Method and device for resilient restoration of distribution network containing electric buses

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and device for resilient recovery of a distribution network containing electric buses, wherein the method comprises: constructing a distribution network model with a radial topology and an electric bus model during the process of resilient recovery of the distribution network; constructing a function model for resilient recovery scheduling of the distribution network containing electric buses based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model; and determining the number of electric buses to be mobilized to supply power to the distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging stations, or the operating load of the electric buses by obtaining the optimal value of the function model. The present invention helps the power grid to achieve resilient recovery by constructing a joint network of the power grid and electric buses, and at the same time, by constructing a function model for recovery scheduling, determines the scheduling plan under the optimal solution of the function, and maximizes the sum of the power grid resilience recovery and electric bus operating utility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric power technology, and in particular to a method and device for recovering the resilience of a distribution network containing electric buses. Background Art

[0002] With the development of urbanization, the scale and importance of urban infrastructure have become increasingly prominent, and the daily life of urban residents is inseparable from the normal operation of urban infrastructure. As an important part of the urban infrastructure system, the safety and reliability of the power system is an important guarantee for social production and people's lives. However, in recent years, the frequency of extreme weather has increased, and the number of large-scale power outages caused by natural disasters has been on the rise worldwide, and the number of power outages caused by natural disasters has continued to increase. Power outages with low probability and high losses caused by natural disasters, man-made attacks and other events have become the main threat to the power system. Improving the resilience of the power system can effectively reduce the losses suffered by the system under extreme conditions, and the importance of resilience in power system research has become increasingly prominent.

[0003] The development of electrified transportation technology has great potential in improving the resilience of urban power systems, but existing technologies do not couple the power system with the transportation system to improve the resilience of the power system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method and device for recovering the resilience of a distribution network containing electric buses, so as to solve the defect in the prior art that the power system and the transportation system are not coupled for operation to improve the resilience of the power system, and realize the coupling operation of the power system and the transportation system to improve the resilience of the power system.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses, comprising:

[0006] Construct a distribution network model with radial topology and an electric bus model during the distribution network resilience recovery process;

[0007] Constructing a function model for resilient recovery scheduling of a distribution network including electric buses based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model;

[0008] By obtaining the optimal value of the function model, the number of electric buses mobilized to supply power to the distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging stations, or the operating load of the electric buses is determined.

[0009] According to a method for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses provided by the present invention, the distribution network model is:

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[0035] in, represents the set of all nodes in the distribution network, represents the set of physical lines in the distribution network, where all lines (i, j) satisfy i <j, represents a collection of “virtual lines” in the distribution network, represents the set of fault lines in the distribution network, Represents the collection of power nodes in the distribution network, including the main grid and distributed power sources, u i represents the charged state of the i-th node, represents the active / reactive load recovery amount of the i-th node in the t-th period, represents the active / reactive load generation of the i-th node in the t-th period, P ij,t / Q ij,t represents the active / reactive transmission amount of line (i, j) in the tth period, V i,t represents the voltage amplitude of the ith node at the tth time period, f i L The “virtual demand” of node i, f ij represents the “virtual demand” delivered by line (i, j), s ij represents the state of line (i,j), Represents the state of the forward edge of line (i,j), represents the state of the reverse edge of line (i, j), ω i represents the load importance of the i-th node, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, represents the upper limit of active / reactive load of the ith node, represents the lower limit of active / reactive load of the ith node, represents the upper limit of active / reactive output of the ith node, represents the lower limit of active / reactive output of the ith node, Represents the upper / lower capacity limit of line (i, j), R ij / X ij represents the resistance / reactance of line (i, j), Represents the upper / lower limit of the voltage at the i-th node.

[0036] According to a method for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses provided by the present invention, the electric bus model is:

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[0048] in, represents the set of nodes with electric bus charging stations in the distribution network, represents the set of all nodes in the distribution network, u i represents the energized state of the i-th node, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, and R i represents the number of electric buses rented by the i-th node, represents the electric bus load at the ith node in the tth period, β i，t represents the number of electric buses charged at the i-th node in the t-th period, c i，t / d i，t represents the number of electric buses charged / discharged at the i-th node in the t-th period, represents the charging / discharging power of the electric bus at the i-th node in the t-th period, SoC i，t Cap represents the total battery status of the leased electric bus at the i-th node in the t-th period. i represents the carrying capacity of the electric bus connected to the i-th node charging station, represents the amount of electricity required for the daily operation of the electric bus at the i-th node, represents the total number of electric buses belonging to the i-th node / the minimum number to maintain bus service operation, Represents the upper / lower limit of the battery status percentage of an electric bus. Represents the upper limit of the battery charge / discharge power of an electric bus, E bus represents the total battery capacity of an electric bus, η c / η d represents the charging / discharging efficiency of the electric bus battery, and Δt represents the duration of each period.

