cabinet 1. The control module 8 outputs an exhaust signal for starting the ventilation fan 7 in response to the temperature and humidity conditions being greater than the set temperature and humidity.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the top surface of the planting tray 2 is depressed downward to form a recess for accommodating the drainage tray 3, and a cover plate 9 for closing the recess is clamped on the drainage tray 3, and a number of planting baskets located on the drainage tray 3 are clamped on the cover plate 9, and the bottom end of the planting tray 2 is fixedly connected to an LED lighting source and an electric heating element, and a control module 8 is connected to the electric heating element, and in response to the temperature and humidity conditions being less than the set temperature, a temperature control signal for powering the electric heating element is output.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the water tank is provided with a liquid adding chamber 10 for storing nutrient solution and a liquid mixing chamber 11, a pH sensor is placed in the liquid mixing chamber 11, the pH sensor is used to obtain the pH value of the liquid in the liquid mixing chamber 11 to output an acid-base signal, and an electromagnetic valve 12 is installed between the liquid adding chamber 10 and the liquid mixing chamber 11. When the electromagnetic valve 12 is energized, it connects the liquid adding chamber 10 and the liquid mixing chamber 11, allowing the nutrient solution to flow into the liquid mixing chamber 11. The control module 8 outputs a liquid adding signal for opening the electromagnetic valve 12 in response to the acid-base signal being greater than the set pH reference value.

[0040] like Figure 2 and Figure 9As shown, a liquid level detection module is provided in the drain tray 3, and the liquid level detection module is used to detect the liquid level in the drain tray 3 to output a liquid level signal. The control module 8 is connected to the liquid level detection module, and responds to the liquid level signal being less than the set liquid level reference signal to output a driving signal for driving the water pump 5. Specifically, the top surface of the drain tray 3 is recessed to form a plurality of liquid storage tanks 13 arranged along its length direction, and a separating ridge 14 is provided between adjacent liquid storage tanks 13. A water distributor 15 is connected to one side of the plurality of drain trays 3, and a flow blocking ridge 21 located on the same side of the plurality of liquid storage tanks 13 is fixedly connected to the drain tray 3. The liquid level detection module includes a liquid suction probe located at the top of the flow blocking ridge 21, and the liquid suction probe responds to the liquid immersing the flow blocking ridge 21 to output a liquid level signal as a voltage signal.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, the control module 8 includes a plurality of multi-level voltage comparators 16 and a switching circuit 17. The input and output ends of the multi-level voltage comparator 16 are connected to an integrated reference source circuit 18 for providing a reference source signal. The plurality of switching circuits 17 are respectively connected to the water pump 5, the ventilation fan 7, the electric heating element and the solenoid valve 12. In response to the multi-level voltage comparator 16 outputting a high-level driving signal, an exhaust signal, a temperature adjustment signal and a liquid adding signal to drive the water pump 5, the ventilation fan 7, the electric heating element and the solenoid valve 12, the specific integrated reference source circuit 18 includes a plurality of fixed resistors connected in series and having the same resistance value. The multi-level voltage comparator 16 is composed of a plurality of integrated voltage comparators, and the reverse input ends of the integrated voltage comparators are respectively connected to the potential points between the fixed resistors to provide a reference signal whose voltage increases or decreases in integer multiples, so that people can choose the appropriate reference signal size according to the plants to be planted.

[0042] like Figure 5 and Figure 10As shown, the control module 8 also includes a single-chip microcomputer minimum system 19 and a display circuit 20. The single-chip microcomputer minimum system 19 is connected to the liquid level detection module, the temperature and humidity detection module and the pH sensor. The display circuit 20 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer minimum system 19 and is used to obtain the data source collected by the liquid level detection module, the temperature and humidity detection module and the pH sensor to display the liquid level, temperature and humidity and pH value. Among them, the single-chip microcomputer minimum system 19 is a chip minimum system based on the chip MSP430f149. The P1 port, P6 port, P2 port and P3 port of the chip MSP430f149 are respectively connected to the encoder J1, encoder J2 and encoder J3. And encoder J4, encoder J1, encoder J2, encoder J3 and encoder J4 are connected to the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, pH sensor and the liquid suction probe as the liquid level sensor in turn, and the analog signals collected by the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, pH sensor and the liquid level sensor are obtained and compiled into binary digital signals and transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer minimum system 19, which is decoded by the single-chip microcomputer minimum system 19 and drives the display circuit 20 for display, so that people can understand the environmental status of the hydroponic plant. The display circuit 20 includes a liquid crystal display, which is a liquid-energy-operated technology well known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated on here.

