Compound, light-emitting device including the compound, and electronic device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a compound represented by Formula 1, a light-emitting device including the compound, and an electronic device. When the compound represented by Formula 1 is used in a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, it may have higher efficiency characteristics than compounds in the prior art, and in particular, may have excellent effects in terms of improving lifespan, resulting in a significant increase in the lifespan of the light-emitting device: Formula 1

Description

[0001] Cross - reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10 - 2020 - 0056151, filed with the Korean Intellectual Property Office on May 11, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical field

[0003] One or more aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure relate to compounds and light - emitting devices including the compounds. Background art

[0004] An organic light - emitting device is a self - emissive device, which may have a wide viewing angle, high contrast ratio, short response time, and / or excellent characteristics in terms of brightness, driving voltage, and / or response speed compared to devices in the prior art.

[0005] An example organic light - emitting device includes a first electrode disposed on a substrate, and a hole - transport region, an emission layer, an electron - transport region, and a second electrode disposed in sequence on the first electrode. Holes provided from the first electrode may move to the emission layer through the hole - transport region, and electrons provided from the second electrode may move to the emission layer through the electron - transport region. Carriers (such as holes and electrons) may recombine in the emission layer to generate excitons. These excitons may transition from an excited state to a ground state, thereby generating light. Summary of the invention

[0006] One or more aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure relate to host compounds having a T1 value higher than (i.e., a higher T1 triplet - state energy value) that of compounds in the prior art and devices including the host compounds.

[0007] Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be recognized by practice of the presented embodiments of the disclosure.

[0008] One or more example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a compound represented by Formula 1:

[0009] Formula 1

[0010]

[0011] In Formula 1,

[0012] X 1 may be N or CR 3 , X 2 may be N or CR 4 , and X 3 may be N or CR 5 ,

[0013] R1 to R 5 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 6 -C 60 arylthio, -B(Q 1 )(Q 2 ), -C(=O)(Q 1 ), -Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 ) and -P(=O)(Q 1 )(Q 2 ),

[0014] R 10a may be:

[0015] deuterium (-D), -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano or nitro,

[0016] each unsubstituted or substituted by the following C 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 2 -C 60 alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 alkynyl or C 1 -C 60 alkoxy: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 3 -C60 Carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy group, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio group, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 11 )、-P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof,

[0017] Each unsubstituted or substituted by the following C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy group or C 6 -C 60 Arylthio group: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl group, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl group, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl group, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy group, C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy group, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio group, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 21 )、-P(=O)(Q 21)(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof, or

[0018] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O) 2 (Q 31 ), or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ),

[0019] wherein Q 1 to Q 3 , Q 11 to Q 13 , Q 21 to Q 23 and Q 31 to Q 33 can each independently be: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C 1 -C 60 alkyl; C 2 -C 60 alkenyl; C 2 -C 60 alkynyl; C 1 -C 60 alkoxy; or C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group or C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted by: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 1 -C 60 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0020] One or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide a light-emitting device, comprising:

[0021] a first electrode,

[0022] a second electrode facing the first electrode, and

[0023] a sandwich layer located between the first electrode and the second electrode and comprising an emission layer,

[0024] wherein the sandwich layer comprises the above compound.

[0025] One or more example embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electronic device including a light-emitting device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of certain embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Reference will now be made in more detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout and their repeated description may not be provided. In this regard, the present embodiments may have different forms and should not be construed as limited to the description set forth herein. Accordingly, the embodiments are described below only by referring to the drawings to explain aspects of the present description. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Throughout the present disclosure, the expression "at least one of a, b, and c" may indicate only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, all of a, b, and c, or variations thereof.

[0031] As used herein, expressions such as "at least one...", "one...", and "selected from..." when preceding a list of elements modify the entire list of elements and not a single element in the list. It should be further understood that the terms "includes", "including", "comprises", and / or "comprising" when used in this specification specify the presence of the recited features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0032] In addition, the use of "may" in describing embodiments of the present disclosure refers to "one or more embodiments of the present disclosure".

[0033] The compound represented by Formula 1 according to an aspect is as follows:

[0034] Formula 1

[0035]

[0036] In Formula 1,

[0037] X 1 can be N or CR 3 , X 2 can be N or CR 4 , and X 3 can be N or CR 5 ,

[0038] R 1 to R 5 can each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 6 -C 60 arylthio, -B(Q 1 )(Q 2 ), -C(=O)(Q 1 ), -Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 ) and -P(=O)(Q 1 )(Q 2 ),

[0039] R 10a can be:

[0040] deuterium (-D), -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro;

[0041] C, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 2 -C 60 alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 alkynyl or C 1 -C 60 alkoxy: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 arylsulfanyl, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 11 )、-P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof;

[0042] C, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 aryloxy or C 6 -C 60 arylsulfanyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 2 -C 60 alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 alkoxy, C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 arylsulfanyl, -Si(Q 21)(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、 -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、 -B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、 -C(=O)(Q 21 )、 -S(=O) 2 (Q 21 )、 -P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0043] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、 -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、 -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、 -C(=O)(Q 31 )、 -S(=O) 2 (Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ),

[0044] wherein Q 1 to Q 3 、 Q 11 to Q 13 、 Q 21 to Q 23 and Q 31 to Q 33 can each independently be: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxy; cyano; nitro; C 1 -C 60 alkyl; C 2 -C 60 alkenyl; C 2 -C 60 alkynyl; C 1 -C 60 alkoxy; or C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group or C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, each unsubstituted or substituted by: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 1 -C 60 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof.

[0045] The compound represented by Formula 1 according to the embodiment introduces a steric hindrance effect (e.g., the steric interaction between the phenyl substituents of the optionally substituted aryl and the tetraphenylmethane moiety), and due to the increased exciton binding energy, may thus exhibit a higher T1 value (e.g., a higher T1 triplet energy value) and higher efficiency than the compounds in the prior art. In addition, the compound may have improved hole transport ability compared to the compounds in the prior art.

[0046] In the compound represented by Formula 1 according to the embodiment, the phenyl groups of the tetraphenylmethane moiety are unsubstituted (e.g., three phenyl groups are not used as the connection of the compound to any other moiety and do not have any substituents other than hydrogen).

[0047] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 1 may be represented by Formula 2:

[0048] Formula 2

[0049]

[0050] In Formula 2, X 1 、X 2 、X 3 、R 1 and R 2 may each independently be the same as described in connection with Formula 1. In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 1 may be represented by Formula 3:

[0051] Formula 3

[0052]

[0053] In Formula 3, X 1 、X 2 、X 3 、R 1 and R 2 may each independently be the same as described in connection with Formula 1. In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 1 may be represented by Formula 4:

[0054] Formula 4

[0055]

[0056] In Formula 4, X 1 、X 2 、X 3 、R 1 and R 2 may each independently be the same as described in connection with Formula 1.

[0057] In an embodiment, the moiety of Formula 1 may be selected from Formulas 2a to 2d:

[0058]

[0059] In Formulas 2a to 2d, * is a binding site to an adjacent atom, and R 1 to R 5 can each independently be the same as described for Formula 1.

[0060] In some embodiments, in Formulas 2a to 2d, R 3 , R 4 and R 5 can each be hydrogen.

[0061] In an embodiment, R 1 of Formula 1 is optionally selected from: pyrrolyl, thienyl, furyl, silolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phenanthridinyl, acridinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzosilolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, dibenzosilolyl, carbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, thiadiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, oxazolopyridyl, thiazolopyridyl, benzonaphthyridinyl, azafuranyl, azaspiro - difluorenyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothienyl and azadibenzosilolyl; and

[0062] pyrrolyl, thienyl, furyl, silolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phenanthridinyl, acridinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzosilolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, dibenzosilolyl, carbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, thiadiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, oxazolopyridyl, thiazolopyridyl, benzonaphthyridinyl, azafuranyl, azaspiro - difluorenyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothienyl and azadibenzosilolyl each substituted with: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 2-C 20 alkenyl, C 2 -C 20 alkynyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 20 aryl, C 1 -C 20 heteroaryl, or any combination thereof.

[0063] In an embodiment, R of Formula 1 1 is optionally selected from Formulas 3a and 3b:

[0064]

[0065] In Formulas 3a and 3b, Z 11 to Z 14 can each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro - bifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, dibenzofluorenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, pyrenyl, 1,2 - benzophenanthrenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, triazinyl, benzimidazolyl, phenanthrolinyl, or any combination thereof,

[0066] a11, a12, and a14 can each independently be an integer selected from 1 to 4, and * indicates the binding site to an adjacent atom.

[0067] For example, in Formula 3a, Z 11 and Z 12 can each independently be hydrogen or deuterium.

[0068] In an embodiment, R of Formula 1 2 can be unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 6 -C 60 aryl or unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl.

[0069] In an embodiment, R of Formula 1 2 is optionally selected from Formulas 4a to 4c.

[0070]

[0071] In Formulas 4a to 4c, H 1 can be O, S, CR 11 R 12 or NR 13 , and H 2 can be CR 14 or N,

[0072] R 11 to R 14 and Z 15 to Z 18 can each independently be: hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 heteroaryl or -Si(Q 41 )(Q 42 )(Q 43 ); or

[0073] C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl substituted with: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 2 -C 20 alkenyl, C 2 -C 20 alkynyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 20 aryl, C 6 -C 20 aryloxy, C 6 -C 20 arylthio, C 1 -C 20 heteroaryl, a monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -B(Q 51 )(Q52 ), -C(=O)(Q 51 ), -Si(Q 51 )(Q 52 )(Q 53 ), -P(=O)(Q 51 )(Q 52 ) or any combination thereof,

[0074] Q 41 to Q 43 and Q 51 to Q 53 may each independently be C 1 -C 20 alkyl or C 6 -C 20 aryl,

[0075] a15 may be an integer selected from 1 to 5, a16 and a17 may each independently be an integer selected from 1 to 4, a18 may be an integer selected from 1 to 3, and * indicates the binding site to the adjacent atom.

[0076] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 1 may be represented by Formula 5.

[0077] Formula 5

[0078]

[0079] In Formula 5, X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and R 2 are each independently the same as those described in connection with Formula 1,

[0080] Z 11 and Z 12 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-bifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, dibenzofluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, pyrenyl, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, triazinyl, benzimidazolyl, phenanthrolinyl or any combination thereof, and

[0081] a11 and a12 may each independently be an integer selected from 1 to 4.

