A buoyant recovery type oil containment boom

Abstract

The present invention patent discloses a buoyant recovery type oil containment boom, which includes components such as an oil-blocking outer shell, water passing holes, oil-water mixing inlets, oil drainage holes, fluorescent markings, oil-water separation nets, oil-blocking skirts, floating plates, buoyant oil-water separation screens, liquid separation membranes, upper inflatable floats, lower balance floats, oil containment boom connecting through pipes, etc.; the assembled oil containment boom is placed in a designated river area, water flows into the interior of the oil containment boom from the water inlet holes in sequence, the water flow pushes the buoyant oil-water separation screen to float upward, the oil-water mixture enters the interior of the oil containment boom through the oil-water mixing inlets, the buoyant oil-water separation screen continuously screens the oil-water mixture, the separated water is then replaced and discharged from the water passing holes, and the separated oil products are led out and recovered through the oil containment boom connecting through pipes; this oil containment boom can adapt to complex and severe river environments, has a wide application range, stronger adaptability, is convenient for storage and transportation, and has good application effects for oil spill containment and recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a buoyant recovery type oil containment boom, and more particularly to an oil spill recovery type oil containment boom capable of resisting the impact of river rapids. Background Art

[0002] Oil spill accidents will cause a large amount of economic losses and also cause great damage to river water quality and the riverbank and coastal environment. Therefore, it is very necessary to effectively intercept the diffusion range of oil spills in the water body and timely recover and block the leaked oil products. However, in actual oil spill conditions, most of the oil spill rivers have rapid water flow, wide river spans, and too fast rapids flow velocity. Conventional oil containment booms have poor containment effects under strong waves, and the safety of their own structures is also seriously threatened. In addition, in the case of a large amount of oil leakage, the accumulation of the leaked oil products will overflow the oil containment boom, greatly reducing the oil blocking effect. In order to enable the oil containment boom to have a good interception and recovery effect on the oil spills in the rapid rivers under complex river conditions, an inventive buoyant recovery type oil containment boom is designed. This oil containment boom uses a curved surface slope to offset the impact force of the rapids. At the same time, an oil-water separation float is provided inside the oil containment boom to collect and recover the surface oil spills. A lower balance float and an oil blocking skirt are provided below the oil containment boom to increase the balance and impact resistance of the oil containment boom, and at the same time block the suspended oil spills, and have good oil blocking and recovery effects. Therefore, the design of the present invention can be deployed and blocked in rivers and seas under more complex conditions, and has good application effects and prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of insufficient oil containment capacity and poor structural stability of conventional oil containment booms under river rapids, and the present invention provides a buoyant recovery type oil containment boom.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A buoyant recovery type oil containment boom, mainly composed of an oil-blocking outer shell, water through holes, oil-water mixing inlets, oil discharge holes, fluorescent markings, oil-water separation nets, oil-blocking skirts, floating plates, buoyant oil-water separation screens, liquid separation membranes, upper inflatable floats, lower balancing floats, and oil containment boom connection pipes. The invention is divided into an oil-blocking module, an oil separation module, and a balancing module; the oil-blocking module includes an oil-blocking outer shell, water through holes, oil-water mixing inlets, oil discharge holes, fluorescent markings, oil-water separation nets, and oil-blocking skirts; the interior of the oil-blocking outer shell of the oil containment