Antenna structure and device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an antenna structure and device, which includes: a first slot provided on a first metal frame of the device and a second slot provided on a second metal frame of the device, wherein the first slot divides the first metal frame into a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, and the second slot divides the second metal frame into a third antenna unit and a fourth antenna unit. The first antenna unit includes a first feeding point away from the second antenna unit and a first switch close to the second antenna unit. The second antenna unit includes a second feeding point away from the first antenna unit and a second switch close to the first antenna unit, wherein the first switch is a four-way parallel switch. This achieves an antenna structure solution with more comprehensive frequency band coverage and higher isolation, significantly improving the signal reception and transmission performance of communication equipment and enhancing the user experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mobile communications, and in particular to an antenna structure and equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of smart devices, 5G communication technology is becoming increasingly integrated into users' mobile internet lives. 5G stands for the fifth generation of mobile communications. Due to its high speed, large capacity, and low latency, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology has become one of the key technologies enabling 5G communications.

[0003] Currently, operators require 5G antennas to have a 4x4 MIMO design, meaning four antennas per frequency band. Therefore, to meet these requirements, the side frames of mobile phones and other devices are inevitably used. Furthermore, due to the limited space in mobile terminals, the layout of 5G band antennas is very demanding. Consequently, multiple antennas with the same or similar frequencies are inevitably placed in close proximity, resulting in poor isolation between antennas and severe mutual interference. This also impacts antenna performance and results in a poor user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical defects in the prior art, the present invention proposes an antenna structure, which includes:

[0005] A first slot is set on the first metal frame of the device and a second slot is set on the second side metal frame of the device. The first slot divides the first metal frame into a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, and the second slot divides the second metal frame into a third antenna unit and a fourth antenna unit. In the first antenna unit, a first feeding point away from the second antenna unit and a first switch close to the second antenna unit are set. In the second antenna unit, a second feeding point away from the first antenna unit and a second switch close to the first antenna unit are set. The first switch is a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to the first inductor, the second way is connected to the first capacitor, the third way is connected to the second capacitor, and the fourth way is connected to the second inductor.

[0006] Optionally, a third switch for connecting the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is provided at the first slot, wherein the third switch is a two-way parallel switch, each way being connected to an inductor element.

[0007] Optionally, the first switch and the second switch are connected and grounded through an inductor element.

[0008] Optionally, the second switch is a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to the third inductor, the second way is connected to the third capacitor, the third way is connected to the fourth capacitor, and the fourth way is connected to the fourth inductor.

[0009] Optionally, the third antenna unit is arranged in a mirror image with the first antenna unit, and the fourth antenna unit is arranged in a mirror image with the second antenna unit.

[0010] Optionally, in the third antenna unit, a third feeding point away from the fourth antenna unit and a fourth switch close to the fourth antenna unit are set; in the fourth antenna unit, a fourth feeding point away from the third antenna unit and a fifth switch close to the third antenna unit are set.

[0011] Optionally, the fourth switch is a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to an inductor element, the second way is connected to a capacitor element, the third way is connected to another capacitor element, and the fourth way is connected to another inductor element.

[0012] Optionally, the fifth switch is a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to an inductor element, the second way is connected to a capacitor element, the third way is connected to another capacitor element, and the fourth way is connected to another inductor element.

[0013] Optionally, a sixth switch for connecting the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit is provided at the second slot, wherein the sixth switch is a two-way parallel switch, each way being connected to an inductor element;

[0014] Alternatively, the fourth switch and the fifth switch are connected and grounded through an inductor element.

[0015] The present invention also provides a device, which includes the antenna structure as described in any one of the above items.

[0016] The antenna structure and device of the present invention provide an antenna structure comprising: a first slot provided on a first metal frame of the device and a second slot provided on a second metal frame of the device; the first slot divides the first metal frame into a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit; the second slot divides the second metal frame into a third antenna unit and a fourth antenna unit; the first antenna unit includes a first feed point away from the second antenna unit and a first switch close to the second antenna unit; the second antenna unit includes a second feed point away from the first antenna unit and a second switch close to the first antenna unit; the first switch is a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to the first inductor, the second way is connected to the first capacitor, the third way is connected to the second capacitor, and the fourth way is connected to the second inductor. This achieves an antenna structure solution with more comprehensive frequency band coverage and higher isolation, significantly improving the signal reception and transmission performance of communication equipment and enhancing the user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a first embodiment of the antenna structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of the antenna structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 FIG. 2 is another structural diagram of the second embodiment of the antenna structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] The purpose of this embodiment is to propose a new antenna structure. Taking a mobile phone as an example, it uses the metal frame of the mobile phone and the corresponding circuit system to realize multiple 5G frequency bands to meet the needs of domestic and foreign operators for 5G multi-antenna 4*4mimo.

[0024] In this embodiment, the antenna structure consists of four antenna units, each of which can achieve coverage of multiple 5G frequency bands. Moreover, there is a high degree of isolation between the two antenna units. The actual test antenna has good efficiency and is very suitable for actual engineering applications. It is a mobile terminal antenna structure solution that can meet both the frequency band requirements of 5G communications and the requirements of multiple antennas.