[0082] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 1 may be represented by Formula 6:

[0083] Formula 6

[0084]

[0085] In Formula 6, X 1 、X 2 、X 3 and R 2 may each independently be the same as described in connection with Formula 1,

[0086] Z 11 and Z 12 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-bifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, dibenzofluorenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, pyrenyl, 1,2-benzophenanthrenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, triazinyl, benzimidazolyl, phenanthrolinyl or any combination thereof, and

[0087] a11 and a12 may each independently be an integer selected from 1 to 4.

[0088] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 1 may be represented by Formula 7.

[0089] Formula 7

[0090]

[0091] In Formula 7, X 1 、X 2 、X 3 and R 2 may each independently be the same as described in connection with Formula 1,

[0092] Z 11 and Z 12 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-bifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, dibenzofluorenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, pyrenyl, 1,2-benzophenanthrenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, triazinyl, benzimidazolyl, phenanthrolinyl or any combination thereof, and

[0093] a11 and a12 can each independently be an integer selected from 1 to 4.

[0094] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 1 can be selected from the following compounds:

[0095]

[0096]

[0097]

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] As used herein, the expression “(the interlayer) includes at least one compound” can include the case where “(the interlayer) includes the same compound represented by Formula 1 (e.g., a single compound)” and the case where “(the interlayer) includes two or more different compounds represented by Formula 1”.

[0101] For example, the interlayer can include only Compound 1 (e.g., the first compound) as the compound. In this regard, Compound 1 can be included in the emission layer of the light-emitting device. In an embodiment, the interlayer can include Compound 1 and Compound 2 (e.g., the first compound and the second compound) as the compounds. In this regard, Compound 1 and Compound 2 can be included in the same layer (e.g., Compound 1 and Compound 2 can be simultaneously included in the emission layer), or in different layers (e.g., Compound 1 can be included in the emission layer and Compound 2 can be included in the electron transport region).

[0102] One or more example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a light-emitting device including:

[0103] A first electrode;

[0104] A second electrode facing the first electrode; and

[0105] An interlayer located between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer,

[0106] wherein the interlayer includes a compound represented by Formula 1. For example, the light-emitting device can be an organic light-emitting device.

[0107] In an embodiment,

[0108] The first electrode of the light-emitting device can be an anode,

[0109] The second electrode of the light-emitting device can be a cathode,

[0110] The interlayer may further include a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer, and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode.

[0111] The hole transport region may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission assisting layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof, and

[0112] The electron transport region may include a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0113] In an embodiment, the emission layer may be a phosphorescent emission layer. For example, the emission layer may be a blue phosphorescent emission layer.

[0114] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 1 may be included as a host compound in the phosphorescent emission layer (e.g., as a phosphorescent host).

[0115] In an embodiment, the emission layer may be a fluorescent emission layer. For example, the emission layer may be a blue fluorescent emission layer.

[0116] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 1 may be included as a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material in the fluorescent emission layer (e.g., as a TADF host).

[0117] One or more example embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electronic device including a light-emitting device.

[0118] In an embodiment, the electronic device may further include a thin-film transistor,

[0119] The thin-film transistor may include a source electrode, a drain electrode, an active layer, and a gate electrode, and the first electrode of the light-emitting device may be electrically connected to one of the source electrode and the drain electrode of the thin-film transistor.

[0120] As used herein, the term "interlayer" may refer to a single layer and / or multiple (all) layers between the first electrode and the second electrode of the light-emitting device. The materials included in the "interlayer(s)" may be organic materials, inorganic materials, or any combination thereof.

[0121] Figure 1 description

[0122] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device 10 according to an embodiment. The light-emitting device 10 includes a first electrode 110, an interlayer 130, and a second electrode 150.

[0123] Hereinafter, the structure of the light-emitting device 10 according to an embodiment and a method of manufacturing the light-emitting device 10 will be described in conjunction with Figure 1 to describe.

[0124] The first electrode 110

[0125] In Figure 1 , the substrate may be located below the first electrode 110 and / or above the second electrode 150. The substrate may be a glass substrate and / or a plastic substrate. In an embodiment, the substrate may be a flexible substrate and may include a plastic (such as polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate (PAR), polyetherimide, or any combination thereof) having excellent or suitable heat resistance and / or excellent or suitable durability.

[0126] The first electrode 110 may be formed by depositing and / or sputtering a material for forming the first electrode 110 on the substrate. When the first electrode 110 is an anode, a material having a high work function that can easily inject holes may be used to form the first electrode 110.

[0127] The first electrode 110 may be a reflective electrode, a semi-transparent electrode, or a transparent electrode. When the first electrode 110 is a transparent electrode, the material for forming the first electrode 110 may include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, when the first electrode 110 is a semi-transparent electrode or a reflective electrode, the material for forming the first electrode 110 may include magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), or any combination thereof.

[0128] The first electrode 110 may have a single-layer structure (consisting of a single layer) or a multi-layer structure (including multiple layers). For example, the first electrode 110 may have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO, but the structure of the first electrode 110 is not limited thereto.

[0129] Interlayer 130

[0130] The interlayer 130 is located on the first electrode 110. The interlayer 130 includes an emission layer.

[0131] The interlayer 130 may further include a hole transport region between the first electrode 110 and the emission layer, and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode 150.

[0132] In addition to various organic materials, the interlayer 130 may further include a metal-containing compound (such as an organometallic compound and / or an inorganic material such as a quantum dot, etc.).

[0133] In some embodiments, the interlayer 130 may include: i) two or more emission units stacked in sequence between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 150, and ii) a charge generation layer between the two or more emission units. When the interlayer 130 includes two or more emission units and a charge generation layer, the light-emitting device 10 may be a series light-emitting device.

[0134] The hole transport region in the interlayer 130

[0135] The hole transport region may have: i) a single-layer structure composed of a single material, ii) a single-layer structure including a plurality of different materials, or iii) a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers (including different materials).

[0136] The hole transport region may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission assist layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof.

[0137] For example, the hole transport region may have a multi-layer structure including a hole injection layer / hole transport layer, a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / emission assist layer, a hole injection layer / emission assist layer, a hole transport layer / emission assist layer, or a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / electron blocking layer, where the constituent layers of each structure are stacked in sequence on the first electrode 110.

[0138] The hole transport region may include a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof:

[0139] Formula 201

[0140]

[0141] Formula 202

[0142]

[0143] In Formula 201 and Formula 202,

[0144] L 201 to L 204 may each independently be an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0145] L 205 may be *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q 201 )-*', an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C20 An alkylene group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a -C 2 -C 20 An alkenylene group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a -C 3 -C 60 A carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or substituted C 10a -C 1 -C 60 A heterocyclic group,

[0146] xa1 to xa4 can each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 5,

[0147] xa5 can be an integer selected from 1 to 10,

[0148] R 201 to R 204 and Q 201 can each independently be an unsubstituted or substituted C 10a -C 3 -C 60 A carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or substituted C 10a -C 1 -C 60 A heterocyclic group,

[0149] R 201 and R 202 can optionally be connected by a single bond, an unsubstituted or substituted C 10a -C 1 -C 5 An alkylene group or an unsubstituted or substituted C 10a -C 2 -C 5 An alkenylene group are connected to each other to form an unsubstituted or substituted C 10a -C 8 -C 60 A polycyclic group (e.g., a carbazolyl group, such as in compound HT16), and

[0150] R 203 and R 204 can optionally be connected by a single bond, an unsubstituted or substituted C 10a -C 1 -C 5 An alkylene group or an unsubstituted or substituted C 10a -C 2 -C 5 An alkenylene group are connected to each other to form an unsubstituted or substituted C 10a -C 8 -C60 Polycyclic group.

[0151] For example, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may include at least one of the groups represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY217:

[0152]

[0153] In Formulas CY201 to CY217, R 10b and R 10c may each independently be the same as described in connection with R 10a described, ring CY 201 to ring CY 204 may each independently be a C 3 -C 20 carbocyclic group or a C 1 -C 20 heterocyclic group, and Formulas CY201 to CY217 may be unsubstituted or at least one hydrogen may be substituted by at least one R as described in this specification 10a substituted.

[0154] In an embodiment, ring CY in Formulas CY201 to CY217 201 to ring CY 204 may each independently be phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl or anthracenyl.

[0155] In an embodiment, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may include at least one of the groups represented by Formulas CY201 to CY203.

[0156] In an embodiment, Formula 201 may include at least one of the groups represented by Formulas CY201 to CY203 and at least one of the groups represented by Formulas CY204 to CY217.

[0157] In an embodiment, in Formula 201, xa1 may be 1, R 201 may be a group represented by one of Formulas CY201 to CY203, xa2 may be 0, and R 202 may be a group represented by one of Formulas CY204 to CY207.

[0158] In an embodiment, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may not include any of the groups represented by Formulas CY201 to CY203.

[0159] In an embodiment, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may not include any of the groups represented by Formulas CY201 to CY203 and may include at least one of the groups represented by Formulas CY204 to CY217.

[0160] In one embodiment, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may not include any of the groups represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY217.

[0161] In an embodiment, the hole transport region may include one of Compounds HT1 to HT44, m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB (NPD), β-NPB, TPD, spiro-TPD, spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4’,4”-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS), or any combination thereof:

[0162]

[0163]

[0164]

[0165]

[0166]

[0167] The thickness of the hole transport region may be about to about For example, about to about When the hole transport region includes at least one of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer, the thickness of the hole injection layer may be about to about For example, about to about And the thickness of the hole transport layer may be about to about For example, about to about When the thicknesses of the hole transport region, the hole injection layer, and the hole transport layer are within these ranges, satisfactory hole transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0168] The emission assisting layer can increase the light emission efficiency of the device by compensating for the optical resonance distance of the wavelength of the light emitted by the emission layer, and the electron blocking layer can block or reduce the electron flow from the electron transport region. The emission assisting layer and the electron blocking layer may include the materials described above.

[0169] p-dopant

[0170] In addition to these materials, the hole transport region may include a charge generation material for improving the conductive properties. The charge generation material may be dispersed substantially uniformly or non-uniformly in the hole transport region and may, in some embodiments, take the form of a layer composed of the charge generation material.

[0171] The charge generation material may be, for example, a p-dopant.

[0172] In some embodiments, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of the p-dopant may be less than or equal to about -3.5 eV.

[0173] In embodiments, the p-dopant may include a quinone derivative, a cyano-containing compound, a compound containing element EL1 and element EL2 (e.g., a compound containing element EL1 and element EL2), or any combination thereof.

[0174] Non-limiting examples of quinone derivatives include TCNQ and F4-TCNQ.

[0175] Non-limiting examples of cyano-containing compounds include HAT-CN and the compound represented by Formula 221:

[0176]

[0177] Formula 221

[0178]

[0179] In Formula 221,

[0180] R 221 to R 223 may each independently be an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, and

[0181] R 221 to R 223 at least one of which may each independently be a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group or C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group substituted by: cyano; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; C 1 -C 20 alkyl substituted by cyano, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, or any combination thereof; or any combination thereof.

