Adapter for selecting light functions on truck trailers

Abstract

An adapter for use with a component of a truck trailer. The adapter may include: a plurality of input terminals corresponding to a plurality of terminals of a trailer component receptacle of the trailer; and a plurality of output terminals configured to electrically connect to the corresponding input terminals of the trailer component. The adapter may also include an adapter circuit configured to electrically connect at least four of the input terminals to at least four of the plurality of output terminals. The plurality of output terminals may include at least two mode selection output terminals configured to provide a mode selection to the trailer component, and the trailer component may optionally include control logic configured to enable and disable the trailer component based on the mode selection.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 772,840, filed on November 29, 2018, which is incorporated herein by reference. Background Art

[0003] Cabling systems for truck trailers are limited because each functional aspect of the wiring system in the trailer requires its own separate power line that directly connects the lights or other trailer components that perform that function to the corresponding circuits in the towing vehicle. As a result, the purpose of each wire in a conventional wiring system is often limited to what it can be used for because it is often electrically connected to deliver power only to a specific component of the trailer, such as a specific brake light or turn signal.

[0004] Recently, trailer wiring has been increasingly required to support more complex functions and / or additional electronic devices, such as sensors for monitoring the status of the load and trailer, cameras for additional visibility, additional exterior or interior lighting, or other electronic devices. However, due to the limited number of electrical connections between the trailer and the towing vehicle, and the fact that each connection may be dedicated to a single function, conventional trailer wiring systems cannot easily accommodate the increasing number of electronic devices used in trailers without upgrading the wiring.

[0005] However, in cases where trailers have begun to introduce new wiring systems, these upgrades may require different pigtail connectors at different locations on the trailer, and / or different non-standard circuits within each trailer component at various locations on the trailer in order to properly enable the upgraded functions. This may require the manufacture of multiple similar lights for each location and function, thereby increasing cost and complexity to support the upgraded functions. Summary of the invention

[0006] Disclosed herein is an adapter for use with a component of a trailer. In one aspect, the adapter includes: a plurality of input terminals corresponding to a plurality of terminals of a trailer component receptacle of the trailer; and a plurality of output terminals configured to electrically connect to the corresponding input terminals of the trailer component. The adapter may also include an adapter circuit configured to electrically connect at least four of the input terminals to at least four of the plurality of output terminals. In another aspect, the plurality of output terminals may include at least two mode selection output terminals configured to provide a mode selection to the trailer component; and the trailer component may optionally include control logic configured to enable and disable the trailer component based on the mode selection.

[0007] On the other hand, the plurality of input terminals may include: a power input terminal configured to be electrically connected to a power circuit of the trailer; a ground input terminal configured to be electrically connected to a ground circuit of the trailer; and at least one control input configured to be electrically connected to at least one control cable of the trailer.

[0008] In another aspect, the plurality of output terminals optionally include: a power output terminal configured to electrically connect a power terminal of a trailer component mounted to the trailer to the power input terminal; a ground connection terminal configured to electrically connect a ground terminal of the trailer component to the ground input terminal; and at least one control output configured to electrically connect to the at least one control input of the trailer component. In another aspect, the at least two mode selection output terminals may be configured to electrically connect to corresponding mode selection input terminals of the trailer component.

[0009] In another aspect, the adapter circuit can be configured to electrically connect the power input terminal to the power output terminal, the ground input terminal to the ground output terminal, and the at least one control input to the at least one control output. The adapter circuit can optionally be configured to provide a mode selection to the trailer component using the at least one mode selection output terminal.

[0010] In another aspect, the at least two mode selection output terminals are electrically connected to at least two on-off switches, and the on-off switches are optionally configured to provide mode selection by selectively connecting each of the at least two mode selection output terminals to the power input terminal or the ground input terminal.

[0011] In another aspect, the adapter optionally includes: a housing, at least two on-off switches extending outside the housing. In another aspect, the adapter circuit optionally includes a mode selection circuit that electrically connects each of the at least one mode selection output terminal to the power input terminal or the ground input terminal. In another aspect, the housing may include or consist of a polymeric material.

[0012] In another aspect, the adapter optionally includes: a wireless receiver configured to receive the mode selection from a remote computing device; and a memory configured to store the mode selection. The adapter may also include: a programming input terminal optionally configured to accept the mode selection as input provided using a programming cable coupled to the remote computing device; and an optional memory configured to store the mode selection.

[0013] In another aspect, the trailer component control logic optionally includes a slave control circuit electrically connected to the power output terminal, the ground connection terminal, and the at least one control output. The slave control circuit can also be configured to receive a control command sent by the master control circuit, such that the slave control circuit is configured to enable the trailer component when the master control circuit sends a control command that matches the mode selection provided by the adapter circuit.

[0014] In another aspect, the trailer component is a light and the mode selection is a braking mode. In another aspect, the trailer component is a rear-facing camera and the mode selection is a reverse mode.

[0015] In another aspect, the power input terminal, the ground input terminal, and the control output can be electrically connected to a main control circuit mounted in a trailer nosebox of the trailer. The main control circuit is optionally configured to accept control inputs from a truck tractor, and the main control circuit is optionally configured to generate component control commands specific to the trailer component and deliver the component control commands to the trailer component using at least one communication cable connection that can be electrically connected to the at least one control output.

[0016] In another aspect, the at least one control cable of the trailer optionally includes first and second control cables. The first and second control cables may be electrically connected to a master control area network (CAN) controller. The trailer component may include a slave CAN controller electrically connected to the first and second control cables, and the master CAN controller and the slave CAN controller may communicate using a CAN protocol.

[0017] In another aspect, the at least one control cable of the trailer includes a single control cable that is optionally electrically connected to a master local interconnect network (LIN) controller. The trailer component may include a slave LIN controller electrically connected to the single control cable, and the master LIN controller and the slave LIN controller optionally communicate using a LIN protocol.

[0018] On the other hand, the trailer component can be a vehicle parking tail turn signal, a vehicle turn signal, a vehicle brake light, a vehicle tail light, a vehicle running light, a vehicle anti-lock brake, a vehicle interior light, a vehicle reverse light, an anti-lock brake system controller, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a door sensor, a cargo sensor, a cargo length sensor, a liquid level sensor or a refrigeration sensor.

[0019] Other forms, objects, features, aspects, benefits, advantages and examples of the disclosed concepts will become apparent from the detailed description and drawings provided herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a component diagram illustrating one embodiment of an adapter assembly.

[0021] Figure 2 It is shown as Figure 1 Component diagrams of other aspects of the adapter assembly are shown in .

[0022] Figure 3 It is shown as Figure 1 A component diagram of another embodiment of an adapter assembly is shown in FIG.

[0023] Figure 4 is a component diagram showing another example of an adapter assembly such as those shown in the previous figures, having a manual mode selector.

[0024] Figure 5 is a component diagram showing another embodiment of an adapter assembly such as those shown in the previous figures, having a manual mode selector and a programming interface.

[0025] Figure 6 is a component diagram showing one example of an adapter circuit for an adapter assembly such as those shown in the previous figures.

[0026] Figure 7 is a component diagram showing another example of an adapter circuit for an adapter assembly such as those shown in the previous figures.

[0027] Figure 8 is a component diagram showing another example of an adapter circuit for an adapter assembly such as those shown in the previous figures.

[0028] Fig. 9 is a component diagram showing another example of an adapter circuit for an adapter assembly such as those shown in the previous figures.

[0029] Fig.10 is a component diagram showing another example of an adapter circuit for an adapter assembly such as those shown in the previous figures.

[0030] Fig.11 is a component diagram showing another example of an adapter assembly such as those shown in the previous figures.

[0031] Fig.12 is a component diagram showing another example of an adapter assembly such as those shown in the previous figures.

[0032] Fig.13 is a component diagram showing another example of an adapter assembly such as those shown in the previous figures, which uses a control area network (CAN).

[0033] Fig.14 is a component diagram showing another example of an adapter assembly such as those shown in the previous figures, which uses a Local Interconnect Network (LIN).

[0034] Fig.15 is a component diagram showing an example of trailer components that may be used to mate with the adapter assembly of the previous figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Figure 1 Components that may be included in an adapter assembly 100 for mounting a trailer component to a trailer 160 are shown. Figure 1 In the example of the embodiment, the adapter assembly 100 includes a trailer component socket 105 coupled to an adapter 110, and the adapter 110 is located between the trailer component socket 105 and the trailer component 115. In this example, the adapter 110 includes a plurality of adapter input terminals 120, which correspond to a plurality of trailer socket terminals 125 of the trailer component socket of the trailer 160. The adapter 110 also includes a plurality of adapter output terminals 130, which are configured to be electrically connected to corresponding trailer component input terminals 135 of the trailer component 115.

[0036] Any suitable coupling mechanism is contemplated for coupling the trailer component receptacle 105 with the trailer component 115, such that the trailer receptacle terminals 125 are electrically connected to the trailer component input terminals 135. When the adapter 110 is not present, the trailer component 115 may be configured and arranged to couple with the trailer component receptacle 105, preferably such that the trailer receptacle terminals 125 are electrically connected to the corresponding trailer component input terminals 135 of the trailer component 115. For example, at least a portion of the trailer component 115 may be arranged and configured to be pluggable into the trailer component receptacle 105. In another example, at least a portion of the trailer component receptacle 105 may be pluggable into the trailer component 115. In another example, a portion of the trailer component receptacle 105 may be pluggable into the trailer component 115, and a portion of the trailer component 115 may also be pluggable into the trailer component receptacle 105. In another example, the trailer component receptacle 105 and the trailer component 115 can be configured to be electrically connected so that no portion of the trailer component receptacle 105 can be inserted into the trailer component 115 and / or no portion of the trailer component 115 can be inserted into the trailer component receptacle 105. In this regard, the trailer component 115 can be coupled to the trailer component receptacle 105 by other means (e.g., by retaining clips, fasteners, adhesives, or any other suitable means). In another example, the trailer component receptacle 105, the adapter 110, and / or the trailer component 115 can be coupled to the trailer 160.

[0037] With this in mind, the adapter 110 may be positioned between the trailer component receptacle 105 and the trailer component 115 such that the adapter input terminals 120 of the adapter 110 are preferably electrically connected to the trailer receptacle terminals 125, and the adapter output terminals 130 of the adapter 110 are electrically connected to the trailer component input terminals 135 of the trailer component 115. Thus, in another aspect, the electrical connection from the trailer component receptacle 105 passes through the adapter 110 to the trailer component 115 without regard to any physical retention aspects of the trailer component receptacle 105, the adapter 110, or the trailer component 115. Any suitable mechanical connection combination between the trailer component receptacle 105, the adapter 110, and the trailer component 115 is contemplated that is arranged and configured to maintain the electrical connection disclosed in further detail below.

[0038] The adapter 110 optionally includes an adapter circuit 155 configured to electrically connect at least four of the adapter input terminals 120 with at least four of the adapter output terminals 130. In another aspect, the adapter output terminals 130 include at least two adapter mode selection terminals 140 configured to provide a mode selection to the trailer component by, for example, electrically connecting the adapter mode selection terminals 140 to a corresponding set of component mode selection terminals 145. The trailer component 115 may also optionally include a component control logic 150 configured to enable and disable the trailer component 115 based on the mode selection provided via the adapter mode selection terminals 140 electrically connected to at least a portion of the component mode selection terminals 145.

[0039] Figure 2 It shows that Figure 1 Various aspects of the adapter assembly 200 of the adapter assembly shown in FIG. Figure 1 , the adapter 201 includes: adapter input terminals 120, two of which are optionally power input terminals 205, which are configured to be electrically connected to the trailer power circuit 245; and ground terminals 210, which are configured to be electrically connected to the trailer ground circuit 250. These connections can be provided via the trailer component socket 202.

