Flame pressure water tube boiler

Abstract

This invention discloses a flame-pressure water-tube boiler in the field of steam generation devices. The boiler has a vertically arranged furnace body with vertically arranged tubes in a concentric circular array. The tubes are arranged in three layers from the inside out. A flame-pressure plate is installed in the circular cavity formed by the inner tube layer, and the furnace chamber is located below the flame-pressure plate. Spiral coils are also arranged around the outer periphery of the tube array within the furnace body. Smoke baffles are installed between adjacent tube layers and between the outer tube layer and the spiral coils. Flow-blocking components are installed between tubes in the same layer, and on the inner or outer sides of tubes in the same layer, creating a reciprocating flow-deflecting channel within the furnace chamber between the flow-deflecting components and the smoke baffles. The outermost edge of the flow-deflecting channel connects to the exhaust port. This device achieves a small water storage capacity while producing a large steam output. It can be manufactured as a coal-fired, oil-fired, natural gas-fired, or biomass energy boiler and can be applied to various locations requiring steam.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a steam generating device, in particular to a water tube boiler. BACKGROUND

[0002] The boilers currently sold on the market mainly include water tube boilers and fire tube boilers; the furnace water of the water tube boiler is in the tube, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of the combustion chamber is outside the tube, forming a "fire wrapping water" structure; the fire tube boiler has a large water package, and the combustion chamber and the high-temperature flue gas heat exchange mechanism are arranged in the water package, forming a "water package fire" structure. Whether it is a water tube boiler or a fire tube boiler, the current problem is that the boiler volume is large for unit steam production, and the water storage in the furnace body is also large. For the current steam boiler with a steam production of 2T / h, the water storage in the furnace body is usually more than 50 liters, which is poor in economy.

[0003] In the Chinese patent database, a combustion device is disclosed, the publication number is CN204829879U, and the publication date is 20151202; the device includes a furnace body provided with a combustion chamber, a combustion tray is arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber, a lower air cavity is arranged at the lower side of the combustion tray, a plurality of air inlet holes are arranged on the combustion tray and connected with the lower air cavity and the combustion chamber, a lower air inlet fan is arranged below the lower air cavity; a vertical feeding device is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, the inlet of the vertical feeding device is connected with the outlet of a horizontal feeding device, a feeding hopper is arranged at the inlet of the horizontal feeding device, the outlet of the vertical feeding device penetrates through the lower air cavity and the combustion tray and is connected with the combustion chamber; the side wall of the combustion chamber is composed of an inner wall and an outer wall, a spiral water pipe is arranged outside the inner wall, an air inlet channel is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall, a plurality of air inlet nozzles are arranged on the inner wall; a ignition burner is further arranged on the furnace body; a slag discharge gap is arranged around the combustion tray, and a slag discharge device is connected below the slag discharge gap. The device can burn straw, residual oil, household garbage and other waste, and can efficiently supply hot flue gas. The device is actually a boiler, and the disadvantage is that the volume of the furnace body of the device is not compact enough, and the boiler volume is still large for unit steam production, and the fundamental reason is that the flue gas flow channel is not designed reasonably, and the flue gas utilization efficiency is not high enough. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a flame pressure type water tube boiler, so that the flue gas flow channel is designed reasonably, the flue gas utilization efficiency is high, and the technical effect of small volume and large steam production is achieved.

[0005] The object of the present application is achieved by a flame pressure water tube boiler, comprising a vertically arranged furnace body, a vertically arranged tube bank in the furnace body, the lower end of the tube bank being connected to a circular annular water collecting cavity, the water collecting cavity being connected to a water inlet pipe, the upper end of the tube bank being connected to a steam box; the tube bank is arranged in a concentric circular annular array, the tube bank is provided with three layers from inside to outside, a flame pressure plate is arranged in the circular cavity formed by the inner layer of the tube bank, and a hearth is arranged below the flame pressure plate; a spiral coil pipe is further arranged on the outer periphery of the tube bank array in the furnace body, the spiral coil pipe can be used as a preheating water device; a smoke baffle is arranged between adjacent layers of the tube bank and between the outer layer of the tube bank and the spiral coil pipe, the smoke baffles are arranged in layers in the height direction from the inner layer to the outer layer, the innermost smoke baffle is arranged on the periphery of the flame pressure plate, and a flow separation component is arranged between the tube banks of the same layer, on the inner side or the outer side of the tube banks of the same layer, so that the space in the hearth forms an up-and-down reciprocating baffle passage between the flow separation component and the smoke baffles, and the outermost side of the baffle passage is connected to a smoke outlet.

