Hypergravity Centrifuge Heat Pipe Composite Refrigeration System

Abstract

The present application provides a hypergravity centrifuge heat pipe composite refrigeration system for cooling a hypergravity centrifuge. The hypergravity centrifuge includes a rotor rotating around a vertical axis and an experimental chamber covering the rotor. The rotor has a shaft portion rotatably fitted with the experimental chamber, and the shaft portion has a shaft top end located outside the experimental chamber. The hypergravity centrifuge heat pipe composite refrigeration system includes a liquid cooling device and an evaporative cooling device. The liquid cooling device includes a refrigeration source and a first cooling medium circulation pipeline communicated with the refrigeration source and thermally coupled with the cabin wall of the experimental chamber. The evaporative cooling device includes a condensation chamber arranged outside the experimental chamber and a heat pipe radiator thermally coupled with the rotor. The heat absorption end of the heat pipe radiator is fixed to the rotor, and the heat dissipation end of the heat pipe radiator extends into the condensation chamber through the shaft top end. The present application can effectively reduce the temperature generated by the rotor during high-speed operation and ensure the safe and efficient operation of the hypergravity centrifuge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of supergravity technology, and particularly to a heat pipe composite refrigeration system for a supergravity centrifuge. Background Art

[0002] The basic principle of supergravity engineering technology is to utilize the unique flow behavior of multiphase flow systems under supergravity conditions to enhance the relative velocity and mutual contact between phases, thereby realizing efficient mass transfer, heat transfer, and chemical reaction processes. On Earth, a simple method to achieve a supergravity environment is to simulate it by generating centrifugal force through rotation. Such rotating equipment is called a supergravity centrifuge.

[0003] A supergravity centrifuge mainly includes a rotor that rotates around a vertical axis and an experimental chamber that covers the rotor. The rotor is driven by a drive motor to rotate at a high speed, generating a huge centrifugal force to meet the requirements of supergravity experiments. During this process, the rotation of the rotor drives the air flow in the experimental chamber, causing mutual friction between the rotor and the surrounding air, and between the flowing air and the experimental chamber, generating heat. If this part of the heat is not dissipated in time, it will cause a sharp increase in the temperature in the experimental chamber, endangering the safe operation of the entire experimental device and having a greater impact on the safety performance and measurement accuracy of electronic components such as measurement sensors. Therefore, a cooling system needs to be designed for the supergravity centrifuge.

[0004] When the supergravity centrifuge is running, the rotor rotates at a high speed, and the heat generation power can reach 5 MW. For example, the relative movement speed of the rotor end relative to the air is the largest, the temperature is higher, and the heat dissipation requirement is greater. Currently, the cooling system of the supergravity centrifuge generally uses static pipelines fixed to the experimental chamber. The static pipelines are convenient for directly exchanging heat with the chamber wall of the experimental chamber or the air in the experimental chamber, but it is not convenient to directly exchange heat and cool the high-speed moving rotor, and the cooling effect needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a heat pipe composite refrigeration system for a supergravity centrifuge, which can improve the cooling capacity and operate more reliably.

[0006] A heat pipe composite refrigeration system for a supergravity centrifuge provided by this application is used to cool the supergravity centrifuge. The supergravity centrifuge includes a rotor that rotates around a vertical axis and an experimental chamber that covers the rotor. The rotor has a shaft portion that is rotationally coupled with the experimental chamber, and the shaft portion has a shaft top end located outside the experimental chamber. The heat pipe composite refrigeration system for the supergravity centrifuge includes a liquid cooling device and an evaporation cooling device;

[0007] The liquid cooling device includes a refrigeration source and a first cooling medium circulation pipeline that is communicated with the refrigeration source and thermally coupled with the chamber wall of the experimental chamber;

[0008] The evaporation cooling device includes a condensation chamber disposed outside the experimental chamber, and a heat pipe radiator that communicates with the condensation chamber and extends into the rotor through the top end of the shaft for heat exchange.