[0025] Specifically, this embodiment proposes an antenna structure, which includes: a first slot set on the first metal frame of the device and a second slot set on the second side metal frame of the device, the first metal frame is divided into a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit by the first slot, and the second metal frame is divided into a third antenna unit and a fourth antenna unit by the second slot. In the first antenna unit, a first feeding point away from the second antenna unit and a first switch close to the second antenna unit are set. In the second antenna unit, a second feeding point away from the first antenna unit and a second switch close to the first antenna unit are set. The first switch is a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to the first inductor, the second way is connected to the first capacitor, the third way is connected to the second capacitor, and the fourth way is connected to the second inductor.

[0026] For details, please refer to Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the antenna structure of the present invention is shown. A first slot is provided on the first metal frame on the left side of the device, and a second slot is provided on the second metal frame on the right side of the device. The first metal frame is divided into a first antenna unit at the upper end and a second antenna unit at the lower end by the first slot, and the second metal frame is divided into a third antenna unit at the upper end and a fourth antenna unit at the lower end by the second slot. In the first antenna unit, a first feeding point away from the second antenna unit and a first switch close to the second antenna unit are provided. In the second antenna unit, a second feeding point away from the first antenna unit and a second switch close to the first antenna unit are provided.

[0027] Optionally, in this embodiment, the first switch is a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to the first inductor, the second way is connected to the first capacitor, the third way is connected to the second capacitor, and the fourth way is connected to the second inductor.

[0028] Optionally, in this embodiment, the aforementioned structural design utilizes the phone's metal frame as the antenna's radiator. Each of the phone's left and right frames has a slot, forming four antenna elements. Furthermore, the slots in this embodiment are located in the middle of the phone's sides to prevent gripping from affecting antenna performance. In this embodiment, each antenna element supports the multi-band requirements of 5G communications, and the antenna elements are symmetrically distributed, forming a 4x4 MIMO layout.

[0029] Optionally, in this embodiment, two metal frames are slotted to form metal strips 1 and 2. Each metal strip and its circuit structure design constitutes a corresponding antenna unit. The gap between two adjacent metal strips has a width ranging from 0.5 to 2 mm. In this embodiment, the two metal strips are connected to the circuitry on the PCB. Specifically, the desired frequency band can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the metal strips to match the circuitry on the switch.

[0030] Optionally, in this embodiment, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are used for illustration. The first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are symmetrically distributed, and the current of the two antennas is also symmetrically distributed. Therefore, based on the above-mentioned antenna layout, the current distribution is strongest at the bottom of metal strip 1 and the top of metal strip 2 (i.e., at the gap between the two antenna units). In this embodiment, different 5G frequency bands are adjusted by switching the first switch and the second switch. Specifically, the frequency band coverage of this embodiment is 1710M-2170M and 3300-3800M, that is, it includes the main 5G frequency bands used by domestic and foreign operators.

[0031] Optionally, in this embodiment, the first and second switches are multi-pole, multi-throw (MPMT) switches. For example, a four-way switch is typically used to implement a layout of four parallel lumped elements. Optionally, the capacitance parameter range used is 0.3pf-68pf, and the inductance parameter range is 0.6nh-68nh. In this embodiment, the desired frequency band can be switched by adjusting the capacitance or inductance of the switch.

[0032] The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that, by proposing an antenna structure, the structure includes: a first slot provided on a first metal frame of a device and a second slot provided on a second side metal frame of the device, the first slot dividing the first metal frame into a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, the second slot dividing the second metal frame into a third antenna unit and a fourth antenna unit, the first antenna unit being provided with a first feeding point away from the second antenna unit and a first switch close to the second antenna unit, the second antenna unit being provided with a second feeding point away from the first antenna unit and a second switch close to the first antenna unit, the first switch being a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to the first inductor, the second way is connected to the first capacitor, the third way is connected to the second capacitor, and the fourth way is connected to the second inductor. This achieves an antenna structure solution with more comprehensive frequency band coverage and higher isolation, significantly improving the signal reception and transmission performance of the communication device and enhancing the user experience.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the antenna structure of the present invention. Based on the above embodiment, optionally, a third switch for connecting the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is provided at the first slot, wherein the third switch is a two-way parallel switch, each way connected to an inductor element.

[0035] Specifically, considering that the proximity of the first and second antenna units may result in poor isolation within the same frequency range, in this embodiment, a third switch is provided to connect metal strips 1 and 2. It should be noted that the third switches in this embodiment are located above and below the gap between the first and second antenna units, adjacent to the gap. The closer the distance to the gap, the better the isolation, while the farther the distance, the worse the isolation. Specifically, the optional range of this distance in this embodiment is 0-5 mm.

[0036] In this embodiment, considering that the current is strongest at the end of the above-mentioned metal strip 1 or 2, a larger inductor is added at the third switch. The parameter range of this inductor is 30-100nh. When the third switch is turned on, this inductor will form a closed series circuit with the upper and lower metal strips, which can effectively reduce the current density there and change the current distribution, so that the place where the current distribution is strongest in the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is changed, and the locations where the strongest radiation occurs in the two metal strips are separated, thereby improving the isolation between the two antennas.

