A high-guidance high-temperature superconducting bulk and strip stacked hybrid magnetic levitation system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-guidance performance high-temperature superconducting block and strip stacking hybrid maglev system, which includes a cold source, a superconductor arrangement and a permanent magnet track; the superconductor arrangement is composed of a plurality of horizontal superconducting blocks and a vertical stack of superconducting strips, and the permanent magnet track is composed of a vertical magnetized magnet and a horizontal magnetized magnet; the cold source and the superconductor are arranged in sequence from top to bottom above the permanent magnet track, the cold source cools the superconductor arrangement, and the permanent magnet track provides an applied external magnetic field; the vertical stack of superconducting strips is arranged directly above the vertical magnetized magnet, and the horizontal superconducting block is arranged directly above the horizontal magnetized magnet, so that the superconducting block seed crystal point faces the permanent magnet track. The present invention combines the advantages of high-temperature superconducting block and high-temperature superconducting strip maglev systems, overcomes the shortcomings of difficult processing and low efficiency of vertically arranged superconducting blocks and induced eddy currents of horizontal stacks of superconducting strips, and enables the system to obtain higher guidance performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the application field of high-temperature superconducting maglev technology, and in particular to a high-guiding-performance high-temperature superconducting block and strip stacked hybrid maglev system. Background Art

[0002] The high-temperature superconducting maglev system has self-stabilizing suspension and guidance capabilities, and its translation system has a theoretical maximum operating speed of 3000 km / h. Therefore, it has broad application prospects in ground ultra-high-speed transportation systems. However, the guidance performance of the high-temperature superconducting maglev system is relatively weak, and improving its guidance performance is the key to its practical application. The existing technologies mainly include:

[0003] (1) If Figure 1 As shown, the relevant patent sets the horizontal superconducting block C-axis 22 and the vertical superconducting block C-axis 29 perpendicular to the magnetization direction facing the magnet, so that the system can obtain higher guidance performance. However, in actual applications, the superconducting block is usually set horizontally, and the superconducting block seed crystal point 23 faces the permanent magnet track 3. When its thickness exceeds about 10 mm, its guidance performance tends to saturate; when the superconducting block is set vertically for use, on the one hand, the superconducting block needs to be machined. Since the superconducting block is a ceramic material at room temperature, the machining is easily damaged, resulting in performance degradation or damage. On the other hand, when the vertical magnetization magnet area is wide (more than 10 mm), the use efficiency of the superconducting block material will be reduced. When multiple superconductors are combined and set vertically, in addition to the need for mechanical processing, the amount of superconducting material used is increased, resulting in higher costs;

[0004] (2) If Figure 2 As shown in the literature (IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., 2018, 28(4):3601605), when the C-axis 27 of the horizontal stack of superconducting tapes and the C-axis 25 of the vertical stack of superconducting tapes are arranged perpendicular to the magnetization direction of the magnet, the system can obtain higher guidance performance, but this arrangement makes the system lose its suspension performance. In addition, Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown in the figure, due to the magnetic field attenuation at the connection points along the longitudinal direction of the permanent magnet track, when the horizontal stack of superconducting tapes runs at high speed above the permanent magnet track, it is equivalent to applying an alternating magnetic field, thereby generating induced eddy currents on the surface of the tape. i , resulting in temperature rise and further degrading system performance.

[0005] (3) Other technologies include: reducing the operating temperature of the system through nitrogen cooling or refrigerators, using high-performance superconducting materials and increasing the amount of superconducting materials to improve the critical current density and the ability to capture magnetic flux of the system; increasing the amount of permanent magnetic materials, residual magnetism and optimizing the configuration of permanent magnetic tracks to improve the strength of the applied external magnetic field of the permanent magnetic track. The above methods mainly improve the performance of materials, increase the amount of materials and optimize the system to achieve higher guidance performance, but at the same time, they will also bring higher dead weight and high costs. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art in which vertically arranged superconducting blocks are difficult to process and have low efficiency, and horizontally stacked superconducting tapes induce eddy currents, the present invention provides a hybrid magnetic levitation system of high-temperature superconducting blocks and tapes stacked with high guidance performance, with the aim of enabling the system to achieve higher guidance performance without increasing the system's own weight and cost.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A high-guiding-performance high-temperature superconducting block and strip stacking hybrid maglev system is characterized in that it comprises a cold source, a superconductor arrangement and a permanent magnet track; the superconductor arrangement is composed of a plurality of horizontal superconducting blocks and a vertical stack of superconducting strips, and the permanent magnet track is composed of a vertically magnetized magnet and a horizontally magnetized magnet; the cold source and the superconductor are arranged in sequence from top to bottom above the permanent magnet track, the cold source cools the superconductor arrangement, and the permanent magnet track provides an applied external magnetic field; the vertical stack of superconducting strips is arranged directly above the vertically magnetized magnet, and the horizontal superconducting block is arranged directly above the horizontally magnetized magnet, so that the superconducting block seed crystal point faces the permanent magnet track.