[0049] According to a method for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses provided by the present invention, the method for constructing an objective function model for resilient restoration scheduling of a distribution network containing electric buses comprises:

[0050] determining a first worst utility of the owner of the distribution network and a second worst utility of the owner of the electric bus when the electric bus does not supply power to the distribution network;

[0051] determining a first utility of the owner of the distribution network and a second utility of the owner of the electric bus when the electric bus supplies power to the distribution network;

[0052] determining a first improved utility of the distribution network owner according to the first utility and the first worst utility;

[0053] determining a second improved utility of the electric bus owner according to the second utility and the second latest utility;

[0054] The function model is determined according to the product of the first improved utility and the second improved utility.

[0055] According to a method for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses provided by the present invention, wherein the method determines the number of electric buses to be mobilized to supply power to the distribution network by obtaining the optimal value of the function model, and specifically includes:

[0056] Step 1: Determine the number of electric buses leased to the distribution network;

[0057] determining a first maximized utility for a distribution network owner in leasing the number of electric buses;

[0058] Under the premise of the first maximized utility, determining the second maximized utility of the electric bus owner;

[0059] Step 2: Determine whether the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are optimal solutions;

[0060] Step 3: If it is determined that the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are optimal solutions, then determining the charging power of the electric bus to the charging station or the operating load of the electric bus;

[0061] If it is determined that the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are not optimal solutions, repeat step one and step two.

[0062] According to a method for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses provided by the present invention, the first utility is obtained through a first model:

[0063] The first model is:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, u grid represents the first utility of the distribution network owner, represents the set of all nodes in the distribution network, Y represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, ω i represents the load importance of the i-th node, Represents the active load recovery amount of the i-th node in the t-th period.

[0066] According to a method for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses provided by the present invention, the second utility is obtained through a second model:

[0067] The second model is:

[0068]

[0069] Among them, u bus represents the second utility of the electric bus owner, represents the set of nodes with electric bus charging stations in the distribution network, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, represents the electric bus load at the ith node in the tth period, E bus Represents the energy required for an electric bus to travel one kilometer; C bus Represents the public service value of electric buses for every kilometer they travel.

[0070] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a device for recovering the resilience of a distribution network containing electric buses, comprising:

[0071] The first processing module is used to construct a distribution network model with a radial topology and an electric bus model during the distribution network resilience recovery process;

[0072] A second processing module is used to construct a function model for resilient recovery scheduling of a distribution network containing electric buses based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model;

[0073] The third processing module is used to determine the number of electric buses to supply power to the distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging stations, or the operating load of the electric buses by obtaining the optimal value of the function model.

[0074] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses are implemented.

[0075] In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses.

[0076] The method and device for resilient recovery of a distribution network containing electric buses provided by the present invention construct a distribution network model with a radial topology and an electric bus model in the process of resilient recovery of the distribution network; then, based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model, a function model for resilient recovery scheduling of the distribution network containing electric buses is constructed; wherein the function model combines the benefits of the power system and the electric bus system, and then, by obtaining the optimal value of the function model, that is, judging the maximum value of the benefits in the power system and the electric bus system, and then determining the number of electric buses to supply power to the distribution network, the charging power of the electric bus to the charging station, or the operating load of the electric bus according to the maximum value. The present invention helps the power grid to achieve resilient recovery and maximizes social benefits by constructing a joint network of the power grid and electric buses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0077] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0078] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for recovering the resilience of a distribution network containing electric buses provided by the present invention;

[0079] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution network structure after adding a "virtual node" provided by the present invention;

[0080] Figure 3 It is a calculation flow chart of the resilient recovery scheduling of electric buses provided by the present invention;

[0081] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a device for recovering the resilience of an electric bus distribution network provided by the present invention;

[0082] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0084] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 2A method for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses provided in an embodiment of the present invention is described, comprising:

[0085] Step 100: constructing a distribution network model with a radial topology and an electric bus model during the distribution network resilience recovery process;

[0086] Specifically, ordinary electrified vehicles also have potential in grid resilience recovery. Electric vehicles, electric buses and other vehicles can be roughly regarded as mobile energy storage devices to assist in grid resilience recovery. However, the energy interaction between electrified vehicles and the grid must rely on the energy interface. Coordinated resilience recovery of electrified transportation and distribution networks refers to the rapid restoration of power supply to critical loads by combining electrified transportation power supply resources after extreme disasters.