[0040] In another aspect, the trailer component receptacle 202 includes the trailer receptacle terminals 125, one of which is a receptacle power output 225 and the other of which is a receptacle ground 230. The receptacle power output 225 can be electrically connected to a trailer power circuit 245, and the receptacle ground 230 can be electrically connected to a trailer ground circuit 250. The receptacle control output 235 of the trailer component receptacle 202 can be electrically connected to a trailer control cable 255 through the trailer component receptacle 202, and the optional second receptacle control output 240 of the trailer component receptacle 202 can be electrically connected to an optional second trailer control cable 260 through the trailer component receptacle 202. Thus, the trailer component receptacle 202 is adapted to provide an electrical connection between the power input terminal 205 and the trailer power circuit 245 via respective terminal connections between the power input terminal 205 and the receptacle power output 225.

[0041] Similarly, the trailer component receptacle 202 is adapted to provide an electrical connection between the ground terminal 210 and the trailer ground circuit 250 via a corresponding terminal connection between the receptacle ground 230 and the ground terminal 210. The trailer component receptacle 202 may also be adapted to provide an electrical connection between the control input 215 and the trailer control cable 255 via a corresponding terminal connection between the receptacle control output 235 and the ground terminal control input 215. In another aspect, the trailer component receptacle 202 may also be adapted to provide an electrical connection between the optional second receptacle control output 240 and the optional second control input 220 and the optional second trailer control cable 260 via a corresponding terminal connection between the optional second receptacle control output 240 and the optional second control input 220.

[0042] Figure 3 is another example of an adapter assembly 300 that illustrates an adapter assembly as shown in the previous figures. In this example, an adapter 301 is shown with an adapter output terminal 130 that includes a power output terminal 305 that is configured to electrically connect a component power terminal 315 of a trailer component 115 to a power input terminal 205. In addition, the adapter 301 optionally includes a ground output terminal 310 that is configured to electrically connect a component ground terminal 320 to a ground terminal 210. The adapter output terminal 130 may include at least one adapter control output 335 that is configured to electrically connect to a component control input 345 of the trailer component 115.

[0043] In another aspect, the adapter 301 may include circuitry configured to electrically connect the power input terminal 205 to the power output terminal 305, the ground terminal 210 to the ground output terminal 310, and the control input 215 to the adapter control output 335. Additional one or more control lines may be included in the wiring of the trailer 160, so the adapter 301 may also include circuitry configured to electrically connect the optional second control input 220 to the optional second control output 340. In another aspect, the adapter 301 may optionally include the adapter circuitry 155, which may also include a mode selector 330 configured to provide a mode selection to the trailer component 115 using the adapter mode selection terminal 140.

[0044] The mode selection may be transmitted from the mode selector 330 to the component control logic 150 via the adapter mode selection terminal 140 electrically connected to the component mode selection terminal 145. The mode selection may be transmitted as a mode identifier, for example, via a digital or analog signal presented on the adapter mode selection terminal 140 and accepted by the component mode selection terminal 145. For example, the mode identifier may be encoded as a pattern of bits, wherein each of the adapter mode selection terminal 140 and the component mode selection terminal 145 represents a bit in the pattern such that the pattern represents a number. In this manner, the adapter mode selection terminal 140 and the component mode selection terminal 145 may be viewed as being connected to a data bus configured to transmit the mode identifier provided by the mode selector 330 to the component control logic 150.

[0045] In another aspect, the adapter circuit 155 may include a mode selector 330 operating as a mode selection circuit configured to electrically connect each adapter mode selection terminal 140 to the power input terminal 205 or the ground terminal 210. In this way, the adapter mode selection terminals 140 may provide a mode selection input, wherein each adapter mode selection terminal 140 represents a single bit in a binary digital pattern (representing a mode identifier). The mode identifier may then be accepted as an input to the trailer component 115, specifying one or more operating modes in which the trailer component 115 is enabled, disabled, or otherwise responsive.

[0046] Figure 4Another example of an adapter assembly such as those shown in the previous figures is shown. The adapter 401 includes a mode selector 405, which is electrically connected to at least two adapter mode selection terminals 140. In this example, the mode selector 405 includes at least two two-position switches 410, which are configured to provide mode selection by selectively connecting each of the at least two adapter mode selection terminals 140 to the power input terminal 205 or the ground terminal 210. In this way, each two-position switch operates to provide a mode selection input to each adapter mode selection terminal 140 to define a binary digital pattern representing a mode identifier. The mode identifier can then be accepted as an input to the trailer component 115, specifying one or more operating modes in which the trailer component 115 is enabled, disabled, or otherwise responded. Any suitable number of switches can be included, such as two or more, four or more, 16 or more, and the like.

[0047] For example, the adapter mode selection terminal 140 may include four separate inputs corresponding to four separate two-position switches 410. The two-position switches 410 may be configured such that the first and last switches are on and the remaining switches are off. This arrangement presents a binary pattern 1001 that may be understood as "left turn operating mode." Thus, the trailer component 115 may be enabled when it receives other inputs specifying that the system is now in "left turn mode" (e.g., when a driver actuates a turn signal control while operating a vehicle towing a trailer 160).

[0048] Figure 5 Another example of an adapter assembly as shown in the previous figures is shown, which has an external manual mode selector and a programming interface. In this example, the adapter assembly 500 includes an adapter 501, which has a housing 510. The housing 510 can optionally include or be formed of a polymer material and / or a metal material. In this example, a mode selector 505 includes a set of switches that extend through the housing 510 so that the person adjusting the mode selector can access it. In another aspect, the switch of the mode selector 505 can be a two-position switch, such as in the case of a set of dual in-line package (DIP) switches.

[0049] As with the mode selectors previously implemented using switches, any suitable number of switches may be included, such as two or more, four or more, 16 or more, etc. In other instances, the mode selector need not pass through the housing, such as where a set of switches are contained within the housing mode selector 505, or in another instance, where the mode selector is stored as a binary pattern defining a number. In another aspect, the mode selector may be stored in a memory 530 within the adapter 501. As shown at 500, the mode selector 505 may extend through the housing to allow access to the mode selector without disassembling the adapter 501.

[0050] In another aspect, the adapter 501 can optionally include a programming interface 515. The programming interface 515 can include a programming input terminal 535, which optionally passes through the housing 510. Examples of such input terminals include, but are not limited to, any suitable type of universal serial bus (USB) terminal, etc. In another aspect, the programming interface 515 can be configured to use a communication link 520 coupled to a remote computing device 525 to accept a mode selection as an input provided to the adapter 501. The communication link 520 can be implemented as a wired connection to the programming interface 515, such as in the case of a USB cable.

[0051] In another example, the communication link 520 can be implemented as a Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or other suitable wireless link. In this example, the adapter 501 can include one or more antennas, transceivers, processors, and other control logic for maintaining the communication link 520 with the remote computing device 525, and / or for obtaining one or more mode selections of the adapter 501 provided by the remote computing device 525. In any case, the communication link 520 facilitates the transmission of the mode selection from the remote computing device 525 to the adapter 501. The adapter 501 can optionally include a memory 530 configured to store the mode selection provided via the programming interface 515 or the mode selector 505, or both.

[0052] Figures 6 to 10 Different examples of adapter circuits for use in adapter assemblies such as those shown in the previous figures are shown. In these examples, the adapter circuit is configured with a mode selector implemented by electrically connecting each of the one or more mode selection output terminals to a power input terminal or a ground input terminal. Thus, each of the adapter mode selection terminals 140 is operative to provide a mode selection input defining a mode representing a mode identifier.

[0053] The mode identifier may then be accepted as input to the trailer component 115, specifying one or more operating modes in which the trailer component 115 is enabled, disabled, or otherwise responsive. Figures 6 to 10 Four adapter mode selection terminals 140 are shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1 , but any suitable number of terminals may be included, such as two or more, four or more, 16 or more, etc.

[0054] exist Figures 6 to 10 , the adapter circuit includes a power output terminal 305, a ground output terminal 310, an adapter control output 335, and an optional second control output 340. The adapter mode selection terminal 140 includes adapter mode selection terminals 605, 610, 615, and 620, which can be configured to be electrically connected to the power output terminal 305 or the ground output terminal 310. For example, the adapter mode selection terminal 605 can be electrically connected to the power output terminal 305 via a circuit (e.g., a wire or path on a printed circuit board (PCB)).

[0055] exist Figure 6 , an adapter circuit 600 is shown that does not implement any mode selection. This "null" or "invalid" mode selection is implemented by not connecting any adapter mode selection terminal 140 to ground or power, and can be used as a "maintenance mode", or for any other purpose.

[0056] exist Figure 7 , an adapter circuit 700 is shown that implements a particular mode selection, for example, where the adapter circuit 700 is used with a trailer component that includes a light, and the mode selection is a "brake" mode. A power path 702 electrically connects the power output terminal 305 with the adapter mode selection terminals 605 and 620, and a ground path 705 electrically connects the ground output terminal 310 with the adapter mode selection terminals 610 and 615. In this way, the adapter circuit 700 provides a mode identifier "1001" to the trailer component, which identifier can mean, for example, that the component should operate in the "brake" mode, or in some other mode (such as in the "reverse" mode, or in the "turn signal" mode, or in some other mode with an identifier of "1001"). In another aspect, the adapter circuit 700 can include a PCB that is arranged and configured with the power path 702 on one side and the ground path 705 on a second side, thereby allowing them to intersect without causing an electrical short.

[0057] exist Figure 8, an adapter circuit 800 is shown, which shows another example of a circuit implementing a particular mode selection, for example, a power path 802 electrically connects the power output terminal 305 with the adapter mode selection terminal 605, and a ground path 805 electrically connects the ground output terminal 310 with the adapter mode selection terminals 610, 615, and 620. Thus, the adapter circuit 800 provides a mode identifier "1000" to the trailer component, which identifier can mean, for example, that the component used with the adapter circuit 800 should operate in a "reverse" mode, or in some other mode with an identifier of "1000". In another aspect, the adapter circuit 800 can include a PCB arranged and configured to have both the power path 802 and the ground path 805 on one side of the board.

[0058] exist Fig. 9 , an adapter circuit 900 is shown, which shows another example of a circuit for implementing a particular mode selection, for example, where the adapter circuit 900 is used with a trailer component that includes a temperature sensor, and the mode selection is an "always on" mode. The power path 902 electrically connects the power output terminal 305 with the adapter mode selection terminals 605, 610, 615, and 620. Thus, the adapter circuit 900 provides a mode identifier "1111" to the trailer component, which can mean, for example, that the component should always remain enabled.

[0059] exist Fig.10 , an adapter circuit 1000 is shown, which shows another example of a circuit implementing a particular mode selection, for example, where the adapter circuit 1000 is used with a trailer component that includes a proximity sensor, and the mode selection is an "always on when moving" mode. A power path 1002 electrically connects the power output terminal 305 with the adapter mode selection terminals 605, 610, and 615, while a ground path 1005 electrically connects the adapter mode selection terminal 620 with the ground output terminal 310. Thus, the adapter circuit 1000 provides a mode identifier "1110" to the trailer component, which can mean, for example, that the component should always remain enabled when the truck is in a ready state, or perhaps when the trailer is moving, or both.

[0060] Fig.11Another example of an adapter assembly having a remotely programmable electronic mode selector similar to those shown in the previous figures is illustrated. In this example, the adapter assembly 1100 includes: an adapter 1101 having a communication interface 1105 for communicating with a remote computing device 525 via a communication link 520 to receive a mode identifier; and a memory 1110 for storing the mode identifier. The mode selector 1115 operates to present the mode identifier to the trailer component 115 coupled to the adapter 1101 using the adapter mode selection terminal 140.