[0182] In a compound containing element EL1 and element EL2, element EL1 can be a metal, a metalloid, or a combination thereof, and element EL2 can be a non-metal, a metalloid, or a combination thereof.

[0183] Non-limiting examples of metals include: alkali metals (e.g., lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), or cesium (Cs)); alkaline earth metals (e.g., beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), or barium (Ba)); transition metals (e.g., titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), manganese (Mn), technetium (Tc), rhenium (Re), iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), or gold (Au)); post-transition metals (e.g., zinc (Zn), indium (In), or tin (Sn)); and lanthanide metals (e.g., lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), or lutetium (Lu)).

[0184] Non-limiting examples of metalloids include silicon (Si), antimony (Sb), and tellurium (Te).

[0185] Non-limiting examples of non-metals include oxygen (O) and halogens (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I).

[0186] For example, the compound containing element EL1 and element EL2 can include metal oxides, metal halides (e.g., metal fluorides, metal chlorides, metal bromides, or metal iodides), metalloid halides (e.g., metalloid fluorides, metalloid chlorides, metalloid bromides, or metalloid iodides), metal tellurides, or any combination thereof.

[0187] Non-limiting examples of metal oxides include tungsten oxides (e.g., WO, W 2 O 3 , WO 2 , WO 3 or W 2 O 5 ), vanadium oxides (e.g., VO, V 2 O 3 , VO 2 or V 2 O 5 ), molybdenum oxides (MoO, Mo 2 O 3 , MoO 2, MoO 3 or Mo 2 O 5 ), and rhenium oxides (e.g., ReO 3 ).

[0188] Non-limiting examples of metal halides include alkali metal halides, alkaline earth metal halides, transition metal halides, post-transition metal halides, and lanthanide metal halides.

[0189] Non-limiting examples of alkali metal halides include LiF, NaF, KF, RbF, CsF, LiCl, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl, LiBr, NaBr, KBr, RbBr, CsBr, LiI, NaI, KI, RbI, and CsI.

[0190] Non-limiting examples of alkaline earth metal halides include BeF 2 , MgF 2 , CaF 2 , SrF 2 , BaF 2 , BeCl 2 , MgCl 2 , CaCl 2 , SrCl 2 , BaCl 2 , BeBr 2 , MgBr 2 , CaBr 2 , SrBr 2 , BaBr 2 , BeI 2 , MgI 2 , CaI 2 , SrI 2 , and BaI 2 .

[0191] Non-limiting examples of transition metal halides include titanium halides (e.g., TiF 4 , TiCl 4 , TiBr 4 or TiI 4 ), zirconium halides (e.g., ZrF 4 , ZrCl 4 , ZrBr 4 or ZrI 4 ), hafnium halides (e.g., HfF 4 , HfCl 4 , HfBr 4 or HfI 4 ), vanadium halides (e.g., VF 3 , VCl 3 , VBr3 or VI 3 ), niobium halides (e.g., NbF 3 , NbCl 3 , NbBr 3 or NbI 3 ), tantalum halides (e.g., TaF 3 , TaCl 3 , TaBr 3 or TaI 3 ), chromium halides (e.g., CrF 3 , CrCl 3 , CrBr 3 or CrI 3 ), molybdenum halides (e.g., MoF 3 , MoCl 3 , MoBr 3 or MoI 3 ), tungsten halides (e.g., WF 3 , WCl 3 , WBr 3 or WI 3 ), manganese halides (e.g., MnF 2 , MnCl 2 , MnBr 2 or MnI 2 ), technetium halides (e.g., TcF 2 , TcCl 2 , TcBr 2 or TcI 2 ), rhenium halides (e.g., ReF 2 , ReCl 2 , ReBr 2 or ReI 2 ), iron halides (e.g., FeF 2 , FeCl 2 , FeBr 2 or FeI 2 ), ruthenium halides (e.g., RuF 2 , RuCl 2 , RuBr 2 or RuI 2 ), osmium halides (e.g., OsF 2 , OsCl 2 , OsBr 2 or OsI 2 ), cobalt halides (e.g., CoF 2 , CoCl 2 , CoBr 2 or CoI 2 ), rhodium halides (e.g., RhF 2, RhCl 2 , RhBr 2 or RhI 2 ), iridium halides (e.g., IrF 2 , IrCl 2 , IrBr 2 or IrI 2 ), nickel halides (e.g., NiF 2 , NiCl 2 , NiBr 2 or NiI 2 ), palladium halides (e.g., PdF 2 , PdCl 2 , PdBr 2 or PdI 2 ), platinum halides (e.g., PtF 2 , PtCl 2 , PtBr 2 or PtI 2 ), copper halides (e.g., CuF, CuCl, CuBr or CuI), silver halides (e.g., AgF, AgCl, AgBr or AgI) and gold halides (e.g., AuF, AuCl, AuBr or AuI).

[0192] Non-limiting examples of post-transition metal halides include zinc halides (e.g., ZnF 2 , ZnCl 2 , ZnBr 2 or ZnI 2 ), indium halides (e.g., InI 3 ) and tin halides (e.g., SnI 2 ).

[0193] Non-limiting examples of lanthanide metal halides include YbF, YbF 2 , YbF 3 , SmF 3 , YbCl, YbCl 2 , YbCl 3 , SmCl 3 , YbBr, YbBr 2 , YbBr 3 , SmBr 3 , YbI, YbI 2 , YbI 3 and SmI 3 .

[0194] Non-limiting examples of metalloid halides include antimony halides (e.g., SbCl 5 ).

[0195] Non-limiting examples of metal tellurides include alkali metal tellurides (e.g., Li 2 Te, Na 2 Te, K 2 Te, Rb 2 Te, or Cs 2 Te), alkaline earth metal tellurides (e.g., BeTe, MgTe, CaTe, SrTe, or BaTe), transition metal tellurides (e.g., TiTe 2 ZrTe 2 HfTe 2 V 2 Te 3 Nb 2 Te 3 Ta 2 Te 3 Cr 2 Te 3 Mo 2 Te 3 W 2 Te 3 MnTe, TcTe, ReTe, FeTe, RuTe, OsTe, CoTe, RhTe, IrTe, NiTe, PdTe, PtTe, Cu 2 Te, CuTe, Ag 2 Te, AgTe, or Au 2 Te), post-transition metal tellurides (e.g., ZnTe), and lanthanide metal tellurides (e.g., LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe, or LuTe).

[0196] The emission layer in the interlayer 130

[0197] When the light-emitting device 10 is a full-color light-emitting device, the emission layer may be patterned into a red emission layer, a green emission layer, and / or a blue emission layer according to the sub-pixels. In an embodiment, the emission layer may have a stacked structure of two or more layers among the red emission layer, the green emission layer, and the blue emission layer, where the two or more layers may be in contact with each other or may be separated from each other. In an embodiment, the emission layer may include two or more materials among a red light-emitting material, a green light-emitting material, and a blue light-emitting material, where the two or more materials are mixed with each other in a single layer to emit white light.

[0198] The emission layer may include a host and a dopant. The dopant may include a phosphorescent dopant, a fluorescent dopant, or any combination thereof.

[0199] The emission layer may include a compound represented by Formula 1 according to an embodiment.

[0200] Based on 100 parts by weight of the host, the amount of the dopant in the emission layer may be from about 0.01 part by weight to about 15 parts by weight. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0201] In an embodiment, the emission layer may include quantum dots.

[0202] In some embodiments, the emission layer may include a delayed fluorescence material. The delayed fluorescence material may act as a host or a dopant in the emission layer.

[0203] The thickness of the emission layer may be about to about For example, about to about When the thickness of the emission layer is within this range, excellent light emission characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0204] Host

[0205] The host may include a compound represented by Formula 1.

[0206] In addition to the compound represented by Formula 1, the host may further include, for example, a compound represented by Formula 301:

[0207] Formula 301

[0208] [Ar 301 xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 xb21 .

[0209] In Formula 301,

[0210] Ar 301 and L 301 may each independently be an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0211] xb11 may be 1, 2 or 3,

[0212] xb1 may be an integer selected from 0 to 5,

[0213] R 301 may be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C​​60 An alkyl group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 2 -C 60 An alkenyl group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 2 -C 60 An alkynyl group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 An alkoxy group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 3 -C 60 A carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 A heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 301 )(Q 302 )(Q 303 )、-N(Q 301 )(Q 302 )、-B(Q 301 )(Q 302 )、-C(=O)(Q 301 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 301 ) or -P(=O)(Q 301 )(Q 302 ),

[0214] xb21 can be an integer selected from 1 to 5, and

[0215] Q 301 to Q 303 can each independently be the same as described for Q in this specification 1 described.

[0216] In an embodiment, when xb11 in Formula 301 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 301 can be connected to each other via a single bond.

[0217] In an embodiment, the host can include a compound represented by Formula 301-1, a compound represented by Formula 301-2, or any combination thereof:

[0218] Formula 301-1

[0219]

[0220] Formula 301-2

[0221]

[0222] In Formulas 301-1 and 301-2,

[0223] Ring A 301 to Ring A 304 may each independently be an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0224] X 301 may be O, S, N-[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 , C(R 304 )(R 305 ) or Si(R 304 )(R 305 ),

[0225] xb22 and xb23 may each independently be 0, 1 or 2,

[0226] L 301 , xb1 and R 301 may each independently be the same as described previously,

[0227] L 302 to L 304 may each independently be the same as described in connection with L 301 described,

[0228] xb2 to xb4 may each independently be the same as described in connection with xb1, and

[0229] R 302 to R 305 and R 311 to R 314 may each independently be the same as described in connection with R 301 described.

[0230] In an embodiment, the host may include an alkaline earth metal complex. For example, the host may be a Be complex (e.g., Compound H55), a Mg complex, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the host may be a Zn complex.

[0231] In an embodiment, the host may include one of compounds H1 to H124, 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN), 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (MADN), 9,10-di-(2-naphthyl)-2-tert-butyl-anthracene (TBADN), 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-di-9-carbazolylbenzene (mCP), 1,3,5-tris(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (TCP), or any combination thereof:

[0232]

[0233]

[0234]

[0235]

[0236]

[0237]

[0238]

[0239] Phosphorescent dopant

[0240] The phosphorescent dopant may include at least one transition metal as the central metal.

[0241] The phosphorescent dopant may include a monodentate ligand, a bidentate ligand, a tridentate ligand, a tetradentate ligand, a pentadentate ligand, a hexadentate ligand, or any combination thereof.