[0087] Electrified transportation and distribution network coordinated resilience survival refers to the combination of electrified transportation power supply resources to form a reliable and lasting emergency power supply capability when responding to long-term disasters (such as floods, extreme cold, etc.). The coupling of transportation systems and distribution networks, on the one hand, increases the emergency power supply resources of distribution networks and enriches resilience survival solutions, but on the other hand, it also increases the constraints on resilience survival. Failures in distribution networks and transportation systems often affect each other, changing the deployment cost of emergency resources and increasing the complexity of resilience survival issues.

[0088] In order to ensure the effective operation of the distribution network, it is necessary to make the distribution network work in a radial structure. To this end, the model introduces the concept of directed graph in graph theory to model the distribution network.

[0089] refer to Figure 2 , a normally operating distribution network can be modeled using a tree in graph theory, with the load nodes in the entire distribution network regarded as leaf nodes of the tree and the lines as edges of the tree. In a resilient recovery scenario, the distribution network may be divided into island areas with distributed generator (DG) nodes as roots. In order to ensure that the divided island areas can maintain radial operation during topology reconstruction under fault scenarios, the model introduces the concepts of "virtual nodes" and "virtual loads" to form a virtual network. The following is a brief introduction to the relevant concepts:

[0090] (1) On the basis of the original distribution network, a "virtual node" (number i = 0) is added to the network. The disconnectable "virtual branch" connects the "virtual node" to the DG node in the distribution network. The "virtual node" itself does not generate or consume active power;

[0091] (2) Each node that has not lost power has 1 unit of "virtual demand", which is provided by the "virtual node". The "virtual demand" is transmitted through the "virtual branch" and the power supply branch in the distribution network.

[0092] (3) Each branch contains two directed edges in the positive and negative directions. The positive direction is when the node with a smaller number points to the node with a larger number, and the negative direction is when the node with a smaller number points to the node with a larger number. At most, only one of the positive and negative edges can be closed, and the direction is consistent with the direction of the active power or "virtual power".

[0093] After traditional topology reconstruction, the distribution network will form one or more radial operating areas. By introducing "virtual nodes", although the distribution network may be divided into isolated islands physically, a complete tree with "virtual nodes" as the root node can be formed topologically. This is beneficial to the calculation of the distribution network reconstruction model on the one hand, and provides convenience for the distribution network topology analysis on the other hand.

[0094] In order to perform distribution network reconstruction calculations, the model constraints can be divided into two categories: topological constraints and power flow constraints.

[0095] To ensure that the reconstructed distribution network topology remains radial, the following constraints can be listed:

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[0106] Formula (1) represents the line state constraint: as long as one of the forward and reverse edges of the line is closed, the line is closed; Formula (2) ensures that the line flow direction has at most one direction; Formula (3) ensures that the in-degree of "virtual node" 0 is 0, that is, the "virtual node" is guaranteed to be the root node; Formula (4) represents the out-degree of the "virtual node", that is, the number of regions divided after the distribution network is reconstructed; Formula (5) indicates that the in-degree of any node is not greater than 1, because each node can only have one father node in the radial structure; Formula (6) indicates that the in-degree of any node must not be less than the current node's energized state. Combined with Formula (5), it can be seen that when the node is energized, the in-degree of the node is forced to be 1, which means that when the node is energized, there must be and only one father node to supply power to the node; Formula (7) requires that the line state of the fault line is disconnected.

[0107] Formula (8) ensures that the line state is consistent with the nodes at both ends; Formula (9) and Formula (10) are connectivity constraints, reflecting the transmission of "virtual demand" in the virtual network. Since Formula (9) and Formula (10) contain quadratic terms, they are converted into the following two constraints:

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[0110] The LinDistFlow model is used in the model to analyze the distribution network flow. All the following lines (i, j) are sets The elements in , time period t is the time period within the reconstruction duration. The constraints are written as follows:

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[0127] Formula (13) and (14) respectively represent the amount of active / reactive power injected into the distribution network node; Formula (15) and (16) represent the upper and lower limits of active / reactive load constraints of the distribution network node; Formula (17) and (18) represent that there is no active / reactive output at the non-power node; Formula (19) and (20) represent the upper and lower limits of active / reactive output at the power node; Formula (21)-(24) represent the linear approximation of the line capacity constraint; Formula (25) and (26) represent the relationship between voltage and line flow based on the LinDistFlow model; Formula (27) represents that the voltage of the power node should be the reference voltage (usually 1); Formula (28) represents the voltage amplitude constraint of the non-power node of the distribution network. Among them, the compliance and meaning of the above constraints are shown in Table 1:

[0128] Table 1

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[0130]

[0131] In the distribution network resilience recovery model including electric buses considered in this invention, we assume that the electric buses are the assets of the electric bus owners and are operated and managed by the electric bus owners. Therefore, if the distribution network owner wants to use the energy storage resources of the electric buses for resilience recovery, it needs to rent the electric buses from the electric bus owners and arrange for the electric buses to discharge to the grid through V2G technology.