[0061] As with previous mode selectors implemented using switches, circuits, etc., any suitable number of adapter mode selection terminals 140 may be provided by the mode selector 1115. In this example, the adapter mode selection terminals 140 may be considered to be a mode selection bus having a plurality (e.g., two or more, four or more, 16 or more, etc.) of adapter mode selection terminals 140.

[0062] In another aspect, the communication link 520 can be implemented using any suitable wired or wireless technology (e.g., via a USB cable, or via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or other suitable wireless link). In this example, the communication interface 1105 can include one or more antennas, receivers, transmitters, processors, and other control logic for maintaining the communication link 520 with the remote computing device 525, and / or for obtaining one or more mode identifiers provided by the remote computing device 525.

[0063] Fig.12 is another example of an adapter assembly such as those shown in the previous figures. Fig.12 1, the adapter 1201 is used with a trailer component 1270 that is coupled to a trailer wiring system that includes the adapter 1201 coupled to the trailer component receptacle 105. In this example, the trailer component 1270 includes a slave control circuit 1235 that is configured to respond to a plurality of control commands 1225 sent by a master control circuit 1215 mounted in a nose box 1220 of the trailer 160.

[0064] The slave control circuit 1235 is electrically connected to the adapter output terminal 130 via the trailer component input terminal 135. The adapter output terminal 130 includes a power output terminal 305 and a ground output terminal 310 electrically connected to the trailer component input terminal 135. The slave control circuit 1235 is also electrically connected to the control terminal 355, which includes: at least one adapter control output 335; and an optional second control output 340. The control terminal 355 is electrically connected to the master control circuit 1215 through the trailer wiring 1230 and the trailer socket terminal 125. The master control circuit 1215 is configured to generate and send a plurality of control commands 1225, which optionally include an address 1245 and / or a mode 1260. Therefore, the slave control circuit 1235 is arranged and configured to receive the control command 1225 sent by the master control circuit 1215 and respond based on at least the mode identifier presented by the adapter mode selection terminal 140.

[0065] In another aspect, the slave control circuit 1235 is optionally configured to enable various aspects of the trailer component 1270 when the master control circuit 1215 sends a control command 1225 having an address 1245 that matches the address 1240 stored in the slave control circuit 1235. In another aspect, the slave control circuit 1235 is optionally configured to enable various aspects of the trailer component 1270 when 1215 sends a control command 1225 having a mode 1260 that matches the mode identifier presented by the component mode select terminal 145 and an address 1245 that matches the address 1240 stored in the slave control circuit 1235.

[0066] In another aspect, the adapter input terminals 120 of the adapter 1201 include: power input terminals such as power input terminals 205; ground input terminals such as ground terminals 210; and at least one control cable such as control input 215 and optional second control input 220. The outputs on the corresponding output terminals 1265 can be provided by the main control circuit 1215 based on the inputs from the truck terminals 1250. In this example, the truck terminals 1250 can be electrically connected to the nose box terminals 1205 of the nose box 1220, such as by means of one or more cables, or optionally without the use of cables. The nose box terminals 1205 can be electrically connected to the main control circuit 1215 installed in the nose box 1220 of the trailer 160. The electrical connection with the output terminals 1265 of the nose box 1220 can be maintained by the trailer wiring 1230, which is electrically connected to the adapter input terminals 120 of the adapter 1201. Thus, the main control circuit 1215 is optionally configured to accept control inputs 1255 from the truck 1275 and to generate control commands 1225 specific to the trailer component 1270, optionally using at least one communication cable connection such as the control input 215 and / or the optional second control input 220, which control input and / or the optional second control input 220 are electrically connected to control outputs of the adapter 1201 such as the adapter control output 335 and the optional second control output 340.

[0067] Fig.13 is a component diagram showing another embodiment of an adapter assembly 1300 using an adapter 1345 and a trailer component 1350 as shown in the previous figures, the adapter assembly using a control local area network (CAN) to communicate between a master control circuit 1310 and a slave control circuit 1335.

[0068] In this example, trailer wiring like trailer wiring 1230 includes a first CAN high communication cable 1315 and a second CAN low communication cable 1320 electrically connected to a CAN master controller 1305. The CAN master controller 1305 may be included as part of a master control circuit 1310 that may optionally be mounted in a trailer nose box like nose box 1220. The trailer component 1350 optionally includes a slave CAN controller 1355 electrically connected to the CAN high communication cable 1315 via a component control input 345, an adapter control output 335, a control input 215, a socket control output 235, and a trailer control cable 255 all electrically connected together. The electrical connection of the slave CAN controller 1355 to the CAN low communication cable 1320 is made through an optional additional control input 350, an optional second socket control output 240, an optional second control input 220, an optional second socket control output 240, and an optional second trailer control cable 260 all electrically connected together. In this way, the master control circuit 1310 can communicate with the slave CAN controller 1355, and the CAN protocol 1325 is used to transfer instructions, codes, data, commands, etc. between the master control circuit 1310 and the slave control circuit 1335.

[0069] Fig.14 is a component diagram showing another example of an adapter assembly 1400 using an adapter 1445 and a trailer component 1460 as those shown in the previous figures, the adapter assembly communicating with a main control circuit 1410 using a local interconnect network (LIN).

[0070] In this example, trailer wiring, like trailer wiring 1230, includes a LIN communication cable 1415 that is electrically connected to a LIN master controller 1405. The LIN master controller 1405 can be included as part of a master control circuit 1410 that is optionally mounted in a nose box of the trailer, like nose box 1220. The trailer component 1460 optionally includes a LIN slave controller 1455 that is electrically connected to the LIN communication cable 1415 via a component control input 345, an adapter control output 335, a control input 215, a socket control output 235, and a trailer control cable 255 that are all electrically connected together. In this way, the master control circuit 1410 can communicate with the LIN slave controller 1455, passing instructions, codes, data, commands, etc. using the LIN protocol 1425.

[0071] Fig.15 An example of a trailer component 115 that may be electrically connected to an adapter assembly and cable system such as those discussed elsewhere herein is shown in FIG. Fig.15The trailer components 115 shown at 1500 are merely examples of components that may be included in the trailer 160 and should not be construed as an exhaustive list or otherwise limiting the types of components contemplated. Other components may be included, while some of the components listed here may be excluded, depending on the type of trailer and other factors.

[0072] The trailer components 1500 may include light(s) 1502, a braking system 1507, sensors 1505, a camera 1509, and / or a cooling system 1512. For example, the light(s) 1502 may include, but are not limited to, running lights 1513, interior lights 1515 for illuminating the interior of the trailer, side marker / position / identification lights 1516 for marking the end of the trailer, backup lights 1517 for illuminating the area behind the trailer, license plate light(s) 1519 for illuminating license plates and other identification marks mounted on the trailer, stop lights 1521 that may illuminate when the vehicle is actively braking, tail lights 1523, left turn lights 1527 and right turn lights 1525, and stop-tail-turn lights 1528.

[0073] Sensors 1505 may include any of: temperature sensors 1529 for sensing the temperature within and / or around 111, door sensors 1531 configured to optionally sense when a trailer door is open or closed, cargo sensors 1533 configured to optionally sense the weight, location, and / or other properties of cargo within or on 111; humidity sensors 1535 for optionally sensing absolute or relative humidity within and / or around trailer 103, tank level sensors 1537 for optionally sensing the height of a fluid (liquid or gas) carried by 111, proximity sensors 1539 for optionally sensing the proximity of 111 relative to nearby objects, and / or tire pressure sensors 1541 for optionally sensing the pressure level of 111's tires.

[0074] The brake system 1507 optionally includes: an anti-lock brake (ABS) controller 1543 for controlling the ABS brake system; 1545, which is optionally used to indicate the status or failure of the brake system 1507; and / or a pressure sensor 1547, which is optionally included to sense hydraulic or air pressure changes in the brake system 1507. Other optional trailer components include: cameras 1509, such as one or more backup cameras 1555, which are used to optionally capture views of the surrounding area directly behind 111; and one or more side cameras 1557, which are used to optionally capture views of the areas adjacent to the sides of 111.

[0075] Components of the refrigeration system 1512 may include: a temperature sensor 1549 for determining the temperature within the refrigerated cargo area of ​​the trailer; a controller 1551 configured to control a refrigeration cycle in the refrigeration system; and a refrigerant level 1553 for determining the refrigerant level in the refrigeration system 1512.

[0076] Other examples of the disclosed concepts include the following numbered examples:

[0077] Example 1:

[0078] An adapter for use with a component of a trailer, comprising:

[0079] a plurality of input terminals corresponding to a plurality of terminals of a trailer component socket of the trailer;

[0080] a plurality of output terminals configured to be electrically connected to corresponding input terminals of the trailer components; and

[0081] an adapter circuit configured to electrically connect the at least four input terminals with at least four of the plurality of output terminals,

[0082] wherein the plurality of output terminals include at least two mode selection output terminals configured to provide a mode selection to the trailer component; and

[0083] Wherein the trailer component includes control logic configured to enable and disable the trailer component based on the mode selection.

[0084] Example 2:

[0085] The adapter of embodiment 1, wherein the plurality of input terminals include:

[0086] a power input terminal configured to be electrically connected to a power circuit of the trailer;

[0087] a ground input terminal configured to be electrically connected to a ground circuit of the trailer; and

[0088] At least one control input is configured to be electrically connected to at least one control cable of the trailer.

[0089] Example 3:

[0090] The adapter of any of the preceding examples, wherein the plurality of output terminals comprises:

[0091] a power output terminal configured to electrically connect a power terminal of a trailer component mounted to the trailer to the power input terminal;

[0092] a ground connection terminal configured to electrically connect a ground terminal of a trailer component to the ground input terminal;

[0093] at least one control output configured to be electrically connected to the at least one control input of the trailer component, and

[0094] The at least two mode selection output terminals are configured to be electrically connected to corresponding at least two mode selection input terminals of the trailer component.

[0095] Example 4:

[0096] An adapter of any of the foregoing examples, wherein the adapter circuit is configured to electrically connect the power input terminal to the power output terminal, electrically connect the ground input terminal to the ground output terminal, and electrically connect the at least one control input to the at least one control output, and wherein the adapter circuit is configured to provide a mode selection to the trailer component using the at least one mode selection output terminal.

[0097] Example 5:

[0098] An adapter of any of the preceding examples, comprising:

[0099] at least two mode selection output terminals electrically connected to at least two two-position switches;

[0100] The two-position switch is configured to provide mode selection by selectively connecting each of the at least two mode selection output terminals to a power input terminal or a ground input terminal.

[0101] Example 6:

[0102] An adapter of any of the preceding examples, comprising:

[0103] A housing, wherein the at least two on-off switches extend outside the housing.

[0104] Example 7:

[0105] The adapter of any of the preceding examples, wherein the adapter circuit includes a mode selection circuit that electrically connects each of the at least one mode selection output terminal to a power input terminal or a ground input terminal.

[0106] Example 8:

[0107] An adapter of any of the preceding examples, comprising:

[0108] a wireless receiver configured to receive a mode selection from a remote computing device; and

[0109] A memory is configured to store the mode selection.

[0110] Example 9:

[0111] An adapter of any of the preceding examples, comprising:

[0112] a programming input terminal configured to accept a mode selection as an input provided using a programming cable coupled to a remote computing device; and

[0113] A memory configured to store a mode selection.

[0114] Example 10: The adapter of Example 4, wherein the trailer component control logic includes:

[0115] a slave control circuit electrically connected to the power output terminal, the ground connection terminal and the at least one control output, and wherein the slave control circuit is configured to receive a control command sent by the master control circuit;

[0116] Wherein the slave control circuit is configured to enable the trailer component when the master control circuit sends a control command matching the mode selection provided by the adapter circuit.

[0117] Example 11:

[0118] The adapter of any preceding example, wherein the trailer component is a light, and wherein the mode selection is a braking mode.

