Ventilation system, ventilation system and method for a fuel cell housing

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of ventilation design of fuel cells, and particularly to a ventilation system, a ventilation system and method for a fuel cell box body. The ventilation system includes an air inlet part and an air outlet part. The air inlet part is provided with an ejector, and a high-pressure air flow is introduced into the jet inlet of the ejector; an atmospheric-pressure air flow is introduced into the drainage inlet of the ejector. The drainage outlet of the ejector is communicated with the ventilation inlet. The air outlet part includes a ventilation outlet and an air outlet pipeline communicated with the ventilation outlet. By adopting an ejector structure in the ventilation system, the pressure of the ventilation system is effectively reduced and the ventilation flow rate is increased. Especially in the field of fuel cell box bodies, the energy in the air supply system of the fuel cell is utilized to drive the circulating flow of the ventilation system of the fuel cell box body, significantly reducing the pressure level of the ventilation of the fuel cell box body and increasing the ventilation flow rate of the fuel cell box body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ventilation design of fuel cells, and specifically relates to a ventilation system, a ventilation system and method for a fuel cell box body. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell stack is formed by stacking a plurality of single cell units, and its normal operation requires dry, clean and insulated environmental conditions. To ensure the working environment of the fuel cell stack, in the design, the fuel cell stack is placed in a closed box body (referred to as a fuel cell box body for short), and the requirements of waterproof, dustproof, insulation, etc. of the box body are ensured through design. During the working process of the fuel cell system, there will inevitably be a small amount of reaction gas leakage at the sealed interface of the stacking units of the fuel cell stack. If the leaked reaction gas cannot be discharged outside the fuel cell box body in time, it will accumulate in the fuel cell box body, and there will be a risk of explosion when it accumulates to a certain concentration. The fuel cell box body requires a reliable ventilation system design to dilute and discharge the leaked reaction gas outside the fuel cell box body in time.

[0003] The existing fuel cell box ventilation technologies mainly include two categories:

[0004] One is to use an electric fan or a blower as a power source to drive ambient air to flow through the fuel cell box body, dilute the reaction gas in the box body, and discharge it from the ventilation outlet. This method is simple and easy to control, and is suitable for fixed fuel cell systems; however, this method not only requires adding a power source, but also requires adding independent ventilation inlet and outlet structures; for vehicle fuel cell systems, all inlet and outlet structures need to consider requirements such as waterproof and dustproof, and there are many limited factors in the design layout and the implementation difficulty is large.

[0005] The other is to rely on the fuel cell air supply system. The fuel cell air supply system drives air circulation by an air compressor. After the air compressor inhales air, the airflow entering the fuel cell box body is adjusted through a throttle valve; thereby realizing ventilation in the box body. In actual operation, considering factors such as the quality, materials and structural strength of the fuel cell system, generally the structural pressure resistance of the fuel cell box body is relatively low (usually less than 15 kPag), while the pressure of the fuel cell air supply system needs to be adjusted greatly according to the operating conditions of the stack (for example, the low current density operating point is as low as 30 kPag, and the high current density operating point can be as high as 150 kPag). Therefore, the ventilation of the fuel cell box body not only needs to meet the requirements of the ventilation flow rate of the fuel cell system at the low current density point of the box body, but also needs to control the pressure of the stack box body at the high current density point not to be higher than the pressure resistance of the fuel cell box body. And the size range of the throttle valve that can meet the above two requirements at the same time is very narrow, and the matching difficulty is relatively large. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the technical defects and drawbacks existing in the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention provide a ventilation system, a ventilation system for a fuel cell box, and a method for overcoming the above problems or at least partially solving the above problems.

[0007] As an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a ventilation system is provided. The ventilation system includes an air inlet part and an air outlet part. An ejector is provided at the air inlet part, and a high-pressure air flow is introduced into the jet inlet of the ejector; an atmospheric pressure air flow is introduced into the drainage inlet of the ejector. The drainage outlet of the ejector is communicated with the ventilation inlet. The air outlet part includes a ventilation outlet and an air outlet pipeline communicated with the ventilation outlet.

[0008] Further, the jet inlet of the ejector is communicated with the downstream of the air compressor through a jet pipeline, the drainage inlet of the ejector is communicated with the upstream of the air compressor through a drainage pipeline, and the drainage outlet of the ejector is communicated with the ventilation inlet through an air inlet pipeline.