[0009] The following also provides several optional ways, which are not additional limitations to the above overall solution, but merely further supplements or optimizations. Without technical or logical contradictions, each optional way can be combined with the above overall solution alone, or multiple optional ways can be combined with each other.

[0010] Optionally, the liquid cooling device further includes a second cooling medium circulation pipeline that is thermally coupled to the condensation chamber.

[0011] Optionally, the condensation chamber is located above the top end of the shaft so that the condensed liquid in the heat pipe radiator can flow back by its own gravity.

[0012] Optionally, the heat pipe radiator is a non-closed structure formed by connecting multiple sections of pipes and has a heat dissipation end and a heat absorption end. The heat dissipation end extends into the condensation chamber, the heat absorption end is thermally coupled to the rotor, and the cooling medium circulates bidirectionally in the same section of the pipe to form a cooling medium circulation pipeline.

[0013] Optionally, the rotor is a symmetric structure relative to the vertical axis and has a high-temperature end far from the vertical axis. The heat pipe radiator includes:

[0014] A first pipe that extends vertically inside the shaft, and the upper end of the first pipe is the heat dissipation end;

[0015] A second pipe, one end of which is connected to the lower end of the first pipe, and the other end is the heat absorption end and extends to the high-temperature end of the rotor.

[0016] Optionally, the second pipe includes:

[0017] A vertical section that is close to the surface of the high-temperature end, and the lower end of the vertical section is the heat absorption end;

[0018] An inclined section, one end of which is connected to the bottom end of the first pipe, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the vertical section.

[0019] Optionally, the upper end position of the vertical section is higher than the bottom end position of the first pipe.

[0020] Optionally, the hypergravity centrifuge heat pipe composite refrigeration system further includes a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is connected to the experimental chamber through a vacuum pipeline to adjust the vacuum degree in the experimental chamber.

[0021] Optionally, the supergravity centrifuge heat pipe composite refrigeration system further includes a cold storage tank communicated with the first cooling medium circulation pipeline for storing the cooling medium generated by the refrigeration source.

[0022] Optionally, the first cooling medium circulation pipeline passes through the side wall of the experimental cabin.

[0023] The supergravity centrifuge heat pipe composite refrigeration system of the present application effectively reduces the temperature generated by the rotor during high-speed operation through the mutual cooperation of the liquid cooling device and the evaporation cooling device, ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the supergravity centrifuge. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a supergravity centrifuge heat pipe composite refrigeration system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an evaporation cooling device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] The descriptions of the reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:

[0027] 100, supergravity centrifuge;

[0028] 200, rotor; 201, shaft part; 202, shaft top; 203, high-temperature end;

[0029] 300, experimental cabin; 301, cabin wall radiator;

[0030] 400, supergravity centrifuge heat pipe composite refrigeration system;

[0031] 500, liquid cooling device; 501, refrigeration source; 502, first cooling medium circulation pipeline; 503, second cooling medium circulation pipeline;

[0032] 600, evaporation cooling device; 601, condensation chamber; 602, heat pipe radiator; 603, heat dissipation end; 604, heat absorption end; 605, first pipeline; 606, second pipeline; 607, vertical section; 608, inclined section; 609, air flow channel;

[0033] 700, vacuum pump; 701, vacuum valve;

[0034] 800, cold storage tank;

[0035] 900, circulation pump. Detailed Embodiments

[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0037] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may also be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "disposed on" another component, it can be directly disposed on the other component or there may be an intermediate component at the same time.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used in the description of the present application in this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0039] The present application discloses a compound refrigeration system of a high gravity centrifuge heat pipe for cooling the high gravity centrifuge 100. The high gravity centrifuge 100 includes a rotor 200 rotating around a vertical axis and an experimental chamber 300 covering the outside of the rotor 200. The rotor 200 has a shaft portion 201 rotatably engaged with the experimental chamber 300, and the shaft portion 201 has a shaft top end 202 located outside the experimental chamber 300. The compound refrigeration system 400 of the high gravity centrifuge heat pipe includes a liquid cooling device 500 and an evaporative cooling device 600;

[0040] The liquid cooling device 500 includes a refrigeration source 501 and a first cooling medium circulation pipeline 502 that is communicated with the refrigeration source 501 and thermally coupled to the chamber wall radiator 301 of the experimental chamber 300.