[0242] The phosphorescent dopant may be electrically neutral (e.g., may be uncharged).

[0243] For example, the phosphorescent dopant may include an organometallic compound represented by Formula 401:

[0244] Formula 401

[0245] M(L 401 ) xc1 (L 402 ) xc2 .

[0246] In Formula 401,

[0247] M may be a transition metal (e.g., iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), rhodium (Rh), rhenium (Re), or thulium (Tm)),

[0248] L 401can be a ligand represented by Formula 402, and xc1 can be 1, 2, or 3, where when xc1 is 2 or greater, two or more Ls 401 can be the same as or different from each other,

[0249] L 402 can be an organic ligand, xc2 can be 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, and when xc2 is 2 or greater, two or more Ls 402 can be the same as or different from each other,

[0250] Formula 402

[0251]

[0252] In Formula 402, X 401 and X 402 can each independently be nitrogen or carbon,

[0253] Ring A 401 and Ring A 402 can each independently be a C 5 -C 60 carbocyclic group or a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0254] T 401 can be a single bond, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q 411 ), -C(Q 411 )(Q 412 ), -C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 ), -C(Q 411 )= or =C(Q 411 ),

[0255] X 403 and X 404 can each independently be a chemical bond (e.g., a covalent bond or a coordination bond), O, S, N(Q 413 ), B(Q 413 ), P(Q 413 ), C(Q 413 )(Q 414 ) or Si(Q 413 )(Q 414 ),

[0256] Q 411 to Q 414 can each independently be the same as described for binding Q 1 and

[0257] R 401 and R 402Each may independently be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 20 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 401 )(Q 402 )(Q 403 ), -N(Q 401 )(Q 402 ), -B(Q 401 )(Q 402 ), -C(=O)(Q 401 ), -S(=O) 2 (Q 401 ), or -P(=O)(Q 401 )(Q 402 ),

[0258] Q 401 to Q 403 may each independently be the same as described for the binding Q 1 described,

[0259] xc11 and xc12 may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 10, and

[0260] * and *' in Formula 402 each indicate the binding site to M in Formula 401.

[0261] In an embodiment, in Formula 402, i) X 401 may be nitrogen, and X 402 may be carbon, or ii) X 401 and X 402 both may (e.g., simultaneously) be nitrogen.

[0262] In an embodiment, when xc1 in Formula 402 is 2 or greater, two or more of the two ring A 401 in L 401 may optionally be connected to each other via T 402 (which is a linking group), or two or more of the two ring A 401 in L 402 may optionally be connected to each other via T 403(which is a linking group) are connected to each other (see Compounds PD1 to PD4 and PD7). T 402 and T 403 can each independently bind to T 401 described the same.

[0263] L in Formula 401 402 can be an organic ligand. For example, L 402 can be a halogen group, a diketone group (e.g., acetylacetonyl), a carboxylic acid group (e.g., picolinic acid group), -C(=O), an isocyano group, a -CN group, a phosphorus group (e.g., phosphino or phosphite group), or any combination thereof.

[0264] The phosphorescent dopant can include, for example, one or any combination of Compounds PD1 to PD25:

[0265]

[0266]

[0267] Fluorescent dopant

[0268] The fluorescent dopant can include an amine group-containing compound, a styryl group-containing compound, or any combination thereof.

[0269] For example, the fluorescent dopant can include a compound represented by Formula 501:

[0270] Formula 501

[0271]

[0272] In Formula 501,

[0273] Ar 501 、L 501 to L 503 、R 501 and R 502 can each independently be an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0274] xd1 to xd3 can each independently be 0, 1, 2, or 3, and

[0275] xd4 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

[0276] In an embodiment, in Formula 501, Ar 501It may include a fused ring group in which three or more monocyclic groups are fused (e.g., anthryl, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, or pyrenyl).

[0277] In an embodiment, xd4 in Formula 501 may be 2.

[0278] In an embodiment, the fluorescent dopant may include: one of Compounds FD1 to FD36; DPVBi; DPAVBi; or any combination thereof:

[0279]

[0280]

[0281]

[0282] Thermally activated delayed fluorescence material

[0283] The emission layer may include a thermally activated delayed fluorescence material.

[0284] The thermally activated delayed fluorescence material in this specification may be selected from compounds configured to emit thermally activated delayed fluorescence according to the thermally activated delayed fluorescence emission mechanism.

[0285] The thermally activated delayed fluorescence material included in the emission layer may act as a host or a dopant depending on other materials included in the emission layer.

[0286] In an embodiment, the difference between the triplet energy level (eV) and the singlet energy level (eV) of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence material may be greater than or equal to about 0 eV and less than or equal to about 0.5 eV. When the difference between the triplet energy level (eV) and the singlet energy level (eV) of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence material satisfies the above range, upconversion from the triplet state to the singlet state in the thermally activated delayed fluorescence material can be effectively performed, so that the luminous efficiency of the light-emitting device 10 can be improved.

[0287] For example, the thermally activated delayed fluorescence material may include: i) a material including at least one electron donor (e.g., a π - electron rich C 3 -C 60 ring group such as a carbazolyl group) and at least one electron acceptor (e.g., a sulfinyl group, a cyano group, and a C 1 -C 60 ring group containing a π - electron deficient nitrogen), or ii) a material including a C 8 -C 60 polycyclic group, the C 8 -C 60 polycyclic group includes two or more ring groups fused while sharing boron (B) (e.g., a boron atom is in between).

[0288] Non-limiting examples of the delayed fluorescence material may include at least one of Compounds DF1 to DF9:

[0289]

[0290] The electron transport region in the interlayer 130

[0291] The electron transport region may have: i) a single-layer structure composed of a single material, ii) a single-layer structure composed of multiple different materials, or iii) a multi-layer structure including multiple layers (including different materials).

[0292] The electron transport region may include a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0293] For example, the electron transport region may have an electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure or a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, where the constituent layers of each structure are stacked in sequence from the emission layer. However, the embodiments of the structure of the electron transport region are not limited thereto.

[0294] The electron transport region (e.g., the hole blocking layer and / or the electron transport layer) may include a metal-free (organic) compound including at least one C containing a π-electron-deficient nitrogen 1 -C 60 ring group.

[0295] For example, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by Formula 601:

[0296] Formula 601

[0297] [Ar 601 xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R 601 xe21 .

[0298] In Formula 601,

[0299] Ar 601 and L 601 may each independently be an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0300] xe11 may be 1, 2, or 3,

[0301] xe1 may be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5,​​

[0302] R 601 may be unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 601 )(Q 602 )(Q 603 )、-C(=O)(Q 601 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 601 ) or -P(=O)(Q 601 )(Q 602 ),

[0303] Q 601 to Q 603 may each independently be the same as those described in connection with Q 1 described,

[0304] xe21 may be 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, and

[0305] Ar 601 、L 601 and R 601 at least one of which may each independently be unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C containing a π-deficient nitrogen 1 -C 60 ring group.

[0306] In an embodiment, when xe11 in Formula 601 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 601 may be connected to each other via a single bond.

[0307] In an embodiment, Ar in Formula 601 601 may be a substituted or unsubstituted anthryl group.

[0308] In an embodiment, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by Formula 601-1:

[0309] Formula 601-1

[0310]

[0311] In Formula 601-1,

[0312] X 614 may be N or C(R 614 ), X 615 may be N or C(R 615), X 616 can be N or C(R 616 ), and X 614 to X 616 at least one of which can be N,

[0313] L 611 to L 613 can each independently be the same as that described in connection with L 601 ,

[0314] xe611 to xe613 can each independently be the same as that described in connection with xe1,

[0315] R 611 to R 613 can each independently be the same as that described in connection with R 601 , and

[0316] R 614 to R 616 can each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a substituted C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group or unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a substituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group.

[0317] For example, in Formula 601 and Formula 601-1, xe1 and xe611 to xe613 can each independently be 0, 1, or 2.

[0318] The electron transport region can include one of Compounds ET1 to ET45, 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq 3 , BAlq, TAZ, NTAZ, or any combination thereof:

[0319]

[0320]

[0321]

[0322]

[0323] The thickness of the electron transport region can be about to about For example, about to about When the electron transport region includes a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, or any combination thereof, the thickness of the hole blocking layer or the electron transport layer can each independently be about to about For example, about to about For example, the thickness of the electron transport layer can be about to about For example, the thickness of the electron transport layer can be about to about When the thickness of the hole blocking layer and / or the electron transport layer is within the above range, satisfactory electron transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0324] In addition to the above materials, the electron transport region (e.g., the electron transport layer in the electron transport region) can further include a metal-containing material.

[0325] The metal-containing material can include an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or any combination thereof. The metal ion of the alkali metal complex can be a Li ion, a Na ion, a K ion, an Rb ion, or a Cs ion, and the metal ion of the alkaline earth metal complex can be a Be ion, a Mg ion, a Ca ion, an Sr ion, or a Ba ion. Each ligand coordinated with the metal ion of the alkali metal complex or the alkaline earth metal complex can independently be hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyl oxazole, hydroxyphenyl thiazole, hydroxyphenyl oxadiazole, hydroxyphenyl thiadiazole, hydroxyphenyl pyridine, hydroxyphenyl benzimidazole, hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof.

[0326] For example, the metal-containing material can include a Li complex. The Li complex can include, for example, the compound ET-D1(LiQ) or ET-D2:

[0327]

[0328] The electron transport region can include an electron injection layer that facilitates electron injection from the second electrode 150. The electron injection layer can be in direct contact with the second electrode 150.

[0329] The electron injection layer can have: i) a single-layer structure composed of a single material, ii) a single-layer structure including a plurality of different materials, or iii) a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers (including different materials).

[0330] The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0331] The alkali metal may include Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal may include Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, or any combination thereof. The rare earth metal may include Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, Gd, or any combination thereof.

[0332] The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth metal compound, and the rare earth metal compound may each independently be an oxide and a halide (e.g., fluoride, chloride, bromide, or iodide) of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, and a rare earth metal, or any combination thereof.

