A method of controlling automatic composition of a bill of quantities for a construction project

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of computer application, and in particular to a method for controlling automatic composition of construction engineering bill of quantities. From the value theory and engineering price composition, combined with design specification and construction technology, a maximum theory set of project characteristics and project characteristic values is established, and a complete project characteristic and characteristic value standard database is formed. Secondly, according to the project characteristic and characteristic value standard database, the existing quota database is matched to form a complete project characteristic (value)-quota subgoal association database. The problem of inaccurate control price and bid price caused by incomplete description of project characteristics and project characteristic values in the engineering bidding practice and quota subgoal error is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of computer application technology, and specifically to a method for controlling the automatic pricing of bills of quantities in construction engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Current technology uses the project characteristics specified in the appendix of the "Code for Calculation of Bill of Quantities" and combines them with the actual situation of the proposed project, allowing cost estimators to determine the descriptions of the bill of quantities items themselves. The code for calculation of bill of quantities does not have standardized requirements for the completeness of project characteristics, leading to problems in engineering practice such as inconsistent descriptions of bill of quantities items and inaccurate reflection of the constituent elements of the items due to differing understandings among cost estimators. Typical examples include the continuous occurrence of missing, omitted, and duplicate project characteristics (values), resulting in inconsistent quota items applied to the same sub-item. This causes discrepancies in the understanding of project prices between the tendering party and the bidding party, leading to back-to-back pricing and resulting in a significant waste of social, time, and economic costs.

[0003] The descriptions of bill of quantities (BOQ) items and their characteristic values ​​are the basis for distinguishing BOQ items, the prerequisite for determining the comprehensive unit price, and the foundation for fulfilling contractual obligations. Currently, in engineering practice, inaccurate descriptions of BOQ items in tender documents are common, leading to missing or incomplete bids, inability to reasonably assess bid prices during the evaluation process, and widespread price claims and contract disputes arising from inaccurate descriptions of BOQ items during the project implementation and settlement phases. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an automatic pricing system for building engineering BOQs to solve the problem of chaotic pricing in building engineering bidding and to facilitate operation and use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem of inaccurate project prices caused by non-standard bidding documents in current construction projects, this invention aims to solve the problem of inaccurate control prices and bid quotations caused by incomplete descriptions of project characteristics and feature values ​​in the bill of quantities in bidding documents and errors in the application of quota items. It provides an identification system that can automatically check the completeness and accuracy of the bill of quantities for construction projects, complete automatic pricing, and reduce settlement disputes during the project bidding and implementation stages.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this invention is as follows:

[0006] This invention, starting from value theory and engineering price composition, and combining design specifications and construction technology, establishes a set of theories for maximizing project characteristics and project characteristic values, forming a complete standard database of project characteristics and characteristic values. Based on this standard database, it matches existing quota databases to form a complete association database of project characteristics (values) and quota sub-items. Using the project characteristic description information in existing bidding documents, combined with the system's complete project characteristic database, it achieves maximum retrieval and intelligent matching of complete / incomplete project characteristic (value) information, identifies missing information in the project characteristic (value) descriptions, supplements the project characteristics and characteristic values ​​in the bidding bill of quantities, accurately extracts the quota sub-items for each sub-item of the project, and guides bidders or tenderers to quickly and accurately prepare bidding / tender quotation documents.

[0007] The specific method for automatically pricing the bill of quantities for construction projects as described in this invention is as follows:

[0008] 1) Importing the Project List File: The tender document list is imported into the computer system. The system collects the project codes involved in each line of the project list file, extracts the first 9 digits from the 12-digit project code field to obtain the project feature code. Based on this, the system reads the project feature description text corresponding to the project feature code in the tender document into a feature array. One element in the array corresponds to a line of text in the project feature description in the database, and the system queries the database to obtain the rule row corresponding to this element. This process is repeated to obtain the rule rows corresponding to the elements involved in the project feature code. At the same time, the system intelligently compares and analyzes the completeness and standardization of the project feature description and project feature values ​​in the tender document list. If feature values ​​are missing, they are manually added.

[0009] 2) Generate Feature Value Recognition String: Using the feature names in the rule row, determine the elements that appear in the feature array. Use the feature value keyword string in the row to judge; if the keyword appears in the element, add the keyword to the end of the feature value recognition string and skip the remaining keywords; otherwise, judge the next keyword. Repeat the same operation for each item name in the row. One rule row yields one feature value recognition string.

[0010] 3) Query the sub-item quota number: Based on the project feature code and feature value identification string, the sub-item quota number is retrieved from the database.

