A vacuum section flow adjustable plasticizing section pin vented extruder

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of extruders, in particular to a plasticizing section pin exhaust extruder with adjustable vacuum section flow, which comprises a rack, a first shell, a second shell, a screw, an exhaust assembly and a plasticizing assembly; the first shell is installed on the top of the rack; a feeding slot is formed on the top of the first shell; the second shell is fixedly connected to the side of the first shell; the screw is arranged inside the first shell and the second shell; the end of the screw is installed in the first shell; by setting the adjusting ring, the screw and the adjusting rod, the above-mentioned parts are matched with each other, so that the size of the shearing groove section can be adjusted, the section of the shearing groove is matched with the extrusion performance of the material, so that the screw does not need to be replaced according to the material alone, the applicability is high, the production of the factory is facilitated, and the stability of the product section can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of extruders, specifically a vacuum section flow adjustable plasticizing section pin venting extruder. Background Technology

[0002] An extruder is a type of machinery used in the production of plastics and rubber. Extruders can be broadly classified into twin-screw extruders, single-screw extruders, multi-screw extruders, and screwless extruders.

[0003] Currently, extruders can be divided into a feeding section, a plasticizing section, a venting section, a vacuum extraction section, and an extrusion section. The screw transports the material from the feeding section to the extrusion section, where it is extruded and shaped. The plasticizing section melts the material at high temperatures. The venting end removes air from the material through a shear groove and the screw. The vacuum extraction section uses a vacuum pump to extract the air extruded from the material, thereby enhancing the material's physical properties. However, there are many types of materials, each with different viscosity, hardness, and extrusion performance. Existing extruders have a fixed shear groove area, making it impossible to adjust the area according to the material, resulting in poor applicability. Materials with good extrusion performance pass through the shear groove in large quantities, clogging the vacuum pump's extraction port, while materials with poor extrusion performance pass through the shear groove in small quantities, leading to insufficient extrusion in the extrusion section. Therefore, to address these issues, a vacuum section flow-adjustable, plasticizing section pin-venting extruder is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and address the issue that the shear groove area of ​​existing extruders is fixed and cannot be adjusted according to the material, resulting in poor applicability, with a large amount of material with good extrusion performance passing through the shear groove and clogging the vacuum pump's exhaust port, while a small amount of material with poor extrusion performance passes through the shear groove, leading to insufficient extrusion material, this invention proposes a vacuum section flow-adjustable plasticizing section pin-vented extruder.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: A vacuum section flow adjustable plasticizing section pin venting extruder, comprising a frame, a first housing, a second housing, a screw, a venting assembly, and a plasticizing assembly; the first housing is mounted on the top of the frame; a feed chute is formed on the top of the first housing; the second housing is fixedly connected to the side of the first housing; the screw is disposed inside the first and second housings; the end of the screw is installed inside the first housing; the venting assembly is disposed on the side of the second housing away from the first housing; the plasticizing assembly is disposed on the surface of the second housing; a suction device is installed on the side of the venting assembly away from the second housing; an extrusion device is installed on the side of the suction device; the venting assembly includes an adjusting ring; the adjusting ring is fixedly connected to... The second housing is located on the side away from the first housing; the screw passes through the adjusting ring; a shearing groove is formed on the inner wall of the adjusting ring; a set of first threaded grooves is formed on the side of the shearing groove away from the screw; the first threaded grooves are arranged in a circumferential array on the side of the shearing groove; a screw is threadedly connected to the first threaded groove; a shearing rod is fixedly connected to one end of the screw located in the first threaded groove; the shearing rod passes through the wall of the first threaded groove near the shearing groove and is slidably connected to it. By rotating the screw, the length of the shearing rod can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the cross-sectional size of the shearing groove, so that the cross-section of the shearing groove matches the extrusion performance of the material. Therefore, it is not necessary to change the screw separately according to the material, which has high applicability, facilitates factory production, and improves the stability of the product cross-section.