[0041] The evaporative cooling device 600 includes a condensation chamber 601 disposed outside the experimental chamber 300 and a heat pipe radiator 602 that is communicated with the condensation chamber 601 and extends into the rotor 200 through the shaft top end 202 for heat exchange.

[0042] In this embodiment, the huge centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the rotor 200 is used to meet the relevant requirements of the hypergravity experiment; the experimental chamber 300 is used to install experimental instruments or place experimental items; when the hypergravity centrifuge 100 is working, a large amount of heat will be generated by the friction between the high-speed rotating rotor 200 and the flowing air, and between the flowing air and the chamber wall. The first cooling medium circulation pipeline 502 of the liquid cooling device 500 absorbs the heat generated between the rotor 200 and the chamber wall in the chamber wall radiator 301 of the experimental chamber, reducing the temperature of the hypergravity centrifuge 100; when the hypergravity centrifuge 100 is working, a large amount of heat will also be generated inside the rotor 200 due to the high-speed movement. The heat pipe radiator 602 of the evaporation cooling device 600 absorbs the heat inside the rotor 200, preventing the rotor 200 from being affected by excessive temperature and reducing the internal temperature of the hypergravity centrifuge 100.

[0043] By using the liquid cooling device 500 and the heat pipe evaporation cooling device 600 to absorb heat, it can ensure that the precision of each instrument in the hypergravity centrifuge 100 is not affected by the temperature rise, and at the same time enable the hypergravity centrifuge 100 to operate safely and effectively.

[0044] The connection method between the liquid cooling device 500 and the condensation chamber 601 is that the liquid cooling device 500 further includes a second cooling medium circulation pipeline 503 that is thermally coupled to the condensation chamber 601. The port of the second cooling medium circulation pipeline 503 entering the condensation chamber 601 is lower than the port leaving the condensation chamber 601, so that the cooling medium flowing out of equipment such as the refrigeration source 501 can fully fill the periphery of the condensation chamber 601, enabling the condensation chamber 601 to be fully cooled. The cooling medium enters the refrigeration source 501 through the circulation pump 900, and the cooling medium is cooled. The cooled cooling medium is then transported back to the second cooling medium circulation pipeline 503 to start the next cycle.

[0045] In order to facilitate the inflow of the condensate into the shaft top 202, the condensation chamber 601 is located above the shaft top 202 so that the condensate in the heat pipe radiator flows back by its own gravity, that is, it flows into the shaft top 202.

[0046] The condensate flows through the heat pipe radiator 602 to cool down the rotor 200. The heat pipe radiator 602 is a non-closed structure formed by connecting multiple sections of pipes and has a heat dissipation end 603 and a heat absorption end 604. Among them, the heat dissipation end 603 extends into the condensation chamber 601, and the heat absorption end 604 is thermally coupled to the rotor 200. The cooling medium flows bidirectionally in the same section of the pipe to form a cooling medium circulation pipeline. The cooling medium in the second cooling medium circulation pipeline 503 cools down the condensate in the heat dissipation end 603. After being cooled down, the condensate flows through the heat absorption end 604 by its own gravity and centrifugal force to absorb the heat inside the rotor 200 and cool down the inside of the rotor 200. The heat pipe radiator 602 is fixed outside the rotor 200, which is convenient for maintenance personnel to inspect and replace.