[0011] 4) Output Results: Summarize and output all sub-item quota numbers and names to generate a bill of quantities with quota sub-items. This bill of quantities is automatically read by the pricing software, thus achieving fast and accurate pricing of the bill of quantities.

[0012] The core content of the basic database of this invention is as follows:

[0013] The basic database consists of the following main components: project code, project name, unit of measurement, project characteristic description (NAME1~n), project characteristic value (VALUE1-n), quota number, quota name, expanded calculation unit, an additional column (characteristic value identification string), and extracted rows (rule rows, retrieval string set).

[0014] The principles for establishing the basic database are as follows: Under the premise of meeting the national standardized naming requirements for project codes, project names, and units of measurement, and based on value theory and the composition of engineering prices, and in accordance with the "Construction Engineering Quantity List Pricing Specification" GB50500-2013, current construction engineering quotas, and combined with design specifications and construction techniques, a complete set of project feature descriptions and values ​​is formed through exhaustive searching within the range 1 to n using project feature descriptions (NAME1~n) and project feature values ​​(VALUE1-n). Simulating human brain activity through a decision tree approach, the correct and unique path from project features to quota sub-items (quota codes) is solidified in an Excel file (the core). There is a one-to-one correspondence between project feature descriptions (NAME1~n) and project feature values ​​(VALUE1-n), corresponding to the sub-item quota number. The completeness of the database content enables the assignment and description of all features of every work content included in existing construction projects without omission.

[0015] Database reading principles: During the database establishment process, custom entry rules are used to extract, concatenate, skip, segment, and merge the listed project feature descriptions and feature values. This ensures the standardization and normalization of data information in the database, while forming effective and searchable standardized information that can be recognized by customized software languages. This includes adding a column (feature value recognition string) and extracting rows (rule rows, retrieval string set). For details, please refer to the list and description of the implementation examples.

[0016] Numeric segmentation processing principles: Case 1: Multiple segments with left-open and right-closed segments. For example, 3 segments (≤20m, >20m≤40m, >40m≤60m), then the feature value extracted in the row extraction operation is (60,40,20), and in the column addition operation, (≤20m) is simplified to 20, (>20m≤40m) is simplified to 40, and (>40m≤60m) is simplified to 60; Case 2: Multiple segments with right-open segments. For example, if a segment (>60m) is added in Case 1, then the feature value extracted in the row extraction operation is (>60,60,40,20), and in the column addition operation, (>60m) is simplified to (>60); Case 3: Two segments. For example, ≤20m and >20m, then the feature value extracted is (>20,20).

[0017] This invention is primarily applied in the project bidding stage. Based on an established database, it extracts feature values ​​by importing the tender document list, searching the computer, and comparing it with the database. It then accurately applies the corresponding quota sub-item for each item, finds the corresponding sub-item quota number, and uses pricing software to read and complete an accurate quotation. The aim is to assist both the tendering party and the bidding party in completing the description of project features (values) in the tender bill of quantities and to ensure the accuracy of the unit price for each item.

[0018] Advantages of this invention: By importing the bidding project list, the system automatically collects project feature codes, generates feature value identification strings, queries the database to obtain sub-item quota numbers, imports the list of sub-item quota numbers into the pricing software, and derives the total bidding price. During the bid evaluation stage, using this system can avoid missing or incomplete bid items and reasonably determine the bid price during the evaluation process. Furthermore, it is more accurate during the project implementation and settlement stages, avoiding price claims and contract disputes arising from inaccurate descriptions of project characteristics. This makes the entire bid evaluation process more accurate, efficient, and convenient to operate. It solves the problem of inaccurate control prices and bid prices caused by incomplete descriptions of project characteristics and feature values ​​in the bidding document's bill of quantities and errors in the application of quota sub-items in engineering bidding practice. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a network module structure diagram of the construction engineering quantity list bidding decision support system of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the automatic sub-itemization algorithm of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the feature value recognition string generation sub-algorithm module of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the automatic itemization module of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the operation of extracting rows according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 An operation illustration is added to illustrate this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To better illustrate the present invention, embodiments are provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0026] Example 1

[0027] 1. Import the following bill of quantities into the bidding decision support system for intelligent reading.

[0028]

[0029] 1. System Intelligent Analysis

[0030] The system intelligently extracts the first 9 digits (010502001) of the 12-digit project code field from the tender bill of quantities to obtain the corresponding project code in the basic database. It then reads the project feature description from the tender bill of quantities into a feature array, where each element corresponds to a line of text in the project feature description in the basic database. The system retrieves the corresponding rule row from the database; similarly, it obtains the rule rows corresponding to the elements involved in the project feature codes. Simultaneously, the system intelligently compares and analyzes the completeness and standardization of the project feature descriptions and feature values ​​in the tender document list. If any feature values ​​are missing, they are manually entered.

