Intelligent window opening linkage control device and control method applicable to passive buildings

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent linkage control of windows in passive buildings, and particularly relates to an intelligent window-opening linkage control device and a control method applicable to passive buildings. The device includes a monitoring module, a control module, and a driving module; the monitoring module includes a window sensor monitoring sub-module and an indoor sensor monitoring sub-module. The window sensor monitoring sub-module is installed on the inner wall near the top of the window frame; the indoor sensor monitoring sub-module is installed at a certain distance from the ground indoors; the control module is installed on the inner wall above the window and includes a housing, a central controller, a memory, and an internal power supply arranged inside the housing; the driving module is fixedly connected to the window frame. On the one hand, the present invention finely controls the opening degree of the window according to the comfort requirements of the indoor thermal environment, and on the other hand, realizes the intelligent linkage between the window and the fresh air system to ensure the comfort of the indoor environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent linkage control of windows of passive buildings, and in particular relates to an intelligent window opening linkage control device and a control method suitable for passive buildings. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, energy conservation and sustainable development of buildings have become important issues of global concern. Based on this, passive ultra-low energy consumption and near-zero energy consumption buildings with high thermal insulation and high air tightness have achieved rapid development. Due to its high air tightness construction characteristics and strict requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction, it is necessary to make full use of natural ventilation to regulate and control the indoor thermal environment, while ensuring the linkage control of windows and fresh air systems. However, it is difficult to achieve intelligent control of window opening in existing passive buildings, and the intelligent linkage with the fresh air system is insufficient, which urgently needs new technical methods to support it.

[0003] The current technology has the following two drawbacks:

[0004] 1. Currently, windows still rely on manual adjustment of opening and closing and window opening area, or automatic control based on a single condition (indoor and outdoor temperature difference or enthalpy difference), which will lead to problems such as untimely adjustment and frequent opening and closing of equipment.

[0005] 2. For passive buildings, their high air tightness determines that effective air replacement is necessary. However, the existing window adjustment control is independent and often lacks linkage with the fresh air system, which greatly affects the indoor thermal environment adjustment and air quality improvement. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above defects existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes an intelligent window opening linkage control device and control method suitable for passive buildings. On the one hand, the window opening is finely controlled according to the comfort requirements of the indoor thermal environment. On the other hand, the intelligent linkage between the window and the fresh air system is realized to ensure the comfort of the indoor environment.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides an intelligent window opening linkage control device suitable for passive buildings, comprising:

[0009] The monitoring module includes two parts: a window sensor monitoring submodule and an indoor sensor monitoring submodule. The window sensor monitoring submodule is installed on the inner wall near the top of the window frame to monitor the temperature, humidity, wind speed and window opening and closing distance of the indoor air entering from the window; the indoor sensor monitoring submodule is installed at a certain distance from the ground indoors to monitor the temperature, humidity and wind speed of the indoor air;

[0010] A control module is installed on the inner wall above the window, and includes a housing and a central controller, a memory, and an internal power supply arranged inside the housing. The central controller is respectively connected to the memory, the window sensor monitoring submodule, and the indoor sensor monitoring submodule for communication. The internal power supply supplies power to the memory and the central controller.

[0011] And a driving module, the driving module is fixedly connected to the window frame and is communicatively connected to the central controller via a cable, and the central controller controls the driving module to drive the window frame to open and close.

[0012] Furthermore, the window sensor monitoring submodule includes a humidity sensor 1, a temperature sensor 1, a wind speed sensor 1 and a distance sensor; the indoor sensor monitoring submodule includes a humidity sensor 2, a temperature sensor 2 and a wind speed sensor 2.

[0013] Furthermore, the humidity sensor 1, the temperature sensor 1, the wind speed sensor 1, the humidity sensor 2, the temperature sensor 2 and the wind speed sensor 2 are all thermocouple probes; and the distance measuring sensor is a laser distance measuring sensor.

[0014] Furthermore, the humidity sensor 1, the temperature sensor 1, the wind speed sensor 1 and the distance measuring sensor all adopt wired transmission sensors; the humidity sensor 2, the temperature sensor 2 and the wind speed sensor 2 all adopt wireless transmission sensors.

[0015] Furthermore, the driving module includes a motor, a rack and a gear. The motor is installed on the inner wall near the bottom of the window frame. The rack is fixedly connected to the bottom of the window frame by bolts. The gear sleeve is fixed on the output shaft of the motor, and the gear is meshed with the rack.