[0132] The embodiment of the present invention treats the electric bus leased by the power grid as a whole static energy storage device, does not model a specific electric bus, and assumes that the corresponding bus is fixed at the electric bus charging station during the lease period. Buses that are not leased by the power grid and maintained by the owner of the electric bus are modeled as loads, and the specific vehicle status and operation mode are also not studied. On the one hand, the above assumptions reduce the complexity of the model, reduce the number of variables, especially the number of 0-1 variables, and improve the speed of model solution; on the other hand, they are more in line with reality, considering that the power grid leases electric buses in the form of leasing.

[0133] Among them, the constraints for electric bus modeling are:

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[0146] Formula (29) represents the load range of the charging station node used for bus operation during the recovery of the distribution network; Formula (30) represents that the bus operation load does not exceed the upper limit of the load of the bus responsible for operation charged from the charging station; Formula (31) represents that the bus load of the non-charging station node is 0; Formula (32) represents the constraint condition on the number of rented vehicles at the charging station node; Formula (33) represents that the number of rented vehicles at the non-charging station node is 0; Formula (34) represents the constraint condition on the total number of charging and discharging vehicles rented at the charging station node; Formula (35) represents the upper limit constraint on the number of connections at the charging station node; Formulas (36) and (37) represent the upper and lower limit constraints on the charging / discharging power of the electric bus at the charging station node, and the power at the non-charging station node is 0; Formula (38) represents the upper and lower limit constraints on the total battery status of the rented vehicles at the charging station node; Formula (39) represents the timing constraint on the battery status of the rented vehicles at the charging station node.

[0147] Among them, the newly introduced symbols and their meanings outside Table 1 are shown in Table 2 below:

[0148] Table 2

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[0151] Step 200: constructing a function model for resilient recovery scheduling of a distribution network including electric buses based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model;

[0152] Specifically, in order to form a distribution network fault reconstruction model including electric buses, the final model is integrated based on the above. In order to combine the two parts of modeling, it is necessary to replace constraint (13) with the following constraint:

[0153]

[0154] Formula (40) is the node injection power formula that takes into account the charging and discharging conditions of electric bus loads and rental buses.

[0155] During the restoration of the distribution network, the goal of the distribution network owner is to minimize the loss of the distribution network, while the goal of the electric bus owner is to maintain the bus service as much as possible. These two goals influence each other in the resilience restoration process, and there is both a competitive relationship and a cooperative relationship. When the distribution network is restored, the distribution network owner can use the electric bus power of the electric bus owner to reduce the disaster losses and enhance the resilience of the distribution network. During the period when the distribution network is affected by the disaster, if the electric bus owner maintains the bus service in a normal operation mode, he will face the risk that the distribution network loses its power supply capacity and makes the bus service unsustainable; if the electric bus owner provides part of the electric bus power to support the key recovery stage of the distribution network, the overall loss of the distribution network can be reduced. Although the bus capacity is lost to a certain extent, the reliability of public transportation is enhanced, and the risk of completely losing the support of the distribution network is avoided. In the scenario of the present invention, both the distribution network owner and the electric bus owner hope to improve their own utility as much as possible, while also avoiding the worst case under non-cooperation, and need to seek a cooperative equilibrium point. Therefore, this problem is suitable for Nash bargaining game.

[0156] According to the optimization problem statement of the bargaining game, the objective function of the distribution network resilience recovery scheduling model containing electric buses can be obtained:

[0157] (u grid -d grid )(u bus -d bus ) (41)

[0158] In the formula, u grid , d grid represents the utility function and worst utility of the distribution network owner; u bus , d bus Utility function and worst utility of electric bus owners.

[0159] Step 300: Determine the number of electric buses to be mobilized to supply power to the distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging stations, or the operating load of the electric buses by obtaining the optimal value of the function model.

[0160] Specifically, the optimal dispatching plan is determined by determining the maximum value of the objective function, that is, by determining the maximum value of the utility added value of the grid owner and the utility added value of the electric bus owner.