[0333] The alkali metal compound may be an alkali metal oxide (such as Li 2 O, Cs 2 O, or K 2 O), an alkali metal halide (such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, or KI), or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal compound may include an alkaline earth metal oxide (such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O (where x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1), or Ba x Ca 1-x O (where x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1)). The rare earth metal compound may include YbF 3 、ScF 3 、Sc 2 O 3 、Y 2 O 3 、Ce 2 O 3 、GdF 3 、TbF 3 、YbI 3 、ScI 3 、TbI 3 、or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the rare earth metal compound may include lanthanide metal tellurides. Non-limiting examples of lanthanide metal tellurides include LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, SmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe, LuTe, La 2 Te 3 、Ce 2 Te 3 、Pr 2 Te 3 、Nd2 Te 3 、 Pm 2 Te 3 、 Sm 2 Te 3 、 Eu 2 Te 3 、 Gd 2 Te 3 、 Tb 2 Te 3 、 Dy 2 Te 3 、 Ho 2 Te 3 、 Er 2 Te 3 、 Tm 2 Te 3 、 Yb 2 Te 3 and Lu 2 Te 3 。

[0334] Alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, and rare earth metal complexes may include i) an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, or a rare earth metal ion, and ii) a ligand bonded to the metal ion, for example, hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyl oxazole, hydroxyphenyl thiazole, hydroxyphenyl oxadiazole, hydroxyphenyl thiadiazole, hydroxyphenyl pyridine, hydroxyphenyl benzimidazole, hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof.

[0335] The electron injection layer may be composed of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal-containing compound, an alkaline earth metal-containing compound, a rare earth metal-containing compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof, and may further include an organic material (e.g., a compound represented by Formula 601) in some embodiments.

[0336] In an embodiment, the electron injection layer may include (e.g., consist of) i) an alkali metal-containing compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide), or ii) a) an alkali metal-containing compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide) and b) an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, or any combination thereof. For example, the electron injection layer may be a KI:Yb co-deposited layer or a RbI:Yb co-deposited layer.

[0337] When the electron injection layer further includes an organic material, the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, the rare earth metal, the alkali metal-containing compound, the alkaline earth metal-containing compound, the rare earth metal-containing compound, the alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth metal complex, the rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof may be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in a matrix including the organic material.

[0338] The thickness of the electron injection layer may be about to about For example, about to about When the thickness of the electron injection layer is within the above range, satisfactory electron injection characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0339] The second electrode 150

[0340] The second electrode 150 may be located on the interlayer 130. The second electrode 150 may be a cathode (which is an electron injection electrode), and as the material for forming the second electrode 150, a metal, an alloy, a conductive compound, or any combination thereof each having a low work function may be used.

[0341] The second electrode 150 may include lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), ytterbium (Yb), silver-ytterbium (Ag-Yb), ITO, IZO, or any combination thereof. The second electrode 150 may be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

[0342] The second electrode 150 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure including two or more layers.

[0343] The capping layer

[0344] The first capping layer may be located outside (below) the first electrode 110, and / or the second capping layer may be located outside (above) the second electrode 150. For example, the light-emitting device 10 may have a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, and the second electrode 150 are sequentially stacked in the described order, a structure in which the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, the second electrode 150, and the second capping layer are sequentially stacked in the described order, or a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, the second electrode 150, and the second capping layer are sequentially stacked in the described order.

[0345] The light generated in the emission layer of the interlayer 130 of the light-emitting device 10 may be extracted to the outside through the first electrode 110 (which may be a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode) and the first capping layer, or the light generated in the emission layer of the interlayer 130 of the light-emitting device 10 may be extracted to the outside through the second electrode 150 (which may be a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode) and the second capping layer.

[0346] According to the principle of constructive interference, the first capping layer and the second capping layer can increase the external light-emitting efficiency of the device. As a result, the light extraction efficiency of the light-emitting device 10 can be increased, and thus, the light-emitting efficiency of the light-emitting device 10 can be improved.

[0347] Each of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may include a material having a refractive index (at 589 nm) of about 1.6 or greater.

[0348] The first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently be an organic capping layer including an organic material, an inorganic capping layer including an inorganic material, or a composite capping layer including an organic material and an inorganic material.

[0349] At least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include a carbocyclic compound, a heterocyclic compound, an amino group-containing compound, a porphyrin derivative, a phthalocyanine derivative, a naphthalocyanine derivative, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or any combination thereof. The carbocyclic compound, the heterocyclic compound, and the amino group-containing compound may each independently be optionally substituted with a substituent containing O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, I, or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include an amino group-containing compound.

[0350] For example, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof.

[0351] In an embodiment, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include one of Compounds HT28 to HT33, one of Compounds CP1 to CP6, β-NPB, or any combination thereof, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0352]

[0353] Electronic device

[0354] The light-emitting device may be included in any suitable electronic device. For example, the electronic device including the light-emitting device may be a light-emitting device or an authentication device.

[0355] In addition to the light-emitting device, the electronic device (e.g., the light-emitting device) may further include i) a color filter, ii) a color conversion layer, or iii) a color filter and a color conversion layer. The color filter and / or the color conversion layer may be disposed on at least one propagation path of the light emitted from the light-emitting device or disposed along at least one propagation path of the light emitted from the light-emitting device. In an embodiment, the light emitted from the light-emitting device may be blue light or white light. The light-emitting device may be the same as described above. In an embodiment, the color conversion layer may include one or more quantum dots. The quantum dots may, for example, be the same as those described in this specification.

[0356] The electronic device may include a first substrate. The first substrate may include a plurality of sub-pixel regions, the color filter may include a plurality of color filter regions respectively corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixel regions, and the color conversion layer may include a plurality of color conversion regions respectively corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixel regions.

[0357] The pixel defining layer may be located between the plurality of sub-pixel regions to define each of the sub-pixel regions.

[0358] The color filter may further include a plurality of color filter regions and a light-shielding pattern between the plurality of color filter regions, and the color conversion layer may further include a plurality of color conversion regions and a light-shielding pattern between the plurality of color conversion regions.

[0359] The plurality of color filter regions (or the plurality of color conversion regions) may include: a first region emitting a first color light; a second region emitting a second color light; and / or a third region emitting a third color light, wherein the first color light, the second color light, and / or the third color light may have different maximum emission wavelengths from each other. In an embodiment, the first color light may be red light, the second color light may be green light, and the third color light may be blue light. In an embodiment, the plurality of color filter regions (or the plurality of color conversion regions) may include quantum dots. For example, the first region may include red quantum dots, the second region may include green quantum dots, and the third region may not include quantum dots. Each quantum dot may be the same as those described in this specification. The first region, the second region, and / or the third region may each further include a light scatterer.

[0360] In an embodiment, the light-emitting device may emit a first light, the first region may absorb the first light to emit a first first color light, the second region may absorb the first light to emit a second first color light, and the third region may absorb the first light to emit a third first color light. In this regard, the first first color light, the second first color light, and the third first color light may have different maximum emission wavelengths from each other. For example, the first light may be blue light, the first first color light may be red light, the second first color light may be green light, and the third first color light may be blue light.

[0361] In addition to the light-emitting device described above, the electronic device may further include a thin-film transistor. The thin-film transistor may include a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer, wherein either the source electrode or the drain electrode may be electrically connected to either the first electrode or the second electrode of the light-emitting device.

[0362] The thin-film transistor may further include a gate electrode and / or a gate insulating layer, etc.

[0363] The active layer may include crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, an organic semiconductor, and / or an oxide semiconductor, etc.

[0364] The electronic device may further include a sealing portion for sealing the light-emitting device. The sealing portion may be located between the color filter and / or the color conversion layer and the light-emitting device. The sealing portion may allow the light from the light-emitting device to be extracted to the outside while (e.g., synchronously) preventing or reducing the infiltration of external air and / or moisture into the light-emitting device. The sealing portion may be a sealing substrate including a transparent glass substrate and / or a plastic substrate. The sealing portion may be a thin film encapsulation layer including at least one organic layer and / or inorganic layer. When the sealing portion is a thin film encapsulation layer, the electronic device may be flexible.

[0365] In addition to the color filter and / or the color conversion layer, various functional layers may be additionally located on the sealing portion according to the use of the electronic device. Non-limiting examples of the functional layers include a touch screen layer and a polarization layer. The touch screen layer may be a pressure-sensitive touch screen layer, a capacitive touch screen layer, or an infrared touch screen layer. The authentication device may be, for example, a biometric authentication device that authenticates an individual by using biometric information of a biometric body (e.g., a fingertip or a pupil).

[0366] In addition to the light-emitting device, the authentication device may further include a biometric information collector.

[0367] Non-limiting examples of the electronic device include various displays, light sources, illuminations, personal computers (e.g., mobile personal computers), mobile phones, digital cameras, electronic notebooks, electronic dictionaries, electronic game consoles, medical devices (e.g., electronic thermometers, blood pressure monitors, blood glucose meters, pulse measurement devices, pulse wave measurement devices, electrocardiogram display devices, ultrasonic diagnostic devices, or endoscope display devices), fish finders, various measurement devices, instruments (e.g., vehicle, aircraft, or ship instruments), and projectors.

[0368] Figure 2 and Figure 3 description

[0369] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0370] Figure 2 The light-emitting device of includes a substrate 100, a thin film transistor, a light-emitting device, and an encapsulation portion 300 for sealing the light-emitting device.

[0371] The substrate 100 may be a flexible substrate, a glass substrate, and / or a metal substrate. A buffer layer 210 may be located on the substrate 100. The buffer layer 210 may be used to prevent or reduce the penetration of impurities through the substrate 100 and provide a flat surface on the substrate 100.

[0372] The thin film transistor may be located on the buffer layer 210. The thin film transistor may include an active layer 220, a gate electrode 240, a source electrode 260, and a drain electrode 270.

[0373] The active layer 220 may include an inorganic semiconductor (such as silicon or polysilicon), an organic semiconductor, or an oxide semiconductor, and includes a source region, a drain region, and a channel region.

[0374] The gate insulating layer 230 for insulating the active layer 220 and the gate electrode 240 may be located on the active layer 220, and the gate electrode 240 may be located on the gate insulating layer 230.

[0375] The interlayer insulating layer 250 may be located on the gate electrode 240. The interlayer insulating layer 250 is located between the gate electrode 240 and the source electrode 260 and between the gate electrode 240 and the drain electrode 270 to insulate them.

[0376] The source electrode 260 and the drain electrode 270 may be located on the interlayer insulating layer 250. The interlayer insulating layer 250 and the gate insulating layer 230 may be formed to expose the source region and the drain region of the active layer 220, and the source electrode 260 and the drain electrode 270 may be positioned to contact the exposed source region and the exposed drain region of the active layer 220.

[0377] The thin film transistor is electrically connected to the light emitting device to drive the light emitting device, and is protected by being covered with a passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 may include an inorganic insulating layer, an organic insulating layer, or a combination thereof. The light emitting device is provided on the passivation layer 280. The light emitting device includes a first electrode 110, an interlayer 130, and a second electrode 150.

[0378] The first electrode 110 may be located on the passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 may be positioned to expose a specific or predetermined area without covering the entire drain electrode 270, and the first electrode 110 may be connected to the exposed drain electrode 270.

