Contact type load / preload force detection device and detection method

Abstract

The present invention provides a contact type load / preload force detection device and a detection method, which include a support housing, an induction component, a magnetic field component and two functional arms. The support housing is configured to have an accommodation space inside for fitting and accommodating the induction component and the magnetic field component, so that when the magnetic field of the magnetic field component changes, the induction component generates an electrical signal matching the magnetic field change; one ends of the two functional arms are both installed in the accommodation space and the other ends both extend to the outside of the accommodation space and contact a carrier. Wherein, due to the change of the load and / or preload force, the magnetic field change can be caused by the carrier. The present invention can measure the load / preload force of various fasteners, and has high measurement accuracy, convenient detection and more sensitive detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of detection technologies, and in particular, to a contact load / preload force detection device and a detection method. Background Art

[0002] Bolt connectors are widely used in industrial fields such as vehicles, aviation, and special machinery due to many advantages such as simple assembly, high disassembly and assembly efficiency, and low cost. For different types of bolts, in order to ensure the working quality and reliability of mechanical equipment, a certain tightening force must be applied to the bolts. If the tightening force is too large, it is prone to fracture under the action of axial load; if the tightening force is too small, the required preloading effect cannot be achieved. Therefore, accurately controlling the magnitude of the tightening force is crucial for ensuring the bolt connection quality and structural safety.

[0003] In practical engineering, the commonly used bolt tightening force measurement methods include the torque wrench method, the resistance strain gauge method, the photoelasticity method, the ultrasonic measurement method, etc. Among them, due to the limitations of the detection principle and measurement conditions, the resistance strain gauge method and the photoelasticity method are less used in engineering; the torque wrench method is the most commonly used bolt tightening force control and measurement method in current engineering. However, due to the discreteness of the friction coefficients between the thread surfaces of the bolt and the nut and between the nut and the contacting surface of the connected part, the torque coefficient is discrete, and in practical applications, large errors will also occur. The key and prerequisite of the ultrasonic measurement method is to obtain an accurate mathematical relationship between the ultrasonic propagation time and the tightening force, that is, the measurement coefficient. Generally, the method is to obtain the measurement coefficients under different specifications of bolts and connection states through a large number of experiments. This method has high costs and poor adaptability, and is not conducive to the application of bolt tightening force detection in engineering.

[0004] Patent document CN209858124U discloses a bolt tightening force detection tooling device, including a bottom plate. A base slot is arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom plate, a limit insertion block is installed inside the base slot, a bolt limit seat is installed on the upper end surface of the limit insertion block, and a through hole or a threaded hole is arranged on the upper end surface of the bolt limit seat. Support arms are installed on both sides of the upper end surface of the bottom plate. A T-shaped limit groove is arranged on the upper end surface of the support arm. An upper moving cross plate is installed inside the inner sides of the tops of the two support arms. The two ends of the upper moving cross plate are connected with the T-shaped limit groove through T-shaped limit blocks. A cylindrical placement cover is installed on the bottom surface of the upper moving cross plate, a cover plate is installed on the upper end surface of the upper moving cross plate, and a liquid crystal display screen is installed on the upper end surface of the cover plate. However, this design must rely on a special structure to detect the tightening force, and the detection is not convenient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a contact load / preload force detection device and a detection method.

[0006] A contact load / preload force detection device provided according to the present invention includes a support housing, an induction component, a magnetic field component, and one or more functional arms;

[0007] The support housing is configured to have an accommodation space inside for fitting and accommodating the induction component and the magnetic field component, so that when the magnetic field of the magnetic field component changes, the induction component generates an electrical signal matching the magnetic field change;

[0008] One end of the functional arm is installed in the accommodation space and the other end extends outside the accommodation space to contact the carrier. Among them, due to the change of the load and / or preload force, the magnetic field change can be caused by the carrier.

[0009] Preferably, the number of the functional arms is two. Both ends of the magnetic field component are respectively connected to one end of the two functional arms. The induction component adopts any one of the following connection methods:

[0010] The induction component is arranged along the circumferential direction of the magnetic field component;

[0011] The induction component and the magnetic field component are arranged in parallel in the accommodation space, and both ends of the induction component are respectively connected to one end of the two functional arms;

[0012] The induction component and the magnetic field component are arranged in series, and the induction component is arranged between the support housing and the magnetic field component.