[0031] 2. The rule rows retrieved are shown in the table below: Rule rows are retrieved from the rule base based on the project code.

[0032]

[0033] 3. Generate feature value recognition string

[0034] Using the feature name in the rule row, determine which element in the feature array appears. Use the feature value keyword string in the row to judge. If the keyword appears in the element, add the keyword to the feature value recognition string from the end and skip the other keywords. Otherwise, judge the next keyword. Repeat the same operation for each item name in the row. One rule row can produce one feature value recognition string.

[0035] Example: Within the code range of "010502001", the system is as follows: Figure 3 The feature value recognition string generated by intelligent loop extraction is as follows:

[0036] (1) "Ready-mixed concrete C25"

[0037] (2) "Stationary pump"

[0038] (3) "Composite steel formwork with 4.6m steel support"

[0039] (4) "Plug the tie bolt hole"

[0040] 2. Identify the quota sub-item in the basic database by identifying the string through feature values.

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] (1) "Ready-mixed concrete C25" → 5-11H80210557 80210559 → Replace the cast-in-place concrete rectangular column with "Ready-mixed concrete C25".

[0044] (2) "Stationary Pump" → 5-87 → Stationary Pump for Pumping Concrete

[0045] (3) "Composite steel formwork steel support 4.6m" → 5-220+5-226 → Actual height (m) of composite steel support for cast-in-place concrete rectangular column formwork: 4.6

[0046] (4) "Tie bolt hole plugging" → 5-254R*0.3, J*0.3 → Increased cost for tie bolt hole plugging in cast-in-place concrete formwork: 0.3 for manual labor and 0.3 for mechanical work.

[0047] III. Output Results

[0048] The system intelligently follows the above steps to summarize and output all sub-item quota numbers and names, generating a bill of quantities with quota sub-items, namely the "Comprehensive Unit Price Analysis of Sub-items and Unit Price Measures," as shown in the table below:

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] The system automatically reads the project characteristics (values) of each item in the existing tender bill of quantities, checks the completeness of the project characteristic descriptions (values) in the existing documents, and generates an audit report on missing, omitted, duplicate, and incorrect items in the project characteristic descriptions of each item in the existing documents. Based on the audit report, it adjusts the completeness of the project characteristic descriptions in the existing tender bill of quantities. Through the system's project characteristic (value) matching database with quota sub-items, it can achieve one-click extraction of the correct quota sub-item for each item, generating a bill of quantities with quota sub-items. This bill of quantities is automatically read by commonly used pricing software in the construction industry, thus achieving fast and accurate pricing of the bill of quantities.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Taking the characteristics of a rock excavation and transportation project as an example, this paper explains the addition of a column (feature value identification string) and the extraction of rows (rule rows, string set for retrieval).

[0054] 1. Instructions for extracting rows:

[0055] Rule 1: Extract project feature descriptions. For example... Figure 5 The black dotted line indicates that in the first column of the project descriptions from the left, each item should be placed on a new line and entered into name0. Then, proceed to the right and enter name1, name2, and so on. Descriptions that appear multiple times should only be merged and extracted once.

[0056] Rule 2: Extract feature values. As shown in the black solid line diagram. Concatenate them sequentially, separated by Chinese commas ",". If the feature values ​​have an inclusion relationship, put the longer one first and the shorter one last, and fill them into the corresponding value0, value1, ...

[0057] Rule 3: Skip individual items. If a [item feature description] contains only a single feature value, i.e., it does not branch to the right, then skip that item feature description, as shown by the black dashed line.

[0058] Rule 4: Skip numbers. If the feature value is a segment of numbers, skip it, as shown by the solid black line.

[0059] Rule 5: Merge and save. All lines are merged and saved in one file according to the project coding order.

[0060] 2. Instructions for adding a column

[0061] Rule 1: Concatenation. Concatenate all the characteristic values ​​corresponding to the [quota number] sequentially. For example... Figure 6 The figure is indicated by black dashed lines.

[0062] Rule 2: Skip. If a [project feature description] contains only a single feature value (i.e., it does not branch to the right), then that feature value is skipped and will not be included in the concatenation. See the black solid line illustration.

[0063] Rule 3: Filename. Data with the same first 4 digits of the [Project Code] should be stored in the same sheet or file, and the sheet or file should be named using this 4-digit code.