[0009] Further, an intercooler is provided at the downstream of the air compressor, and the jet pipeline is communicated with the downstream of the intercooler.

[0010] Further, an air filter is provided at the upstream of the air compressor, and the air outlet pipeline is communicated with the downstream of the air filter.

[0011] Further, the jet inlet is communicated with a jet throat, a drainage cavity is provided at the connection between the jet throat and the drainage inlet, and a drainage outlet is provided on one side of the drainage cavity.

[0012] Further, the drainage cavity includes a first cavity and a second cavity communicated with the first cavity. The jet throat is provided on one side of the first cavity, the drainage outlet is provided on the side of the second cavity far from the first cavity, and the diameter of the second cavity is larger than that of the first cavity.

[0013] As yet another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a ventilation system for a fuel cell box is provided, including an air supply system communicated with the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell box. An air compressor is provided in the air supply system. A ventilation inlet and a ventilation outlet are provided on the fuel cell box, and the ventilation system as described above in any item is included.

[0014] Further, the air supply system further includes an air filter and an intercooler. The air filter is provided at the upstream of the air compressor, and the intercooler is provided at the downstream of the air compressor.

[0015] As another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a ventilation method for a fuel cell box body is provided. The method includes: connecting a fuel cell stack in the fuel cell box body to an air supply system, where the air supply system includes an air compressor and an air filter connected upstream of the air compressor; providing a ventilation inlet and a ventilation outlet on the fuel cell box body; an ejector mixes the high-pressure air flow flowing out of the air compressor with the atmospheric-pressure air flow and then introduces the mixture into the ventilation inlet; and an air outlet pipeline connects the ventilation outlet to the downstream of the air filter.

[0016] Further, the step of "the ejector mixes the high-pressure air flow flowing out of the air compressor with the atmospheric-pressure air flow and then introduces the mixture into the ventilation inlet" includes:

[0017] A charge air cooler is provided downstream of the air compressor. A jet pipeline connects the jet inlet of the ejector to the downstream of the charge air cooler. A drainage pipeline connects the drainage inlet of the ejector to the downstream of the air filter. An air inlet pipeline connects the drainage outlet of the ejector to the ventilation inlet.

[0018] The embodiment of the present invention at least achieves the following technical effects:

[0019] By adopting an ejector structure in the ventilation system, the embodiment of the present invention effectively reduces the pressure of the ventilation system and increases the ventilation flow rate. Especially in the field of ventilation design of fuel cell box bodies, it can utilize the energy in the original air supply system of the fuel cell to drive the circulating flow of the ventilation system of the fuel cell box body. Without introducing additional energy drive, it can significantly reduce the pressure level of the ventilation of the fuel cell box body and increase the ventilation flow rate of the fuel cell box body. The construction operation is easy to implement and the cost is low. In addition, through the connection design of the jet pipeline, the ventilation temperature of the fuel cell box body is significantly reduced, and through the connection design of the air outlet pipeline, the risk of instantaneous backflow of tail drainage steam to the battery box body is effectively reduced.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description. And, in part, it will be obvious from the description or understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained by the structures described in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below through the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0022] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the description. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the ventilation system in the prior art solution;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a ventilation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic structural diagram of an ejector in a ventilation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Description of the drawings: 1. Air filter; 2. Air compressor; 3. Intercooler; 4. Stack; 4a. Stack air inlet; 4b. Stack air outlet; 5. Fuel cell box; 5a. Ventilation inlet; 5b. Ventilation outlet; 6. Air pressure regulating valve; 7. Induced air pipeline; 8. Throttle valve; 9. Inlet air pipeline; 10. Outlet air pipeline; 11. Ejector; 11a. Jet inlet; 11b. Drain inlet; 11c. Drain outlet; 11d. Jet throat; 11e. First cavity; 11f. Second cavity; 12. Drain pipeline; 13. Jet pipeline; 14. Tail exhaust pipeline. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] To describe in detail the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention, the following is described in conjunction with the implementation manners and accompanied by the drawings.