[0013] Preferably, the number of the functional arms is two. The magnetic field component and the induction component are successively connected in series in the accommodation space. The magnetic field component is configured to connect one end of the induction component, and the other end of the magnetic field component and the other end of the induction component are respectively in contact with and abutted against one end of the two functional arms.

[0014] Preferably, the magnetic field component includes a magnetostrictive body and a first coil;

[0015] The first coil is arranged along the circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body and is used to generate an electromagnetic field when energized.

[0016] Preferably, the magnetic field component further includes a second coil. The second coil is arranged along the circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body and is used to generate a second induced electrical signal when the magnetic field of the magnetostrictive body changes.

[0017] Preferably, the carrier, the functional arm, and the magnetic field component jointly form a closed magnetic circuit. The magnetic field component includes a magnet, and the magnet can be arranged at any position of the closed magnetic circuit.

[0018] Preferably, the induction component includes a piezoelectric material body or a third coil, and the magnetic field component includes a magnetostrictive body;

[0019] The third coil is arranged along the circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body and is used to generate a first induced electrical signal when the magnetic field of the magnetostrictive body changes; or the piezoelectric material body generates a first induced electrical signal when the magnetic field of the magnetostrictive body changes.

[0020] Preferably, it further includes a force-applying body and a force-receiving body. The force-applying body can be assembled onto the force-receiving body, and the other end of the functional arm is connected to the force-applying body or the force-receiving body. The carrier is the force-applying body or the force-receiving body.

[0021] Preferably, both the force-applying body and / or the force-receiving body are made of ferromagnetic materials; or

[0022] The force-receiving body is made of any one of metallic glass and magnetostrictive materials; or

[0023] The force-receiving body is a directionally solidified structure or a 3D printed array structure, where the 3D printed array structure includes a lattice structure.

[0024] According to a load / pre-tightening force detection method provided by the present invention, using the contact-type load / pre-tightening force detection device, it includes the following steps:

[0025] S1: A current V is passed through the magnetic field component a and the induction component outputs an induced voltage V es , adjust the load and / or fastening force of the carrier and calibrate the fastening force according to the change of V es to obtain calibration information;

[0026] S2: Input the calibration information into the control system;

[0027] S3: When measuring the load and / or fastening force of the carrier, the control system obtains the corresponding load force and / or fastening force value from the calibration information according to the obtained V es value and outputs the fastening force value.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The present invention can measure the load force and / or fastening force of various fasteners, with high measurement accuracy, convenient detection, and more sensitive detection.

[0030] 2. The present invention has a variety of implementable structures, can be flexibly selected according to different application scenarios, and has good versatility.

[0031] 3. In addition to accurately detecting the fastening force, the present invention can also accurately detect the pressure generated by the load and the forces acting on other parts of the carrier in different directions, greatly improving the practicality of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non - limiting embodiments read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram when the induction component and the magnetic field component are connected in series, wherein the end of one functional arm extends between the induction component and the magnetic field component, and the ends of the two functional arms are respectively connected to both ends of the magnetic field component;

[0034] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram when the induction component and the magnetic field component are connected in series, wherein the ends of the two functional arms are respectively connected to both ends of the magnetic field component;

[0035] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram when the induction component and the magnetic field component are connected in parallel, wherein both ends of the induction component and the magnetic field component are connected to the ends of the two functional arms;

[0036] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram when the induction component and the magnetic field component are connected in series, wherein the induction component and the magnetic field component are both arranged between the two functional arms;

[0037] Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention, wherein the induction component is a third coil;

[0038] Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention, wherein the induction component is a piezoelectric material body, and a second coil for induction is further provided on the magnetic field component;

[0039] Figure 7 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram when a permanent magnet is circumferentially arranged on the magnetic field component on the basis of Figure 6 ;

[0040] Figure 8 FIG. is a top - view schematic structural diagram when the force - applying body is a stud bolt and a nut;

[0041] Figure 9 FIG. is a side - view schematic structural diagram when the force - applying body is a stud bolt and a nut, wherein F Press represents the tightening force generated by bolt tightening and extrusion, etc., and M load represents the load force generated by placing a load and extrusion;

[0042] Figure 10 FIG. is a side - view schematic structural diagram when the tightening force is greater than that in Figure 9 ;

[0043] Figure 11 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram when a fourth coil is circumferentially arranged on the carrier;

[0044] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure when the force - applying body applies force to the force - applied body in different directions;

[0045] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the force - applied body when it adopts a 3D - printed array structure and is not under force;

[0046] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the force - applied body when it adopts a 3D - printed array structure and is under force. Compared with Figure 13 the inside changes from sparse to dense;

[0047] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the force - applied body when it adopts a directionally solidified structure;

[0048] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the force - applied body when it adopts Galfenol metal alloy material.