[0043] Working process: People place the seeds of hydroponic plants in the planting basket and carry out soilless cultivation. The temperature and humidity inside the cabinet 1 are detected by the temperature sensor and humidity sensor located in the cabinet 1. The humidity signal obtained by the humidity sensor is transmitted to the multi-level voltage comparator 16 as a humidity signal with a voltage size. The voltage size of the humidity signal is greater than the voltage reference signal provided by the integrated reference source circuit 18 at the reverse input end of the multi-level voltage comparator 16, such as the set humidity coefficient. When the humidity signal is greater than the set humidity coefficient, the multi-level voltage comparator 16 outputs a high-level exhaust signal, which turns on the switching transistor in the switching circuit 17, starts the ventilation fan 7, and discharges the humid air in the cabinet 1 out of the cabinet 1. When the humidity in the cabinet 1 is lower than the set humidity coefficient, the multi-level voltage comparator 16 outputs a low level, cuts off the power to the ventilation fan 7, reduces the air flow between the cabinet 1 and the outside world, and then adjusts the humidity in the cabinet 1.

[0044] When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature inside the cabinet 1 is lower than the set temperature coefficient, the voltage output by the temperature sensor based on the thermistor increases, and a high-level signal is output to the switching circuit 17 through the multi-level voltage comparator 16 connected thereto to power the electric heating element. Since the electric heating element is located on the planting tray 2, it can indirectly heat the hydroponic solution in the drainage tray 3, avoiding the low outside temperature in winter causing the hydroponic solution to cool down and freeze the roots of the plants, and heat the air inside the cabinet 1, which is suitable for the growth of the plants.

[0045] A dividing rib 14 is provided on the drainage tray 3, which can separate the water supply for plants arranged side by side, and through the setting of the blocking rib 21, when the hydroponic liquid passes through the blocking rib 21 and enters the liquid storage tank 13, the hydroponic liquid is blocked by the blocking rib 21 and stored in the liquid storage tank 13 to supply the plants. Since the liquid suction probe is provided at the top of the blocking rib 21, only when the hydroponic liquid immerses the blocking rib 21, the hydroponic liquid contacts the liquid suction probe, changing the capacitance of the liquid suction probe, thereby outputting a liquid level signal as a voltage signal to the control module 8, controlling the water pump 5 to transport the hydroponic liquid in the mixing chamber of the water tank through the drainage pipe to the water distributor 15, replenishing the hydroponic liquid in the drainage tray 3, ensuring the water supply to the plants, and improving the survival rate of the plants.

[0046] By setting a pH sensor in the mixing chamber 11, the pH value of the hydroponic solution mixed with the nutrient solution can be detected, so as to understand the content of the nutrient solution in the hydroponic solution, and ensure that the concentration and pH value of the hydroponic solution are suitable for the growth of hydroponic plants, thereby improving the nutritional components. When the pH value is greater than the set pH value and is alkaline, the multi-level voltage comparator 16 connected to the pH sensor outputs a high-level signal, driving the solenoid valve 12 to be in an open state, and the nutrient solution in the liquid storage chamber flows into the mixing chamber, adjusting the concentration of the hydroponic solution, supplying nutrients to the plants, and improving the quality of plant growth.