[0006] Preferably, the plasticizing component includes a pin; a set of annular cavities are formed on the surface of the second housing; a first sealing cover and a set of second sealing cover are bolted to the side of the annular cavity away from the screw; the first sealing cover has an inlet and an outlet hole; a set of second threaded grooves are formed on the side wall of the second housing; the pin is threaded into the second threaded groove; an annular groove is formed on the surface of the screw at the position corresponding to the pin; the end of the pin is inserted into the annular groove, which increases the contact area with the material, thereby improving the melting rate of the material.

[0007] Preferably, a feed hopper is fixedly connected to the top of the feed trough; a first motor is fixedly connected to the side wall at the bottom of the feed hopper; a first crushing rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor; the end of the first crushing rod penetrates the side wall of the feed hopper and is rotatably connected thereto; a first gear is fixedly connected to the end of the first crushing rod away from the first motor; a second crushing rod is provided on the side of the first crushing rod; both ends of the second crushing rod penetrate the side wall of the feed hopper and are rotatably connected thereto; a second gear is fixedly connected to the end of the second crushing rod away from the first motor; the first gear and the second gear mesh with each other; a first blade and a second blade are fixedly connected to the first crushing rod and the second crushing rod, respectively. This arrangement allows for the crushing of agglomerated materials, thereby enabling more thorough plasticization of the materials.

[0008] Preferably, a suction assembly is fixedly connected to the side of the feed hopper; the suction assembly includes a suction shell and a collection unit; the suction shell is fixedly connected to the side of the feed hopper; a collection shell is fixedly connected to the bottom of the suction shell; the collection shell is fixedly connected to the feed hopper; a cavity is formed inside the collection shell; an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the collection shell; a cover is fixedly connected to the side of the suction shell away from the feed hopper; a second motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the cover; a first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor; the first rotating shaft passes through the side wall of the suction shell and is rotatably connected to it; a fan blade is fixedly connected to the end of the first rotating shaft located inside the suction shell; the collection unit is located inside the collection shell. This arrangement can suck up airborne powdery materials, thereby protecting the health of workers.

[0009] Preferably, the collection unit includes a fixed frame; the fixed frame is hinged to the inner wall of the collection box on the side away from the feed hopper; the fixed frame is inclined; a filter screen is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed frame; a first magnetic strip is fixedly connected to the top side of the fixed frame; a second magnetic strip is fixedly connected to the top side of the cavity at a position corresponding to the first magnetic strip; an elastic rope is fixedly connected between the top side of the fixed frame and the side wall of the cavity; a guide groove is provided at the bottom of the cavity near the feed hopper; a windproof cloth is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the fixed frame; the bottom of the windproof cloth is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the cavity; the windproof cloth is arranged on the side of the fixed frame near the feed hopper, and this arrangement can recycle materials, thereby reducing material waste.

[0010] Preferably, a second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the cavity; a cam is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft; a third rotating shaft is provided on the side of the cavity away from the feed hopper; the third rotating shaft passes through the side wall of the cavity and is rotatably connected to it; a flexible shaft is fixedly connected between the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft; a first pulley is fixedly connected to the end of the third rotating shaft located outside the cavity; a second pulley is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft; belts are fitted on the first pulley and the second pulley. This arrangement can increase the falling speed of the material, thereby reducing the amount of airflow entering the feed hopper.

[0011] The advantages of this invention are:

[0012] 1. This invention, by setting an adjusting ring, screw, and adjusting rod, relies on the cooperation of these parts to adjust the size of the shear groove cross-section, so that the cross-section of the shear groove matches the extrusion performance of the material. Therefore, it is not necessary to replace the screw separately according to the material, which has high applicability, facilitates factory production, and can improve the stability of the product cross-section.

[0013] 2. The present invention, by setting up a feeding hopper, a first crushing rod, a second crushing rod, a first motor, a first gear, a second gear, a first blade, and a second blade, relies on the cooperation of the above parts to crush agglomerated materials, thereby avoiding the failure of materials to be completely plasticized. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first sealing cover structure in Embodiment 1;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pin structure in Example 1;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feed hopper structure in Example 1;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second crushing rod structure in Embodiment 1;

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0021] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point C;

[0022] Figure 8 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point D;

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cam structure in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the mesh cover in Example 2.