[0028] The drawings and the following description depict alternative embodiments of the present invention to teach those skilled in the art how to implement and reproduce the present invention. To teach the technical solution of the present invention, some conventional aspects have been simplified or omitted. Those skilled in the art should understand that variations or substitutions derived from these embodiments will fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the following features can be combined in various ways to form multiple variations of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the following alternative embodiments, but is only defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0029] Refer to Figure 1 , in the prior art, the main working process of the air supply system of the fuel cell box 5 includes: ambient air is inhaled from the inlet of the air compressor 2 through the air filter 1, and after being pressurized by the air compressor 2, cooled by the intercooler 3, humidified by the humidifier, etc., it enters the stack 4 through the stack air inlet 4a. Part of the oxygen is consumed by the electrochemical reaction of the stack, and the remaining gas is discharged from the stack 4 together with water vapor through the stack air outlet 4b, flows through components such as the air pressure regulating valve 6, and finally is discharged through the tail exhaust pipeline 14. The fuel cell therein can be a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

[0030] Comparative example

[0031] In the prior art, the system structure for realizing the ventilation of the fuel cell box body 5 by using the fuel cell air supply system mainly includes: an air extraction pipeline 7 introduces ventilation air flow from the outlet of the air compressor 2, reduces the pressure through a throttle valve 8, flows into the air inlet pipeline 9, enters the fuel cell box body 5, the ventilation air flow mixes and dilutes with the reaction gas leaked from the fuel cell stack 4 in the fuel cell box body 5, converges at the box body ventilation outlet 5b, and flows through the air outlet pipeline 10 and merges into the tail exhaust pipeline 14. In the tail exhaust pipeline 14, the out-stack ventilation air flow mixes with the reaction exhaust gas on the air side of the fuel cell and flows out of the fuel cell system.

[0032] In the above comparative example, the pressure and flow rate of the ventilation pipeline are controlled by the throttle valve 8. However, since the pressure resistance of the fuel cell box body 5 is generally low, and the pressure change of the air supply system is large, it is very difficult for the throttle valve 8 to simultaneously meet the requirements of the ventilation flow rate of the box body at the low current density point and the requirement that the pressure of the fuel cell stack box body at the high current density point does not exceed the pressure resistance of the fuel cell box body 5.

[0033] In the above comparative example, the ventilation air flow of the fuel cell box body 5 is introduced at the outlet position of the air compressor 2, and the outlet temperature of the air after being compressed by the air compressor 2 is relatively high (up to nearly 200 degrees under harsh conditions). The high-temperature air flow causes the temperature in the fuel cell box body 5 to be relatively high, seriously affecting the performance and service life of the plastic and rubber parts in the box body.

[0034] In the above comparative example, the box body ventilation air outlet pipeline 10 is connected to the tail exhaust pipeline 14. In the tail exhaust pipeline 14, the out-stack ventilation air flow mixes with the reaction exhaust gas on the air side of the fuel cell and flows out of the fuel cell system. The fuel cell air tail exhaust gas contains a large proportion of water vapor (including some liquid water); during the operation of the fuel cell system, the gas pressure in the air outlet pipeline 10, the fuel cell box body 5, the tail exhaust pipeline 14, etc. changes transiently, and the ventilation cavity volume of the fuel cell box body 5 is relatively large, and the system pressure changes slowly. In some harsh cases, the pressure in the transient ventilation cavity of the fuel cell box body 5 will be lower than the pressure in the tail exhaust pipeline 14, causing the tail exhaust gas to flow back, that is, the reaction exhaust gas and water vapor on the air side flow into the fuel cell box body 5 through the ventilation pipeline 10. When the temperature of the box body is low, the tail exhaust gaseous water condenses and accumulates in the fuel cell box body 5.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] This embodiment provides a ventilation system. Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the ventilation system includes an air inlet part and an air outlet part. The air inlet part is provided with an ejector 11, and a high-pressure air flow is introduced into the jet inlet 11a of the ejector 11; an atmospheric-pressure air flow is introduced into the drainage inlet 11b of the ejector 11, and the drainage outlet 11c of the ejector 11 is communicated with the ventilation inlet 5a. The air outlet part includes a ventilation outlet 5b and an air outlet pipeline 10 communicated with the ventilation outlet 5b.

[0037] In this embodiment, the pressure and flow of the ventilation system are controlled by the ejector 11. The introduced high-pressure airflow is mixed with the normal-pressure airflow, and as the flow area in the ejector 11 increases, the pressure is restored at the drainage outlet 11c. The pressure difference between the drainage inlet 11b and the drainage outlet 11c drives the ventilation airflow to circulate in the ventilation system of the fuel cell box 5, thereby ensuring the stability of the pressure level of the ventilation system. Since the normal-pressure airflow is usually at room temperature, it can reduce the temperature of the outflowing gas after mixing with the high-pressure airflow, thereby extending the performance and life of plastic and rubber parts.