[0064] The terms used in this application are as follows:

[0065] 1. Bill of Quantities (BQ) for tendering

[0066] The bill of quantities, including its description and tables, is prepared by the tendering party based on national standards, tender documents, design documents and actual conditions at the construction site, and is published with the tender documents for bid quotations.

[0067] 2. Priced Bill of Quantities (BQ)

[0068] The bill of quantities, including its descriptions and tables, which is priced in the tender documents that form part of the contract documents, has been corrected for any arithmetic errors (if any) and has been confirmed by the contractor.

[0069] 3. Item code

[0070] Arabic numerals are used to identify the names of the sub-items and measures in the list of works and measures.

[0071] The project code uses twelve Arabic numerals (supplementary items use eleven digits). The first to ninth digits are a unified code, where the first and second digits are the professional engineering code, the third and fourth digits are the appendix classification sequence code, the fifth and sixth digits are the sub-project sequence code, the seventh, eighth and ninth digits are the item sequence code, and the tenth, eleventh and twelfth digits are the list item name sequence code.

[0072] 4. Item Description

[0073] The essential characteristics that constitute the intrinsic value of sub-items and measures projects.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the automatic pricing of a bill of quantities for a construction project, characterized in that, This can be achieved using the following method: (1) Importing the project list file: Import the tender document list into the bidding decision support system for intelligent reading. The system intelligently extracts the first 9 digits of the 12-digit project code field in the tender document list to obtain the project code corresponding to the basic database. The project feature description in the tender document list is read into a feature array. One element in the feature array corresponds to a line of text in the project feature description in the basic database. The rule row corresponding to this element is retrieved from the basic database. Similarly, the rule rows corresponding to the elements involved in the project feature code are obtained. At the same time, the system intelligently compares and analyzes the completeness and standardization of the project feature description and project feature value in the tender document list. If a feature value is missing, it is manually added. The operation instructions for the rule row are as follows: Rule 1: Extract the project feature descriptions. In the first column of project feature descriptions from the left, each item should be on a new line and filled into name0. Then fill in name1, name2, ..., name n sequentially to the right. Descriptions that appear multiple times should only be merged and extracted once. Rule 2: Extract feature values, concatenate them sequentially, separated by Chinese commas ",". If there is an inclusion relationship between the feature values, the longer one is concatenated first, followed by the shorter one, and then filled into the corresponding value0, value1, ..., valuen. Rule 3: Skip single items. If there is only a single feature value under a certain [item feature description], that is, it does not branch to the right, then skip the feature description of that item. Rule 4: Skip numbers if the feature value is a number segment; Rule 5: Merge and save; all lines are merged and saved in one file according to the project coding order; The basic database contains the following: project code, project name, unit of measurement, project characteristic description, project characteristic value, quota number, quota name, expanded calculation units, characteristic value identification string, and rule row; The principles for establishing the basic database are as follows: Under the premise of meeting the national standardized naming requirements for project codes, project names, and units of measurement, based on value theory and the composition of engineering prices, and in accordance with the "Construction Engineering Quantity List Pricing Specification" GB50500-2013, current construction engineering quotas, and combined with design specifications and construction techniques, a complete set of project characteristic descriptions and values ​​is formed through exhaustive enumeration within the range of 1 to n. Using a decision tree approach, simulating human brain activity, the correct and unique path from project characteristics to quota sub-items is solidified in an Excel file. There is a one-to-one correspondence between project characteristic descriptions and project characteristic values, corresponding to sub-item quota numbers. The completeness of the database content enables the assignment and description of characteristics for every work item included in existing construction projects without omission. (2) Generate feature value recognition string: Use the feature name in the rule row to determine the element that appears in the feature array; use the feature value keyword string in the row to judge. If the keyword appears in the element, then string the keyword into the feature value recognition string from the end and skip the other keywords. Otherwise, judge the next keyword; repeat the same operation for each item name in the row. One rule row gets one feature value recognition string. Instructions for using feature value recognition strings in the basic database: Rule 1: Concatenate, concatenate all the [feature values] corresponding to the [quota number] in sequence; Rule 2: Skip if there is only a single feature value under a certain [project feature description], that is, it does not branch to the right, then skip that feature value and do not participate in the splicing; Rule 3: File names with the same first 4 digits of the [project code] should be stored in the same sheet or file, and the sheet or file should be named using this 4-digit code; (3) Query the sub-item quota number: Based on the project feature code and feature value identification string, query the database to obtain the sub-item quota number; (4) Output results: Summarize and output all sub-item quota numbers and names to generate a bill of quantities with quota sub-items; the bill of quantities is automatically read by the pricing software to achieve fast and accurate bill of quantities pricing.

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