[0119] Example 12:

[0120] The adapter of any of the preceding examples, wherein the trailer component is a rear-facing camera, and wherein the mode selection is a reverse mode.

[0121] Example 13:

[0122] An adapter of any of the foregoing examples, wherein the power input terminals, the ground input terminals, and the at least one control output are electrically connected to a main control circuit mounted in a trailer nose box of the trailer, wherein the main control circuit is configured to accept control inputs from a truck tractor, and wherein the main control circuit is configured to generate component control commands specific to the trailer component and deliver the component control commands to the trailer component using at least one communication cable connection electrically connected to the at least one control output.

[0123] Example 14:

[0124] an adapter of any of the preceding examples,

[0125] wherein the at least one control cable of the trailer includes first and second control cables;

[0126] wherein the first and second control cables are electrically connected to a main control area network (CAN) controller;

[0127] wherein the trailer component includes a slave CAN controller electrically connected to the first and second control cables; and

[0128] Among them, the master CAN controller and the slave CAN controller communicate using the CAN protocol.

[0129] Example 15:

[0130] Adapter for any of the preceding instances:

[0131] wherein the at least one control cable of the trailer comprises a single control cable;

[0132] wherein the single control cable is electrically connected to a main local interconnect network (LIN) controller;

[0133] wherein the trailer component includes a slave LIN controller electrically connected to a single control cable; and

[0134] Among them, the master LIN controller and the slave LIN controller communicate using the LIN protocol.

[0135] Example 16:

[0136] The adapter of any of the foregoing examples, wherein the trailer component is any one of a vehicle parking tail turn signal lamp, a vehicle turn signal lamp, a vehicle brake lamp, a vehicle tail lamp, a vehicle running lamp, a vehicle anti-lock brake, a vehicle interior lamp or a vehicle reverse lamp.

[0137] Example 17:

[0138] The adapter of any of the preceding examples, wherein the trailer component is an anti-lock brake system controller, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a door sensor, a cargo sensor, a cargo length sensor, a liquid level sensor, or a refrigeration sensor.

[0139] Definitions and Alternative Glossary

[0140] Although embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings and described herein, the disclosure should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive. The disclosure is exemplary, and all changes, equivalents, and modifications consistent with the spirit of the invention are included. A detailed description is included herein to discuss various aspects of the embodiments shown in the drawings in order to promote an understanding of the principles of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. A person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention relates would typically expect any changes and further modifications to the described embodiments and any further application of the principles described herein. Some examples are disclosed in detail, however, for clarity, some features that may not be relevant may be omitted.

[0141] Where publications, patents, and patent applications are cited herein, they are understood to be incorporated by reference as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference and were set forth in its entirety herein.

[0142] The singular forms "a", "an" include plural referents unless expressly stated otherwise. By way of illustration, reference to "a device" or "the device" includes one or more such devices and their equivalents.

[0143] Directional terms (such as "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "lateral", "longitudinal", "radial", "circumferential", etc.) are used herein for the convenience of the reader to help the reader understand the illustrated examples. The use of these directional terms does not in any way limit the described, illustrated and / or claimed features to a particular direction and / or orientation.

[0144] Multiple related items shown in the drawings with the same part reference numerals with a single letter distinguishing the individual examples may be generally referred to by a distinguishable portion of the full name, and / or by a number alone. For example, if multiple "laterally extending elements" 90A, 90B, 90C, and 90D are shown in the drawings, the disclosure may refer to these elements as "laterally extending elements 90A to 90D," or as "laterally extending element 90," or by a distinguishable portion of the full name, such as "element 90."

[0145] Unless expressly defined below, language used in this disclosure is presumed to have only its plain and ordinary meaning. Words used in the definitions contained herein have only their plain and ordinary meaning. Such plain and ordinary meanings include all consistent dictionary definitions in the most recent editions of Webster's Dictionary and Random House Dictionary. As used herein, the following definitions apply to the following terms or their common variations (e.g., singular / plural form, past / present tense, etc.).

[0146] "Enable" is often used as a synonym for "provide power," or to refer to "enabling a specific function in a circuit or electronic device that already has power."

[0147] An "address" generally refers to a label useful for identifying a location or thing. Examples include a specific memory area in a computer from which data can be retrieved, or a specific memory area in which data can be stored. In the context of computer networks, an Internet Protocol address is a series of numbers that uniquely identifies a host on the network so that other computers connected to the network can direct data packets to a specific host. Similarly, in a Controller Area Network (CAN) in a vehicle, addresses are used to direct the movement of data to various nodes on the network.

[0148] "Anti-lock Braking System" generally refers to a vehicle safety system that allows the wheels on a motor vehicle (including trailers) to maintain traction contact with the road surface when braking, based on driver input, to prevent the wheels from locking (stopping rotation) and avoiding uncontrolled skidding. ABS systems automatically apply the principles of threshold braking and rhythm braking, albeit at a much faster rate and with greater control than the driver would normally apply manually. ABS systems include wheel speed sensors to detect a reduction in wheel rotation that indicates an impending wheel lock. Also included is an ABS controller that can automatically actuate the braking system to reduce braking force on the affected wheel or wheels, and quickly reapply braking force when the risk of wheel lock is reduced. This overall feedback loop can be executed multiple times a second, resulting in rapid activation and deactivation of braking force or "pulses" of braking.

[0149] Maximum braking force is obtained when there is approximately 10% to 20% slip between the rotational speed of the braked wheel and the road surface. Beyond this point, rolling grip rapidly diminishes and sliding friction provides a greater proportion of the force in slowing the vehicle. Sliding friction can be very low due to local heating and melting of the tires. When braking at or above peak braking force, steering inputs are essentially ineffective because the grip of the tires is completely expended in braking the vehicle.

[0150] Threshold braking attempts to achieve peak friction by maintaining the maximum braking force possible without allowing the wheels to slip excessively. Braking beyond the slip point causes the tires to slip and the frictional adhesion between the tires and the driving surface is reduced. The goal of threshold braking is to keep the amount of tire slip at the optimal amount, the value that produces the maximum friction, and therefore braking force. When the wheels are slipping significantly (dynamic friction), the amount of friction available for braking is typically much lower than when the wheels are not slipping (static friction), reducing the braking force. The friction peak occurs between the static and dynamic endpoints, and this is the point that threshold braking attempts to maintain.

[0151] "Metronomic" braking or "stuttering" braking involves pumping the brake pedal to both steer and brake the car on slippery surfaces. ABS systems usually provide this behavior automatically, at much higher speeds than most drivers can produce manually. It is used to achieve emergency stops in situations where traction is limited, to reduce the slipping effect of the road wheels locking up under braking. This can be a particular problem when different tires have different traction, such as on patchy ice. Metronomic braking gives the driver maximum time to maneuver around an obstacle ahead, as it allows the driver to steer while slowing down.

[0152] On dry and slippery roads, ABS generally provides better vehicle control and reduces stopping distances; however, on loose gravel or snow-covered roads, ABS may significantly increase braking distances, although still improving steering control of the vehicle.

[0153] A "backup camera" generally refers to a rear-facing camera mounted on a vehicle or trailer that is designed to capture an image directly behind the vehicle.

[0154] "Brake light" or "stop light" generally refers to a light mounted at or near the rear of a vehicle or trailer that is configured to illuminate when the vehicle or trailer brakes to warn others that the vehicle is slowing down. Brake lights are typically mounted on the rear of a vehicle or trailer and are typically configured to emit a red light. As used herein, the term generally refers to stop lights that meet current legal and / or regulatory requirements for trucks or trailers, such as illuminated area, candela meters, etc. These regulations include, for example, Title 49 of the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Section 571.108, also known as Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 108.

[0155] "Brake Mode" generally refers to a specific vehicle mode that is activated when the vehicle is decelerated by the application of the brake system. This mode may only be activated briefly, such as lightly applying the brakes, or it may be activated and maintained for any length of time, such as when located in stopped traffic.

[0156] "Cable" generally refers to one or more long strips of material that can be used to carry electromagnetic or electrical energy. Metal or other conductive materials can be used to carry electrical current. In another embodiment, strands of glass, acrylic, or other substantially transparent material may be included in a cable used to carry light, such as a fiber optic cable. The cable may include connectors at each end of the long strands for connecting to other cables to provide additional length. A cable is often synonymous with a node in an electrical circuit, providing a connection between elements in a circuit, but not including the circuit elements. Therefore, any voltage drop across the cable is a function of the overall resistance of the materials used.

[0157] The cable may include a jacket or layer of non-conductive material surrounding the cable to electrically insulate the cable from inadvertent electrical connection with other conductive material adjacent to the cable.

[0158] The cable may include a plurality of individual component cables, wires or strands, each with or without a non-conductive sheath. The cable may also include a non-conductive sheath or layer around the conductive material and one or more layers of conductive shielding material around the non-conductive sheath to capture stray electromagnetic energy that may be transmitted by electromagnetic signals propagating along the conductive material of the cable and to insulate the cable from stray electromagnetic energy that may be present in the environment through which the cable passes. Examples of cables include twisted pair, coaxial cable, "twin lead", fiber optic cable, hybrid optical and electrical cables, ribbon cables having multiple side-by-side wires, and the like.

[0159] A "cable system" generally refers to one or more cables configured to operate together to achieve a result. For example, a cable system includes multiple cables or conductors operating together to transmit electromagnetic energy. Examples include twisted pair network cables used to carry data on a network, coaxial cables that carry radio signals from a transmitter to an antenna, multiple wires that carry power to different parts of a vehicle such as a truck or trailer, or three-wire AC wiring such as is commonly found in homes that carry electricity. Cable systems may also be used to achieve mechanical results, such as in the case of a cable-stayed bridge where one or more cables are used to support the bridge, or in the case of a crane that may use one or more cables to lift and / or move a load.

[0160] "Cargo sensor" generally refers to a sensor configured to determine whether at least a portion of a trailer is loaded or unloaded. Any suitable sensing technology may be used for this purpose. Examples include cargo sensors using ultrasonic detection, optical image analysis of the cargo area, or laser time-of-flight measurements for detecting the presence of cargo in the cargo area.

[0161] A "computer" or "computing device" generally refers to a device configured to compute a result from any number of input values ​​or variables. A computer may include a processor for performing calculations to process inputs or outputs. A computer may include a memory for storing values ​​to be processed by the processor, or for storing the results of previous processing.

[0162] Computers can also be configured to accept input and output from a wide range of input and output devices for receiving or sending values. These devices include other computers, keyboards, mice, visual displays, printers, industrial equipment, and systems or machines of all types and sizes. For example, a computer can control a network or network interface to perform various network communications as required. A network interface can be part of the computer or can be characterized as being separate and remote from the computer.

[0163] A computer may be a single, physical computing device (e.g., a desktop computer, a laptop), or may consist of multiple devices of the same type (e.g., a group of servers operating as one device in a network cluster), or a heterogeneous combination of different computing devices operating as one computer and linked together by a communications network. The communications network connected to the computer may also be connected to a wider network, such as the Internet. Thus, a computer may include one or more physical processors or other computing devices or circuits, and may also include any suitable type of memory.

[0164] A computer may also be a virtual computing platform with an unknown or fluctuating number of physical processors and storage or memory devices. Thus, a computer may be physically located in one geographic location, or physically distributed across several widely dispersed locations with multiple processors linked together by a communications network to operate as a single computer.

[0165] The concepts of "computer" and "processor" within a computer or computing device also include any such processor or computing device used to perform calculations or comparisons as part of the disclosed system. The processing operations related to threshold comparisons, rule comparisons, calculations, etc. that occur in the computer can occur, for example, on a separate server, on the same server with a separate processor, or on a virtual computing environment with the aforementioned unknown number of physical processors.