[0161] The method for resilient recovery of a distribution network containing electric buses provided in an embodiment of the present invention is by constructing a distribution network model with a radial topology and an electric bus model in the process of resilient recovery of the distribution network; then, based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model, a function model for resilient recovery scheduling of the distribution network containing electric buses is constructed; wherein the function model combines the benefits of the power system and the electric bus system, and then, by obtaining the optimal value of the function model, that is, judging the maximum value of the benefits in the power system and the electric bus system, and then determining the number of electric buses to supply power to the distribution network, the charging power of the electric bus to the charging station, or the operating load of the electric bus based on the maximum value. The present invention helps the power grid to achieve resilient recovery and maximizes social benefits by constructing a joint network of the power grid and electric buses.

[0162] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses is provided, wherein the method for constructing an objective function model for resilient restoration scheduling of a distribution network containing electric buses comprises:

[0163] determining a first worst utility of the owner of the distribution network and a second worst utility of the owner of the electric bus when the electric bus does not supply power to the distribution network;

[0164] determining a first utility of the owner of the distribution network and a second utility of the owner of the electric bus when the electric bus supplies power to the distribution network;

[0165] determining a first improved utility of the distribution network owner according to the first utility and the first worst utility;

[0166] determining a second improved utility of the electric bus owner according to the second utility and the second latest utility;

[0167] The function model is determined according to the product of the first improved utility and the second improved utility.

[0168] Specifically, in calculating the worst utility d grid , d bus The worst utility is the utility of the distribution network owner and the electric bus owner under the non-cooperation situation. At this time, the electric bus does not supply power to the grid, that is, the constraint condition is added:

[0169]

[0170] This means that the number of leased vehicles at each charging station is 0, i.e. the owners of the distribution network and electric buses are not cooperating.

[0171] Under the premise of non-cooperation between the two, the electric bus operating load is also used as the grid load recovery target and is assigned a corresponding weight ω bus . The objective function is modified to:

[0172]

[0173] That is, by determining that when there is no cooperation between the distribution network and the electric bus, the maximum utility of the two is the worst utility of the distribution network and the electric bus.

[0174] The first utility is obtained by the following first model:

[0175] The first model is:

[0176]

[0177] Among them, u grid represents the first utility of the distribution network owner, represents the set of all nodes in the distribution network, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, ω i represents the load importance of the i-th node, Represents the active load recovery amount of the i-th node in the t-th period.

[0178] The second utility is obtained by the following second model:

[0179] The second model is:

[0180]

[0181] Among them, u bus represents the second utility of the electric bus owner, represents the set of nodes with electric bus charging stations in the distribution network, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, represents the electric bus load at the ith node in the tth period, E bus Represents the energy required for an electric bus to travel one kilometer; C bus Represents the public service value of electric buses for every kilometer they travel.

[0182] Then, a first improved utility of the distribution network owner is determined according to the first utility and the first worst utility; a second improved utility of the electric bus owner is determined according to the second utility and the second latest utility; and the function model is determined according to the product of the first improved utility and the second improved utility.

[0183] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses is provided, wherein obtaining the optimal value of the function model to determine the number of electric buses to be mobilized to supply power to the distribution network specifically includes:

[0184] Step 1: Determine the number of electric buses leased to the distribution network;

[0185] determining a first maximized utility for a distribution network owner in leasing the number of electric buses;

[0186] Under the premise of the first maximized utility, determining the second maximized utility of the electric bus owner;

[0187] Step 2: Determine whether the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are optimal solutions;

[0188] Step 3: If it is determined that the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are optimal solutions, then determining the charging power of the electric bus to the charging station or the operating load of the electric bus;

[0189] If it is determined that the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are not optimal solutions, repeat step one and step two.

[0190] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 As shown in the figure, in the actual solution process, the original problem objective function contains the product of decision variables, and the solution is relatively complicated. To reduce the computational complexity, the number of electric bus rentals R is fixed in each round of calculation, that is, the following constraints are added:

[0191]

[0192] In the calculation, the problem is transformed into a dual-objective optimization problem to find the Pareto optimal solution. The process is briefly described as follows:

[0193] (1) With maxu grid Optimize the objective function and get the public transportation utility u at this time bus,min ;

[0194] (2) Using maxu grid To optimize the objective function, gradually improve the lower bound of public transportation utility, and add the following constraints:

[0195] u bus ≥(1+γ)ubus,min (47)

[0196] Among them, γ is the step size of improving the lower bound of public transportation utility. Through this method, the Pareto frontier under a certain number of rental cars is obtained;

[0197] (3) Find the Pareto optimal point in the Pareto frontier.

[0198] Through the above calculation process, the model in the calculation is converted into a MILP problem, which can be solved by a mature commercial solver. Through the above method, a disaster distribution network restoration dispatching plan that balances the benefits of bus companies and power grid companies can be obtained.