[0037] Optionally, in this embodiment, if sufficient space is available in the structural design of a device such as a mobile phone, the third switch can be a multi-way switch to adapt to different frequency bands and address interference, making adjustment easier. Current testing of this antenna configuration has shown that adding inductance to the gap has a more significant effect. Because the addition of the third switch changes the original antenna length, thereby shifting the original frequency, it is necessary to combine the first and second switches again. By optimizing the capacitance and inductance of the four parallel lumped elements on each of the first and second switches, the antenna can be adjusted to the desired frequency band.

[0038] Figure 3 This is another structural diagram of the second embodiment of the antenna structure of the present invention. Optionally, the first switch and the second switch are connected and grounded through an inductor element. In this embodiment, when the structural design space of a mobile phone or other device is insufficient, the number of switches used is reduced. That is, one of the first switch and the second switch is connected together, and then the required inductor is added in parallel and connected to the ground. The function of this inductor is equivalent to Figure 2 The third switch in.

[0039] As can be seen, the switch connection solution of this embodiment requires adjusting the connection points of the first switch and the second switch to the metal strips 1 and 2 to be close to the gap. Optionally, the closer to the gap, the better, in principle, to effectively enhance the isolation between the two antenna units.

[0040] Optionally, the second switch is a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to the third inductor, the second way is connected to the third capacitor, the third way is connected to the fourth capacitor, and the fourth way is connected to the fourth inductor.

[0041] Optionally, the third antenna unit is arranged in a mirror image with the first antenna unit, and the fourth antenna unit is arranged in a mirror image with the second antenna unit. (The following structure is a mirror image structure of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit, which is not illustrated).

[0042] Optionally, in the third antenna unit, a third feeding point away from the fourth antenna unit and a fourth switch close to the fourth antenna unit are set; in the fourth antenna unit, a fourth feeding point away from the third antenna unit and a fifth switch close to the third antenna unit are set.

[0043] Optionally, the fourth switch is a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to an inductor element, the second way is connected to a capacitor element, the third way is connected to another capacitor element, and the fourth way is connected to another inductor element.

[0044] Optionally, the fifth switch is a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to an inductor element, the second way is connected to a capacitor element, the third way is connected to another capacitor element, and the fourth way is connected to another inductor element.

[0045] Optionally, a sixth switch for connecting the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit is provided at the second slot, wherein the sixth switch is a two-way parallel switch, each way being connected to an inductor element;

[0046] Alternatively, the fourth switch and the fifth switch are connected and grounded through an inductor element.

[0047] The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that, through two different structural designs between two adjacent antenna units, it satisfies both the isolation design requirements of mobile phones and other devices with sufficient structural design space and the isolation design requirements of devices with insufficient structural design space.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] The present invention also provides a device, which includes the antenna structure as described in any one of the above items.

[0050] It should be noted that the above-mentioned device embodiment and method embodiment belong to the same concept, and their specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment, and the technical features in the method embodiment are applicable to the device embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0052] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0053] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that: The antenna structure includes: a first slot provided on a first metal frame of a device and a second slot provided on a second metal frame of the device, the first slot dividing the first metal frame into a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, the second slot dividing the second metal frame into a third antenna unit and a fourth antenna unit, the first antenna unit being provided with a first feeding point away from the second antenna unit and a first switch close to the second antenna unit, and the second antenna unit being provided with a second feeding point away from the first antenna unit and a second switch close to the first antenna unit; The first switch is a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to the first inductor, the second way is connected to the first capacitor, the third way is connected to the second capacitor, and the fourth way is connected to the second inductor; The second switch is a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to the third inductor, the second way is connected to the third capacitor, the third way is connected to the fourth capacitor, and the fourth way is connected to the fourth inductor; The third antenna unit is arranged in a mirror image with the first antenna unit, and the fourth antenna unit is arranged in a mirror image with the second antenna unit; In the third antenna unit, a third feeding point away from the fourth antenna unit and a fourth switch close to the fourth antenna unit are provided; in the fourth antenna unit, a fourth feeding point away from the third antenna unit and a fifth switch close to the third antenna unit are provided; The fourth switch is a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to an inductor element, the second way is connected to a capacitor element, the third way is connected to another capacitor element, and the fourth way is connected to another inductor element; The fifth switch is a four-way parallel switch, wherein the first way is connected to an inductor element, the second way is connected to a capacitor element, the third way is connected to another capacitor element, and the fourth way is connected to another inductor element; A third switch for connecting the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is provided at the first slot, wherein the third switch is a two-way parallel switch, each way being connected to an inductor element; A sixth switch for connecting the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit is provided at the second slot, wherein the sixth switch is a two-way parallel switch, each way being connected to an inductor element; or, The first switch and the second switch are connected and grounded through an inductor element; the fourth switch and the fifth switch are connected and grounded through an inductor element.

2. A device, characterized in that The device comprises the antenna structure according to claim 1.

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