[0006] During operation of the present application, the fuel is combusted in the hearth, and due to the blocking of the flame pressure plate, the high-temperature flue gas after combustion will flow to the periphery, thereby sequentially flowing upwards along the baffle passage, bypassing the inner layer of the tube bank and the middle layer of the tube bank, and then being heated with the inner layer of the tube bank and the middle layer of the tube bank, and then flowing downwards to bypass the gap between the middle layer of the tube bank and the outer layer of the tube bank, and then entering the space where the spiral coil pipe is arranged, and finally being collected and leaving from the smoke outlet after being heated with the spiral coil pipe, in this process, the water in the tube bank is heated with the flue gas to generate steam, and the medium in the spiral coil pipe is also heated with the flue gas to generate preheated water, and if the temperature of the flue gas is relatively high, the spiral coil pipe can also be used as a superheater. Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that: the flue gas flow channel of the present application is reasonably designed and heat exchange is sufficient, due to the blocking of the flame pressure plate, the highest temperature flue gas can pass through the inner layer and the middle layer of the tube bank below the flame pressure plate in a horizontal direction, such horizontal flow can achieve sufficient heat exchange, and because of this, the water level of the boiler can be set at the position of the flame pressure plate, due to the small water storage volume of the water collecting cavity and the lower section of the tube bank, the space inside the tube bank above the water level line is all in a vapor phase or a vapor-liquid phase mixture, the hottest flue gas heats the tube with water, the temperature of the flue gas after temperature reduction further heats the steam or vapor-liquid mixture to make the water further evaporate to form steam, therefore, when the flue gas flows through each layer of the tube bank along the baffle passage upwards, due to the reduced temperature of the flue gas, the tube bank will not be burned under the condition of small water storage, the volume of the boiler can be small and the steam production can be large, in the traditional water tube boiler, the water tube is full of water, and the steam is only evaporated in the steam drum, and the water tube is extremely easy to be burned due to lack of water, the design of the present application makes the high-temperature flue gas be distributed in a gradient, the tube bank does not need to be full of water and can work normally, thereby the present device can realize small water storage and large steam production, and can be made into a coal-fired, oil-fired, natural gas or biomass energy boiler, and can be applied to various places requiring steam.

[0007] Further improvement of the present application is that the smoke baffle comprises a first smoke baffle arranged between the inner layer of pipes and the intermediate layer of pipes, a second smoke baffle arranged between the intermediate layer of pipes and the outer layer of pipes, and a third smoke baffle arranged between the outer layer of pipes and the spiral coil; the flow separation component comprises a first flow separation component arranged outside the outer layer of pipes and below the third smoke baffle, a second flow separation component arranged outside the intermediate layer of pipes and above the second smoke baffle, and a third flow separation component arranged outside the outer layer of pipes and between the third smoke baffle and the steam cavity. The flow separation component is a key structure of the baffle channel, and the present application makes the smoke flow horizontally and vertically between the inner layer of pipes, the intermediate layer of pipes, the outer layer of pipes and the spiral coil through the position relationship between the flow separation component and the smoke baffle, so as to realize sufficient heat exchange and gradient distribution of heat energy from inside to outside, and the temperature of the smoke is lower and lower towards the outer layer, so that the heat energy in the smoke can be more effectively utilized.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present application, fins are arranged outside the pipes, the first flow separation component and the third flow separation component are connected by the fins arranged outside the outer layer of pipes, the second flow separation component is connected by the fins arranged outside the intermediate layer of pipes, and the fins arranged outside the inner layer of pipes have a gap therebetween. The fins can make the pipes absorb heat more sufficiently, and part of the fins are connected to form the flow separation component, so as to form part of the baffle channel while absorbing heat, which is a dual-purpose structure and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, the density of the spiral coil below the third smoke baffle is greater than the density of the spiral coil above the third smoke baffle. At this time, the smoke can partially pass through the gap between the spiral coils, or can go around the lower end of the spiral coil and then go upwards, that is, the spiral coil below the third smoke baffle can be densely arranged, and the spirals can have a gap therebetween or can not have a gap therebetween; the spirals of the spiral coil above the third smoke baffle have a shunt gap therebetween, which is beneficial to the collection and discharge of the smoke. When the smoke passes through the shunt gap, part of the smoke goes upwards along the outside of the spiral coil, and the other part goes upwards along the inside of the spiral coil, so that the heat exchange can be more sufficient.