[0016] The present invention also provides a control method based on the above-mentioned intelligent window opening linkage control device applicable to passive buildings, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: monitor the average temperature, humidity and wind speed of the indoor air within a certain period of time through the window sensor monitoring submodule;

[0018] Step 2, uploading the monitoring data of step 1 to the central controller, preliminarily determining whether the monitoring data is within the window opening threshold range, if the monitoring data is within the window opening threshold range, proceed to step 4, if the monitoring data is not within the window opening threshold range, proceed to step 3;

[0019] Step 3: The central controller sends a window closing signal to the drive module and activates the fresh air system;

[0020] Step 4, combining the monitoring data to obtain the initial minimum window opening;

[0021] Step 5, monitor the temperature, humidity and wind speed of the indoor air during this time period through the indoor sensor monitoring submodule, upload the monitored indoor air index to the central controller for data processing, obtain the comfort index PMV during this time period, and judge whether the comfort index PMV is within the comfort range. If it is within the comfort range, go to step 6, if not, go to step 7;

[0022] Step 6, the central controller sends a signal to the driving module to keep the window opening unchanged so as to keep the window opening area unchanged;

[0023] Step 7, the central controller reversely calculates the temperature to be controlled and the required ventilation volume;

[0024] Step 8, determining whether the required ventilation volume is within the ventilation volume range that the window can provide, if so, proceed to step 9, if not, proceed to step 3;

[0025] Step 9: The central controller reversely calculates the required window opening according to the required ventilation volume, and then sends a signal to the drive module to adjust the window opening, thereby adjusting the window opening area.

[0026] Furthermore, the step 4 combines the monitoring data to obtain the initial minimum window opening, including:

[0027] First, combine the minimum air change times n and room volume V of different types of buildings to determine the minimum room ventilation volume Q min , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0028] Q min =n·V

[0029] Then, taking the sliding window as an example, combined with the wind speed in the monitoring data and the window height H, by the formula Get the initial minimum window opening L min .

[0030] Furthermore, the comfort index PMV in step 5 is an index for evaluating the indoor thermal environment, and the expression is as follows:

[0031] PMV=f(t air ,RH,v,t r ,M,I cl )

[0032] The air temperature t air , relative humidity RH, and air velocity v are the average temperatures measured by the temperature sensor 2. Average humidity value measured by humidity sensor 2 Average wind speed measured by wind speed sensor 2 For residential and public buildings without large radiating surfaces, the average radiation temperature t r Pick Human metabolic rate M and clothing thermal resistance I cl Set by the user.

[0033] Furthermore, in step 7, the central controller reversely calculates the temperature to be controlled and the required ventilation volume, including:

[0034] First, the central controller uses the mean humidity and temperature of the indoor air in this time period as the quantitative value, and inversely infers the control temperature T from the PMV comfort range. k , the expression is as follows:

[0035] T K =f -1 (PMV,RH,v,t r ,M,I cl )

[0036] Then, the required ventilation volume Q is calculated by any of the following formulas: k :

[0037]

[0038] or Q k =G(h R -h S )

[0039] Among them, Q k is the room ventilation volume, c is the air specific heat, G is the room cooling and heating load or the load parameter range is set by the user, t air is the indoor air temperature, is the temperature of the air entering the room, h R is the specific enthalpy of indoor air, h S is the outdoor air specific enthalpy; the calculation formula for the room cooling and heating load G is as follows:

[0040] G=f(α,F,K,t n ,t wn )=f(α,F,K,T k ,t wn )

[0041] Among them, G is the room cooling and heating load, α is the comprehensive correction coefficient of the door and window enclosure structure, F is the comprehensive area of ​​the door and window enclosure structure, K is the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the door and window enclosure structure, t n is the indoor design temperature, and the value here is the controllable temperature T obtained by reverse calculation. k , t wn Design temperature for outdoor use.