[0025] In the diagram: 11. Frame; 12. First housing; 13. Second housing; 14. Screw; 15. Feed chute; 21. Adjusting ring; 22. Shearing groove; 23. First threaded groove; 24. Screw; 25. Shearing rod; 31. Annular cavity; 32. First sealing cover; 33. Second sealing cover; 34. Infusion port; 35. Outlet port; 36. Pin; 37. Annular groove; 41. Feed hopper; 42. First motor; 43. First crushing rod; 44. Second crushing rod; 45. First gear; 4 6. Second gear; 47. First blade; 48. Second blade; 51. Suction shell; 52. Collection shell; 53. Exhaust pipe; 54. Cover; 55. Second motor; 56. First shaft; 57. Fan blade; 61. Fixing frame; 62. Filter screen; 63. First magnetic strip; 64. Second magnetic strip; 65. Elastic rope; 66. Feed guide trough; 67. Windproof cloth; 71. Second shaft; 72. Cam; 73. Third shaft; 74. First pulley; 75. Second pulley; 8. Mesh cover. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Please see Figure 1-9As shown, a vacuum section flow-adjustable plasticizing section pin-vented extruder includes a frame 11, a first housing 12, a second housing 13, a screw 14, a venting assembly, and a plasticizing assembly. The first housing 12 is mounted on top of the frame 11. A feed chute 15 is formed on the top of the first housing 12. The second housing 13 is fixed to the side of the first housing 12. The screw 14 is disposed inside the first housing 12 and the second housing 13. The end of the screw 14 is installed inside the first housing 12. The venting assembly is disposed on the side of the second housing 13 away from the first housing 12. The plasticizing assembly is disposed on the side of the second housing 13 away from the first housing 12. The surface of the second housing 13; an air extraction device is installed on the side of the exhaust assembly away from the second housing 13; an extrusion device is installed on the side of the air extraction device; the exhaust assembly includes an adjusting ring 21; the adjusting ring 21 is fixed to the side of the second housing 13 away from the first housing 12; the screw 14 passes through the adjusting ring 21; a shearing groove 22 is formed on the inner sidewall of the adjusting ring 21; a set of first threaded grooves 23 is formed on the side of the shearing groove 22 away from the screw 14; the first threaded grooves 23 are arranged in a surrounding array on the side of the shearing groove 22; the first threaded grooves 23 are connected by threads. There is a screw 24; one end of the screw 24 located in the first threaded groove 23 is fixedly connected to a shearing rod 25; the shearing rod 25 penetrates the wall of the first threaded groove 23 near the shearing groove 22 and is slidably connected to it; in the current technology, a motor is installed on the first housing 12, and gears are fixedly connected to both the screw 14 and the output end of the motor; the two gears mesh with each other, thereby driving the screw 14 to rotate through the motor, the material is poured into the first housing 12 through the feed trough 15, and the material is transported to the second housing 13 by the screw 14, where the material is melted by the plasticizing component, and then the material is transported... The material is fed into the adjusting ring 21, where it is sheared by the screw 14 in conjunction with the shearing groove 22 and the shearing rod 25, thereby expelling air from the raw material. By rotating the screw 24, the length of the shearing rod 25 can be adjusted, thus adjusting the cross-sectional size of the shearing groove 22. This ensures that the cross-section of the shearing groove 22 matches the extrusion performance of the material, eliminating the need to replace the screw 14 separately for different materials. This method is highly adaptable, facilitates factory production, and improves the stability of the product cross-section. The discharged gas is extracted by the air extraction device, and the material is extruded through the extrusion device and the screw 14.

[0029] The plasticizing component includes a pin 36; a set of annular cavities 31 are formed on the surface of the second housing 13; a first sealing cover plate 32 and a set of second sealing cover plates 33 are bolted to the side of the annular cavity 31 away from the screw 14; the first sealing cover plate 32 has a liquid inlet 34 and a liquid outlet 35; a set of second threaded grooves are formed on the side wall of the second housing 13; the pin 36 is threadedly connected to the second threaded groove; an annular groove 37 is formed on the surface of the screw 14 at the position corresponding to the pin 36; the end of the pin 36 is inserted into the annular groove 37; in use, the liquid pipe is fixedly connected to the liquid inlet 34 and the liquid outlet 35, the high-temperature liquid enters the annular cavity 31 through the liquid inlet 34, and then the liquid flows out through the liquid outlet 35, heating the second housing 13 with the high-temperature liquid, thereby heating the material inside the second housing 13. The pin 36 can increase the contact area with the material, thereby increasing the melting speed of the material.