[0010] Further, the spiral coil is arranged in a multi-head or single-head spiral pipe shape.

[0011] Further, the flame pressure plate is in a dome shape. The dome shape can make the high-temperature smoke rising uniformly diffuse to the periphery, and the thermal expansion and contraction of the flame pressure plate will not generate a large stress on the innermost layer of pipes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0013] Figure 2 It is Figure 1A top view of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 As Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of A.

[0015] Figure 4 As Figure 1 A working principle diagram of the present invention in the figure.

[0016] In the figure, 1 is a water collecting cavity, 2 is a support, 3 is a furnace, 4 is a spiral coil, 5 is a third smoke baffle, 6 is a shunt gap, 7 is a furnace body, 8 is a fin, 801 is a first flow separation component, 802 is a second flow separation component, 803 is a third flow separation component, 9 is a tube bank, 901 is an inner layer tube bank, 902 is a middle layer tube bank, 903 is an outer layer tube bank, 10 is a steam box, 11 is an inner cylinder, 12 is a steam outlet, 13 is a smoke outlet, 14 is a second smoke baffle, 15 is a flame pressure plate, 16 is a first smoke baffle, and 17 is a water inlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Example 1

[0018] As Figures 1-4 shown, a flame pressure type water tube boiler, the furnace body 7 is vertically arranged, the tube bank 9 is vertically arranged in the furnace body 7, the lower end of the tube bank 9 is connected to the circular ring-shaped water collecting cavity 1, the water collecting cavity 1 is connected to the water inlet pipe 17, the upper end of the tube bank 9 is connected to the steam box 10, the steam box 10 is provided with a steam outlet 12; in order to reduce the volume of the steam box 10, the inner cylinder 11 is arranged in the steam box 10, the inner cylinder can be used as an inspection passage, or other heat exchange devices can be arranged therein; the tube bank 9 is arranged in a concentric circular ring array, the tube bank 9 is provided with three layers from inside to outside, the flame pressure plate 15 is arranged in the circular cavity formed by the inner layer tube bank 901, and the lower side of the flame pressure plate 15 is the furnace 3; the spiral coil 4 is arranged on the outer periphery of the tube bank array in the furnace body 7, the spiral coil 4 can be used as a preheater, the spiral coil 4 can also be used as a steam superheater, or the spiral coil 4 is divided into groups, part of which is used as a preheater and part of which is used as a superheater; the smoke baffles are arranged between the adjacent layers of the tube bank 9 and between the outer layer tube bank 903 and the spiral coil 4, respectively, the smoke baffles are gradually raised in the height direction from the inner layer to the outer layer, the innermost smoke baffle is arranged on the periphery of the flame pressure plate 15, the flow separation components 8 are arranged between the same layer of the tube bank, or on the inner side or the outer side of the same layer of the tube bank, so that the space in the furnace 3 forms a reciprocating baffle passage between the flow separation components 8 and the smoke baffles, and the outermost side of the baffle passage is connected to the smoke outlet 13.