[0009] The use of horizontal superconducting blocks to replace the horizontal stack of superconducting tapes and to set the magnets facing the horizontal magnetization direction can greatly reduce the temperature rise caused by the eddy current on the surface of the superconducting tape stacking magnetic levitation system during high-speed operation, making the system more stable, reliable and practical.

[0010] A vertical stack of superconducting tapes is used to replace the vertical superconducting blocks to set the magnets in the vertical magnetization direction. Compared with superconducting blocks, superconducting tapes have excellent self-field critical current density and mechanical strength, as well as good low-temperature and high-field performance, which can significantly improve the guidance performance of the system. The stacking performance of superconducting tapes is uniform, and the stacking thickness setting is flexible and simple.

[0011] Furthermore, the horizontal superconducting block is a single structure of ReBaCuO (Re is a rare earth element) block or other superconducting material block, or a combination structure of any two or more of them.

[0012] Furthermore, the superconducting tape vertical stack is stacked by ReBaCuO (Re is a rare earth element) tapes or other superconducting material tapes in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and different stacking thicknesses can be flexibly set by controlling the number of stacking layers.

[0013] Furthermore, the cold source is provided by a normal pressure or low pressure liquid nitrogen cryogenic container and a refrigerator, and the superconductor arrangement is directly or indirectly cooled by liquid nitrogen, solid nitrogen, and a cold head;

[0014] Furthermore, the permanent magnetic track is a single magnetic pole or multi-magnetic pole track composed of a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, a superconducting wire (strip) coil magnet, or a combination of any two or more of them;

[0015] Furthermore, when the permanent magnet track is assembled with permanent magnets, its transverse structure is arranged in a horizontal top-to-top arrangement of magnetic poles or in a Halbach array.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: it overcomes the shortcomings of vertically arranged superconducting blocks, such as difficult processing and low efficiency, and induced eddy currents in horizontally stacked superconducting tapes. Compared with a single type of high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation system, the system can achieve a certain suspension capacity and higher guidance performance without increasing the weight and cost of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments;

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of setting the C axis of the superconducting bulk material perpendicular to the magnetization direction;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of setting the superconducting tape stack with the C axis perpendicular to the magnetization direction;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal distribution of the external field of the permanent magnet track;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of induced current distribution on the surface of superconducting tape stack;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a three-pole high-temperature superconducting block and strip stacked hybrid maglev system;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a hybrid magnetic levitation system with dual-pole high-temperature superconducting block and strip stacking; the names of the numbers in the figure are:

[0024] 1-cold source, 2-superconductor arrangement, 21-horizontal superconducting block, 22-horizontal superconducting block C axis, 23-superconducting block seed crystal point, 24-superconducting tape vertical stack, 25-superconducting tape vertical stack C axis, 26-superconducting tape horizontal stack, 27-superconducting tape horizontal stack C axis, 28-vertical superconducting block, 29-vertical superconducting block C axis, 3-permanent magnet track, 31-horizontally magnetized magnet, 32-vertically magnetized magnet, 33-magnetic pole axis, B ⊥ -Vertical field. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Embodiment 1:

[0026] like Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the three-pole high-temperature superconducting block and strip stacking hybrid maglev system shown is composed of a cold source 1, a superconductor arrangement 2, and a permanent magnet track 3. The superconductor arrangement 2 is composed of a plurality of horizontal superconducting blocks 21 and a vertical stack 24 of superconducting strips, and the permanent magnet track 3 is composed of a vertical magnetized magnet 32 ​​and a horizontal magnetized magnet 31. Above the permanent magnet track 3, a cold source 1 and a superconductor arrangement 2 are arranged from top to bottom, the cold source 1 cools the superconductor arrangement 2, and the permanent magnet track 3 provides an applied external magnetic field. A horizontal superconducting block 21 is arranged directly above the horizontal magnetized magnet 31, so that the superconducting block seed crystal point 23 faces the permanent magnet track 3, and a vertical stack 24 of superconducting strips is arranged directly above the vertical magnetized magnet 32.

[0027] The horizontal superconducting block 21 is a single structure of ReBaCuO (Re is a rare earth element) block or other superconducting material blocks or a combination structure of any two or more of them.

[0028] The superconducting tape vertical stack 24 is made of ReBaCuO (Re is a rare earth element) tapes or other superconducting material tapes stacked in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane. By controlling the number of stacking layers, different stacking thicknesses can be flexibly set.