[0199] Combination Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for recovering the resilience of an electric bus distribution network, comprising:

[0200] The first processing module 41 is used to construct a distribution network model with a radial topology and an electric bus model in the process of distribution network resilience recovery;

[0201] A second processing module 42 is used to construct a function model for resilient recovery scheduling of a distribution network including electric buses based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model;

[0202] The third processing module 43 is used to determine the number of electric buses to be mobilized to supply power to the distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging stations, or the operating load of the electric buses by obtaining the optimal value of the function model.

[0203] Since the device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can be used to execute the method described in the above embodiment, its working principle and beneficial effects are similar, so they are not described in detail here. For specific contents, please refer to the introduction of the above embodiment.

[0204] The device for resilient recovery of a distribution network containing electric buses provided by the present invention constructs a distribution network model with a radial topology and an electric bus model in the process of resilient recovery of the distribution network; then, based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model, a function model for resilient recovery scheduling of the distribution network containing electric buses is constructed; wherein the function model combines the benefits of the power system and the electric bus system, and then, by obtaining the optimal value of the function model, that is, judging the maximum value of the benefits in the power system and the electric bus system, and then determining the number of electric buses to supply power to the distribution network, the charging power of the electric bus to the charging station, or the operating load of the electric bus according to the maximum value. The present invention helps the power grid to achieve resilient recovery and maximizes social benefits by constructing a joint network of the power grid and electric buses.

[0205] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a device for resilient recovery of an electric bus distribution network is provided, wherein the distribution network model in the first processing module 41 is:

[0206]

[0207]

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[0231] in, represents the set of all nodes in the distribution network, represents the set of physical lines in the distribution network, where all lines (i, j) satisfy i <j, represents a collection of “virtual lines” in the distribution network, represents the set of fault lines in the distribution network, Represents the collection of power nodes in the distribution network, including the main grid and distributed power sources, u i represents the charged state of the i-th node, represents the active / reactive load recovery amount of the i-th node in the t-th period, represents the active / reactive load generation of the i-th node in the t-th period, P ij,t / Q ij,t represents the active / reactive transmission amount of line (i, j) in the tth period, V i,t represents the voltage amplitude of the ith node at the tth time period, f i L The “virtual demand” of node i, f ij represents the “virtual demand” delivered by line (i, j), s ij represents the state of line (i,j), Represents the state of the forward edge of line (i,j), Represents the state of the reverse edge of line (i, j), ω i represents the load importance of the i-th node, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, represents the upper limit of active / reactive load of the ith node, represents the lower limit of active / reactive load of the ith node, represents the upper limit of active / reactive output of the ith node, represents the lower limit of active / reactive output of the ith node, Represents the upper / lower capacity limit of line (i, j), R ij / X ij represents the resistance / reactance of line (i,j), Represents the upper / lower limit of the voltage at the i-th node.

[0232] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a device for resilient recovery of a distribution network containing electric buses is provided, wherein the electric bus model in the first processing module 41 is:

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[0244] in, represents the set of nodes with electric bus charging stations in the distribution network, represents the set of all nodes in the distribution network, u i represents the energized state of the i-th node, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, and R i represents the number of electric buses rented by the i-th node, represents the electric bus load at the ith node in the tth period, β i,t represents the number of electric buses charged at the i-th node in the t-th period, c i,t / d i,t represents the number of electric buses charged / discharged at the i-th node in the t-th period, represents the charging / discharging power of the electric bus at the i-th node in the t-th period, SoC i,t Cap represents the total battery status of the leased electric bus at the i-th node in the t-th period. i represents the carrying capacity of the electric bus connected to the i-th node charging station, represents the amount of electricity required for the daily operation of the electric bus at the i-th node, represents the total number of electric buses belonging to the i-th node / the minimum number to maintain bus service operation, Represents the upper / lower limit of the battery status percentage of an electric bus. Represents the upper limit of the battery charge / discharge power of an electric bus, E bus represents the total battery capacity of an electric bus, η c / η d represents the charging / discharging efficiency of the electric bus battery, and Δt represents the duration of each period.

[0245] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a device for resilient recovery of an electric bus distribution network is provided, wherein the second processing module 42 is specifically used for:

[0246] determining a first worst utility of the owner of the distribution network and a second worst utility of the owner of the electric bus when the electric bus does not supply power to the distribution network;

[0247] determining a first utility of the owner of the distribution network and a second utility of the owner of the electric bus when the electric bus supplies power to the distribution network;

[0248] determining a first improved utility of the distribution network owner according to the first utility and the first worst utility;

[0249] determining a second improved utility of the electric bus owner according to the second utility and the second latest utility;

[0250] The function model is determined according to the product of the first improved utility and the second improved utility.