[0379] The pixel defining layer 290 including an insulating material may be located on the first electrode 110. The pixel defining layer 290 exposes a specific or predetermined area of the first electrode 110, and the interlayer 130 may be formed on the exposed area. The pixel defining layer 290 may be an organic layer such as a polyimide type or a polyacrylic acid type. In some embodiments, some layers in the interlayer 130 may extend to the upper portion of the pixel defining layer 290 and may be positioned in the form of a common layer.

[0380] The second electrode 150 is located on the interlayer 130, and a capping layer 170 may be additionally formed on the second electrode 150. The capping layer 170 may be formed to cover the second electrode 150.

[0381] The encapsulation part 300 may be located on the capping layer 170. The encapsulation part 300 is located on the light emitting device to protect the light emitting device from moisture or oxygen. The encapsulation part 300 may include an inorganic layer, an organic layer, or a combination of an inorganic layer and an organic layer. The inorganic layer includes silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxide (SiOx )), indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), or any combination thereof, and the organic layer includes polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyethylene sulfonate, polyformaldehyde, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, acrylic resin (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate or polyacrylic acid), epoxy resin (e.g., aliphatic glycidyl ether (AGE)), or any combination thereof.

[0382] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0383] Figure 3 The light-emitting device of Figure 2 is the same as the light-emitting device of Figure 3 , except that the light-shielding pattern 500 and the functional region 400 are additionally located on the encapsulation part 300. The functional region 400 may be i) a color filter region, ii) a color conversion region, or iii) a combination of a color filter region and a color conversion region. In an embodiment, the light-emitting device included in

[0384] Preparation method

[0385] The layer constituting the hole transport region, the emission layer, and the layer constituting the electron transport region may be formed in a specific or predetermined region by using one or more suitable methods selected from vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition, inkjet printing, laser printing, and laser-induced thermal imaging (LITI).

[0386] When the layer constituting the hole transport region, the emission layer, and the layer constituting the electron transport region are formed by vacuum deposition, depending on the material to be included and the structure of the layer to be formed, the deposition may be performed at a deposition temperature of about 100 °C to about 500 °C, a vacuum degree of about 10 -8 Torr to about 10 -3 Torr, and a deposition rate of about / s to about / s.

[0387] Definition of terms

[0388] As used herein, the term "C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group" refers to a cyclic group that includes only carbon and consists of 3 to 60 carbon atoms, and as used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group" refers to a cyclic group that further includes a heteroatom in addition to carbon and has 1 to 60 carbon atoms. C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group and C 1 -C60 A heterocyclic group may each be a monocyclic group consisting of one ring or a polycyclic group having two or more rings fused to each other. For example, C 1 -C 60 The number of ring-forming atoms of the heterocyclic group may be from 3 to 61.

[0389] As used herein, the term "cyclic group" encompasses C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic groups and C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic groups both.

[0390] The term "π - electron rich C 3 -C 60 cyclic group" refers to a cyclic group that does not include *-N=*' as a ring-forming moiety and has 3 to 60 carbon atoms, and the term "π - electron deficient nitrogen-containing C 1 -C 60 cyclic group" refers to a heterocyclic group that includes *-N=*' as a ring-forming moiety and has 1 to 60 carbon atoms.

[0391] For example, C 3 -C 60 A carbocyclic group may be i) a group T1 (defined below) or ii) a fused ring group having two or more groups T1 fused to each other (e.g., cyclopentadienyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, phenyl, pentaphenylenyl, naphthyl, azulyl, indacenyl, acenaphthylenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, 1,2-benzophenanthrenyl, perylenyl, pentaphenyl, heptaphenylenyl, tetracenyl, picenyl, hexaphenyl, pentacenyl, rubicenyl, coronenyl, ovalenyl, indenyl, fluorenyl, spiro-bifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, indenophenanthrenyl or indenanthryl),

[0392] C 1 -C 60The heterocyclic group may be i) group T2 (defined below), ii) a fused ring group having two or more groups T2 fused to each other, or iii) a fused ring group having at least one group T2 and at least one group T1 fused to each other (e.g., pyrrolyl, thienyl, furyl, indolyl, benzindolyl, naphthindolyl, isoindolyl, benzisoindolyl, naphthisoindolyl, benzosilolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuryl, carbazolyl, dibenzosilolyl, dibenzothienyl, dibenzofuryl, indolocarbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofurocarbazolyl, benzothienocarbazolyl, benzosilolocarbazolyl, benzindolocarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthofuryl, benzonaphthothienyl, benzonaphthosilolyl, benzofurodibenzofuryl, benzofurodibenzothienyl, benzothienodibenzothienyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, azacarbazolyl, azafuryl, azadibenzosilolyl, azadibenzothienyl or azadibenzofuryl),

[0393] π - electron rich C 3 -C 60 The cyclic group may be i) group T1, ii) a fused ring group having two or more groups T1 fused to each other, iii) group T3 (defined below), iv) a fused ring group having two or more groups T3 fused to each other, or v) a fused ring group having at least one group T3 and at least one group T1 fused to each other (e.g., C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furyl, indolyl, benzindolyl, naphthindolyl, isoindolyl, benzisoindolyl, naphthisoindolyl, benzosilolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuryl, carbazolyl, dibenzosilolyl, dibenzothienyl, dibenzofuryl, indolocarbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofurocarbazolyl, benzothienocarbazolyl, benzosilolocarbazolyl, benzindolocarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthofuryl, benzonaphthothienyl, benzonaphthosilolyl, benzofurodibenzofuryl, benzofurodibenzothienyl or benzothienodibenzothienyl),

[0394] C containing nitrogen with deficient π - electrons 1 -C 60The cyclic group can be i) group T4 (defined below), ii) a fused ring group having two or more groups T4 fused to each other, iii) a fused ring group having at least one group T4 and at least one group T1 fused to each other, iv) a fused ring group having at least one group T4 and at least one group T3 fused to each other, or v) a fused ring group having at least one group T4, at least one group T1 and at least one group T3 fused to each other (e.g., pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, azacarbazolyl, azafluorene, azadibenzosilolyl, azadibenzothiophenyl or azadibenzofuranyl),

[0395] Group T1 can be cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptenyl, adamantyl, norbornyl (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl), norbornenyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl or phenyl,

[0396] Group T2 can be furyl, thienyl, 1H-pyrrolyl, silolyl, borolyl, 2H-pyrrolyl, 3H-pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, azasilolyl, azaborolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl or tetrazinyl,

[0397] Group T3 can be furyl, thienyl, 1H-pyrrolyl, silolyl or borolyl, and

[0398] Group T4 can be 2H-pyrrolyl, 3H-pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, azasilolyl, azaborolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl or tetrazinyl.

[0399] Herein, according to the structure of the formula in which the terms are used, the terms "cyclic group", "C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group", "C1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, "π - electron rich C 3 -C 60 cyclic group" and / or "C containing nitrogen with deficient π - electrons 1 -C 60 The "cyclic group" can each refer to a fused - ring group (e.g., a moiety), a monovalent group, or a polyvalent group (e.g., a divalent group, a trivalent group, or a tetravalent group). For example, the term "phenyl" can be benzyl, phenyl, or phenylene, which will be understood by those skilled in the art according to the structure of the formula including the phenyl group (e.g., according to the context).

[0400] monovalent C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group and monovalent C 1 -C 60 Non - limiting examples of the heterocyclic group may include C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non - aromatic fused polycyclic group, and monovalent non - aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, and divalent C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group and divalent C 1 -C 60 Non - limiting examples of the heterocyclic group may include C 3 -C 10 subcycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 subheterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 subcycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 subheterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 subaryl, C 1 -C 60 subheteroaryl, divalent non - aromatic fused polycyclic group, and divalent non - aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group.

[0401] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60"Alkyl" refers to a straight-chain or branched-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon monovalent group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples thereof include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, sec-hexyl, tert-hexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, sec-heptyl, tert-heptyl, n-octyl, isooctyl, sec-octyl, tert-octyl, n-nonyl, isononyl, sec-nonyl, tert-nonyl, n-decyl, isodecyl, sec-decyl, and tert-decyl. As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 "Alkylene" refers to a divalent group having a structure substantially the same as that of C 1 -C 60 alkyl.

[0402] As used herein, the term "C 2 -C 60 "Alkenyl" refers to a monovalent hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the middle or at the end of C 2 -C 60 alkyl, and non-limiting examples thereof include vinyl, propenyl, and butenyl. As used herein, the term "C 2 -C 60 "Alkenylene" refers to a divalent group having a structure substantially the same as that of C 2 -C 60 alkenyl.

[0403] As used herein, the term "C 2 -C 60 "Alkynyl" refers to a monovalent hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in the middle or at the end of C 2 -C 60 alkyl, and non-limiting examples thereof include ethynyl and propynyl. As used herein, the term "C 2 -C 60 "Alkynylene" refers to a divalent group having a structure substantially the same as that of C 2 -C 60 alkynyl.

[0404] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 "Alkoxy" refers to a monovalent group represented by -OA 101 (where A 101 is C 1 -C 60 alkyl), and non-limiting examples thereof include methoxy, ethoxy, and isopropoxy.

[0405] As used herein, the term "C 3 -C 10"Cycloalkyl" means a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon cyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples thereof include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl), bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, and bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl. As used herein, the term "C 3 -C 10 "Cycloalkylene" means a divalent group having a structure substantially the same as that of C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl.

[0406] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 10 "Heterocycloalkyl" means a monovalent cyclic group that further includes at least one heteroatom as a ring-forming atom in addition to 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples thereof include 1,2,3,4-oxadiazolyl, tetrahydrofuryl, and tetrahydrothienyl. As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 10 "Heterocycloalkylene" means a divalent group having a structure substantially the same as that of C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl.

[0407] As used herein, the term "C 3 -C 10 "Cycloalkenyl" means a monovalent cyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring and no aromaticity, and non-limiting examples thereof include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl. As used herein, the term "C 3 -C 10 "Cycloalkenylene" means a divalent group having a structure substantially the same as that of C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl.

[0408] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 10 "Heterocycloalkenyl" means a monovalent cyclic group that further includes at least one heteroatom as a ring-forming atom and at least one double bond in its ring in addition to 1 to 10 carbon atoms. C 1 -C 10 Non-limiting examples of Heterocycloalkenyl include 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 2,3-dihydrofuryl, and 2,3-dihydrothienyl. As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 10 "Heterocycloalkenylene" means a divalent group having a structure substantially the same as that of C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl.