[0030] A feeding hopper 41 is fixedly connected to the top of the feeding trough 15; a first motor 42 is fixedly connected to the side wall at the bottom of the feeding hopper 41; a first crushing rod 43 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 42; the end of the first crushing rod 43 penetrates the side wall of the feeding hopper 41 and is rotatably connected to it; a first gear 45 is fixedly connected to the end of the first crushing rod 43 away from the first motor 42; a second crushing rod 44 is provided on the side of the first crushing rod 43; both ends of the second crushing rod 44 penetrate the side wall of the feeding hopper 41 and are rotatably connected to it; a second gear 46 is fixedly connected to the end of the second crushing rod 44 away from the first motor 42; the first gear 45 and the second gear 46 mesh with each other; the first... A first blade 47 and a second blade 48 are fixedly connected to a first crushing rod 43 and a second crushing rod 44, respectively. During use, when the powdery material becomes damp, it will clump together. Since the length of the second shell 13 is fixed, the center of the clumped material cannot be fully plasticized. During use, the first motor 42 operates, driving the first crushing rod 43 to rotate. The first crushing rod 43 drives the first gear 45 to rotate, and the first gear 45 drives the second crushing rod 44 to rotate through the second gear 46. This causes the first blade 47 and the second blade 48 to rotate, thereby crushing the clumped material and making the material more fully plasticized.

[0031] A suction assembly is fixedly connected to the side of the feed hopper 41; the suction assembly includes a suction shell 51 and a collection unit; the suction shell 51 is fixedly connected to the side of the feed hopper 41; a collection shell 52 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the suction shell 51; the collection shell 52 is fixedly connected to the feed hopper 41; a cavity is formed inside the collection shell 52; an exhaust pipe 53 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the collection shell 52; a cover 54 is fixedly connected to the side of the suction shell 51 away from the feed hopper 41; a second motor 55 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the cover 54; a first rotating shaft 56 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 55; the first rotating shaft 56 passes through the side wall of the suction shell 51 and is rotatably connected to it; the first rotating shaft 56 is located in the suction shell. A fan blade 57 is fixedly connected to one end of 51; the collection unit is located inside the collection shell 52; during use, when the powdery material is poured and crushed, the material is scattered into the air at the top of the feed hopper 41, which may endanger the health of the personnel involved in the process. During use, the second motor 55 works, and the second motor 55 drives the first rotating shaft 56 to rotate. The first rotating shaft 56 drives the fan blade 57 to rotate, and the fan blade 57 draws in the air at the top of the feed hopper 41. This air is sucked into the collection shell 52, where the material in the air can be filtered through the collection unit. Then the air is discharged through the exhaust pipe 53, the bottom of which is installed outdoors, thereby protecting the health of the personnel.

[0032] The collection unit includes a fixed frame 61; the fixed frame 61 is hinged to the inner wall of the collection box on the side away from the feed hopper 41; the fixed frame 61 is inclined; a filter screen 62 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed frame 61; a first magnetic strip 63 is fixedly connected to the top side of the fixed frame 61; a second magnetic strip 64 is fixedly connected to the top side of the cavity at a position corresponding to the first magnetic strip 63; an elastic rope 65 is fixedly connected between the top side of the fixed frame 61 and the side wall of the cavity; a guide groove 66 is opened at the bottom of the cavity near the feed hopper 41; a windproof cloth 67 is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the fixed frame 61; the bottom of the windproof cloth 67 is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the cavity; the windproof cloth 67 is located on the side of the fixed frame 61 near the feed hopper 41; in use, the fan blades can be filtered through the filter screen 62. The air drawn in by filter 62 is inclined, so the material will accumulate at the lower part of filter 62. When the material accumulates to a certain extent, the first magnetic strip 63 and the second magnetic strip 64 separate, and then the elastic rope 65 stretches. The material will roll into the guide trough 66 under the action of airflow and gravity, and then enter the feed hopper 41 through the guide trough 66, thus completing the material recycling and reducing material waste. After the material is cleaned up, the elastic rope 65 retracts, thereby driving the fixed frame 61 to rotate and reset. The fixed frame 61 is fixed by the first magnetic strip 63 and the second magnetic strip 64. The windproof cloth 67 set at the bottom can prevent airflow from entering the guide trough 66 from the bottom of filter 62, thus preventing the airflow from blowing away the material in the guide trough 66.