[0019] The smoke baffle includes a first smoke baffle 16 arranged between the inner layer pipe 901 and the middle layer pipe 902, a second smoke baffle 14 arranged between the middle layer pipe 902 and the outer layer pipe 903, and a third smoke baffle 5 arranged between the outer layer pipe 903 and the spiral coil 4; the flow separation component 8 includes a first flow separation component 801 arranged outside the outer layer pipe 903 and below the third smoke baffle 5, a second flow separation component 802 arranged outside the middle layer pipe 902 and above the second smoke baffle 14, and a third flow separation component 803 arranged outside the outer layer pipe 903 and between the third smoke baffle 5 and the steam cavity.

[0020] The pipe is provided with fins 8, the first flow separation component 801 and the third flow separation component 803 are connected by the fins 8 arranged outside the outer layer pipe 903; the second flow separation component 802 is connected by the fins 8 arranged outside the middle layer pipe 902, and gaps are left between the fins 8 arranged outside the inner layer pipe 901. The fins 8 can make the pipe 9 absorb heat more fully, and the flow separation component is connected by part of the fins 8, which forms part of the baffle passage while fully absorbing heat, and is used for two purposes, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0021] The flow separation component is not limited to the fins 8, and can be other components in the shape of a cylinder. The flow separation component can be fins welded on adjacent pipes.

[0022] The spiral coil 4 is provided with support members 2 at multiple points at the bottom, and the support members 2 support the spiral coil 4; the density of the spiral coil 4 located below the third smoke baffle 5 is greater than the density of the spiral coil 4 located above the third smoke baffle 5. At this time, the flue gas can partially pass through the gaps between the spiral coils 4, or can flow around the lower end of the spiral coil 4 and then flow upwards, that is, the spiral coils 4 located below the third smoke baffle 5 can be densely arranged, and gaps can be left between the spirals, or no gap can be left; the spiral coils 4 located above the third smoke baffle 5 are arranged with flow separation gaps 6 between the spirals, which is beneficial to the collection and discharge of flue gas. When the flue gas passes through the flow separation gap 6, part of the flue gas flows upwards along the outside of the spiral coil 4, and the other part flows upwards along the inside of the spiral coil 4, which can achieve more sufficient heat exchange.

[0023] The spiral coil 4 can be provided in a multi-head or single-head spiral pipe shape. The flame pressure plate 15 is preferably in the shape of a dome. The dome shape can make the high-temperature flue gas rising uniformly diffuse to the periphery, and the thermal expansion and contraction of the dome itself will not cause excessive stress on the innermost pipe.

[0024] In operation, fuel is combusted in the furnace 3, and due to the blocking of the flame pressure plate 15, the high-temperature flue gas after combustion will flow to the periphery, and then flow upwards along the baffle channel, sequentially passing through the inner layer of tubes 901 and the intermediate layer of tubes 902, and then passing downwards through the gap between the intermediate layer of tubes 902 and the outer layer of tubes 903, and then entering the space where the spiral coil 4 is located, and after the flue gas flows upwards and exchanges heat with the spiral coil 4, it is finally collected and discharged from the smoke outlet 13. In this process, the water in the tubes exchanges heat with the flue gas, thereby generating steam, and the medium in the spiral coil 4 also exchanges heat with the flue gas, thereby generating preheated water or superheated steam. The flow separation component is a key structure for forming the baffle channel, and the position relationship between the flow separation component and the smoke baffle plate enables the flue gas to flow both horizontally and vertically between the inner layer of tubes 901, the intermediate layer of tubes 902, the outer layer of tubes 903 and the spiral coil 4, thereby achieving sufficient heat exchange, and the thermal energy is distributed in a gradient from the inside to the outside, and the temperature of the flue gas is lower at the outer layer, so that the thermal energy in the flue gas can be more effectively utilized.