[0409] As used herein, the term "C 6 -C 60 -aryl" refers to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system containing 6 to 60 carbon atoms, and as used herein, the term "C 6 -C 60 -arylene" refers to a divalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system containing 6 to 60 carbon atoms. C 6 -C 60 Non-limiting examples of -aryl include phenyl, pentaphenylenyl, naphthyl, azulyl, indacenyl, acenaphthylenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, 1,2-benzophenanthrenyl, perylenyl, pentaphenyl, heptaphenylenyl, tetracenyl, picenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubicenyl, coronenyl, and ovalenyl. When C 6 -C 60 -aryl and C 6 -C 60 -arylene each include two or more rings, the two or more rings may be fused to each other.

[0410] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 -heteroaryl" refers to a monovalent group having an aromatic system that further includes at least one heteroatom as a ring-forming atom in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms, and as used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 -heteroarylene" refers to a divalent group having an aromatic system that further includes at least one heteroatom as a ring-forming atom in addition to carbon atoms and having 1 to 60 carbon atoms. C 1 -C 60 Non-limiting examples of -heteroaryl include pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phthalazinyl, and naphthyridinyl. When C 1 -C 60 -heteroaryl and C 1 -C 60 -heteroarylene each include two or more rings, the two or more rings may be fused to each other.

[0411] As used herein, the term "monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings fused to each other, with only carbon atoms as ring-forming atoms (e.g., 8 to 60 carbon atoms), and being non-aromatic in its entire molecular structure. Non-limiting examples of the monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group include indenyl, fluorenyl, spiro-bifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, indeno-phenanthrenyl, and indeno-anthracenyl. As used herein, the term "divalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having a structure substantially the same as that of the monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group.

[0412] As used herein, the term "monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings fused to each other and being non-aromatic in its entire molecular structure, and further including at least one heteroatom other than carbon atoms (e.g., 1 to 60 carbon atoms) as ring-forming atoms. Non-limiting examples of the monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group include pyrrolyl, thienyl, furyl, indolyl, benzindolyl, naphthylindolyl, isoindolyl, benzisoindolyl, naphthylisoindolyl, benzosilolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuryl, carbazolyl, dibenzosilolyl, dibenzothienyl, dibenzofuryl, azacarbazolyl, azafuryl, azadibenzosilolyl, azadibenzothienyl, azadibenzofuryl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, indocarbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofurocarbazolyl, benzothienocarbazolyl, benzosilolocarbazolyl, benzindolocarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthofuryl, benzonaphthothienyl, benzonaphthosilolyl, benzofurodibenzofuryl, benzofurodibenzothienyl, and benzothienodibenzothienyl. As used herein, the term "divalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having a structure substantially the same as that of the monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group.

[0413] As used herein, the term "C 6 -C 60 aryloxy" means -OA 102 (wherein A 102 is C 6 -C 60 aryl), and as used herein, the term "C 6 -C 60 arylthio" means -SA 103 (wherein A 103 is C 6 -C 60 aryl).

[0414] As used herein, "R" 10a " can be:

[0415] deuterium (-D), -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano or nitro;

[0416] C, each unsubstituted or substituted with: 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 2 -C 60 alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 alkynyl or C 1 -C 60 alkoxy: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic, C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic, C 6 -C 60 aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 arylthio, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 11 )、-P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof;

[0417] C, each unsubstituted or substituted with: 3 -C 60 carbocyclic, C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic, C 6 -C 60 aryloxy or C 6 -C 60 arylthio: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 2 -C 60 alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 alkoxy, C 3 -C60 Carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy group, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio group, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 21 )、-P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0418] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 )。

[0419] Herein, Q 1 to Q 3 、Q 11 to Q 13 、Q 21 to Q 23 and Q 31 to Q 33 can each independently be: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxy group; cyano group; nitro group; C 1 -C 60 alkyl group; C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group; C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group; C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group; or C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group or C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group: deuterium, -F, cyano group, C 1-C 60 alkyl, C 1 -C 60 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0420] As used herein, the term "heteroatom" refers to an atom other than a carbon atom (e.g., any non-carbon and non-hydrogen atom). Non-limiting examples of heteroatoms include O, S, N, P, Si, B, Ge, Se, or any combination thereof.

[0421] As used herein, the term "Ph" refers to phenyl, the term "Me" refers to methyl, the term "Et" refers to ethyl, the term "tert-Bu" or "Bu t " refers to tert-butyl, and the term "OMe" refers to methoxy as used herein.

[0422] As used herein, the term "biphenyl" refers to "phenyl-substituted phenyl". "Biphenyl" is a substituted phenyl having C 6 -C 60 aryl as a substituent.

[0423] As used herein, the term "terphenyl" refers to "biphenyl-substituted phenyl". "Terphenyl" is a substituted phenyl having C 6 -C 60 aryl-substituted C 6 -C 60 aryl as a substituent.

[0424] Unless otherwise defined, * and *' as used herein each refer to the binding site to an adjacent atom in the corresponding formula.

[0425] In the definition of terms, the maximum number of carbon atoms is provided as an example. For example, the maximum number of 60 carbon atoms in C 1 -C 60 alkyl is an example and may be applicable to C 1 -C 20 alkyl in some embodiments. The same or similar applies to other cases.

[0426] Hereinafter, compounds according to embodiments and light-emitting devices according to embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to synthesis examples and examples. The phrase "using B instead of A" used in the description of the synthesis examples indicates using the same molar equivalent of B instead of A.

[0427] Examples

[0428] Synthesis Example: Synthesis of Compounds

[0429] 1. Synthesis of Compound 1

[0430]

[0431] Synthetic Intermediate 1-1

[0432] Dissolve 10 g of 4-tritylaniline in 150 mL of DMF solvent. Slowly add 5.3 g of NBS thereto at 0 °C, and react the mixture at room temperature, then purify to obtain 11.7 g (yield: 95%) of Intermediate 1-1. Confirm Intermediate 1-1 by LC-MS.

[0433] (C 25 H 20 BrN: M+1 414.08)

[0434] Synthetic Intermediate 1-2

[0435] Dissolve 11.7 g of Intermediate 1-1 in 200 mL of ethanol solvent, and slowly add dropwise an excessive amount of HCl (3 eq or more) thereto at room temperature. After stirring, add 3.9 g of NaNO 2 , and react the mixture at 80 °C, then purify to obtain 7.89 g (yield: 70%) of Intermediate 1-2. Confirm Intermediate 1-2 by LC-MS.

[0436] (C 25 H 19 Br: M+1 399.07)

[0437] Synthetic Intermediate 1-3

[0438] Reflux and react 7.89 g of Intermediate 1-2 with 10 g of bis(pinacolato)diboron, 3.8 g of K(OAc), and 0.69 g of Pd(PPh 3 )Cl 2 in 100 mL of toluene solvent at 110 °C, then purify to obtain 5.28 g (yield: 60%) of Intermediate 1-3. Confirm Intermediate 1-3 by LC-MS.

[0439] (C 31 H 31 BO 2 : M+1 447.24)

[0440] Synthesize Compound 1

[0441] Mix 2.5 g of Intermediate 1-3, 2 g of CAS#1268244-56-9 (lower left structure), 0.32 g of Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , 7 ml of 2M K 2 CO 3An aqueous solution, 7 mL of ethanol, and 28 mL of toluene were refluxed at 110 °C for 12 hours. After the reaction, the reaction solution was extracted to collect the organic layer, which was then dried. The residue was separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and then by sublimation purification to obtain 2.87 g (yield: 80%) of Compound 1. Compound 1 was confirmed by LC-MS and 1 1H NMR.

[0442] 2. Synthesis of Compound 2

[0443]

[0444] Synthesis of Compound 2

[0445] 2 g of CAS#877615-05-9 (left structure), 2 g of Intermediate 1-3, 0.32 g of Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , 7 mL of 2M K 2 CO 3 aqueous solution, 7 mL of ethanol, and 28 mL of toluene were refluxed at 110 °C for 12 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was extracted to collect the organic layer, which was then dried. The residue was separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and then by sublimation purification to obtain 2.78 g (yield: 85%) of Compound 2. Compound 2 was confirmed by LC-MS and 1 1H NMR.

[0446] 3. Synthesis of Compound 7

[0447]

[0448] Synthesis of Intermediate 7-1

[0449] 2 g of CAS#24209-95-8 (left structure) and 1.34 g of dibenzo[b,d]furan-2-ylboronic acid were stirred and refluxed with 8 mL of 2M K 2 CO 3 aqueous solution, 0.37 g of Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 and 30 mL of THF at 80 °C, followed by purification to obtain 2.55 g (yield: 90%) of Intermediate 7-1. Intermediate 7-1 was confirmed by LC-MS.

[0450] (C 27 H 15 ClN 4 O: M+1 447.09)

[0451] Synthesis of Compound 7

[0452] 2 g of intermediate 7-1, 2 g of intermediate 1-3, 0.32 g of Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , 7 mL of 2 M K 2 CO 3 aqueous solution, 7 mL of ethanol, and 30 mL of toluene were refluxed at 110 °C for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was extracted to collect the organic layer, which was then dried. The residue was separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and then by sublimation purification to obtain 2.63 g (yield: 80%) of compound 7. Compound 7 was confirmed by LC-MS and 1 H NMR.

[0453] 4. Synthesis of compound 26

[0454]

[0455] Synthesis of compound 26

[0456] 2 g of CAS#877615-05-9 (left structure), 2 g of CAS#1290057-48-5 (above the arrow), 0.26 g of Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , 7 mL of 2 M K 2 CO 3 aqueous solution, 7 mL of ethanol, and 30 mL of toluene were refluxed for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was extracted to collect the organic layer, which was then dried. The residue was separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and then by sublimation purification to obtain 2.85 g (yield: 87%) of compound 26. Compound 26 was confirmed by LC-MS and 1 H NMR.

[0457] 5. Synthesis of compound 49

[0458]

[0459] Synthesis of compound 49

[0460] 2 g of intermediate 1-3, 1.59 g of CAS#1426818-83-8 (left structure), 0.26 g of Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , 6 mL of 2 M K 2 CO 3 aqueous solution, 6 mL of ethanol, and 30 mL of toluene were refluxed for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was extracted to collect the organic layer, which was then dried. The residue was separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and then by sublimation purification to obtain 1.73 g (yield: 60%) of compound 49. By LC-MS and1 The compound 49 was confirmed by \(^1\)H NMR.