[0038] The high-pressure airflow introduced in this embodiment can be an energy-driven device of the system that needs ventilation, such as the air compressor 2 of the air supply system of the fuel cell; it can also be other energy-driven devices; the introduced normal-pressure airflow can be introduced on the basis of the original pipeline, or it can be introduced into a new pipeline, and the specific construction situation can be adjusted according to the actual situation on site.

[0039] Preferably, the jet inlet 11a of the ejector 11 is connected to the downstream of the air compressor 2 through the jet pipeline 13, the drainage inlet 11b of the ejector 11 is connected to the upstream of the air compressor 2 through the drainage pipeline 12, and the drainage outlet 11c of the ejector 11 is connected to the ventilation inlet 5a through the air inlet pipeline 9. The jet inlet 11a and the drainage inlet 11b of the ejector 11 are respectively connected to the upstream and downstream of the air compressor 2, and there is no need to arrange other pipelines, which is convenient for construction and saves costs. The air compressor 2 can also be other energy-driven equipment.

[0040] Preferably, an intercooler 3 is provided downstream of the air compressor 2, and the jet pipeline 13 is connected to the downstream of the intercooler 3. The jet inlet 11a takes air from the downstream of the intercooler 3, and the air flow temperature is significantly lower than that of the outlet of the air compressor 2; the temperature of the air flow entering the ejector 11 can be reduced from the source, and the temperature of the gas flowing out of the ejector outlet 11c can be further reduced.

[0041] Preferably, an air filter 1 is provided upstream of the air compressor 2, and the air outlet pipeline 10 is connected to the downstream of the air filter 1. By connecting the air outlet pipeline 10 between the air filter 1 of the air inlet and the air compressor 2, the backflow phenomenon caused by the mixing of the airflow of the air outlet pipeline 10 with other outflow airflows is avoided, for example, the mixing with the airflow with a large amount of water in the tail exhaust pipeline 14 in the comparative example causes the backflow of the tail exhaust gas; and the pipeline design layout is simplified, reducing the difficulty of construction.

[0042] Preferably, the jet inlet 11a communicates with the jet throat 11d. A drainage cavity is provided at the connection between the jet throat 11d and the drainage inlet 11b. A drainage outlet 11c is provided on one side of the drainage cavity. The diameter of the jet throat 11d is smaller than that of the jet inlet 11a. When the high-pressure air flow passes through the jet inlet 11a and flows through the jet throat 11d, the gas flow rate increases, and a negative pressure is formed downstream of the jet throat 11d. The ventilation air flow is driven by the negative pressure, inhaled into the ejector 11 through the drainage inlet 11b. The jet air flow and the drainage air flow are mixed, and as the flow area in the drainage cavity increases, the pressure recovers at the drainage outlet 11c of the ejector 11. The pressure difference between the drainage inlet 11b and the drainage outlet 11c drives the circulating flow of the ventilation air flow.

[0043] Preferably, the drainage cavity includes a first cavity 11e and a second cavity 11f communicating with the first cavity 11e. The jet throat 11d is provided on one side of the first cavity 11e. The drainage outlet 11c is provided on the side of the second cavity 11f away from the first cavity 11e. The diameter of the second cavity 11f is larger than that of the first cavity 11e, which is more conducive to the full mixing of the drainage air flow and the jet air flow and ensures the stability of pressure and temperature.

[0044] The ventilation system of this embodiment can be applied to the fuel cell box body or the ventilation of other devices.

[0045] Embodiment 2

[0046] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, and the same parts will not be described in detail. Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, a ventilation system for a fuel cell box body is provided. In this embodiment, an ejector structure is adopted in the ventilation system of the fuel cell box body, and the energy in the fuel cell air supply system is used to drive the circulating flow of the ventilation system of the fuel cell box body. Among them, the fuel cell stack 4 in the fuel cell box body 5 communicates with the air supply system. An air compressor 2 is provided in the air supply system. A ventilation inlet 5a and a ventilation outlet 5b are provided on the fuel cell box body 5. The ventilation system includes an intake part and an outlet part. An ejector 11 is provided in the intake part. The jet inlet 11a of the ejector 11 introduces high-pressure air flow; the drainage inlet 11b of the ejector 11 introduces normal-pressure air flow. The drainage outlet 11c of the ejector 11 communicates with the ventilation inlet 5a provided on the fuel cell box body 5. The air outlet pipeline 10 of the outlet part communicates with the ventilation outlet 5b provided on the fuel cell box body 5.