[0033] A second rotating shaft 71 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the cavity; a cam 72 is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 71; a third rotating shaft 73 is provided on the side of the cavity away from the feed hopper 41; the third rotating shaft 73 passes through the side wall of the cavity and is rotatably connected to it; a flexible shaft is fixedly connected between the second rotating shaft 71 and the third rotating shaft 73; a first pulley 74 is fixedly connected to the end of the third rotating shaft 73 located outside the cavity; a second pulley 75 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 56; and the first pulley 74 and the second pulley 75 are fitted with... A belt is provided; in use, the first rotating shaft 56 drives the second pulley 75 to rotate, the second pulley 75 drives the first pulley 74 to rotate via the belt, and then the second rotating shaft 71 drives the third rotating shaft 73 to rotate via the flexible shaft, and the third rotating shaft 73 drives the cam 72 to rotate. When the fixed frame 61 falls, the cam 72 will strike the bottom side of the fixed frame 61, thereby shaking off the material on the filter screen 62. This setting can increase the falling speed of the material, thereby reducing the amount of airflow entering the feed hopper 41.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] Please see Figure 10 As shown in the first embodiment, as another implementation of the present invention, a mesh cover 8 is fixedly connected to the top opening of the suction shell 51; during use, the mesh cover 8 can prevent mosquitoes and foreign objects from entering the suction shell 51.

[0036] Working principle: The liquid pipeline is fixedly connected to the inlet 34 and outlet 35. A motor is installed on the first housing 12, and gears are fixedly connected to the screw 14 and the motor output end. The two gears mesh with each other, thereby driving the screw 14 to rotate through the motor. The material is poured into the first housing 12 through the feed trough 15, and then transported to the second housing 13 by the screw 14. The high-temperature liquid enters the annular cavity 31 through the inlet 34, and then flows out through the outlet 35. The high-temperature liquid heats the second housing 13, thereby heating the material inside the second housing 13. The pin 36 can increase the contact area with the material, thereby improving the melting speed of the material. Afterwards, the material is transported to the regulating ring 21, and then driven by the screw 14... The shearing groove 22 and shearing rod 25 work together to shear the material, thereby expelling air from the raw material. The length of the shearing rod 25 can be adjusted by rotating the screw 24, thus adjusting the cross-sectional size of the shearing groove 22 to match the extrusion performance of the material. This eliminates the need to replace the screw 14 separately for different materials, resulting in high applicability and ease of factory production. It also improves the stability of the product cross-section. The exhaust gas is extracted by a vacuum device, and the material is extruded through the extrusion device and screw 14. When powdered material becomes damp, it will clump together. Since the length of the second shell 13 is fixed, the center of the clumped material cannot be fully plasticized. During use, the first motor... 42 operates by driving the first motor 42 to rotate the first crushing rod 43, which in turn drives the first gear 45 to rotate. The first gear 45, through the second gear 46, drives the second crushing rod 44 to rotate, thereby causing the first blade 47 and the second blade 48 to rotate. This process crushes agglomerated materials, resulting in more thorough plasticization. During the pouring and crushing process, powdery materials can disperse into the air at the top of the feed hopper 41, potentially harming the health of personnel. In operation, the second motor 55 operates, driving the first rotating shaft 56 to rotate. The first rotating shaft 56, in turn, drives the fan blades 57 to rotate, which in turn draws air from the top of the feed hopper 41. Air is drawn into the collection shell 52 and then discharged through the exhaust pipe 53. The air drawn in by the fan blades 57 is filtered by the filter screen 62, which is angled so that material accumulates at its lower end. When the material accumulates to a certain level, the first magnetic strip 63 and the second magnetic strip 64 separate, and the elastic rope 65 stretches. The material then rolls into the guide trough 66 under the influence of airflow and gravity, and subsequently enters the feed hopper 41, thus completing the material recovery and reducing waste. After the material is cleaned, the elastic rope 65 retracts, causing the fixing frame 61 to rotate and reset. The fixing frame 61 is then secured by the first magnetic strip 63 and the second magnetic strip 64.The windbreak cloth 67 at the bottom prevents airflow from entering the material guide trough 66 from the bottom of the filter screen 62, thus preventing the airflow from blowing away the material in the material guide trough 66. During operation, the first rotating shaft 56 drives the second pulley 75 to rotate, which in turn drives the first pulley 74 to rotate via a belt. Then, the second rotating shaft 71 drives the third rotating shaft 73 to rotate via a flexible shaft. The third rotating shaft 73 drives the cam 72 to rotate. When the fixed frame 61 falls, the cam 72 strikes the bottom side of the fixed frame 61, causing the material on the filter screen 62 to fall off. This design increases the falling speed of the material, thereby reducing the amount of airflow entering the feed hopper 41.