[0461] 6. Synthesis of compound 50

[0462]

[0463] Synthesis of compound 50

[0464] 2 g of intermediate 1-3, 1.99 g of CAS#2094995-48-7 (left structure), 0.26 g of Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , 6 mL of 2 M K 2 CO 3 aqueous solution, 6 mL of ethanol and 30 mL of toluene were refluxed for 12 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was extracted to collect the organic layer, which was then dried. The residue was separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and then by sublimation purification to obtain 2.29 g (yield: 70%) of compound 50. The compound 50 was confirmed by LC-MS and 1 \(^1\)H NMR.

[0465] 7. Synthesis of compound 55

[0466]

[0467] Synthesis of intermediate 55-1

[0468] 2 g of CAS#1563177-93-4 (left structure) and 1.34 g of dibenzo[b,d]furan-2-ylboronic acid were refluxed with Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , 8 mL of 2 M K 2 CO 3 aqueous solution and 30 mL of THF at 80 °C, and then purified to obtain 1.42 g (yield: 50%) of intermediate 55-1. The intermediate 55-1 was confirmed by LC-MS.

[0469] (C 28 H 16 ClN 3 O: M+1 446.1)

[0470] Synthesis of compound 55

[0471] 1.42 g of intermediate 1-3, 1.42 g of intermediate 55-1, 0.18 g of Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , 4 mL of 2 M K 2 CO 3An aqueous solution, 4 mL of ethanol, and 20 mL of toluene solvent were refluxed for 12 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was extracted to collect the organic layer, which was then dried. The residue was separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, and then by sublimation purification to obtain 1.63 g (yield: 70%) of Compound 55. Compound 55 was confirmed by LC-MS and 1 1H NMR.

[0472] The compound synthesized according to the above synthesis example was identified by 1 1H NMR and MS / FAB, and the results are shown in Table 1:

[0473] Table 1

[0474]

[0475]

[0476] Manufacture of Light-Emitting Device

[0477] Example 1

[0478] As the anode, a glass substrate with 15 Ω·cm 2 ITO (manufactured by Corning) on it was cut into a size of 50 mm × 50 mm × 0.7 mm, ultrasonically treated with isopropyl alcohol and pure water for 5 minutes respectively, and then cleaned by ultraviolet radiation and exposed to ozone for 30 minutes. Then, the obtained glass substrate was loaded onto a vacuum deposition device.

[0479] Compound NPD was vacuum deposited on the substrate to form a hole injection layer with a thickness of and TCTA was vacuum deposited on the hole injection layer to form a hole transport layer with a thickness of Compound CzSi as the compound for the hole transport layer was vacuum deposited on the hole transport layer to a thickness. Compound 1 of the present disclosure as the host and Ir(pmp) 3 as the dopant were co-deposited on the hole transport layer at a weight ratio of 92:8 to form an emission layer with a thickness of Then, TSPO1 was deposited on the emission layer to a

[0480] thickness, and TPBI was deposited thereon to a thickness to form an electron transport layer. LiF (alkali metal halide) was deposited to a thickness of

[0481] ​On the electron transport layer, and then Al is vacuum-deposited thereon to form a LiF / Al electrode (cathode) with a thickness of , thereby completing the fabrication of the light-emitting device.

[0482]

[0483] Examples 2 to 7

[0484] Additional light-emitting devices are fabricated in substantially the same manner as in Example 1, except that the compounds in Table 2 are used as the host to form the emission layer.

[0485] Comparative Example 1

[0486] A light-emitting device is fabricated in substantially the same manner as in Example 1, except that mCP is used as the host to form the emission layer.

[0487]

[0488] Comparative Example 2

[0489] A light-emitting device is fabricated in substantially the same manner as in Example 1, except that Compound 200 is used as the host to form the emission layer.

[0490]

[0491] Comparative Example 3

[0492] A light-emitting device is fabricated in substantially the same manner as in Example 1, except that Compound 201 is used as the host to form the emission layer.

[0493]

[0494] For each light-emitting device fabricated according to Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the driving voltage and efficiency of each device at a current density of 2.3 mA / cm 2 , and the T1 energy values of each host compound are shown in Table 2:

[0495] Table 2

[0496] Emission layer host Driving voltage (V) <![CDATA[Current density (mA / cm 2 )]]> Efficiency (cd / A) Emission color T1 (eV) Example 1 1 4.5 2.3 20.7 Blue 3.07 Example 2 2 4.2 2.3 22.5 Blue 3.03 Example 3 7 4.3 2.3 19.5 Blue 3.02 Example 4 26 4.2 2.3 22.2 Blue 3.03 Example 5 49 4.6 2.3 18.3 Blue 3.00 Example 6 50 4.5 2.3 20.2 Blue 2.95 Example 7 55 4.7 2.3 19.8 Blue 2.99 Comparative Example 1 mCP 5.3 2.3 10.2 Blue 2.90 Comparative Example 2 Compound 200 5.5 2.3 17.1 Blue 3.07 Comparative Example 3 Compound 201 5.8 2.3 13.9 Blue 2.95

[0497] As shown in Table 2, the T1 values of the respective example compounds represented by Formula 1 of the present disclosure are generally higher than those of the compounds in the comparative examples. In addition, compared with the light-emitting devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the light-emitting devices of Examples 1 to 7 show excellent results (e.g., in terms of driving voltage and efficiency).

[0498] The light-emitting device including the compound represented by Formula 1 according to the embodiment shows excellent efficiency.

[0499] As used herein, the terms "substantially," "about," and similar terms are used as approximate terms and not as terms of degree, and are intended to account for the inherent deviations in measured or calculated values that would be recognized by a person of ordinary skill in the art.

[0500] Any numerical range recited herein is intended to include all sub-ranges subsumed within the recited range having the same degree of numerical precision. For example, a range of "1.0 to 10.0" is intended to include all sub-ranges between and including the recited minimum value of 1.0 and the recited maximum value of 10.0, that is, having a minimum value equal to or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0, such as, for example, 2.4 to 7.6. Any maximum numerical limitation recited herein is intended to include all lower numerical limitations subsumed therein, and any minimum numerical limitation recited in this specification is intended to include all higher numerical limitations subsumed therein. Accordingly, the applicant reserves the right to amend this specification (including the claims) to expressly recite any sub-range subsumed within the ranges expressly recited herein.

[0501] It should be understood that the embodiments described herein should be considered only as descriptive and not for purposes of limitation. The description of features or aspects within each embodiment is generally intended to be available for other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. While one or more embodiments have been described with reference to the drawings, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 Wherein, In Formula 1, X 1 is N or CR 3 , X 2 is N or CR 4 , and X 3 is N or CR 5 , wherein is partially selected from Formulas 2a to 2d: And Wherein, in Formulas 2a to 2d, * is a binding site to an adjacent atom, R 3 to R 5 each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano and nitro, and R 1 is an unsubstituted or carbazolyl group substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl or any combination thereof, and R 2 Selected from: Each unsubstituted or substituted pyrrolyl, thienyl, furyl, indolyl, benzindolyl, naphthylindolyl, isoindolyl, benzisoindolyl, naphthylisoindolyl, benzosilolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuryl, carbazolyl, dibenzosilolyl, dibenzothienyl, dibenzofuryl, indolocarbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofurocarbazolyl, benzothienocarbazolyl, benzosilolocarbazolyl, benzindolocarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthofuryl, benzonaphthothienyl, benzonaphthosilolyl, benzofurodibenzofuryl, benzofurodibenzothienyl, benzothienodibenzothienyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, azacarbazolyl, azafuryl, azadibenzosilolyl, azadibenzothienyl or azadibenzofuryl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl or any combination thereof.

2. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by Formula 1 is represented by Formula 2: Formula 2 And Wherein, In Formula 2, X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , R 1 and R 2 are each independently the same as described in connection with Formula 1.

3. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by Formula 1 is represented by Formula 3: Formula 3 and Wherein, In Formula 3, X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , R 1 and R 2 are each independently the same as described in connection with Formula 1.

4. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by Formula 1 is represented by Formula 4: Formula 4 And Wherein, In Formula 4, X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , R 1 and R 2 are each independently the same as described in connection with Formula 1.

5. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R of formula 1 1 is selected from formula 3a and formula 3b: And Wherein, In Formulas 3a and 3b, Z 11 to Z 14 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, or any combination thereof. a11, a12 and a14 are each independently an integer selected from 1 to 4, and * indicates a binding site to an adjacent atom.

6. A compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 Wherein, In Formula 1, X 1 is N or CR 3 , X 2 is N or CR 4 , and X 3 is N or CR 5 , wherein selected in part from Formulas 2a to 2d: and Wherein, in Formulas 2a to 2d, * is a binding site to an adjacent atom, R 3 to R 5 each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano and nitro, and R 1 is an unsubstituted or carbazolyl group substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl or any combination thereof, and R 2 is of formula 4c: and wherein, in Formula 4c, H 1 is O or S, H 2 is CR 14 or N, R 14 and Z 18 each independently is: hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro or C 1 -C 20 alkyl a18 is an integer selected from 1 to 3, and * indicates a binding site to an adjacent atom.

7. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by Formula 1 is represented by Formula 5: Formula 5 And Wherein, In Formula 5, X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and R 2 are each independently the same as described in connection with Formula 1, Z 11 and Z 12 each independently is hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy or any combination thereof, and a11 and a12 are each independently an integer selected from 1 to 4.

8. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by Formula 1 is represented by Formula 6: Formula 6 and Wherein, In Formula 6, X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and R 2 are each independently the same as described in Connection Formula 1, Z 11 and Z 12 each independently is hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy or any combination thereof, and a11 and a12 are each independently an integer selected from 1 to 4.

9. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by Formula 1 is represented by Formula 7: Formula 7 And Wherein, In formula 7, X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and R 2 are each independently the same as described in connection with formula 1, Z 11 and Z 12 each independently is hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy or any combination thereof, and a11 and a12 are each independently an integer selected from 1 to 4.

10. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by Formula 1 is selected from the following compounds:

11. A light-emitting device, Comprising: A first electrode; A second electrode facing the first electrode; And A sandwich layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and comprising an emission layer, Wherein the sandwich layer comprises the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The light-emitting device according to claim 11, wherein the emission layer is a phosphorescent emission layer.

13. The light-emitting device according to claim 12, wherein the phosphorescent emission layer comprises the compound.

14. The light-emitting device according to claim 11, wherein the emission layer is a fluorescent emission layer.

15. The light-emitting device according to claim 14, wherein the emission layer comprises the compound as a thermally activated delayed fluorescence material.

16. The light-emitting device according to claim 11, wherein the first electrode is an anode, The second electrode is a cathode, The sandwich layer further comprises a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode, The hole transport region comprises a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer or any combination thereof, and The electron transport region comprises a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer or any combination thereof.

17. An electronic device comprising the light-emitting device according to any one of claims 11 to 16.

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