[0047] In addition, a single-chip microcomputer minimum system 19 and a display circuit 20 are set in the control module 8. The temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and pH sensor are collected as analog signals of voltage through encoding and decoding operations and displayed on the display circuit 20 after encoding and decoding operations, which is convenient for experimenters to observe the status of soilless cultivation, timely understand the temperature and humidity in the cabinet 1 and the pH value of the hydroponic solution, and adjust and record them.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. All technical solutions based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soilless culture water constant temperature system, characterized by: The invention comprises a cabinet (1), wherein a plurality of planting trays (2) for dividing the inner cavity of the cabinet (1) into a plurality of culture cavities are fixedly connected to the cabinet (1), a drainage tray (3) is provided on the planting tray (2), a water tank is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cabinet (1), and the water tank is connected to the plurality of drainage trays (3) via a water pump (5) and a drainage pipe (6), a plurality of ventilation fans (7) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the cabinet (1), a plurality of temperature and humidity detection modules for obtaining temperature and humidity conditions in the culture cavities are fixedly connected to the cabinet (1), a control module (8) connected to the temperature and humidity detection module is provided in the cabinet (1), and the control module (8) outputs an exhaust signal for starting the corresponding ventilation fan (7) in response to the temperature and humidity conditions being greater than a set temperature and humidity; The top surface of the planting tray (2) is recessed downward to form a recess for accommodating the drainage tray (3); a cover plate (9) for closing the recess is provided on the drainage tray (3); and a plurality of planting baskets located on the drainage tray (3) are clamped onto the cover plate (9); The bottom end of the planting tray (2) is provided with an LED lighting source and an electric heating element, and the control module (8) is connected to the electric heating element and outputs a temperature adjustment signal for supplying power to the electric heating element in response to the temperature and humidity condition being less than a set temperature; The water tank is provided with a liquid adding chamber (10) and a liquid mixing chamber (11) for storing nutrient solution. A pH sensor is provided in the liquid mixing chamber (11). The pH sensor is used to obtain the pH value of the liquid in the liquid mixing chamber (11) to output an acid-base signal. A solenoid valve (12) is provided between the liquid adding chamber (10) and the liquid mixing chamber (11). The control module (8) outputs a liquid adding signal for opening the solenoid valve (12) in response to the acid-base signal being greater than a set pH reference value. A liquid level detection module is provided in the drainage tray (3), and the liquid level detection module is used to detect the liquid level in the drainage tray (3) to output a liquid level signal. The control module (8) is connected to the liquid level detection module and outputs a driving signal for driving the water pump (5) in response to the liquid level signal being less than a set liquid level reference signal. The top surface of the drainage tray (3) is recessed to form a plurality of liquid storage tanks (13) arranged along its length direction, and a separation ridge (14) is provided between adjacent liquid storage tanks (13). One side of the plurality of drainage trays (3) is connected to a water distributor (15), and the drainage tray (3) is fixedly connected to a flow blocking ridge (21) located on the same side of the plurality of liquid storage tanks (13); The liquid level detection module comprises a liquid suction probe located at the top of the flow-blocking rib (21), and the liquid suction probe outputs a liquid level signal as a voltage signal in response to liquid immersing the flow-blocking rib (21).

2. A soilless culture water constant temperature system according to any one of claim 1, characterized in that: The control module (8) includes a plurality of multi-level voltage comparators (16) and a switching circuit (17), wherein the input and output ends of the multi-level voltage comparators (16) are connected to an integrated reference source circuit (18) for providing a reference source signal, and the plurality of switching circuits (17) are respectively connected to the water pump (5), the ventilation fan (7), the electric heating element and the solenoid valve (12), and output a high-level driving signal, an exhaust signal, a temperature adjustment signal and a liquid addition signal in response to the multi-level voltage comparator (16) to drive the water pump (5), the ventilation fan (7), the electric heating element and the solenoid valve (12).

3. The soilless culture water constant temperature system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control module (8) further includes a single-chip microcomputer minimum system (19) and a display circuit (20). The single-chip microcomputer minimum system (19) is connected to the liquid level detection module, the temperature and humidity detection module, and the pH sensor. The display circuit (20) is connected to the single-chip microcomputer minimum system (19) and is used to obtain data sources collected by the liquid level detection module, the temperature and humidity detection module, and the pH sensor to display the liquid level, temperature and humidity, and pH value.

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