[0025] The flue gas flow channel of the present application is designed reasonably and heat exchange is sufficient. Due to the blocking of the flame pressure plate 15, the hottest flue gas can flow horizontally through the inner layer and the intermediate layer of tubes below the flame pressure plate 15. Such horizontal flow can achieve sufficient heat exchange. Therefore, the water level of the boiler can be set at the position of the height of the flame pressure plate 15. Since the water storage volume of the water collecting cavity 1 and the lower section of the tubes is small, the space inside the tubes above the water level is all in the vapor phase or vapor-liquid phase mixture. The hottest flue gas heats the tubes containing water, and the flue gas after temperature reduction further heats the steam or vapor-liquid mixture, so that the water is further evaporated to form steam. Therefore, when the flue gas flows upwards through the baffle channel and passes through each layer of tubes, the temperature of the flue gas has been reduced, so that the tubes will not be burned under the condition of small water storage. The present application can make the boiler small in size and large in steam production. In the traditional water tube boiler, the water tubes are full of water, and the steam is only evaporated in the steam drum. The lack of water in the water tubes can easily cause the water tubes to be burned. The design of the present application enables the high-temperature flue gas to be distributed in a gradient, and the water tubes do not need to be full of water to work normally, so that the present application can realize small water storage and large steam production. The present application can be made into a coal-fired, oil-fired, natural gas-fired or biomass energy boiler, and can be applied to various places where steam is needed.

[0026] In the technical solution practiced by the applicant, the diameter of the furnace body 7 is 1200mm, and the height is 3000mm. Under the premise that the boiler is filled with water in an amount of 30 liters or less, the steam production can reach 2T / h or more, truly achieving small size, small water filling amount and large steam production. The three vertical pipes 9 can also be changed to two vertical pipes, and the size of the furnace body can also be changed, so that the size can be determined according to the evaporation amount.

[0027] The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and on the basis of the technical solutions disclosed in the present application, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features without creative labor according to the disclosed technical content, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A flame-pressure water-tube boiler, comprising a vertically arranged furnace body, wherein tubes are vertically arranged within the furnace body, the lower ends of the tubes are connected to an annular water collecting chamber, the water collecting chamber is connected to an inlet pipe, and the upper ends of the tubes are connected to a steam box; characterized in that: The column tubes are arranged in concentric circular array, and the column tubes are provided with three layers from inside to outside. The circular cavity formed by the inner layer of column tubes is provided with a flame pressure plate, and the lower part of the flame pressure plate is a furnace chamber. A spiral coil is further arranged in the outer periphery of the column tube array in the furnace body. A smoke baffle is arranged between the column tubes of adjacent layers and between the outer layer of column tubes and the spiral coil. The smoke baffles are raised layer by layer in the height direction from the inner layer to the outer layer. The innermost smoke baffle is arranged at the periphery of the flame pressure plate. A flow separation component is arranged between the column tubes of the same layer, inside or outside the column tubes of the same layer, so that the space in the furnace chamber forms an up-and-down reciprocating baffle channel between the flow separation component and the smoke baffle. The outermost side of the baffle channel is connected to the smoke exhaust port. The smoke baffles include a first smoke baffle arranged between the inner layer of column tubes and the middle layer of column tubes, a second smoke baffle arranged between the middle layer of column tubes and the outer layer of column tubes, and a third smoke baffle arranged between the outer layer of column tubes and the spiral coil. The flow separation component includes a first flow separation component arranged outside the outer layer of column tubes and below the third smoke baffle, a second flow separation component arranged outside the middle layer of column tubes and above the second smoke baffle, and a third flow separation component arranged outside the outer layer of column tubes and between the third smoke baffle and the steam cavity. The column tubes are provided with fins. The first flow separation component and the third flow separation component are connected by the fins arranged outside the outer layer of column tubes. The second flow separation component is connected by the fins arranged outside the middle layer of column tubes. The fins arranged outside the inner layer of column tubes have a shunt gap. The density of the spiral coil below the third smoke baffle is greater than the density of the spiral coil above the third smoke baffle. The third smoke baffle is arranged obliquely, and a smoke shunt channel is left between the third smoke baffle and the spiral coil above the third smoke baffle.

2. A flame tube boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that The spiral coil is arranged in multiple heads or a single head.

3. A flame tube boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame pressure plate is in the shape of a dome.

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