[0049] As shown in the figure:

[0050] Inductive component 100, first coil 7

[0051] Magnetic field component 200, second coil 8

[0052] Support housing 1, third coil 9

[0053] Piezoelectric material body 2, permanent magnet 10

[0054] Magnetostrictive body 3, fourth coil 11

[0055] Functional arm 4, force - applying body 12

[0056] Accommodating space 5, force - applied body 13

[0057] Carrier 6, flat gasket 14 Detailed implementation manners

[0058] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several changes and improvements can still be made. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0059] Embodiment 1:

[0060] The present invention provides a contact load / preload detection device, comprising a supporting shell 1, an inductive component 100, a magnetic field component 200 and one or more functional arms 4, wherein the number of the functional arms 4 is preferably two, and the supporting shell 1 is configured to have an internal accommodating space 5 for matching and accommodating the inductive component 100 and the magnetic field component 200, so that when the magnetic field of the magnetic field component 200 changes, the inductive component 100 generates an electrical signal matching the magnetic field change; one end of the two functional arms 4 are both installed in the accommodating space 5 and the other end extends to the outside of the accommodating space 5 and contacts a carrier 6, and the carrier 6, the two functional arms 4, and the magnetic field component 200 together form a closed magnetic circuit, wherein the change in load and / or preload can cause the magnetic field of the magnetic field component 200 to change through the carrier 6.

[0061] The present invention also includes a force-applying body 12 and a force-applied body 13, wherein the force-applying body 12 can be assembled onto the force-applied body 13 and the other ends of the two functional arms 4 are connected to the force-applying body 12 or the force-applied body 13, and the carrier 6 is the force-applying body 12 or the force-applied body 13. The force-applying body 12 and / or the force-applied body 13 are both made of ferromagnetic materials; or the force-applied body 13 is made of any one of metallic glass and magnetostrictive materials, such as Galfenol metal alloy material, and another example is terbium dysprosium iron alloy (Terfenol-D) rare earth giant magnetostrictive material; or the force-applied body 13 is a directional solidification structure or a 3D printed array structure, wherein the 3D printed array structure includes a lattice structure.

[0062] The present invention also provides a load / preload force detection method, which uses the contact type load / preload force detection device and comprises the following steps:

[0063] S1: Current V is passed through the magnetic field component 200 a When the induction component 100 outputs an induction voltage V es , adjust the load and / or tightening force of the carrier 6 and according to V es Calibrate the tightening force according to the change of the tightening force to obtain calibration information;

[0064] S2: inputting the calibration information into the control system;

[0065] S3: When measuring the load and / or the fastening force of the carrier 6, the control system obtains V es The value obtains the corresponding tightening force value in the calibration information and outputs the tightening force value.

[0066] It should be noted that the detection device in the present invention calibrates the preload and the load respectively with the voltage signal V esThe corresponding relationship forms calibration information, that is, the detection device is made into a standard part, and the value of the pre-tightening force can be directly output during measurement, making the detection of the tightening force and / or load simple, convenient, and easy to operate. The carrier 6 is preferably made of ferromagnetic material or magnetostrictive material.

[0067] In the present invention, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the external tightening force or load to be detected and the voltage signal generated by the induction component 100. By calibrating the corresponding relationship, the direct detection of the tightening force is realized. When the tightening force or load changes, it causes the material at the tightening part to change from loose to tight or from tight to loose, the conductive magnetic link becomes denser or sparser, the magnetic leakage decreases or increases, the magnetic flux density increases or decreases, and the change in the magnetic field intensity generated by the closed magnetic circuit can further change the magnetization intensity of the magnetic field component 200, causing it to deform and thus changing the voltage signal generated by the induction component 100.

[0068] Embodiment 2:

[0069] This embodiment is a preferred example of Embodiment 1.