[0251] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a device for resilient recovery of an electric bus distribution network is provided, wherein the third processing module 43 is specifically used to execute:

[0252] Step 1: Determine the number of electric buses leased to the distribution network;

[0253] determining a first maximized utility for a distribution network owner in leasing the number of electric buses;

[0254] Under the premise of the first maximized utility, determining the second maximized utility of the electric bus owner;

[0255] Step 2: Determine whether the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are optimal solutions;

[0256] Step 3: If it is determined that the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are optimal solutions, then determining the charging power of the electric bus to the charging station or the operating load of the electric bus;

[0257] If it is determined that the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are not optimal solutions, repeat step one and step two.

[0258] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a device for resilient recovery of an electric bus distribution network is provided, wherein the first model in the third processing module 43 is:

[0259]

[0260] Among them, u grid represents the first utility of the distribution network owner, represents the set of all nodes in the distribution network, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, ω i represents the load importance of the i-th node, Represents the active load recovery amount of the i-th node in the t-th period.

[0261] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a device for resilient recovery of an electric bus distribution network is provided, wherein the second model in the third processing module 43 is:

[0262]

[0263] Among them, u bus represents the second utility of the electric bus owner, represents the set of nodes with electric bus charging stations in the distribution network, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, represents the electric bus load at the ith node in the tth period, E bus Represents the energy required for an electric bus to travel one kilometer; C bus Represents the public service value of electric buses for every kilometer they travel.

[0264] Figure 5 An example of a physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 510, a communication interface 520, a memory 530 and a communication bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communication interface 520 and the memory 530 communicate with each other through the communication bus 540. The processor 510 may call the logic instructions in the memory 530 to execute the method provided by the present invention for the resilience recovery of a distribution network containing electric buses, the method comprising: constructing a distribution network model with a radial topology and an electric bus model in the process of resilience recovery of the distribution network; constructing a function model for resilience recovery scheduling of a distribution network containing electric buses based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model; and determining the number of electric buses to be mobilized to supply power to the distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging stations or the operating load of the electric buses by obtaining the optimal value of the function model.

[0265] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 530 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when it is sold or used as an independent product. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0266] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can execute a method for resilient recovery of a distribution network containing electric buses provided by the above methods, the method including: constructing a distribution network model with a radial topology and an electric bus model during the resilience recovery process of the distribution network; constructing a function model for resilience recovery scheduling of the distribution network containing electric buses based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model; and determining the number of electric buses to be mobilized to supply power to the distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging stations, or the operating load of the electric buses by obtaining the optimal value of the function model.

[0267] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to execute a method for resilient recovery of a distribution network containing electric buses provided above, the method comprising: constructing a distribution network model with a radial topology and an electric bus model during the resilience recovery process of the distribution network; constructing a function model for resilience recovery scheduling of the distribution network containing electric buses based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model; and determining the number of electric buses to be mobilized to supply power to the distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging stations, or the operating load of the electric buses by obtaining the optimal value of the function model.

[0268] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0269] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0270] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses, characterized in that: include: Construct a distribution network model with radial topology and an electric bus model during the distribution network resilience recovery process; Constructing a function model for resilient recovery scheduling of a distribution network including electric buses based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model; By obtaining the optimal value of the function model, determining the number of electric buses to be mobilized to supply power to the distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging stations, or the operating load of the electric buses; The method for constructing an objective function model for resilient restoration scheduling of a distribution network including electric buses comprises: determining a first worst utility of the owner of the distribution network and a second worst utility of the owner of the electric bus when the electric bus does not supply power to the distribution network; determining a first utility of the owner of the distribution network and a second utility of the owner of the electric bus when the electric bus supplies power to the distribution network; determining a first improved utility of the distribution network owner according to the first utility and the first worst utility; determining a second improved utility of the electric bus owner according to the second utility and the second worst utility; determining the function model according to the product of the first improved utility and the second improved utility; The first utility is obtained through a first model: The first model is: Among them, u grid represents the first utility of the distribution network owner, represents the set of all nodes in the distribution network, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, ω i represents the load importance of the i-th node, represents the active load recovery amount of the i-th node in the t-th period; The second utility is obtained by the second model: The second model is: Among them, u bus represents the second utility of the electric bus owner, represents the set of nodes with electric bus charging stations in the distribution network, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, represents the electric bus load at the ith node in the tth period, E bus Represents the energy required for an electric bus to travel one kilometer; C bus Represents the public service value of electric buses for every kilometer they travel.