[0037] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0038] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum section flow adjustable plasticizing section pin venting extruder, characterized in that: The assembly includes a frame (11), a first housing (12), a second housing (13), a screw (14), an exhaust assembly, and a plasticizing assembly. The first housing (12) is mounted on top of the frame (11). A feed chute (15) is provided on the top of the first housing (12). The second housing (13) is fixed to the side of the first housing (12). The screw (14) is located inside the first housing (12) and the second housing (13). The end of the screw (14) is installed inside the first housing (12). The exhaust assembly is located on the side of the second housing (13) away from the first housing (12). The plasticizing assembly is located on the surface of the second housing (13). An air extraction device is installed on the side of the exhaust assembly away from the second housing (13). An extrusion device is installed on the side of the air extraction device. The exhaust assembly includes an adjusting ring (21); the adjusting ring (21) is fixed to the side of the second housing (13) away from the first housing (12); the screw (14) passes through the adjusting ring (21); a shearing groove (22) is provided on the inner wall of the adjusting ring (21); a set of first threaded grooves (23) is provided on the side of the shearing groove (22) away from the screw (14); the first threaded grooves (23) are arranged in a surrounding array on the side of the shearing groove (22); a screw (24) is threadedly connected to the first threaded groove (23); a shearing rod (25) is fixed to one end of the screw (24) located in the first threaded groove (23); the shearing rod (25) passes through the wall of the first threaded groove (23) near the shearing groove (22) and is slidably connected to it; A feed hopper (41) is fixedly connected to the top of the feed trough (15); a suction assembly is fixedly connected to the side of the feed hopper (41); the suction assembly includes a suction shell (51) and a collection unit, wherein: The suction shell (51) is fixed to the side of the feed hopper (41); a collection shell (52) is fixed to the bottom of the suction shell (51); the collection shell (52) is fixed to the feed hopper (41); a cavity is opened inside the collection shell (52); an exhaust pipe (53) is fixed to the bottom of the collection shell (52); a cover (54) is fixed to the side of the suction shell (51) away from the feed hopper (41); a second motor (55) is fixed to the inner wall of the top of the cover (54); a first rotating shaft (56) is fixed to the output end of the second motor (55); the first rotating shaft (56) passes through the side wall of the suction shell (51) and is rotatably connected to it; a fan blade (57) is fixed to one end of the first rotating shaft (56) inside the suction shell (51); the collection unit is located inside the collection shell (52); The collection unit includes a fixed frame (61); the fixed frame (61) is hinged to the inner wall of the collection shell (52) away from the feed hopper (41); the fixed frame (61) is inclined; a filter screen (62) is fixed to the top of the fixed frame (61); a first magnetic strip (63) is fixed to the top side of the fixed frame (61); a second magnetic strip (64) is fixed to the top side of the cavity at a position corresponding to the first magnetic strip (63); an elastic rope (65) is fixed between the top side of the fixed frame (61) and the side wall of the cavity; a guide groove (66) is opened at the bottom of the cavity near the feed hopper (41); a windproof cloth (67) is fixed to the bottom side of the fixed frame (61); the bottom of the windproof cloth (67) is fixed to the bottom side of the cavity; the windproof cloth (67) is located on the side of the fixed frame (61) near the feed hopper (41); in use, the filter screen (62) can... The air drawn in by the filter blades (57) is filtered by the filter screen (62) which is set at an angle. As a result, the material will accumulate at the lower part of the filter screen (62). When the material accumulates to a certain extent, the first magnetic strip (63) and the second magnetic strip (64) separate. Then the elastic rope (65) is stretched, and the material will roll into the guide trough (66) under the action of airflow and gravity. After that, it enters the feed hopper (41) through the guide trough (66), thus completing the recycling of the material and reducing the waste of the material. After the material is cleaned up, the elastic rope (65) retracts, thereby driving the fixed frame (61) to rotate and reset. The fixed frame (61) is fixed by the first magnetic strip (63) and the second magnetic strip (64). The windproof cloth (67) set at the bottom can prevent the airflow from entering the guide trough (66) from the bottom of the filter screen (62), thus preventing the airflow from blowing away the material in the guide trough (66). A motor is installed on the first housing (12), and gears are fixedly connected to the screw (14) and the output end of the motor. The two gears mesh with each other, thereby driving the screw (14) to rotate through the motor. The material is poured into the first housing (12) through the feed trough (15), and the material is transported to the second housing (13) by the screw (14). The material is melted by the plasticizing component, and then the material is transported to the adjusting ring (21). The screw (14) cooperates with the shearing groove (22) and the shearing rod (25) to shear the material, thereby expelling the air in the raw material. By rotating the screw (24), the length of the shearing rod (25) can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the cross-sectional size of the shearing groove (22), so that the cross-section of the shearing groove (22) matches the extrusion performance of the material, so that the screw (14) does not need to be replaced separately according to the material.