[0070] In this embodiment, it includes a support housing 1, an induction component 100, a magnetic field component 200, and two functional arms 4. An accommodation space 5 is provided inside the support housing 1. Both ends of the magnetic field component 200 are respectively connected to one end of the two functional arms 4. The other ends of the two functional arms 4 both extend to the outside of the accommodation space 5 and are used to connect the carrier 6. The other end of the functional arm 4 contacts the carrier 6. The induction component 100 and the magnetic field component 200 are arranged in series, and the induction component 100 is arranged between the support housing 1 and the magnetic field component 200. As Figure 1 shown, one end of a functional arm 4 extends between the induction component 100 and the magnetic field component 200.

[0071] In this embodiment, the induction component 100 includes a piezoelectric material body 2, and the magnetic field component 200 includes a magnetostrictive body 3. The magnetostrictive body 3 is made of magnetostrictive material. For example, the magnetostrictive material is Galfenol metal alloy material, and for another example, it is terbium dysprosium iron alloy (Terfenol-D) rare earth giant magnetostrictive material. The piezoelectric material body 2 is made of piezoelectric material. For example, it is piezoelectric ceramic. When the magnetostrictive body 3 deforms due to magnetic field change or has a tendency to deform, the degree of extrusion on the piezoelectric material body 2 changes, thereby changing the voltage signal output by the piezoelectric material body 2.

[0072] The magnetic field component 200 includes a first coil 7. The first coil 7 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body 3 and is used to generate an electromagnetic field when energized. When an alternating current V is passed through the first coil 7 aA magnetic field is generated later, causing the magnetostrictive body 3 to deform or tend to deform. Finally, the deformation or the tendency of deformation will act on the piezoelectric material body 2 through a connected functional arm 4. As the piezoelectric material body 2 is squeezed tightly or periodically squeezed, the piezoelectric material body 2 outputs a voltage signal V es .

[0073] The present invention includes a force-applying body 12 and a force-receiving body 13. The force-applying body 12 can be assembled onto the force-receiving body 13, and the other ends of the two functional arms 4 are both connected to the force-applying body 12 or the force-receiving body 13. For example, through magnetic contact connection, or for another example, through a clamping member to achieve the contact connection between the functional arm 4 and the force-applying body 12 or the force-receiving body 13.

[0074] In this embodiment, taking the force-applying body 12 as a combination of a stud bolt and a nut, and the force-receiving body 13 as a structure body with a through hole as an example for introduction, the tightening force of the nut on the structure body after the bolt is installed in the threaded hole can be accurately detected. As Figure 8 、 Figure 9 shown, when the tightening force F Press of the bolt increases, the structure body with a bolt hole is compressed, the natural frequency changes, and the internal structure changes from sparse to dense. As Figure 10 shown, the magnetic permeability of the entire closed magnetic circuit is further increased, the magnetic field of the magnetostrictive body 3 can be increased, the deformation or the tendency of deformation of the magnetostrictive body 3 itself becomes larger, and finally the squeezing force acting on the piezoelectric material body 2 becomes larger, and the voltage signal V es output by the piezoelectric material body 2 increases. Thus, finally, according to the calibration information, the tightening force F es is determined through the voltage signal V Press . In actual application, for the force applied due to the load force M load , the force value generated by the load can also be obtained through the same principle.

[0075] As Figure 8 、 Figure 9 shown, when the tightening force F Press of the bolt increases, the structure body with a through hole is compressed, the internal structure changes from sparse to dense. As Figure 10 shown, the structural elastic coefficient changes, the natural frequency changes, and the harmonic response vibration frequency of the magnetostrictive body 3 can be changed, resulting in a change in the frequency of the reciprocating squeezing force acting on the piezoelectric material body 2, and the frequency of the voltage signal V es output by the piezoelectric material body 2 changes accordingly. Thus, finally, according to the calibrated voltage signal V es carrying the information of the change in the vibration harmonic response frequency, the tightening force F Press is determined. In actual application, for the force applied due to the load force M loadThe generated applied force (the change in the system's harmonic response frequency caused by the change in mass) can also be obtained by V es The principle of frequency change to obtain the gravitational force or load mass value applied by the load.

[0076] In order to make the applied force transfer more evenly to the structure with through holes, a flat gasket 14 is provided between the structure with through holes and the nut. By setting the flat gasket 14, the force applied by the nut to the structure can be transferred more evenly, and the monitoring effect is better.

[0077] It should be noted that when measuring the tightening force F Press , the functional arm 4 can also be connected to the nut or the double-headed bolt, and the force value to be measured can also be obtained based on the same principle.