[0047] In this embodiment, the energy in the air supply system can be utilized to drive at the air intake part of the ventilation system, and a high-pressure air flow is introduced through an ejector. The high-pressure air flow is mixed with the low-pressure air flow, which can significantly reduce the pressure level of the fuel cell box ventilation; moreover, in addition to the high-pressure jet flow part, a part of the diverted flow is simultaneously inhaled for the ventilation flow of the fuel cell box, and the overall flow level is increased, improving the ventilation flow of the fuel cell box; and, after the jet air flow and the diverted air flow are mixed in the ejector and enter the fuel cell box, the ventilation temperature of the fuel cell box can be reduced.

[0048] Preferably, the air supply system further includes an air filter 1 and an intercooler 3. The air filter 1 is arranged upstream of the air compressor 2, and the intercooler 3 is arranged downstream of the air compressor 2. The jet inlet 11a of the ejector 11 is connected to the downstream of the air compressor 2 through a jet pipeline 13, the diversion inlet 11b of the ejector 11 is connected to the upstream of the air compressor 2 through a diversion pipeline 12, and the diversion outlet 11c of the ejector 11 is connected to the ventilation inlet 5a through an air inlet pipeline 9.

[0049] In this embodiment, the jet inlet 11a of the ejector 11 introduces a high-pressure air flow by using the air compressor 2 in the air supply system. The energy of the ejector 11 comes from the jet air flow, without the need for additional energy drive and without moving components, and the implementation of the solution is simple and reliable.

[0050] Preferably, the jet pipeline 13 is connected to the downstream of the intercooler 3. In this embodiment, since the intercooler 3 reduces the temperature of the air flow passing through the air compressor 2, the temperature of the air flow in the jet pipeline 13 is directly reduced.

[0051] Preferably, the air outlet pipeline 10 is connected to the downstream of the air filter 1. The air outlet pipeline 10 is connected to the downstream of the air filter 1, and the system is discharged through the pipeline connected to the air filter 1. The ventilation air flow out of the stack in the tail discharge pipeline 14 directly flows out of the fuel cell system; the air outlet pipeline 10 and the tail discharge pipeline 14 are independent of each other, avoiding the backflow of the tail discharge gas, and the waste gas and water vapor flow into the fuel cell box 5 through the air outlet pipeline 10.

[0052] In this embodiment, the diversion pipeline 12 of the ventilation air flow of the fuel cell box and the returned air outlet pipeline 10 are both arranged downstream of the air filter, effectively reducing the risk of instantaneous backflow of the tail discharge water vapor into the battery box. The ventilation inlet 5a and the ventilation outlet 5b of the fuel cell box are both connected to a low-pressure source, significantly reducing the pressure level of the fuel cell box ventilation, and the overpressure risk of the fuel cell box is small.

[0053] Embodiment Three

[0054] This embodiment provides a ventilation method for a fuel cell box, and this embodiment is a ventilation implementation scheme established on the basis of a fuel cell system; the fuel cell system includes a fuel cell box 5, a stack 4 arranged in the fuel cell box, and an air supply system communicated with the stack 4. The air supply system includes an air compressor 2 and an air filter 1 connected upstream of the air compressor 2, etc. A ventilation inlet 5a and a ventilation outlet 5b are arranged on the fuel cell box 5. The ventilation method includes:

[0055] The ejector 11 mixes the high-pressure air flow flowing out of the air compressor 2 with the atmospheric air flow and introduces it into the ventilation inlet 5a, and the air outlet pipeline 10 communicates the ventilation outlet 5b with the downstream of the air filter 1.

[0056] Preferably, in the air supply system, an intercooler 3 is arranged downstream of the air compressor 2. The jet pipeline 13 communicates the jet inlet 11a of the ejector 11 with the downstream of the intercooler 3, the diversion pipeline 12 communicates the diversion inlet 11b of the ejector 11 with the downstream of the air filter 1, and the air inlet pipeline 9 communicates the diversion outlet 11c of the ejector 11 with the ventilation inlet 5a.