[0166] The computer may be selectively coupled to one or more visual displays and / or may include an integrated visual display. Likewise, the displays may be of the same type or may be a heterogeneous combination of different visual devices. The computer may also include one or more operator input devices, such as a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a laser or infrared pointing device, or a gyroscopic pointing device, to name a few representative embodiments. Additionally, in addition to the display, one or more other output devices may be included, such as a printer, a plotter, an industrial manufacturing machine, a 3D printer, etc. Thus, various arrangements of display, input, and output devices are possible.

[0167] Multiple computers or computing devices can be configured to communicate with each other or other devices via wired or wireless communication links to form a network. Network communications can pass through various computers operating as network devices, such as switches, routers, firewalls or other network devices or interfaces, and then through other larger computer networks, such as the Internet. Communications can also be transmitted over the network as wireless data transmission via transmission lines or electromagnetic waves in free space. Such communications include the use of WiFi or other wireless local area networks (WLAN) or cellular transmitters / receivers to transmit data.

[0168] "Communications cable" generally refers to cables configured to carry digital or analog signals.

[0169] A "communication link" generally refers to a connection between two or more communicating entities, and may or may not include a communication channel between the communicating entities. Communication between the communicating entities may occur in any suitable manner. For example, the connection may be implemented as a physical link, an electrical link, an electromagnetic link, a logical link, or any other suitable link to facilitate communication.

[0170] In the case of a physical link, communication may occur through multiple elements in the communication link that are configured to respond to each other through physical movement of one element relative to another. In the case of an electrical link, the communication link may consist of multiple electrical conductors that are electrically connected to form the communication link.

[0171] In the case of an electromagnetic link, the connection may be implemented by sending or receiving electromagnetic energy at any suitable frequency, so that the communication is transmitted in the form of electromagnetic waves. These electromagnetic waves may or may not pass through a physical medium (such as optical fiber), or through free space with one or more transmitting and receiving antennas, or any combination thereof. The electromagnetic waves may be transmitted at any suitable frequency, including any frequency in the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0172] The communication link may include any suitable combination of hardware and software components, such as routers, switches, network terminals, repeaters, signal strength detectors, hubs, etc.

[0173] In the case of a logical link, a communication link can be a conceptual connection between a sender and a receiver, such as a transmission station in a receiving station. A logical link can include any combination of physical, electrical, electromagnetic or other types of communication links.

[0174] "Comparison logic" generally refers to software or electronic circuitry configured to compare two or more values ​​and determine a result based on one or more rules. These rules may be encoded as software executed on a processor in a computer, or by an arrangement of digital or analog logic gates or circuits. Examples include if-then decision trees, comparisons based on relationships between sets of values, decision logic implemented in neural networks, fuzzy logic for determining partial truth results, and the like.

[0175] "Controller Area Network (CAN)" or "CAN bus" generally refers to a communication system and network protocol that can be used for intercommunication between components or subsystems of a vehicle. A CAN (sometimes colloquially referred to as a "CAN bus") allows one or more microcontrollers or CAN-enabled devices to communicate with each other in real time without a host computer. CAN can physically connect all nodes together via a two-wire bus. These wires can be twisted pairs with a characteristic impedance of 120 ohms. These lines can be thought of as "high" and "low" connections.

[0176] CAN can be thought of as an instance of a multi-master serial bus that connects electronic control units (ECUs), also known as "nodes". Two or more nodes are required to communicate on a CAN network. Nodes can range in complexity from simple I / O devices such as sensors, active devices such as lights, transmissions, or brake actuators, or embedded computers or ECUs with a CAN interface. Nodes can also be gateways, allowing standard computers to communicate over a network connection such as a Universal Serial Bus (USB) or Ethernet port, allowing external devices to be selectively added or removed from the CAN network.

[0177] The CAN bus does not require any addressing scheme, as the nodes of the network use unique identifiers that can be programmed into individual nodes before use, or reprogrammed between uses. This provides the nodes with information about the priority and urgency of the information being transmitted.

[0178] Each node may include a central processing unit, a microprocessor, or a main processor. The main processor may be configured to determine what the received information means and what information to transmit in response. The node may be electrically connected to sensors, actuators, lights, or other electronic devices that may be connected to the main processor. The node may also include a CAN controller, optionally integrated into the microcontroller. The CAN controller may implement the transmit and receive protocols. When receiving, the CAN controller may store the serial bits received from the bus until the entire message is available and can then be retrieved by the main processor (e.g., an interrupt is triggered by the CAN controller). When transmitting, the main processor may send (one or more) transmission messages to the CAN controller, and when the bus is idle, the controller transmits these bits serially to the bus. The node may also include a transceiver. When receiving: The transceiver may convert the data stream from the level of the CAN bus to the level used by the CAN controller. It may have protection circuits to protect the CAN controller. When transmitting, the transceiver may convert the data stream from the CAN controller to the level of the CAN bus.

[0179] Each node can be configured to send and receive information, but not at the same time. The message or frame mainly consists of an ID (identifier) ​​representing the message priority, and up to eight data bytes. CRC, confirmation slot (ACK) and other overhead are also part of the message. The improved CAN FD extends the length of the data part to a maximum of 64 bytes per frame. The message is transmitted serially to the bus using the non-return to zero (NRZ) format and may be received by all nodes.

[0180] CAN data transmission can use a lossless bit arbitration method to resolve contention issues. This arbitration method may require that all nodes on the CAN network are synchronized to sample every bit on the CAN network at the same time. Therefore, data can be transmitted in an asynchronous format without a clock signal.

[0181] The CAN specification may use the terms "dominant" and "recessive" bits, where a dominant bit is a logic 0 (actively driven to a voltage by a transmitter) and a recessive bit is a logic 1 (passively driven back to a voltage by a resistor). The idle state may be represented by a recessive level (logic 1). If one node transmits a dominant bit and another transmits a recessive bit, then a collision occurs and the dominant bit "wins". This means that there is no delay for the higher priority message, and the node transmitting the lower priority message automatically attempts to retransmit, for example, six bit clocks after the end of the dominant message.

[0182] All nodes on a CAN network typically operate at the same nominal bit rate, but noise, phase shift, oscillator tolerances, and oscillator drift mean that the actual bit rate may not be consistent with the nominal bit rate. Since no separate clock signal is used, a method of synchronizing the nodes is used. Synchronization is helpful during arbitration, as nodes in arbitration may see their transmissions and the transmissions of other nodes at the same time. Synchronization also helps ensure that oscillator timing variations between nodes do not cause errors.

[0183] Synchronization can start with a hard synchronization on the first recessive to dominant transition after the bus idle period (start bit). Resynchronization can occur on each recessive to dominant transition during the frame. The CAN controller may expect transitions to occur at multiples of the nominal bit time. If a transition does not occur at the exact time the controller expects, the controller adjusts the nominal bit time accordingly.

[0184] Examples of lower layers (eg, Level 1 and Level 2 of the ISO / OSI model) are commercially available from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and include ISO 11898-1 through 11898-6 and ISO 16845-1 and 16845-2.

[0185] The CAN standard may not include application layer protocols such as flow control, device addressing and the transport of data blocks larger than one message as well as application data. Other available CAN standards are optimized for use in specific areas. These standards include, but are not limited to:

[0186] ARINC 812 or ARINC 825 (for the aviation industry).

[0187] CANopen-EN 50325-4 (for industrial automation)

[0188] DeviceNet (for industrial automation)

[0189] EnergyBus-CiA 454 (for light electric vehicles)

[0190] ISOBUS-ISO 11783 (Agriculture)

[0191] ISO-TP - ISO 15765-2 (Transmission protocol for automotive diagnostics)

[0192] SAE J1939 (for in-vehicle networks in buses and trucks)

[0193] MilCAN

[0194] NMEA 2000-IEC 61162-3 (Marine Industry)

[0195] Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) – ISO 14229 (Automotive Diagnostics)

[0196] CANaerospace-Stock (for the aviation industry)

[0197] CAN Kingdom-Kvaser(Embedded Control System)

[0198] CCP / XCP (Automotive ECU Calibration)

[0199] GMLAN - General Motors (for General Motors)

[0200] RV-C-RVIA (for recreational vehicles)

[0201] SafetyBUS p-Pilz (for industrial automation)

[0202] UAVCAN (Aerospace and Robotics)

[0203] "Controller" or "control circuit" generally refers to a mechanical or electronic device that is configured to control the behavior of another mechanical or electronic device. A controller or control circuit may be configured to provide signals or other electrical impulses that can be received and interpreted by the controlled device to indicate how it should behave. Controllers or control circuits may control other controllers or control circuits, such as in a master-slave configuration, where a master is configured to control a slave based on input from the master.

[0204] "Control logic" generally refers to hardware or software configured to implement an automated decision-making process by which inputs are considered and corresponding outputs are generated. The outputs may be used for any appropriate purpose, such as providing specific commands to a machine or program specifying specific actions to be taken. An embodiment of control logic includes a computer program executed by a processor to accept commands from a user and generate outputs according to the logic implemented in the program executed by the processor. In another embodiment, control logic may be implemented as a series of logic gates, microcontrollers, etc., electrically connected together in a predetermined arrangement to accept inputs from other circuits or computers and generate outputs according to rules implemented in the logic circuits.

[0205] "Data" generally refers to the value of one or more qualitative or quantitative variables, usually the result of measurements. Data can be thought of as "atoms," finite individual units of specific information. Data can also be thought of as a value or set of values, including a reference frame that indicates some meaning associated with those values. For example, the number "2" alone is a symbol that has no meaning without some kind of context. When the number "2" is understood to mean, for example, the number of items produced in one hour, it can be considered "data."

[0206] Data can be organized and represented in a structured format. Examples include a tabular representation using rows and columns, a tree representation with a set of nodes considered to have a parent-child relationship, or a graph representation as a set of connected nodes, to name a few.

[0207] The term "data" may refer to unprocessed or "raw data," such as a collection of numbers, characters, or other symbols that represent individual facts or opinions. Data may be collected by sensors in a controlled or uncontrolled environment, or generated by observing, recording, or processing other data. The word "data" may be used in either the plural or singular form. The older plural form "datum" may also be used.

[0208] "Door sensor" generally refers to a sensor configured to detect whether a door is open or closed. Such sensors may be installed in vehicles, homes, businesses, or as part of a security or surveillance system. Such sensors may include optical or mechanical switches, proximity sensors, or other such devices that detect the position of a door's open or closed configuration.

[0209] A "two-position switch" generally refers to an electronic device that has two operating conditions. In one position, the switch is "open" and there is no connection across the switch's terminals, so no power can flow through the switch. In the "off" position, the switch's terminals are connected and power can flow through the switch. Examples include mechanical switches such as single-pole single-throw (SPST) switches and double-pole double-throw (DPDT) switches. For example, a two-position mechanical switch such as a dual-in-line package (DIP) switch can be arranged together in a single package with multiple individual two-position switches that are mechanically actuated between open and closed positions. In the closed position, the contacts are physically in contact, so the circuit is complete and power can flow through the switch. In the open position, the contacts are physically separated far enough to break the circuit, thereby interrupting the flow of power.

[0210] In another embodiment, many solid-state devices (such as bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs), or other similar devices) operate as two-position switches where the switching mechanism is actuated electromagnetically rather than by physically contacting two parts of the circuit together.

[0211] "Electrically connected" generally refers to the configuration of two objects that allows electricity to flow between or through them. In one instance, two conductive materials are physically adjacent to each other and close enough that electricity can be transferred between them. In another instance, two conductive materials are in physical contact, allowing current to flow between them.

[0212] "Ground" or "circuit ground" generally refers to a node in an electrical circuit that is designated as a reference node for other nodes in the circuit. It is the reference point for measuring voltages in the circuit, a common return path for current flow, and / or a direct physical connection to earth.

[0213] "Ground cable" generally refers to a cable that is electrically connected to a circuit ground.