boom is hollow, the upper part of the shell is designed as a curved slope structure, and fluorescent markings are provided on both sides of the top of the curved slope structure. The bottom end of the curved slope structure of the oil-blocking outer shell is open, and an oil-water mixing inlet parallel to the bottom end of the slope is provided. Below the oil-water mixing inlet, two water through holes parallel to it are provided, and the height of the water through holes is flush with the liquid separation membrane. The lower part of the oil-blocking outer shell is a semi-cylindrical structure, hollow inside, for installing the lower balancing float. The bottom of the oil-blocking outer shell is connected with an oil-blocking skirt. Oil-water separation nets and oil discharge holes are provided on both the left and right sides of the oil-blocking outer shell from top to bottom. The height of the oil-water separation net is kept consistent with the bottom end height of the oil-water mixing inlet, and the oil discharge hole is arranged slightly lower than the water-filling floating height of the buoyant oil-water separation screen inside the oil-blocking outer shell below the oil-water separation net; the oil separation module includes a floating plate, a buoyant oil-water separation screen, a liquid separation membrane, and an oil containment boom connection pipe. The buoyant oil-water separation screen is composed of an oil-water separation net and a baffle. The height of the baffle is lower than the bottom end height of the oil-water mixing inlet. The floating plate is embedded in the inner wall slots on both sides of the buoyant oil-water separation screen through the baffle of the buoyant oil-water separation screen. The buoyant oil-water separation screen is integrally placed above the oil separation membrane inside the oil-blocking outer shell, and there is a 2-mm gap between the buoyant oil-water separation screen and the inner wall of the oil-blocking outer shell and the oil separation membrane. Water flows into the interior of the oil containment boom from the water inlet hole in sequence. The water flow pushes the floating plate to make the buoyant oil-water separation screen flush with the bottom of the oil-water mixing inlet through buoyancy. The water in the interior of the oil containment boom sinks, and the oil-water mixture on the river surface enters the interior of the oil containment boom through the oil-water mixing inlet. The buoyant oil-water separation screen screens the oil-water mixture, and the separated water is replaced and discharged from the water through holes and the oil discharge holes. The separated oil products are temporarily stored inside the buoyant oil-water separation screen and then exported through the oil containment boom connection pipe on the oil discharge hole to recover the oil products; the oil-water separation net screen on the side of the oil-blocking outer shell is embedded, and an in-sunk slot for inserting the oil containment boom connection pipe is provided around the separation net, and its cross-sectional area is the same as that of the oil containment boom connection pipe, which can achieve seamless insertion. The oil containment boom connection pipe is used to connect multiple oil containment boom units and can also be used as an oil guide pipe to export the oil products separated inside the oil containment boom.The balance module includes a liquid separation membrane, an upper inflatable float, and a lower balance float. The upper inflatable float is embedded inside the curved ramp structure at the upper part of the oil-blocking housing, and the bottom end of the upper inflatable float is flush with the lower end of the oil-water mixing inlet. The liquid separation membrane is arranged inside the oil containment boom and is used to separate the lower balance float from the water-filling area of the floating oil-water separator screen. The lower balance float is designed as a semi-cylinder and is installed in the balance float installation bin formed by the liquid separation membrane and the lower part of the oil-water separator screen, making the center of gravity of the oil containment boom deviate towards the lower middle of the whole. Combined with the semi-cylindrical shape at the lower part of the oil-blocking housing of the oil containment boom, it maintains the balance of the oil containment boom in water;