[0057] The high-pressure air compressed by the air compressor 2 enters the jet inlet 11a of the ejector 11 after being cooled by the intercooler 3. After passing through the throttle orifice of the jet throat 11d, the gas flow rate increases, and a negative pressure is formed downstream of the jet throat 11d. The ventilation air flow is driven by the negative pressure, is sucked into the ejector 11 through the diversion inlet 11b, the jet air flow is mixed with the diversion air flow, and as the flow area of the diversion cavity of the ejector 11 increases, the pressure recovers at the diversion outlet 11c. The pressure difference between the diversion inlet 11b and the diversion outlet 11c drives the ventilation air flow to circulate in the ventilation system of the fuel cell box 5.

[0058] The ordinal numbers used in the description and claims, such as "first", "second", etc., are used to modify the corresponding elements. They do not themselves mean that the element has any ordinal number, nor do they represent the order of one element and another element. The use of these ordinal numbers is only to clearly distinguish an element with a certain name from another element with the same name.

[0059] Similarly, it should be understood that in order to streamline the present invention and help understand one or more of the various aspects of the invention, in the above description of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the various features of the present invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, the method of the present invention should not be construed as reflecting the intention that the claimed invention requires more features than those expressly recited in each claim. Therefore, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, where each claim itself is a separate embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope protected by the claims. All of these fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation system, characterized in that, The ventilation system includes an air intake part and an air outlet part. An ejector is arranged in the air intake part, and a high-pressure air flow is introduced into the jet inlet of the ejector. An atmospheric-pressure air flow is introduced into the diversion inlet of the ejector. The diversion outlet of the ejector is communicated with the ventilation inlet. The air outlet part includes a ventilation outlet and an air outlet pipeline communicated with the ventilation outlet. Among them, the jet inlet of the ejector is communicated with the downstream of the air compressor through a jet pipeline. The diversion inlet of the ejector is communicated with the upstream of the air compressor through a diversion pipeline. The diversion outlet of the ejector is communicated with the ventilation inlet through an air inlet pipeline. Among them, an intercooler is arranged downstream of the air compressor, and the jet pipeline is communicated with the downstream of the intercooler. Among them, an air filter is arranged upstream of the air compressor, and the air outlet pipeline is communicated with the downstream of the air filter.

2. The ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein, The jet inlet is communicated with a jet throat. A diversion cavity is arranged at the connection of the jet throat and the diversion inlet. A diversion outlet is arranged on one side of the diversion cavity.

3. The ventilation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diversion cavity includes a first cavity and a second cavity communicated with the first cavity. The jet throat is arranged on one side of the first cavity. The diversion outlet is arranged on the side of the second cavity far from the first cavity. The diameter of the second cavity is larger than that of the first cavity.

4. A ventilation system for a fuel cell box body, comprising an air supply system communicated with an electric stack in the fuel cell box body, wherein a compressor is arranged in the air supply system, and a ventilation inlet and a ventilation outlet are arranged on the fuel cell box body, and it is characterized in that, Including the ventilation system as described in any one of claims 1-3.

5. The ventilation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air supply system further includes an air filter and an intercooler. The air filter is arranged upstream of the air compressor, and the intercooler is arranged downstream of the air compressor.

6. A ventilation method for a fuel cell box body, connecting a fuel cell stack in the fuel cell box body with an air supply system. The air supply system includes an air compressor and an air filter connected upstream of the air compressor. A ventilation inlet and a ventilation outlet are provided on the fuel cell box body, and it is characterized in that, The ventilation method is based on the ventilation system as described in any one of claims 1-3. The method includes: The ejector mixes the high-pressure air flow flowing out of the air compressor with the atmospheric-pressure air flow and then introduces it into the ventilation inlet. The air outlet pipeline communicates the ventilation outlet with the downstream of the air filter.

7. The ventilation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of "the ejector mixes the high-pressure air flow flowing out of the air compressor with the atmospheric-pressure air flow and then introduces it into the ventilation inlet" includes: An intercooler is arranged downstream of the air compressor. The jet pipeline communicates the jet inlet of the ejector with the downstream of the intercooler. The diversion pipeline communicates the diversion inlet of the ejector with the downstream of the air filter. The air inlet pipeline communicates the diversion outlet of the ejector with the ventilation inlet.

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