[0214] "J-560 compliant wiring system" generally refers to a cable system that has multiple individual wires forming independent circuits on a truck trailer that meets the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J-560 standard. The J-560 standard requires an 8AWG chassis ground wire, usually white, a 10AWG wire (usually red) dedicated to the brake or parking lights, and a 10AWG wire (usually blue) dedicated to providing continuous ABS main power, or powering auxiliary devices. It usually includes four 12AWG wires (such as yellow, green, brown, and black), where the yellow wire is dedicated to the left turn signal and hazard lights, the green wire is dedicated to the right turn signal and hazard lights, the brown wire is dedicated to the tail and license plate and clearance lights and / or side marker lights, and the black wire is dedicated to clearance lights, side marker lights, and identification lights. Therefore, the total cross-sectional area of ​​a traditional J-560 compliant cable system is approximately 32mm 2 , is composed of four cross-sectional areas of 3.3mm 2 Metal 12AWG cable, two cross-sectional areas of 5.3mm 2 A metal 10AWG cable with a cross-sectional area of ​​8.4mm 2 The cable is made of 8AWG metal cable.

[0215] "Lamp" generally refers to an electrical device configured to generate light using electricity. The light generated may be in the visible range, ultraviolet, infrared, or other light. Examples of lighting technologies that may be used for lamps include, but are not limited to, incandescent, halogen, LED, fluorescent, carbon arc, xenon arc, metal halide, mercury vapor, sulfur, neon, sodium vapor, or other.

[0216] "Light Emitting Diode" or "LED" generally refers to a diode that is configured to emit light when electricity is passed through it. The term may be used to refer to a single diode as well as arrays and / or groupings of LEDs. This may include the die and / or LED film or other laminate, the LED package, which may include an encapsulating material around the die, which is typically clear and may or may not be tinted and / or may or may not have a colored sub-cover. LEDs may be of various colors, shapes, sizes, and designs, including with or without heat sinks, lenses, or reflectors, built into the package.

[0217] A "liquid level sensor" generally refers to a sensor used to measure the depth of a liquid in a container. Examples include optical level switches, ultrasonic sensors, float switches, and conductive sensors, to name a few non-limiting examples.

[0218] "LED lamp" generally refers to an electrical device that uses a light-emitting diode (LED) to generate light through electricity. A lamp can include one LED or multiple LEDs.

[0219] "LED Fault Signal" generally refers to a signal used to indicate an LED fault. The LED Fault Signal may be in the form of a power source to illuminate a faulty LED, data information (such as via a serial communication protocol or otherwise), a mechanical indicator, or other. The LED Fault Signal may be used to communicate a faulty LED to an onboard computer or display system, such as may be found in the cabin of a vehicle or trailer.

[0220] "Local Interconnect Network (LIN)" generally refers to a network protocol used for communication between vehicle components, usually by means of serial communications. LIN can also be used over the vehicle's battery power line with a special DC-LIN (DC-LIN) transceiver. Features of the protocol include, but are not limited to, one master, up to 16 slaves, Slave Node Location Detection (SNPD) that allows assignment of node addresses after power-up, single-wire communication at greater than 19.2Kbits / s, bus lengths of 40 meters or less, guaranteed latency, variable length of data frames (2, 4, and 8 byte frames), multicast reception with time synchronization, no crystals or ceramic resonators required, data checking and error detection, detection of defective nodes, and an operating voltage of 12V.

[0221] LIN can be implemented as a single-wire network, such as the asynchronous serial network described in ISO 9141. A microcontroller can generate all the required LIN data by software and connect to the LIN network via a LIN transceiver. The LIN master can use one or more predefined schedules to start sending and receiving to the LIN bus. These schedules contain relative time information, i.e. the starting point of the message transmission. A LIN frame consists of two parts: a header and a response. The header is always sent by the LIN master, while the response is sent by a dedicated LIN slave or the LIN master itself.

[0222] The data transmitted in LIN is transmitted serially in the form of eight-bit data bytes, with a start bit, a stop bit, and no parity (the break field has no start bit and stop bit). The bit rate varies from 1kbit / s to 20kbit / s, or even higher. The data on the bus is divided into recessive (logic high) and dominant (logic low). The normal time is considered by the stable clock source of the LIN master, and the smallest entity is a bit time (such as 52μs at 19.2kbit / s).

[0223] Data can be transmitted on the bus in fixed-form messages of selectable length. The master task can transmit a header consisting of an interrupt signal followed by synchronization and identifier fields. The slave can respond with a data frame consisting of 2, 4, and 8 data bytes plus 3 bytes of control information. Frame types include: unconditional frame, event triggered frame, sporadic frame, diagnostic frame, user defined frame, reserved frame. An example of a standard LIN is maintained by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as ISO / AWI17987.

[0224] "Maintenance interface" generally refers to software or hardware configured to perform maintenance functions. This may include establishing and / or maintaining a communication link with a remote computing device. Such a communication link may be wired or wireless and may be used for any appropriate maintenance purpose, such as sending information to the remote computing device, and retrieving updated software, such as in the case of wirelessly delivered firmware upgrades. The maintenance interface may include a wireless module or interface whose software manages the specific tasks of maintaining a wireless connection to a computer network to perform maintenance functions.

[0225] "Master / Slave" generally refers to a mode of communication protocol in which a device or process (called a master) controls one or more other devices or processes (called slaves). In some embodiments, such as in a Local Interconnect Network (LIN), only one node in the communication network can operate as a master, and once the master / slave relationship is established, the direction of control is always from the master to the slave(s). In other instances, such as in the case of a Controller Area Network (CAN), the concept of master and slave is less strict, as all nodes on the CAN can operate as a "master" issuing commands to other "master" nodes. As used herein, a master sends commands to a slave, regardless of whether the network protocol used strictly adheres to this requirement.

[0226] "Memory" generally refers to any storage system or device configured to retain data or information. Each memory may include one or more types of solid-state electronic memory, magnetic memory, or optical memory, to name a few. The memory may use any suitable storage technology, or combination of storage technologies, and may be volatile, non-volatile, or a mixed combination of volatile and non-volatile varieties. As non-limiting examples, each memory may include a solid-state electronic random access memory (RAM), a sequential access memory (SAM) (such as a first-in, first-out (FIFO) variety or a last-in, first-out (LIFO) variety), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an electronically programmable read-only memory (EPROM), or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM).

[0227] Memory can refer to dynamic random access memory (DRAM) or any variant including static random access memory (SRAM), burst SRAM or synchronous burst SRAM (BSRAM), fast page mode DRAM (FPM DRAM), enhanced DRAM (EDRAM), extended data output RAM (EDO RAM), extended data output DRAM (EDO DRAM), burst extended data output DRAM (REDO DRAM), single data rate synchronous DRAM (SDR SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), direct Rambus DRAM (DRDRAM), or extreme data rate DRAM (XDR DRAM).

[0228] Memory may also refer to nonvolatile storage technologies such as nonvolatile read access memory (NVRAM), flash memory, nonvolatile static RAM (nvSRAM), ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM), phase change memory (PRAM), conductive bridging RAM (CBRAM), silicon oxide-nitride oxide-silicon (SONOS), resistive RAM (RRAM), domain wall memory (DWM) or "Racetrack" memory, nano RAM (NRAM) or Millipede memory. Other nonvolatile types of memory include optical disk storage (such as DVD or CD ROM), magnetically encoded hard disk or hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic tape or cartridge media. The concept of memory includes the use of any suitable storage technology or any combination of storage technologies.

[0229] "Metallic" generally refers to materials that include metal, or are primarily metal (50% or more by weight). A metallic substance may be a single pure metal, an alloy of two or more metals, or any other suitable combination of metals. The term may be used to refer to materials that include non-metallic substances. For example, a metal cable may include one or more wires that are primarily copper and are surrounded by a polymer or other non-conductive material.

[0230] A "microcontroller" or "MCU" generally refers to a small computer on a single integrated circuit. It may be similar to a system on a chip, or "SoC," but is not as complex; an SoC may include a microcontroller as one of its components. A microcontroller may contain one or more CPUs (processor cores), as well as memory and programmable input / output peripherals. Program memory in the form of ferroelectric RAM, NOR flash, or OTP ROM may also be included on the chip, as well as a small amount of RAM. Microcontrollers may be designed for embedded applications, unlike microprocessors used in personal computers or other general-purpose applications, which are made up of various discrete chips.

[0231] Microcontrollers can be included in automatically controlled products and devices, such as automotive engine control systems, implantable medical devices, remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools, toys, and other embedded systems. MCUs can be configured to process mixed signals, thereby integrating the analog components required to control non-digital electronic systems.

[0232] Some microcontrollers may use four-bit words and operate at frequencies as low as 4kHz for low power consumption (single-digit milliwatts or microwatts). They are often capable of maintaining functionality while waiting for an event such as a button press or other interrupt to occur; power consumption when asleep (CPU clock and most peripherals off) may be only nanowatts, making many of them suitable for long-term battery applications. Other microcontrollers may play a performance role, and they may need to act more like a digital signal processor (DSP), with higher clock speeds and power consumption. Microcontrollers may include any suitable combination of circuits, such as:

[0233] 1. Central Processing Units - From small and simple processors with registers as small as 4 bits or lists, to complex processors with registers of 32 bits, 64 bits or more;

[0234] 2. Volatile memory (RAM) for data storage;

[0235] 3. ROM, EPROM, EEPROM or Flash memory for program and operating parameter storage;

[0236] 4. Discrete input and output bits allow control or detection of the logic state of individual package pins;

[0237] 5. Serial input / output, such as serial ports (UARTs);

[0238] 6. Other serial communication interfaces, such as I 2 C. Serial peripheral interface and controller area network for system interconnection;

[0239] 7. Peripheral devices such as timers, event counters, PWM generators and monitors;

[0240] 8. Clock generator - usually a quartz timing crystal, resonator or RC circuit oscillator;

[0241] 9. Many include analog-to-digital converters, and some include digital-to-analog converters;

[0242] 10. Online programming and online debugging support;

[0243] "Mode selector" generally refers to a device configured to provide input for selecting an operating mode for a system or a device operating within a system. In one instance, the mode selector is a physical array of switches that can be used to specify a string of binary data that can be used to identify a selected mode. The selected mode can be changed by adjusting the position of the switches. In another instance, the mode selector can be a software program or logic circuit configured to adjust a data value stored in a memory and update the data value when other devices seek to adjust the current operating mode.

[0244] "Mode identifier" generally refers to a physical or logical indicator that identifies the operating mode of a device or system. Examples include a string of binary bits stored in a memory, represented as a number or string that identifies the current mode. In another example, the physical arrangement of a two-position switch can operate as a mode identifier.

[0245] As used herein, "plurality" is synonymous with the term "plurality" and means more than one, or by extension two or more.

[0246] The term "network" or "computer network" generally refers to a telecommunications network that allows computers to exchange data. Computers can pass data to each other along a data connection by converting the data into a collection of datagrams or packets. The connection between computers and the network can be established using cables, optical fibers, or by electromagnetic transmission (such as used in wireless networking equipment).

[0247] Computers connected to a network are called "nodes" or "hosts" and can initiate, broadcast, route, or receive data from the network. Nodes can include any computing device (such as personal computers, phones, servers, and specialized computers that operate to maintain the flow of data throughout the network), which are called "network devices." Two nodes are considered "networked" when one device is able to exchange information with another, regardless of whether there is a direct connection between them.