[0042] Furthermore, in step 9, the central controller reversely calculates the required window opening according to the required ventilation volume, and then sends a signal to the driving module to adjust the window opening, thereby adjusting the window opening area, including:

[0043] If the required ventilation volume Q k Satisfy Q min k max , the central controller is composed of Q k Reverse calculation to get the required window opening L k , and then the drive module is sent to adjust the window opening to L k The signal is then used to adjust the window area A;

[0044] Taking the historical data of indoor temperature and humidity, wind speed parameters, and window opening area in the memory as input, the neural network machine learning method is used to learn the corresponding PMV output law, and the learning results are further fed back to correct the window opening and closing distance calculation results in the control module.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0046] 1. The present invention first utilizes the window sensor monitoring submodule to collect outdoor environmental parameters, and the central controller determines whether it is necessary to open the window according to the outdoor environmental parameters. If the window needs to be opened, the initial minimum window opening is calculated; then the required window opening is calculated according to the requirements of the indoor comfort index PMV, so as to perform refined automatic control of the window opening, which can realize the climate-adaptive indoor thermal environment pre-control and adjustment function, ensure the comfort and stability of the indoor thermal environment, and solve the shortcoming that manual window opening is difficult to quantitatively control the indoor thermal environment.

[0047] 2. When the monitored outdoor environmental parameters are not within the window opening threshold range or when the windows cannot meet the indoor air comfort requirements when fully opened or not opened, close the windows and turn on the fresh air system. By monitoring the operating boundaries of the windows and the fresh air system, the intelligent linkage of the windows and the fresh air system can be achieved, and the use of renewable energy for air conditioning can be maximized to achieve the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0049] Figure 1 ​​1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent window opening linkage control device applicable to a passive building according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an intelligent window opening linkage control device applicable to a passive building according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of a control method of an intelligent window opening linkage control device applicable to a passive building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] The meanings of the numbers in the figure are:

[0054] 1. Window sensor monitoring submodule, 101. Humidity sensor 1, 102. Temperature sensor 1, 103. Wind speed sensor 1, 104. Distance sensor, 2. Indoor sensor monitoring submodule, 201. Humidity sensor 2, 202. Temperature sensor 2, 203. Wind speed sensor 2, 3. Control module, 301. Central controller, 302. Memory, 303. Internal power supply, 4. Motor, 5. Rack, 6. Gear, 7. Window frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the intelligent window opening linkage control device applicable to passive buildings in this embodiment includes three parts: a monitoring module, a control module 3 and a driving module.

[0057] The monitoring module includes two parts: a window sensor monitoring submodule 1 and an indoor sensor monitoring submodule 2. The data collection time interval and collection duration can be set in advance through a computer or other equipment, thereby obtaining the data mean within the duration; the window sensor monitoring submodule 1 is installed on the inner wall near the top of the window frame 7, and includes a humidity sensor 101, a temperature sensor 102, a wind speed sensor 103 and a distance sensor 104, which are used to monitor the temperature and humidity, wind speed value and window opening and closing distance of the indoor air entering from the window. Preferably, the humidity sensor 101, the temperature sensor 102, the wind speed sensor 103 and the distance measuring sensor 104 are used to monitor the temperature and humidity, wind speed value and window opening and closing distance of the indoor air entering from the window. The device 102, the wind speed sensor 103 and the distance sensor 104 all use wired transmission sensors, and of course wireless transmission sensors can also be used; the indoor sensor monitoring submodule 2 is installed indoors at 1.5m from the ground, including a humidity sensor 201, a temperature sensor 202 and a wind speed sensor 203, which are used to monitor the temperature, humidity and wind speed values ​​of the indoor air. Preferably, the humidity sensor 201, the temperature sensor 202 and the wind speed sensor 203 all use wireless transmission sensors to avoid disorderly laying of indoor lines. Of course, wired transmission sensors can also be used.

[0058] In this example, the humidity sensor 101, the temperature sensor 102, the wind speed sensor 103, the humidity sensor 201, the temperature sensor 202 and the wind speed sensor 203 are all galvanic probes; the distance sensor 104 is a laser distance sensor.

[0059] The control module 3 is installed on the inner wall above the window, and includes a shell and a central controller 301, a memory 302 and an internal power supply 303 arranged inside the shell. The central controller 301 is respectively connected to the memory 302, the window sensor monitoring submodule 1 and the indoor sensor monitoring submodule 2 in communication. The internal power supply 303 supplies power to the memory 302 and the central controller 301. The internal power supply 303 also has an electric shock function, and is connected to an external 220V AC power and converts it into a low-voltage DC power for use by the control module 3. The window sensor monitoring submodule 1 transmits data information such as temperature, humidity, wind speed value and window opening and closing distance within a certain period of time to the central controller 301 for data processing. The indoor sensor monitoring submodule 2 also transmits data information such as temperature, humidity and wind speed value within a certain period of time to the central controller 301 for data processing, and stores the monitoring data in the memory 302.