[0005] Preferably, the material of the oil-blocking housing is polyurethane material with good adhesion, water resistance, durability, elastoplasticity and light weight. The surface is coated with an acrylate coating with excellent waterproof performance. It has good floating performance and is convenient for compression and folding, which is beneficial for carrying and storage;

[0006] Preferably, the upper part of the oil-blocking housing is designed as a curved ramp structure. When the rapids in the river impact the oil containment boom, the waves flow along the curve. When the water flow reaches the top of the curve, the impact force of the waves will be offset and decelerated under the influence of gravity, achieving the effect of resisting water flow impact. The lower part of the oil-blocking housing is designed as a semi-cylindrical structure. After installing the lower balance float 12, the overall center of gravity of the oil containment boom is lower, increasing the anti-overturning property and balance of the oil containment boom;

[0007] Preferably, the fluorescent markings are polyethylene fluorescent strips with anti-corrosion and strong waterproof performance, which are respectively pasted on both sides of the top of the curved wedge-shaped ramp at the upper part of the oil-blocking housing. When the oil containment boom operates at night, multiple oil containment boom units are connected, and the fluorescent markings converge into fluorescent lines, which is convenient for marking the placement position of the oil containment boom;

[0008] Preferably, when the water flow enters the inside of the oil containment boom through the water passing holes, the buoyancy pushes the floating plates on the floating oil-water separator screen, making the floating oil-water separator screen flush with the bottom of the oil-water mixing inlet. The oil-water mixture enters the inside of the oil containment boom through the oil-water mixing inlet. The floating oil-water separator screen conducts preliminary screening on the oil-water mixture. The separated water phase then flows out through the water passing holes, and the oil phase screen remains inside the floating oil-water separator screen, thus forming a hydraulic difference. Through continuous screening, the amount of oil increases, and the continuous fluctuation of the hydraulic difference causes the buoyancy change of the liquid flow on the floating oil-water separator screen to fluctuate. Due to the gap between the floating oil-water separator screen and the inner wall of the oil containment boom, the buoyancy drives the floating oil-water separator screen to move up and down, so as to continuously screen the continuously incoming oil-water mixture;

[0009] Preferably, the oil-blocking skirt body is composed of a plurality of oil-absorbing felt sheets with intervals between them. When the oil boom is performing the oil-blocking work, the oil-absorbing felt sheets can adsorb and block the suspended oil products in the river. In addition, the spaced-apart oil-absorbing felt sheets can comb the underwater turbulence, reduce the overturning of the oil boom in the rapids, and enhance the balance performance of the oil boom.

[0010] Advantages of the Invention

[0011] The oil boom is made of polyurethane material with good adhesion, water resistance, durability, elastoplasticity and light weight, and its surface is coated with an acrylate coating with excellent waterproof performance. It has good floating performance, and the upper inflatable float, lower balance float and floating drum type oil-water separation sieve are all detachable. The oil boom components are convenient to compress and fold, and are convenient for deployment and storage;

[0012] The present invention uses a floating drum type oil-water separation sieve to screen and recover the spilled oil in the river. After the water flow enters the inside of the oil boom through the water passing holes, the oil-water mixture continuously screens and recovers the spilled oil by using the hydraulic difference. Most of the oil booms on the market have not considered the recovery work while the oil boom is spilling oil. However, the present invention uses floating drum extraction and screening to separate and recover the spilled oil, greatly improving the efficiency of oil blocking and recovery of the oil boom;

[0013] The upper part of the oil-blocking outer shell of the invention is designed as a curved slope structure. When the rapids in the river impact the oil boom, the waves flow along the curve. When the water flow reaches the top of the curve, affected by gravity, the impact force of the waves will be offset and decelerated, and the effect of resisting water flow impact is excellent. It can be applied to river fields under various complex working conditions, including rivers with large water flow velocities. In addition, fluorescent marks are provided on both sides of the top of the curved slope structure of the oil-blocking outer shell. When the oil boom is deployed for oil blocking at night, multiple oil boom units are connected, and the fluorescent marks converge into fluorescent lines, which is convenient for marking the deployment position of the oil boom, greatly improving the applicability of the oil boom under complex working conditions. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural view of a floating drum type recovery oil boom;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a floating drum type recovery oil boom;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a longitudinal sectional view of a floating drum type recovery oil boom;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural view of the floating drum type oil-water separation sieve of a floating drum type recovery oil boom;

[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural view of the oil boom connecting pipe of a floating drum type recovery oil boom;

[0019] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the inflatable float structure on a buoyant recovery type oil containment boom;

[0020] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the lower balance float structure on a buoyant recovery type oil containment boom;

[0021] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the oil containment boom from the rear side view;

[0022] In the figure: 1. Oil blocking outer shell; 2. Water passing hole; 3. Oil-water mixing inlet; 4. Oil discharge hole; 5. Fluorescent marking; 6. Oil-water separation net; 7. Oil blocking skirt body; 8. Floating plate; 9. Buoyant oil-water separation sieve; 10. Liquid separation film; 11. Upper inflatable float; 12. Lower balance float; 13. Oil containment boom connecting pipe. Specific implementation mode

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0024] As shown in the figure, an impact-resistant oil spill recovery type oil containment boom of the present invention mainly consists of components such as an oil blocking outer shell 1, a water passing hole 2, an oil-water mixing inlet 3, an oil discharge hole 4, a fluorescent marking 5, an oil-water separation net 6, an oil blocking skirt body 7, a floating plate 8, a buoyant oil-water separation sieve 9, a liquid separation film 10, an upper inflatable float 11, a lower balance float 12, and an oil containment boom connecting pipe 13.

[0025] Using the present invention for recovering contaminated oil under strong wave currents includes the following steps:

[0026] (1) Transport each component of the oil spill recovery type oil containment boom to the designated oil spill river location and assemble each component.