[0248] Examples of wired network connections may include digital subscriber lines (DSL), coaxial cable lines, or fiber optic lines. Wireless connections may include BLUETOOTH, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), infrared channels, or satellite bands, or any wireless local area network (Wi-Fi), such as those implemented using the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standards (such as 802.11 (a), 802.11 (b), 802.11 (g), or 802.11 (n), to name a few). The wireless link may also include or use any cellular network standard for communication between mobile devices, including 1G, 2G, 3G, or 4G. Network standards may qualify as 1G, 2G, etc. by meeting one or more specifications or standards, such as those maintained by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). For example, if a network meets the standards in the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) specifications, it may be referred to as a "3G network," regardless of what it may otherwise be called. If a network complies with the requirements of International Mobile Telecommunications Advanced (IMTAdvanced), it may be referred to as a "4G network." Examples of cellular networks or other wireless standards include AMPS, GSM, GPRS, UMTS, LTE, LTE Advanced, Mobile WiMAX, and WiMAX-Advanced.

[0249] Cellular network standards can use various channel access methods, such as FDMA, TDMA, CDMA or SDMA. Different types of data can be transmitted through different links and standards, or the same type of data can be transmitted through different links and standards.

[0250] The geographic scope of the network may vary widely. Examples include a body area network (BAN), a personal area network (PAN), a low power wireless personal area network using IPv6 (6LoWPAN), a local area network (LAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a wide area network (WAN), or the Internet.

[0251] A network may have any suitable network topology, defining the number and purpose of network connections. The network topology may be of any suitable form, and may include point-to-point, bus, star, ring, mesh, or tree. A network may be an overlay network, which is virtual and configured as one or more layers that use or "lie" on top of other networks.

[0252] The network may utilize different communication protocols or information transfer technologies, including layers or stacks of protocols. Examples include the Ethernet protocol, the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP / IP), ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) technology, SONET (Synchronous Optical Network) protocol, or SDE1 (Synchronous Digital Equalization) protocol. The TCP / IP Internet Protocol Suite may include an application layer, a transport layer, an internet layer (including, for example, IPv6), or a link layer.

[0253] "Nose box" generally refers to the housing that serves as the junction for electronic circuits and / or physical connections running between the truck and the trailer. The nose box is generally located at the front of the trailer, but may be placed at any suitable location on the trailer. The nose box may be a single housing or may include multiple separate housings located at the same or different locations on the trailer. The nose box typically provides a common ground circuit between the truck and trailer cable systems. It may also provide a location on the trailer through which the trailer cable system can be electrically connected to one or more power circuits provided by the truck. For example, the nose box may provide a connection that conforms to the J-560 standard, or the nose box may include a four-pin, five-pin, or other similar connection.

[0254] "Mode of operation" or "mode" generally refers to an identifiable state of operation. It can be thought of as the act of operating in a predetermined manner, or in the process of following a course of action, or course of action. In another instance, a mode as used herein refers to a process of acting in accordance with a defined procedural means, method or methodology, plan of action, practice or procedure, strategy, tactic, technique, or means to an end.

[0255] Operational modes need not involve a predetermined series of fixed steps or operations. For example, operational modes may include decision algorithms that are fixed but lead to non-deterministic actions or results based on new facts. In another example, operational modes may include decision algorithms that change over time, producing different deterministic results based on similar inputs.

[0256] Examples of operating modes include: lights that are off or in "off" mode; lights that are in "blinking mode," which involves intermittently enabling and deactivating power to the lights; a stationary truck with the transmission in "reverse mode" in preparation for moving backward; a camera that is "on" but "not recording," etc.

[0257] As used herein, "optional" means discretionary; not required; possible but not mandatory; and chosen by the individual.

[0258] "Power failure detection circuit" generally refers to a circuit configured to detect an abnormal condition of a component connected to the circuit, thereby determining whether the component has failed. For example, the power failure detection circuit may be configured to detect the failure of a single LED, or to detect the failure of a significant number of single LEDs in an LED lamp connected to a trailer cable system, requiring replacement of the entire LED lamp.

[0259] A "pigtail" generally refers to a cable with a connector on one end and loose wires on the other. It is designed to tap into existing wiring, or to terminate the end of a wire or harness.

[0260] "Polymeric material" or "polymer" generally refers to naturally occurring and synthetic materials characterized by a molecular structure consisting of repeating subunits bonded together. Examples include, but are not limited to, naturally occurring substances such as amber, silk, and linen, as well as a variety of synthetic substances such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, synthetic rubber, phenol formaldehyde resin (or Bakelite), neoprene, nylon, polyacrylonitrile, silicone, etc.

[0261] "Predominantly" in this article is a synonym for greater than 50%.

[0262] "Pressure sensor" generally refers to a device configured to detect pressure applied to the device. Such a device typically includes a pressure sensitive element to determine the actual pressure applied to the sensor and may also include components configured to convert this information into an output signal. Examples of pressure sensors include strain gauge-based sensors, capacitive sensors, piezoresistive pressure sensors, resonant pressure sensors, etc.

[0263] "Processor" generally refers to one or more electronic components, configured as a single unit, configured or programmed to process input to produce output. Alternatively, when a multi-component form is adopted, the processor may have one or more components remotely located relative to other components. One or more components of each processor may be electronic, defined as digital circuits, analog circuits, or both. In one example, each processor is a conventional integrated circuit microprocessor arrangement, such as one or more PENTIUM, i3, i5 or i7 processors provided by INTEL Corporation of Santa Clara, California, USA. Examples of other commercial processors include, but are not limited to, X8 and Freescale Coldfire processors manufactured by Motorola, Inc. of Schaumburg, Illinois, USA; ARM processors and TEGRA system-on-chip (SoC) processors manufactured by Nvidia Corporation of Santa Clara, California, USA; POWER7 processors manufactured by International Business Machines Corporation of White Plains, New York, USA; any FX, Phenom, Athlon, Sempron or Opteron processors manufactured by Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. of Sunnyvale, California, USA; or Snapdragon SoC processors manufactured by Qualcomm Incorporated of San Diego, California, USA.

[0264] Processors also include application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). An ASIC is a customized integrated circuit (IC) that is designed to perform a specific series of logic operations that control a computer to perform a specific task or function. An ASIC is an example of a processor for a special-purpose computer, rather than a processor configured for general purposes. Application-specific integrated circuits generally cannot be reprogrammed to perform other functions and can be programmed once when manufactured.

[0265] In another example, the processor may be of a "field programmable" type. Such a processor, after being manufactured, may be programmed "in the field" multiple times to perform various specialized or general functions. A field programmable processor may include a field programmable gate array (FPGA) in the integrated circuit of the processor. The FPGA may be programmed to execute a specific series of instructions, which may be retained in the non-volatile memory cells of the FPGA. The FPGA may be configured by a customer or designer using a hardware description language (HDL). Another computer may be used to reprogram the FPGA to reconfigure the FPGA to implement a new set of commands or operating instructions. Such operations may be performed in any suitable manner, such as by a firmware upgrade of the processor circuit.

[0266] Just as the concept of a computer is not limited to a single physical device in a single location, the concept of a "processor" is not limited to a single physical logical circuit or circuit package, but includes one or more such circuits or circuit packages, which may be contained in or across multiple computers in many physical locations. In a virtual computing environment, an unknown number of physical processors may be actively processing data, and this unknown number may also change automatically over time.

[0267] The concept of "processor" includes a device that is configured or programmed to perform threshold comparisons, rule comparisons, calculations, or to perform logical operations that apply rules to data that produce logical results (e.g., "true" or "false"). Processing activities can occur in multiple single processors on independent servers, multiple processors in a single server with independent processors, or multiple processors in independent computing devices that are physically separated from each other.

[0268] "Power cable" generally refers to a cable configured to transmit power as part of an electrical circuit. Power cables can be used exclusively to transmit power, but can also be used to transmit signals, such as in a power line communication (PLC) system.

[0269] "Rear-facing" generally means facing away from the rear of the vehicle or structure.

[0270] "Refrigeration sensor" generally refers to a temperature sensor configured to report temperature data in a refrigeration environment.

[0271] A "remote computing device" generally refers to a computing device that is located separately from other devices and can communicate via any suitable communication link, such as a wireless or wired network.

[0272] "Backup lights" generally refer to rear-facing lights on a vehicle that are configured to illuminate the area behind the vehicle and warn others nearby that the vehicle is in reverse mode and may soon begin to move backwards.

[0273] "Running lights" generally refer to lights on a vehicle that, when activated, provide additional visual cues to nearby people about the size of the vehicle and the direction it is traveling. Such lights typically emit a white, yellow, or amber light.

[0274] "Sensor" generally refers to a sensor configured to sense or detect a characteristic of the sensor's local environment. For example, a sensor can be configured to detect a change in an event or quantity or sensed parameter and provide a corresponding output, typically an electrical or electromagnetic signal. The sensitivity of a sensor indicates how much the output of the sensor changes when the input quantity being measured changes.

[0275] "Sensory parameters" generally refer to environmental attributes that can be detected by sensors. As used herein, sensory parameters can be synonymous with operating conditions, environmental factors, sensor parameters, or environmental conditions. Sensing parameters can include temperature, air pressure, velocity, acceleration, the presence or intensity of sound or light or other electromagnetic phenomena, the intensity and / or direction of magnetic or electric fields, and the like.

[0276] "Signal" generally refers to a function or means of representing information. It can be considered as the output of a conversion or encoding process. The concept usually includes the change of state of the medium or carrier that conveys the information. The medium can be any suitable medium, such as air, water, electrical, magnetic or electromagnetic energy, such as radio waves, pulses of visible or invisible light, and similar cases.

[0277] As used herein, "signal" means a representation of meaningful information. Arbitrary or random changes in the state of a carrier medium are generally not considered "signals" and may be considered "noise". For example, an arbitrary stream of binary data is not considered a signal. On the other hand, analog and digital signals, which are representations of analog physical quantities, are examples of signals. Signals are generally useless without some way to transmit or send the information, and a receiver responsive to the transmitter to receive the information.

[0278] For example, in a communication system, a transmitter encodes information into a signal that is passed through a communication channel to a receiver. For example, the sentence "The time is 12 o'clock" might be a message spoken into a telephone. The telephone transmitter can then convert the sound into a voltage signal. This signal is transmitted through wires to the receiving telephone, where it is converted back into sound.

[0279] Signals can be thought of as either "discrete" or "continuous". Discrete-time signals are often referred to as time series in other fields. Continuous-time signals are often referred to as continuous signals, even if the signal function is not continuous, such as a square wave.

[0280] Another classification is between "discrete-valued" and "continuous-valued" signals. Particularly in digital signal processing, a digital signal is sometimes defined as a sequence of discrete values ​​that may or may not be derived from an underlying continuous-valued physical process. In other cases, a digital signal is defined as a continuous-time waveform signal in a digital system that represents a stream of bits. In the first case, a signal produced by a digital modulation method can be considered as converted to an analog signal, while in the second case it can be considered as a digital signal.

[0281] A "socket" generally refers to a device that something can fit into in order to electrically and / or physically connect another electrical device to an electrical circuit.

[0282] "Stop tail lights" or "STT lights" generally refer to lights that meet current legal and / or regulatory requirements for trucks or trailers, such as illuminated area, candela meters, etc. These regulations include, for example, Title 49 of the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Section 571.108, also known as Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 108.

[0283] A "switch" or "switch device" generally refers to an electrical component that can open an electrical circuit. A switch can interrupt the flow of current in a circuit and / or divert current from a conductor electrically coupled to one circuit to a conductor electrically coupled to another separate circuit. The mechanism of a switch can be operated directly by a human operator (e.g., turning on a light switch, pressing a keyboard button, or breaking a beam of light by moving a hand), by moving an object near or relative to another object, such as a door switch, or by a sensor detecting a change in a sensed parameter, such as pressure, temperature, magnetic or electric field strength, etc.

[0284] A switch may transfer electrical current from one conductor to another by any suitable means, such as by physically moving a switching element that contacts one conductor electrically coupled to a first circuit, directly contacting a different conductor electrically coupled to a second circuit. This may occur by physical mechanical means (e.g., one or more metal contacts moving within a switch, relay, or contactor) or by temporarily interrupting and / or diverting electrical current by changing the electrical properties of a material (e.g., a semiconductor material). For example, a transistor may operate as a switch, diverting current, when a voltage or current applied to one pair of the transistor's terminals changes the current through the other pair of terminals.