[0078] In this embodiment, the structure with through holes is made of Galfenol metal alloy material. As shown in Figure 10 、 Figure 11 , a fourth coil 11 is provided in the circumferential direction of the structure. The Galfenol metal alloy material is a new type of magnetostrictive material. When it is deformed or has a tendency to deform when tightened by the nut, it will generate its own magnetic field. This magnetic field can change the magnetic field or magnetic flux of the entire detection magnetic circuit to achieve detection; or cause a third induced current V a1 to be generated in the fourth coil 11 provided in the circumferential direction of the structure. By calibrating and measuring the third induced current V a1 , the measurement of the tightening force can also be achieved.

[0079] At the same time, it is also possible to actively apply an electromagnetic excitation signal to V a1 , and through the Galfenol metal alloy material to generate the magnetostrictive effect, and use the magnetic circuit magnetic field change corresponding to the external applied force or load change based on this effect for the magnetic field component 200 to complete the load / tightening force detection.

[0080] For the Galfenol metal alloy material, it is also introduced in detail in the Microstructure and Magnetostrictive Properties of Galfenol Alloy published by the authors Hu Yong, Ding Yutian, Liu Fenxia, Zhang Yanlong, Wang Jing, etc. in Foundry Technology (Volume 11, 2008, pages 1579 - 1583, a total of 5 pages). It is a new type of magnetostrictive material that can withstand a large applied force and can be machined, threaded, etc. It is an ideal magnetostrictive material.

[0081] There are various choices for the material of the force-receiving body 13 that are beneficial to the realization of the effects of the present invention. The structure of the material itself can be directionally set to meet the adjustment of the internal density structure, and further adapt to the requirements of the change in the closed magnetic circuit when the fastening force and / or load change in the present invention. Such as a directionally solidified structure or a 3D printing array structure. Among them, the 3D printing array structure includes micro-unit structures. One of the major characteristics of additive manufacturing technology is its ability to manufacture complex details. The micro-unit structure is a typical complex structure, which not only plays a role in lightening the weight, but also enables the structure to obtain the lowest material filling amount while meeting the requirements of structural rigidity or the change in magnetic permeability.

[0082] Furthermore, directional solidification, also known as directional crystallization, is a process method that enables metals or alloys to grow crystals directionally in a melt. The directional solidification technology is a process of establishing a specific temperature gradient in the mold, so that the molten alloy solidifies and casts along the direction opposite to the heat flow according to the required crystallization orientation, and can also realize the directional adjustment of the internal density structure and the magnetic conduction direction of the material to meet the requirements of the present invention.

[0083] In this embodiment, when the magnetic field of the magnetic field component 200 changes, the tightness between the magnetic field component 200 and the induction component 100 will also change. At the same time, the carrier 6, the two functional arms 4, and the magnetic field component 200 jointly form a closed magnetic circuit. Utilizing the characteristic that magnetostrictive materials deform or have a tendency to deform under magnetic field excitation, when the carrier 6 causes a change in the magnetic permeability of the closed magnetic circuit due to the change in the fastening force, and then causes the magnetic field component 200 to undergo a deformation or a tendency to deform corresponding to the changed magnetic permeability, that is, there is a change in the force between the magnetic field component 200 and the contact component. At the same time, the characteristic that piezoelectric materials generate voltage signals when being squeezed is utilized to realize the accurate measurement of physical quantities such as load and / or fastening force.

[0084] When the carrier 6 also causes a change in the stiffness coefficient due to the change in load / or fastening force, and then causes the magnetic field component 200 to undergo a change in the harmonic response frequency corresponding to the stiffness change, corresponding to the generation of a deformation or a tendency to deform under the change in alternating magnetic permeability, that is, there is a change in the force between the magnetic field component 200 and the contact component corresponding to the frequency. The characteristic that the frequency of the voltage signal generated by piezoelectric materials changes when being squeezed is utilized to realize the accurate measurement of physical quantities such as load and / or fastening force.

[0085] The present invention realizes the detection of the fastening force or other physical quantities by the way that when physical quantities such as the fastening force or other forces of the components in the carrier 6 change, it causes a change in the magnetic permeability, which is finally reflected in the change in the magnetic field of the magnetic field component 200.