2. The vacuum section flow adjustable plasticizing section pin exhaust extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizing component includes a pin (36); a set of annular cavities (31) are formed on the surface of the second housing (13); a first sealing cover plate (32) and a set of second sealing cover plates (33) are bolted to the side of the annular cavity (31) away from the screw (14); an infusion hole (34) and an outlet hole (35) are formed on the first sealing cover plate (32); a set of second threaded grooves are formed on the side wall of the second housing (13); the pin (36) is threadedly connected in the second threaded groove; an annular groove (37) is formed on the surface of the screw (14) at the position corresponding to the pin (36); the end of the pin (36) is inserted into the annular groove (37).

3. The vacuum section flow adjustable plasticizing section pin exhaust extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first motor (42) is fixedly connected to the side wall at the bottom of the feed hopper (41); a first crushing rod (43) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (42); the end of the first crushing rod (43) passes through the side wall of the feed hopper (41) and is rotatably connected to it; a first gear (45) is fixedly connected to the end of the first crushing rod (43) away from the first motor (42); a second crushing rod (44) is provided on the side of the first crushing rod (43); both ends of the second crushing rod (44) pass through the side wall of the feed hopper (41) and are rotatably connected to it; a second gear (46) is fixedly connected to the end of the second crushing rod (44) away from the first motor (42); the first gear (45) and the second gear (46) mesh with each other; a first blade (47) and a second blade (48) are fixedly connected to the first crushing rod (43) and the second crushing rod (44), respectively.

4. The vacuum section flow adjustable plasticizing section pin exhaust extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second rotating shaft (71) is rotatably connected to the inner wall at the bottom of the cavity; a cam (72) is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft (71); a third rotating shaft (73) is provided on the side of the cavity away from the feed hopper (41); the third rotating shaft (73) passes through the side wall of the cavity and is rotatably connected to it; a flexible shaft is fixedly connected between the second rotating shaft (71) and the third rotating shaft (73); a first pulley (74) is fixedly connected to one end of the third rotating shaft (73) outside the cavity; a second pulley (75) is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft (56); belts are fitted on the first pulley (74) and the second pulley (75).

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