[0285] "Rear position lamps" or "tail lamps" generally refer to the rear-mounted lamps of a vehicle, which are generally configured to emit red light. The tail lamps are typically configured to be enabled when the front position lamps are illuminated or the headlights are on. The rear position lamps may be combined with the vehicle's stop lamps or may be separate from them. In a combined function installation, the lamps produce a brighter red light for the stop lamp function and a dimmer red light for the rear position lamp function. As used herein, the term generally refers to the tail lamps of a truck or trailer that meet current legal and / or regulatory requirements, such as luminous area, candela meters, etc. Such regulations include, for example, Title 49 of the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Section 571.108, also known as Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 108.

[0286] "Temperature sensor" generally refers to a device configured to sense temperature. Examples include thermocouples, resistance temperature detectors, thermistors, thermometers, semiconductors, and infrared sensors.

[0287] "Terminal" generally refers to a plug, receptacle, or other connection (male, female, hybrid, hermaphroditic, or other) used to mechanically and electrically connect two or more wires or other conductors.

[0288] A "trailer" is generally a vehicle without an engine, usually in the form of a flatbed frame or container, which is pulled by another vehicle.

[0289] "Transceiver" generally refers to a device that performs both transmit and receive functions. Examples include wireless communication devices, such as cellular phones, cordless phones, handheld two-way radios, mobile two-way radios, and in the context of computer network hardware, such as in devices configured to transmit and receive data packets. In another example, the term refers to a transmitter / receiver device in a cable or fiber optic system.

[0290] "Truck" generally refers to a powered truck (also called a tractor or cab) used to pull a trailer.

[0291] "Turn signal lights" generally refer to lights mounted on a vehicle or trailer that, when activated, warn of a change in direction of travel. Sometimes referred to as "direction indicators" or "direction signals," or as "directors," "flasher," "indicator," or "flashers" - turn signal flashing lights mounted near the left and right front and rear corners of a vehicle or trailer. As used herein, the term generally refers to turn signal lights that meet current legal and / or regulatory requirements for trucks or trailers, such as illuminated area, candela meters, etc. Such regulations include, for example, Title 49 of the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Section 571.108, also known as Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 108.

[0292] A "unitary molded structure" generally refers to a structure that is formed as a single or unified entity.

[0293] "Vehicle" means generally a self-propelled or towed device used for transportation, including, but not limited to, automobiles, trucks, buses, boats, tanks or other military vehicles, aircraft, truck trailers, truck cabs, boat trailers, other trailers, emergency vehicles, and motorcycles.

[0294] Reference numerals list

[0295] 100 Adapter Kit

[0296] 105 Trailer Parts Socket

[0297] 110 Adapter

[0298] 115 Trailer Parts

[0299] 120 Adapter input terminal

[0300] 125 Trailer socket terminal

[0301] 130 Adapter output terminal

[0302] 135 Trailer component input terminal

[0303] 140 Adapter mode selection terminal

[0304] 145 Component mode selection terminal

[0305] 150 Component Control Logic

[0306] 155 Adapter Circuit

[0307] 160 Trailer

[0308] 200 Adapter Kit

[0309] 201 Adapter

[0310] 202 Trailer Parts Socket

[0311] 205 Power input terminal

[0312] 210 Ground terminal

[0313] 215 Control Input

[0314] 220 Optional second control input

[0315] 225 socket power output

[0316] 230 socket grounding

[0317] 235 socket control output

[0318] 240 Optional second socket control output

[0319] 245 Trailer power circuit

[0320] 250 Trailer ground circuit

[0321] 255 Trailer Control Cable

[0322] 260 Optional Second Trailer Control Cable

[0323] 300 Adapter Kit

[0324] 301 Adapter

[0325] 305 Power output terminal

[0326] 310 Ground output terminal

[0327] 315 component power terminal

[0328] 320 Component ground terminal

[0329] 330 Mode selector

[0330] 335 Adapter control output

[0331] 340 Optional second control output

[0332] 345 Component Control Input

[0333] 350 Optional additional control inputs

[0334] 355 control terminal

[0335] 400 Adapter Kit

[0336] 401 Adapter

[0337] 405 Mode Selector

[0338] 410 Double switch

[0339] 500 Adapter Kit

[0340] 501 Adapter

[0341] 505 Mode Selector

[0342] 510 Housing

[0343] 515 Programming Interface

[0344] 520 Communication Link

[0345] 525 Remote computing device

[0346] 530 Memory

[0347] 535 Programming input terminal

[0348] 600 Adapter Circuit

[0349] 605 Adapter mode selection terminal

[0350] 610 Adapter mode selection terminal

[0351] 615 Adapter mode selection terminal

[0352] 620 Adapter mode selection terminal

[0353] 700 Adapter Circuit

[0354] 702 Power Path

[0355] 705 Ground Path

[0356] 800 Adapter Circuit

[0357] 802 Power Path

[0358] 805 Ground Path

[0359] 900 Adapter Circuit

[0360] 902 Power Path

[0361] 1000 Adapter Circuit

[0362] 1002 Power Path

[0363] 1005 Ground Path

[0364] 1100 Adapter Kit

[0365] 1101 Adapter

[0366] 1105 Communication Interface

[0367] 1110 Memory

[0368] 1115 Mode selector

[0369] 1200 Adapter Kit

[0370] 1201 Adapter

[0371] 1205 Nose Box Terminals

[0372] 1210 Ground terminal

[0373] 1215 Main control circuit

[0374] 1220 Nose Box

[0375] 1225 Control Command

[0376] 1230 Trailer Wiring

[0377] 1235 Slave Control Circuit

[0378] 1240 Address

[0379] 1245 Address

[0380] 1250 Truck Terminals

[0381] 1255 Control Input

[0382] 1260 Mode

[0383] 1265 Output Terminals

[0384] 1270 Trailer Parts

[0385] 1275 Truck

[0386] 1300 Adapter Kit

[0387] 1305 CAN Master Controller

[0388] 1310 Main control circuit

[0389] 1315 CAN high-position communication cable

[0390] 1320 CAN low level communication cable

[0391] 1325 CAN Protocol

[0392] 1335 Slave Control Circuit

[0393] 1345 Adapter

[0394] 1350 Trailer Parts

[0395] 1355 Slave CAN Controller

[0396] 1400 Adapter Kit

[0397] 1405 LIN Master Controller

[0398] 1410 Main control circuit

[0399] 1415 LIN communication cable

[0400] 1425 LIN Protocol

[0401] 1435 Slave Control Circuit

[0402] 1445 Adapter

[0403] 1455 LIN slave controller

[0404] 1460 Trailer Parts

[0405] 1500 Trailer Parts

[0406] 1502 (one or more) lamps

[0407] 1505 Sensor

[0408] 1507 Braking System

[0409] 1509 Camera

[0410] 1512 Refrigeration System

[0411] 1513 Driving Lights

[0412] 1515 Internal lighting

[0413] 1516 Clearance Lights

[0414] 1517 Spare Light

[0415] 1519 (One or more) license plate lights

[0416] 1521 Stop Light

[0417] 1523 Tail Light

[0418] 1525 Right Turn Signal

[0419] 1527 Left Turn Signal

[0420] 1528 Parking-Tail Turn Signal

[0421] 1529 Temperature Sensor

[0422] 1531 Door Sensor

[0423] 1533 Cargo Sensor

[0424] 1535 Humidity Sensor

[0425] 1537 Fuel tank level sensor

[0426] 1539 Proximity Sensor

[0427] 1541 Tire Pressure Sensor

[0428] 1543 Anti-lock Braking (ABS) Controller

[0429] 1547 Pressure Sensor

[0430] 1548 ABS lamp

[0431] 1549 Temperature Sensor

[0432] 1551 Controller

[0433] 1553 Refrigerant Level

[0434] 1555 Backup Camera

[0435] 1557 Side Camera

Claims

1. An adapter positionable between a trailer component and a trailer component receptacle, the adapter comprising: a power terminal electrically configured to electrically connect a power terminal of the trailer component to a power circuit of the trailer; a ground terminal configured to electrically connect a ground terminal of a trailer component to a ground circuit of the trailer; a control line terminal configured to electrically connect at least one control input of the trailer component to at least one control cable of the trailer, at least two mode selection output terminals configured to provide a mode selection to the trailer component, wherein the at least two mode selection output terminals are configured to be electrically connected to corresponding at least two mode selection input terminals of the trailer component; and an adapter circuit including a mode selection circuit configured to provide a mode selection output signal to the trailer component by electrically connecting each of the at least two mode selection output terminals to the power circuit or to the ground circuit; Wherein the trailer component includes control logic configured to enable and disable the trailer component based on mode selection.

2. The adapter according to claim 1, comprising: At least two two-position switches; Wherein, the on-off switch is configured to provide mode selection by selectively connecting each of the at least two mode selection output terminals to the power terminal or the ground terminal.

3. The adapter according to claim 2, comprising: A housing, wherein the at least two on-off switches extend outside the housing.

4. The adapter according to claim 1 or 2, comprising: a wireless receiver configured to receive the mode selection from a remote computing device; as well as A memory is configured to store the mode selection.

5. The adapter according to claim 1 or 2, comprising: a programming input terminal configured to accept the mode selection as input provided using a programming cable coupled to a remote computing device; as well as A memory is configured to store the mode selection.

6. The adapter according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising the trailer component, wherein: The control logic of the trailer components includes: a slave control circuit electrically connected to the power terminal, the ground terminal and at least one control line terminal, and wherein the slave control circuit is configured to receive a control command sent by the master control circuit; Wherein the slave control circuit is configured to enable the trailer component when the master control circuit sends a control command matching the mode selection provided by the adapter circuit.

7. The adapter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The trailer component is a light, and wherein the mode selection is a braking mode.

8. The adapter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The trailer component is a rear facing camera, and wherein the mode selection is a reverse mode.

9. The adapter according to claim 4, wherein: The power terminals, the ground terminals, and at least one control line terminal are electrically connected to a main control circuit mounted in a trailer nose box of the trailer, wherein the main control circuit is configured to accept control inputs from a truck tractor, and wherein the main control circuit is configured to generate component control commands specific to the trailer component and deliver the component control commands to the trailer component using at least one communication cable connection electrically connected to the at least one control line terminal.

10. The adapter according to claim 1 or 2, in, The at least one control cable of the trailer includes a first control cable and a second control cable, wherein the first control cable and the second control cable are electrically connected to a main control area network (CAN) controller, wherein the trailer component includes a slave control area network controller electrically connected to the first control cable and the second control cable; and The master control area network controller and the slave control area network controller communicate using a control area network protocol.

11. The adapter according to claim 1 or 2, include: wherein said at least one control cable of said trailer comprises a single control cable; wherein the single control cable is electrically connected to a master local interconnect network (LIN) controller; wherein the trailer component includes a slave local interconnect network controller electrically connected to the single control cable; and The master local internet network controller and the slave local internet network controller communicate using a local internet protocol.

12. The adapter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The trailer component is any one of a vehicle parking tail turn signal lamp, a vehicle turn signal lamp, a vehicle brake lamp, a vehicle tail lamp, a vehicle running lamp, a vehicle anti-lock brake, a vehicle interior lamp or a vehicle reversing lamp.

13. The adapter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The trailer component is an anti-lock brake system controller, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a door sensor, a cargo sensor, a cargo length sensor, a liquid level sensor, or a refrigeration sensor.

14. The adapter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The adapter is configured and arranged to be located within a trailer component receptacle of the trailer and between respective power, ground and control terminals of the trailer component and the trailer component receptacle.

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