2. The method for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution network model is: in, represents the set of all nodes in the distribution network, represents the set of physical lines in the distribution network, where all lines (i, j) satisfy i <j, represents a collection of "virtual lines" in the distribution network, represents the set of fault lines in the distribution network, Represents the collection of power nodes in the distribution network, including the main grid and distributed power sources, u i represents the charged state of the i-th node, represents the active / reactive load recovery amount of the i-th node in the t-th period, represents the active / reactive load generation of the i-th node in the t-th period, P ij,t / Q ij,t represents the active / reactive transmission amount of line (i, j) in the tth period, V i,t represents the voltage amplitude of the ith node at the tth time period, The "virtual demand" of node i, f ij represents the "virtual demand" transmitted by line (i, j), s ij represents the state of line (i,j), Represents the state of the forward edge of line (i,j), Represents the state of the reverse edge of line (i, j), ω i represents the load importance of the i-th node, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, represents the upper limit of active / reactive load of the ith node, represents the lower limit of active / reactive load of the ith node, represents the upper limit of active / reactive output of the ith node, represents the lower limit of active / reactive output of the ith node, Represents the upper / lower capacity limit of line (i, j), R ij / X ij represents the resistance / reactance of line (i,j), Represents the upper / lower limit of the voltage at the i-th node.

3. The method for recovering the resilience of a distribution network containing electric buses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric bus model is: in, represents the set of nodes with electric bus charging stations in the distribution network, represents the set of all nodes in the distribution network, u i represents the energized state of the i-th node, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, and R i represents the number of electric buses rented by the i-th node, represents the electric bus load at the ith node in the tth period, β i,t represents the number of electric buses charged at the i-th node in the t-th period, c i,t / d i,t represents the number of electric buses charged / discharged at the i-th node in the t-th period, represents the charging / discharging power of the electric bus at the i-th node in the t-th period, SoC i,t Cap represents the total battery status of the leased electric bus at the i-th node in the t-th period. i represents the carrying capacity of the electric bus connected to the i-th node charging station, represents the amount of electricity required for the daily operation of the electric bus at the i-th node, represents the total number of electric buses belonging to the i-th node / the minimum number to maintain bus service operation, Represents the upper / lower limit of the battery status percentage of an electric bus. Represents the upper limit of the battery charge / discharge power of an electric bus, E bus represents the total battery capacity of an electric bus, η c / η d represents the charging / discharging efficiency of the electric bus battery, and Δt represents the duration of each period.

4. The method for recovering the resilience of a distribution network containing electric buses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the optimal value of the function model to determine the number of electric buses to supply power to the distribution network specifically includes: Step 1: Determine the number of electric buses leased to the distribution network; determining a first maximized utility for a distribution network owner in leasing the number of electric buses; Under the premise of the first maximized utility, determining the second maximized utility of the electric bus owner; Step 2: Determine whether the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are optimal solutions; Step 3: If it is determined that the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are optimal solutions, then determining the charging power of the electric bus to the charging station or the operating load of the electric bus; If it is determined that the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are not optimal solutions, repeat step one and step two.

5. A device for recovering the resilience of an electric bus distribution network, characterized in that: include: The first processing module is used to construct a distribution network model with a radial topology and an electric bus model during the distribution network resilience recovery process; A second processing module is used to construct a function model for resilient recovery scheduling of a distribution network containing electric buses based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model; A third processing module is used to determine the number of electric buses to be mobilized to supply power to the distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging stations, or the operating load of the electric buses by obtaining the optimal value of the function model; The second processing module is specifically used for: determining a first worst utility of the owner of the distribution network and a second worst utility of the owner of the electric bus when the electric bus does not supply power to the distribution network; determining a first utility of the owner of the distribution network and a second utility of the owner of the electric bus when the electric bus supplies power to the distribution network; determining a first improved utility of the distribution network owner according to the first utility and the first worst utility; determining a second improved utility of the electric bus owner according to the second utility and the second worst utility; determining the function model according to the product of the first improved utility and the second improved utility; The first utility is obtained through a first model: The first model in the third processing module is: Among them, u grid represents the first utility of the distribution network owner, represents the set of all nodes in the distribution network, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, ω i represents the load importance of the i-th node, represents the active load recovery amount of the i-th node in the t-th period; The second utility is obtained through a second model; The second model in the third processing module is: Among them, u bus represents the second utility of the electric bus owner, represents the set of nodes with electric bus charging stations in the distribution network, T represents the total number of time periods for distribution network restoration, represents the electric bus load at the ith node in the tth period, E bus Represents the energy required for an electric bus to travel one kilometer; C bus Represents the public service value of electric buses for every kilometer they travel.

6. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the steps of the method for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

7. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for resilient restoration of a distribution network containing electric buses as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

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