[0029] The cold source 1 is provided by a normal pressure or low pressure liquid nitrogen cryogenic container and a refrigerator, and the superconductor arrangement is directly or indirectly cooled by liquid nitrogen, solid nitrogen, and a cold head;

[0030] The permanent magnet track 3 is a single magnet combination structure of permanent magnets, electromagnets, superconducting wire (strip) coil magnets, or a combination structure of any two or more, forming a single magnetic pole or multi-magnetic pole track; when the permanent magnet track 3 is assembled with permanent magnets, its transverse structure is arranged in a horizontal top-to-top arrangement of magnetic poles or a Halbach array.

[0031] The present invention combines the advantages of high-temperature superconducting block and high-temperature superconducting tape maglev systems, overcomes the shortcomings of vertically arranged superconducting block materials, such as difficult processing and low efficiency, and induced eddy currents in horizontally stacked superconducting tapes, so that the system can obtain higher guidance performance. In other high-temperature superconducting maglev systems based on single-pole and odd-numbered multi-pole tracks, the arrangement of superconductors is consistent with the arrangement method of the above-mentioned three-pole high-temperature superconducting block and tape stacking hybrid maglev system.

[0032] Embodiment 2:

[0033] like Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the dual-pole high-temperature superconducting block and strip stacking hybrid maglev system shown is composed of a cold source 1, a superconductor arrangement 2, and a permanent magnet track 3. The superconductor arrangement 2 is composed of a plurality of horizontal superconducting blocks 21 and a vertical stack 24 of superconducting strips, and the permanent magnet track 3 is composed of a vertical magnetized magnet 32 ​​and a horizontal magnetized magnet 31. Above the permanent magnet track 3, a cold source 1 and a superconductor arrangement 2 are arranged from top to bottom, the cold source 1 cools the superconductor arrangement 2, and the permanent magnet track 3 provides an applied external magnetic field. A horizontal superconducting block 21 is arranged directly above the horizontal magnetized magnet 31, so that the superconducting block seed crystal point 23 faces the permanent magnet track 3, and a vertical stack 24 of superconducting strips is arranged directly above the vertical magnetized magnet 32. In other high-temperature superconducting maglev systems based on an even number of multi-pole tracks, the arrangement of the superconductor arrangement is consistent with the arrangement method of the dual-pole high-temperature superconducting block and strip stacking hybrid maglev system.

[0034] and Figure 6 Compared with the system structure in , the superconducting tape vertical stack 24 is stacked in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane. By reducing the number of stacking layers, the thickness of the superconducting tape vertical stack 24 can be reduced, so that the ratio between the horizontal superconducting block 21 and the superconducting tape vertical stack 24 can be adjusted, and further, the system's guiding performance and suspension performance can be regulated.

[0035] It can be seen that compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include: overcoming the shortcomings of the vertical arrangement of superconducting blocks, the difficulty in processing, the low efficiency, and the induced eddy current of the horizontal stack of superconducting tapes. Compared with a single type of high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation system, the system can simultaneously achieve a certain suspension capacity and higher guidance performance without increasing the system's own weight and cost.

[0036] The implementation of the present invention is described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes. The above-mentioned specific implementation modes are illustrative rather than limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-guiding performance high-temperature superconducting block and strip stacked hybrid magnetic levitation system, characterized in that: It includes a cold source, a superconductor arrangement and a permanent magnet track; the superconductor arrangement is composed of a plurality of horizontal superconducting blocks and a vertical stack of superconducting tapes, and the permanent magnet track is composed of a vertically magnetized magnet and a horizontally magnetized magnet; the cold source and the superconductor are arranged in sequence from top to bottom above the permanent magnet track, the cold source cools the superconductor arrangement, and the permanent magnet track provides an applied external magnetic field; the vertical stack of superconducting tapes is arranged directly above the vertically magnetized magnet, and the horizontal superconducting block is arranged directly above the horizontally magnetized magnet, so that the seed crystal point of the superconducting block faces the permanent magnet track; the horizontal superconducting block is a ReBaCuO block, wherein Re is a rare earth element; the vertical stack of superconducting tapes is stacked by ReBaCuO tapes in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane, wherein Re is a rare earth element.

2. A high-guidance high-temperature superconducting block and strip stacked hybrid magnetic levitation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold source is provided by a normal pressure or low pressure liquid nitrogen cryogenic container and a refrigerator, and the superconductor arrangement is directly or indirectly cooled by liquid nitrogen, solid nitrogen and a cold head.

3. A high-guidance high-temperature superconducting block and strip stacked hybrid magnetic levitation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnet track is a single magnet combination structure of a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, a superconducting wire coil magnet, or a combination structure of any two or more of them, forming a single magnetic pole or multi-magnetic pole track.

4. A high-guidance performance high-temperature superconducting block and strip stacked hybrid magnetic levitation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the permanent magnet track is assembled with permanent magnets, its transverse structure is arranged in a horizontal top-to-top arrangement of magnetic poles or a Halbach array.

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