[0027] (2) First, inflate the upper inflatable float 11 and embed it in the float card slot on the upper part of the oil blocking outer shell 1 of the oil containment boom, then install the lower balance float 12 in the lower balance float installation bin of the oil containment boom, and then place the buoyant oil-water separation sieve 9 inside the oil containment boom;

[0028] (3) Seamlessly connect the oil containment boom connecting pipes 13 on both sides to the oil discharge holes 4 on both sides of the oil containment boom, then connect multiple oil containment boom units in sequence, and finally assemble the single structures of multiple oil containment booms into one body through connectors;

[0029] (4) The assembled oil boom is placed in the designated river area, and water flows into the oil boom from the water inlet 2 in turn. The water pushes the floating plate 8 to make the buoyant oil-water separator 9 level with the bottom of the oil-water mixing inlet 3 through buoyancy. The water in the oil boom sinks, and the oil-water mixture on the surface of the river enters the oil boom through the oil-water mixing inlet 3. The buoyant oil-water separator 9 screens the oil-water mixture, and the separated water is replaced and flows out from the water through hole 2. The separated oil is temporarily stored in the buoyant oil-water separator 9, and then the recovered oil is led out through the oil boom connecting pipe 13 on the oil discharge hole 4. Multiple oil booms in series can collect the oil along the deployment line and transport it to the oil spill recovery site on the shore or to the recovery ship;

[0030] (5) When the rapids in the river hit the oil boom, the waves flow along the curved surface. When the water reaches the top of the curved surface, the impact force of the waves will be offset and decelerated by gravity. In addition, the lower balance float 12 of the semi-cylindrical structure installed at the bottom of the oil boom makes the center of gravity of the oil boom lower. The semi-cylindrical structure increases the anti-overturning ability of the oil boom. The oil-blocking skirt 7 installed under the oil boom absorbs and blocks the suspended oil in the river. At the same time, the oil-blocking skirt 7 combs the underwater turbulence, reduces the overturning of the oil boom in resisting the rapids, enhances the balance performance of the oil boom, and greatly improves the applicability of the oil boom under complex working conditions.

[0031] (6) When the present invention is used to deploy oil booms at night, multiple oil boom units are connected. Since fluorescent markers are provided on both sides of the top of the curved slope structure of the oil boom housing 1, the fluorescent markers converge into fluorescent lines, which can mark the deployment position of the oil boom, thereby increasing the applicability of the oil boom under complex working conditions.

[0032] When not in operation, the oil spill recovery boom can be disassembled, and the inflatable float 11, the balance float 12, the buoy-type oil-water separation screen 9, the oil-blocking skirt 7, and the boom connecting pipe 13 can be disassembled, separated, and stored. The other parts of the boom are made of a lightweight polyurethane material with good elasticity and plasticity, and can be folded, compressed, stored, and transported when not in operation.

[0033] The invention can adapt to the complex and severe river deployment environment, has a wide range of applications, is more adaptable, is convenient for storage and transportation, and has a good application effect on oil spill containment and recovery.