[0086] The present invention realizes the detection of the fastening force or other physical quantities by the way that when physical quantities such as the fastening force or other forces of the components in the carrier 6 change, the degree of extrusion is different and the load mass is different, resulting in the change of the harmonic response frequency (natural frequency), and finally reflected in the change of the magnetic field harmonic response frequency of the magnetic field component 200.

[0087] As Figure 2 shown, which is also a variation form of this embodiment, and can realize the detection of force based on the principle of this embodiment.

[0088] Embodiment 3:

[0089] This embodiment is a variation of Embodiment 1.

[0090] In this embodiment, both ends of the magnetic field component 200 are fixedly connected to one end of two of the functional arms 4 respectively. The induction component 100 and the magnetic field component 200 are arranged in parallel in the accommodation space, and both ends of the induction component 100 are also fixedly connected to one end of two of the functional arms 4 respectively. As Figure 3 shown, in this embodiment, the carrier 6, two of the functional arms 4, and the magnetic field component 200 jointly form a closed magnetic circuit. The magnetic field component 200 is a magnetostrictive body 3. When the fastening force F Press and / or the load force M load change, the magnetic flux / or the harmonic response frequency (natural frequency) of the closed magnetic circuit changes, and then the magnetostrictive body 3 generates a deformation response or a tendency of deformation response, so that there is a deformation or tendency of being expanded or pulled smaller between one ends of the two functional arms 4, or the number of reciprocating changes of the deformation or tendency of being expanded or pulled smaller per unit time changes. Then, it finally acts on the piezoelectric material body 2. As the piezoelectric material body 2 is squeezed tightly or loosened, the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the voltage signal V es output by the piezoelectric material body 2 changes. According to the change of V es , the fastening force F Press and / or the load force M load value is finally measured.

[0091] Embodiment 4:

[0092] This embodiment is another variation of Embodiment 1.

[0093] In this embodiment, the magnetic field component 200 is configured to connect one end of the induction component 100. After being connected, the magnetic field component 200 and the induction component 100 are installed in the accommodation space 5. Among them, the other end of the magnetic field component 200 and the other end of the induction component 100 are respectively in contact with and against one end of two of the functional arms 4, so that the connected magnetic field component 200 and induction component 100 adapt to the space between the two functional arms 4. AsFigure 4 As shown, the space between the two functional arms 4 provides a space with a fixed distance for the magnetism components 200 and the induction components 100 arranged in series. Therefore, when the magnetism component 200 deforms or has a tendency to deform, the tightness between the magnetism component 200 and the induction component 100 will also change accordingly. At the same time, the carrier 6, the two functional arms 4, and the magnetism component 200 together form a closed magnetic circuit. When the carrier 6 is affected by the fastening force F Press and / or the load force M load such that the permeability of the closed magnetic circuit changes, which in turn causes the magnetism component 200 to deform or have a tendency to deform corresponding to the changed permeability.

[0094] In the present invention, when physical quantities such as the component fastening force or other forces in the carrier 6 change, the permeability changes, which is ultimately reflected in the change of the magnetic field amplitude-frequency characteristics of the magnetism component 200, thereby realizing the detection of the fastening force or other physical quantities.

[0095] It should be noted that, in order to make the induction of the magnetic field signal more sensitive, the magnetism component 200 includes a magnet, and the magnet can be arranged at any position of the closed magnetic circuit. Arranging an electromagnet and / or a permanent magnet 10 at any position in the closed magnetic circuit can make the magnetic force of the entire closed magnetic circuit stronger, make the magnetic force change more sensitive, and is conducive to more accurate determination of the change of the fastening force. For example, as Figure 7 shown, the permanent magnet 10 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body 3. The installation of the permanent magnet 10 provides a bias magnetic field for the entire magnetic circuit, improves the magnetization intensity of the magnetic circuit, and improves the sensitivity of extracting signals.

[0096] Embodiment 5:

[0097] This embodiment is another variant of Embodiment 1.

[0098] In this embodiment, the magnetism component 200 is configured to be installed in the accommodation space 5, and both ends of the magnetism component 200 are in contact with and abutted against one end of the two functional arms 4. As Figure 5 shown, the induction component 100 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the magnetism component 200. The carrier 6, the two functional arms 4, and the magnetism component 200 together form a closed magnetic circuit. The induction component 100 includes a third coil 9. The magnetism component 200 includes a magnetostrictive body 3. The third coil 9 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body 3 and is used to correspondingly generate a first induced electrical signal M when the magnetostrictive body 3 deforms or has a tendency to deform in terms of amplitude-frequency change ms , and by detecting M ms , the magnitude of the fastening force and / or the load force can also be obtained.