[0060] like Figure 3As shown, the driving module includes a motor 4, a rack 5 and a gear 6. The motor 4 is installed on the inner wall near the bottom of the window frame 7. The rack 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the window frame 7 by bolts, and can also be connected by other forms such as welding. The gear 6 is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor 4, and the two are tightly matched. The gear 6 is meshed with the rack 5, and the motor 4 is connected to the central controller 301 through a cable communication; the central controller 301 sends a signal to the motor 4 to adjust the window opening, and the motor 4 of the driving module drives the gear 6 to rotate together, and then the rack 5 and the window frame 7 make a linear motion relative to the gear 6, and the predetermined window opening distance can be stopped.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment also proposes a control method based on the above-mentioned intelligent window opening linkage control device applicable to passive buildings, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Step S401, monitor the average value of temperature, humidity and wind speed of the indoor air in a certain period of time through the window sensor monitoring submodule 1:

[0063] Step S402, upload the monitoring data of step S401 to the central controller 301, and preliminarily determine whether the monitoring data is within the window opening threshold range; refer to GB / T51350-2019 "Technical Standards for Nearly Zero Energy Buildings", when the outdoor temperature is ≤28°C and the relative humidity is ≤70%, natural ventilation conditions are used to adjust the indoor environment of the building, which can be used as the window opening threshold or the user can set the window opening parameter range by himself; if the monitoring data is within the window opening threshold range, go to step S404, if the monitoring data is not within the window opening threshold range, go to step S403.

[0064] In step S403, the central controller 301 sends a window closing signal to the driving module and activates the fresh air system.

[0065] Step S404, combining the monitoring data to obtain the initial minimum window opening, specifically includes:

[0066] First, combine the minimum air change times n and room volume V of different types of buildings in the standard to determine the minimum ventilation volume Q of the room. min , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0067] Q min =n·V

[0068] Then, taking the sliding window as an example, combined with the wind speed in the monitoring data and the window height H, by the formula Get the initial minimum window opening L min .

[0069] Step S405, monitor the temperature, humidity and wind speed average of the indoor air during this time period through the indoor sensor monitoring submodule 2, upload the monitored indoor air indicators to the central controller 301 for data processing, obtain the comfort indicator PMV during this time period, and determine whether the comfort indicator PMV is within the comfort range, and set the PMV indicator comfort range to -1 to 1; if it is within the comfort range, go to step S406, if not within the comfort range, go to step S407.

[0070] The PMV index is currently the most commonly used index for evaluating indoor thermal environment. It is mainly affected by six factors: air temperature t air , relative humidity RH, air velocity v, mean radiation temperature t r , human metabolic rate M and clothing thermal resistance I cl , and its values ​​"-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3" correspond to the thermal sensations of "cold, cool, slightly cool, moderate, slightly warm, warm, hot" respectively. The expression of PMV index is as follows:

[0071] PMV=f(t air ,RH,v,t r ,M,I cl )

[0072] The air temperature t air , relative humidity RH, and air velocity v are the average temperatures measured by the temperature sensor 202. Humidity sensor 201 measured the average humidity The average wind speed measured by wind speed sensor 203 For residential and public buildings without large radiating surfaces, the average radiation temperature t r The average temperature measured by the temperature sensor 202 can be taken Human metabolic rate M and clothing thermal resistance I cl Set by the user.

[0073] Step S406: the central controller 301 sends a signal to the drive module to maintain the window opening L. min The unchanged signal keeps the window area A unchanged.

[0074] In step S407, the central controller 301 reversely calculates the temperature to be controlled and the required ventilation volume, which is specifically:

[0075] First, the central controller 301 uses the mean humidity and temperature of the indoor air in this time period as the quantitative value, and infers the control temperature T according to the PMV comfort range. k , the expression is as follows:

[0076] T K=f -1 (PMV,RH,v,t r ,M,I cl )

[0077] Then, the required ventilation volume Q is calculated by any of the following formulas: k :

[0078]

[0079] or Q k =G(h R -h S )

[0080] Among them, Q k is the room ventilation volume, c is the air specific heat, G is the room cooling and heating load or the load parameter range is set by the user, t air is the indoor air temperature, is the temperature of the air entering the room, h R is the specific enthalpy of indoor air, h S is the outdoor air specific enthalpy; the calculation formula for the room cooling and heating load G is as follows:

[0081] G=f(α,F,K,t n ,t wn )=f(α,F,K,T k ,t wn )

[0082] Among them, G is the room cooling and heating load, α is the comprehensive correction coefficient of the enclosure structure such as doors and windows, F is the comprehensive area of ​​the enclosure structure such as doors and windows, K is the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the enclosure structure such as doors and windows, t n is the indoor design temperature, and the value here is the controllable temperature T obtained by reverse calculation. k , t wn is the outdoor design temperature. Refer to GB50736-2012 "Design Code for Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning of Civil Buildings". For a specific building, in addition to T k All other parameters except the above are fixed values, so the cooling and heating load G is converted to T k The single factor function further obtains the required ventilation volume Q k .