Claims

1. A buoyant impact-resistant oil boom, comprising an oil-blocking module, an oil-diverting module and a balance module, characterized in that: The oil-blocking module includes an oil-blocking housing (1), a water passing hole (2), an oil-water mixing inlet (3), an oil discharging hole (4), a fluorescent mark (5), an oil-water separation net (6) and an oil-blocking skirt body (7). The oil separation module includes a floating plate (8), a floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9), a liquid separation film (10) and an oil containment boom connecting pipe (13). The balance module includes a liquid separation film (10), an upper inflatable float (11) and a lower balance float (12). The interior of the oil-blocking housing (1) is hollow. The upper part of the oil-blocking housing (1) is designed in a curved wedge-shaped slope, and fluorescent marks (5) are provided on both sides of the top of the curved wedge-shaped slope. The bottom end of the curved wedge-shaped slope of the oil-blocking housing (1) is provided with an oil-water mixing inlet (3) parallel to the bottom end of the slope. Below the oil-water mixing inlet (3), there are two water passing holes (2) parallel to it. The installation height of the water passing holes (2) is level with the liquid separation film (10). The lower part of the oil-blocking housing (1) is semi-cylindrical and hollow, and is used to install the lower balance float (12). The bottom of the oil-blocking housing (1) is connected with an oil-blocking skirt body (7). The oil-water separation nets (6) and the oil discharging holes (4) are provided on the left and right sides of the oil-blocking housing (1) from top to bottom. The height of the oil-water separation nets (6) is consistent with the bottom height of the oil-water mixing inlet (3). The oil discharging holes (4) are arranged below the oil-water separation nets (6) and are consistent with the water-filling floating height of the floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9) inside the oil-blocking housing (1). The floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9) is composed of an oil-water separation net and a baffle. The height of the baffle is lower than the bottom height of the oil-water mixing inlet (3). The floating plate (8) is embedded in the inner wall slots of the baffle of the floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9) on both sides through the floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9). The floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9) is integrally arranged above the liquid separation film (10) inside the oil-blocking housing (1), and there is a 2-mm gap between it and the inner wall of the oil-blocking housing (1) and the liquid separation film (10). Water flows into the oil containment boom from the water passing holes (2) in sequence. The water flow pushes the floating plate (8) to make the floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9) level with the bottom of the oil-water mixing inlet (3) through buoyancy. The water in the oil containment boom sinks after entering. The oil-water mixture on the river surface enters the oil containment boom through the oil-water mixing inlet (3). The floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9) screens the oil-water mixture. The separated water is replaced and flows out from the water passing holes (2). The separated oil products are temporarily stored inside the floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9) and then are led out through the oil discharging holes (4) for the recovered oil products. Multiple oil containment booms are connected and communicated through the oil containment boom connecting pipes (13) on both sides;The cross-section of the described oil boom connecting pipe (13) is the same as that of the oil drainage hole surface, and it is internally penetrated and can be seamlessly inserted into the oil drainage hole (4). It is used to connect multiple oil boom units and can also be used as an oil guide pipe to export the oil separated inside the oil boom. The upper inflatable float (11) is embedded inside the curved wedge-shaped slope at the upper part of the oil-blocking outer shell (1), and the bottom end of the upper inflatable float (11) is flush with the lower end of the oil-water mixing inlet (3). The liquid separation membrane (10) is arranged inside the oil boom and is used to separate the water filling area of the lower balance float (12) and the floating drum type oil-water separation screen (9). The lower balance float (12) is designed as a semi-cylinder and is installed in the balance float installation bin formed by the liquid separation membrane (10) and the lower part of the oil-water separation screen (9), so that the center of gravity of the oil boom is biased towards the lower middle of the whole, and it is combined with the lower semi-cylindrical shape of the oil-blocking outer shell (1) to maintain the balance of the oil boom in water.

2. The floating anti-impact oil boom according to claim 1, wherein: The upper part of the oil-blocking outer shell (1) is designed in the shape of a curved wedge slope. When the rapids in the river impact the oil containment boom, the waves flow along the curved surface. When the water flow reaches the top of the curved surface, the impact force of the waves will be offset and decelerated under the influence of gravity, achieving the effect of resisting water flow impact. The lower part of the oil-blocking outer shell (1) is designed in the shape of a semi-cylinder. After installing the lower balance float (12), the overall center of gravity of the oil containment boom is biased downward, enabling the oil containment boom to maintain balance under the impact of the river flow.

3. The floating anti-impact oil boom according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the water flow enters the interior of the oil containment boom through the water passing hole (2), the buoyancy of the floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9) pushes the floating plate (8) on the floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9), making the floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9) level with the bottom of the oil-water mixing inlet (3). The oil-water mixture enters the interior of the oil containment boom through the oil-water mixing inlet (3). The floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9) preliminarily screens the oil-water mixture. The separated water phase then flows out through the water passing hole (2), and the oil phase sieve remains inside the floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9), thereby forming a hydraulic difference. During the continuous screening process, as the amount of oil increases, the hydraulic difference fluctuates continuously, resulting in fluctuations in the buoyancy of the liquid flow on the floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9). Due to the gap between the floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9) and the inner wall of the oil containment boom, the buoyancy drives the floating barrel type oil-water separation sieve (9) to move up and down, thereby enabling continuous screening of the continuously incoming oil-water mixture.

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