[0099] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0100] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A contact load / preload detection device, characterized in that It includes a support housing (1), an induction component (100), a magnetic field component (200), and one or more functional arms (4); The support housing (1) is configured to have an accommodation space (5) inside for fittingly accommodating the induction component (100) and the magnetic field component (200), so that when the magnetic field of the magnetic field component (200) changes, the induction component (100) generates an electrical signal matching the magnetic field change; One end of each of the functional arms (4) is installed in the accommodation space (5), and the other end extends outside the accommodation space (5) and contacts a carrier (6), wherein due to changes in load and / or pre-tightening force, the magnetic field can be caused to change through the carrier (6); The carrier (6), the functional arms (4), and the magnetic field component (200) together form a closed magnetic circuit. When the permeability of the closed magnetic circuit changes due to changes in load and / or fastening force of the carrier (6), the magnetic field component (200) can be caused to deform or tend to deform corresponding to the changed permeability, thereby achieving precise measurement of the load and / or fastening force.

2. The contact load / preload force detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the functional arms (4) is two. The two ends of the magnetic field component (200) are respectively connected to one end of the two functional arms (4). The induction component (100) adopts any of the following connection methods: The induction component (100) is arranged circumferentially along the magnetic field component (200); The induction component (100) and the magnetic field component (200) are arranged in parallel in the accommodation space, and the two ends of the induction component (100) are respectively connected to one end of the two functional arms (4); The induction component (100) and the magnetic field component (200) are arranged in series, and the induction component (100) is arranged between the support housing (1) and the magnetic field component (200).

3. The contact load / preload force detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the functional arms (4) is two. The magnetic field component (200) and the induction component (100) are successively connected in series in the accommodation space (5). The magnetic field component (200) is configured to connect one end of the induction component (100), and the other end of the magnetic field component (200) and the other end of the induction component (100) respectively contact and abut against one end of the two functional arms (4).

4. The contact load / preload force detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The magnetic field component (200) includes a magnetostrictive body (3) and a first coil (7); The first coil (7) is arranged circumferentially along the magnetostrictive body (3) and is used to generate an electromagnetic field when energized.

5. The contact load / preload force detection device according to claim 4, wherein The magnetic field component (200) further includes a second coil (8). The second coil (8) is arranged circumferentially along the magnetostrictive body (3) and is used to generate a second induced electrical signal when the magnetic field of the magnetostrictive body (3) changes.

6. The contact load / preload force detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The magnetic field component (200) includes a magnet, and the magnet can be arranged at any position of the closed magnetic circuit.

7. The contact type load / preload force detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The induction component (100) includes a piezoelectric material body (2) or a third coil (9), and the magnetic field component (200) includes a magnetostrictive body (3); The third coil (9) is arranged along the circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body (3) and is used to generate a first induced electrical signal when the magnetic field of the magnetostrictive body (3) changes; or the piezoelectric material body (2) generates a first induced electrical signal when the magnetic field of the magnetostrictive body (3) changes.

8. The contact load / preload force detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that It further includes a force-applying body (12) and a force-receiving body (13). The force-applying body (12) can be assembled onto the force-receiving body (13), and the other end of the functional arm (4) is connected to the force-applying body (12) or the force-receiving body (13), and the carrier (6) is the force-applying body (12) or the force-receiving body (13).

9. The contact load / preload force detection device according to claim 8, wherein Both the force-applying body (12) and / or the force-receiving body (13) are made of ferromagnetic materials; or The force-receiving body (13) is made of any one of metallic glass and magnetostrictive materials; or The force-receiving body (13) is a directionally solidified structure or a 3D printed array structure, wherein the 3D printed array structure includes a lattice structure.

10. A load / pre-tightening force detection method, characterized in that, Using the contact load / preload force detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, includes the following steps: S1: Pass an electric current through the magnetic field component (200) When the induction component (100) outputs an induced voltage , adjust the load and / or fastening force of the carrier (6) and calibrate the fastening force according to the change to obtain calibration information; S2: Input the calibration information into the control system; S3: When measuring the load and / or fastening force of the carrier (6), the control system obtains the corresponding load force and / or fastening force value in the calibration information according to the obtained value and outputs the fastening force value.

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