[0083] Step S408, determine the required ventilation volume Q k Is it within the ventilation range that the window can provide? If so, go to step S409; if not, go to step S403, indicating that whether the window is fully opened or not can not meet the purpose of regulating the indoor environment, then close the window and turn on the fresh air system for ventilation to achieve the indoor comfort index.

[0084] Step S409, if the required ventilation volume Q k Satisfy Q min k max , the central controller 301 is composed of Q k Reverse calculation to get the required window opening L k , and then the drive module is sent to adjust the window opening to L k The signal is used to adjust the window opening area A to achieve the purpose of regulating the ventilation volume.

[0085] This embodiment uses the historical data of indoor temperature and humidity, wind speed parameters, window opening area, etc. in the memory 302 as input, and adopts machine learning methods such as neural networks to learn the corresponding PMV output rules, and further feeds back the calculation results such as window opening and closing distance in the correction control module based on the learning results. When correcting the influence of different parameters on PMV calculation, if RH is between 75% and 85%, the temperature measurement value is increased by 0.5°C; if RH is above 85%, the temperature measurement value is increased by 1°C, and then the revised temperature and humidity parameters are used to calculate the corresponding PMV value.

[0086] The present invention can perform refined automatic control of the window opening according to indoor comfort requirements, and can also realize intelligent linkage between the window and the fresh air system, thereby maximally utilizing renewable energy to adjust the indoor thermal environment.

[0087] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.​​

Claims

1. A control method for an intelligent window opening linkage control device suitable for a passive building, the control device comprising a monitoring module, a control module and a driving module; the monitoring module comprises a window sensor monitoring submodule and an indoor sensor monitoring submodule, the window sensor monitoring submodule is installed on the inner wall near the top of the window frame to monitor the temperature, humidity, wind speed and window opening and closing distance of the indoor air entering from the window; the indoor sensor monitoring submodule is installed at a certain distance from the ground indoors to monitor the temperature, humidity and wind speed of the indoor air; the control module is installed on the inner wall above the window, comprising a shell and a central controller, a memory and an internal power supply arranged inside the shell, the central controller is respectively connected to the memory, the window sensor monitoring submodule and the indoor sensor monitoring submodule in communication, and the internal power supply supplies power to the memory and the central controller; the driving module is fixedly connected to the window frame and connected to the central controller in communication through a cable, and the central controller controls the driving module to drive the window frame to open and close; It is characterized in that The control method comprises the following steps: Step 1: monitor the average temperature, humidity and wind speed of the indoor air within a certain period of time through the window sensor monitoring submodule; Step 2, uploading the monitoring data of step 1 to the central controller, preliminarily determining whether the monitoring data is within the window opening threshold range, if the monitoring data is within the window opening threshold range, proceed to step 4, if the monitoring data is not within the window opening threshold range, proceed to step 3; Step 3: The central controller sends a window closing signal to the drive module and activates the fresh air system; Step 4, combining the monitoring data to obtain the initial minimum window opening; Step 5, monitor the temperature, humidity and wind speed of the indoor air during this time period through the indoor sensor monitoring submodule, upload the monitored indoor air index to the central controller for data processing, obtain the comfort index PMV during this time period, and judge whether the comfort index PMV is within the comfort range. If it is within the comfort range, go to step 6, if not, go to step 7; Step 6, the central controller sends a signal to the driving module to keep the window opening unchanged so as to keep the window opening area unchanged; Step 7, the central controller reversely calculates the temperature to be controlled and the required ventilation volume; Step 8, determining whether the required ventilation volume is within the ventilation volume range that the window can provide, if so, proceed to step 9, if not, proceed to step 3; Step 9: The central controller reversely calculates the required window opening according to the required ventilation volume, and then sends a signal to the drive module to adjust the window opening, thereby adjusting the window opening area.

2. The control method of the intelligent window opening linkage control device applicable to passive buildings according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The window sensor monitoring submodule includes a humidity sensor 1, a temperature sensor 1, a wind speed sensor 1 and a distance sensor; the indoor sensor monitoring submodule includes a humidity sensor 2, a temperature sensor 2 and a wind speed sensor 2.

3. The control method of the intelligent window opening linkage control device applicable to passive buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, the first humidity sensor, the first temperature sensor, the first wind speed sensor, the second humidity sensor, the second temperature sensor and the second wind speed sensor are all thermocouple probes; the ranging sensor is a laser ranging sensor.

4. The control method of the intelligent window opening linkage control device applicable to passive buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, the first humidity sensor, the first temperature sensor, the first wind speed sensor and the ranging sensor all adopt wired transmission sensors; the second humidity sensor, the second temperature sensor and the second wind speed sensor all adopt wireless transmission sensors.

5. The control method of the intelligent window opening linkage control device applicable to passive buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, the driving module includes a motor, a rack and a gear. The motor is installed on the inner wall close to the bottom of the window frame. The rack is fixedly connected to the bottom of the window frame by bolts. The gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor, and the gear meshes with the rack.

6. The control method of the intelligent window opening linkage control device applicable to passive buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, the initial minimum window opening obtained by combining the monitoring data in step 4 includes: First, determine the minimum ventilation rate Q of the room by combining the minimum air change rate n of different types of buildings and the room volume V min , and the calculation formula is as follows: Q min = n·V Then, taking the horizontal sliding window as an example, combined with the wind speed in the monitoring data and the window height H, from the formula the initial minimum opening degree L of the window is obtained min .

7. The control method of the intelligent window opening linkage control device applicable to passive buildings according to claim 6, characterized in that, the comfort index PMV in step 5 is an index for evaluating the indoor thermal environment, and the expression is as follows: PMV = f(t air , RH, v, t r , M, I cl ) Among them, the air temperature t air , the relative humidity RH, and the air velocity v are respectively the average temperature measured by the second temperature sensor , the average humidity measured by the second humidity sensor , and the average wind speed measured by the second wind speed sensor For residential and public buildings without large radiant surfaces, the mean radiant temperature t r is taken as The human body metabolic rate M and the clothing thermal resistance I cl are set by the user himself / herself.

8. The control method of the intelligent window opening linkage control device applicable to passive buildings according to claim 7, characterized in that, the central controller's reverse derivation of the temperature to be controlled and the required ventilation volume in step 7 includes: First, the central controller uses the average humidity and average temperature of the indoor air during this time period as fixed quantities, and inversely calculates the temperature T to be controlled from the PMV comfort range. k The expression is as follows: T K = f -1 (PMV, RH, v, t r , M, I cl ) Then, the required ventilation volume Q is obtained by any of the following formulas k :[[]]END]] Or Q k = G(h R - h S ) Among them, Q k is the room ventilation rate, c is the specific heat of air, G is the room heating and cooling load or the load parameter range set by the user himself, t air is the temperature of the indoor air, is the temperature of the air entering the room, h R is the specific enthalpy of the indoor air, h S is the specific enthalpy of the outdoor air; The calculation formula for the room heating and cooling load G is as follows: G = f(α, F, K, t n , t wn ) = f(α, F, K, T k , t wn ) Among them, G is the cooling and heating load of the room, α is the comprehensive correction coefficient of the door and window envelope structure, F is the comprehensive area of the door and window envelope structure, K is the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the door and window envelope structure, t n is the indoor design temperature, which is taken as the temperature T to be controlled obtained by back-calculation here k , t wn is the outdoor design temperature.

9. The control method of the intelligent window opening linkage control device applicable to passive buildings according to claim 8, characterized in that, the central controller in step 9 reversely derives the required window opening according to the required ventilation volume, and then sends a signal to the driving module to adjust the window opening, and then adjusts the window opening area, including: If the required ventilation volume Q k Satisfy Q min k max , the central controller is composed of Q k Reverse calculation to get the required window opening L k , and then the drive module is sent to adjust the window opening to L k The signal is then used to adjust the window area A;​​ Taking the indoor temperature and humidity, wind speed parameters, and historical data of the window opening area in the memory as inputs, using the neural network machine learning method to learn the PMV output law corresponding to them, and further feedback and correct the calculation result of the window switch distance in the control module by the learning result.

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