[0047] The specific structure of the heat pipe radiator 602 is that the rotor 200 itself is a symmetric structure with respect to the vertical axis and has a high-temperature end 203 far from the vertical axis. The heat pipe radiator 602 includes: a first pipe 605 that extends vertically within the shaft portion 201, and the upper end of the first pipe 605 is the heat dissipation end 603; a second pipe 606, one end of which is connected to the lower end of the first pipe 605, and the other end is the heat absorption end 604 and extends to the high-temperature end 203 of the rotor 200. As a preferred solution, two rotors 200 are provided and are located at both ends of the shaft portion 201. When the supergravity centrifuge 100 is working, the rotor 200 rotates at a high speed, and the bottom of the rotor 200 is almost perpendicular to the bottom surface of the experimental chamber 300. When the condensate flows from the heat dissipation end 603 through the first pipe 605 to the top of the shaft 202, it is thrown to the heat absorption end 604 of the second pipe 606 due to the action of centrifugal force. The condensate absorbs the heat generated by the friction between the rotor 200 and the flowing air through phase change heat transfer at the heat absorption end 604, and at the same time evaporates into a gas. The condensate evaporated into a gas returns to the heat dissipation end 603 through the air flow channel 609 inside the heat pipe radiator 602, and is cooled into a liquid state by the condensate in the second cooling medium circulation pipeline 503 at the heat dissipation end 603, and then re-enters the top of the shaft 202 through the first pipe 605 to start the next cycle. As a preferred solution, the heat dissipation end 603 can adopt a cylindrical cavity, and the heat dissipation end 603 rotates in the condensation chamber 601 together with the rotor 200. The heat absorption end 604 is fixed to the high-temperature end 203 outside the rotor 200.

[0048] To facilitate centrifugal force transfer of the condensate to the heat-absorbing end 604, the second pipe 606 includes a vertical section 607 positioned proximate to the surface of the high-temperature end 203, with the lower end of the vertical section 607 serving as the heat-absorbing end 604; and an inclined section 608, one end of which communicates with the bottom end of the first pipe 605 and the other end with the upper end of the vertical section 607. The upper end of the vertical section 607 is positioned higher than the lower end of the first pipe 605. By gradually increasing the inclined section 608 from the lower end of the first pipe 605 and placing the vertical section 607 in close proximity to the high-temperature section, the condensate can more effectively dissipate heat through phase change.

[0049] To reduce resistance to the rotation of the rotor 200, the ultragravity centrifuge heat pipe composite refrigeration system 400 also includes a vacuum pump 700. This vacuum pump 700 is connected to the experimental chamber 300 via a vacuum pipeline to adjust the vacuum level within the experimental chamber 300. When the vacuum level within the experimental chamber 300 decreases, the air resistance to the rotation of the rotor 200 is significantly reduced, and the resistance between the flowing air and the chamber wall 301 is also reduced. By opening the vacuum valve 701, the vacuum pump 700 evacuates the experimental chamber 300 to a certain vacuum level within the experimental chamber 300. The vacuum level can be determined based on the difference between the actual measured temperature within the experimental chamber 300 and the experimental requirements.

[0050] To ensure sufficient cooling medium during operation of the ultragravity centrifuge 100, the ultragravity centrifuge heat pipe composite refrigeration system 400 also includes a cold storage tank 800 connected to the first cooling medium circulation pipeline 502 for storing the cooling medium generated by the refrigeration source 501. To ensure that the cooling medium effectively absorbs heat within the experimental chamber 300, the first cooling medium circulation pipeline 502 passes through the bulkhead radiator 301 on the side wall of the experimental chamber 300. The inlet end of the first cooling medium circulation pipeline 502 at the bulkhead radiator 301 is lower than the outlet end, allowing the cooling medium to be distributed throughout the experimental chamber 300, effectively absorbing the heat generated by friction between the flowing air and the bulkhead. The cooling medium flowing through the outlet end is transported to the refrigeration source 501 by a circulating pump 900 for cooling before the next cycle begins.

[0051] When the ultracentrifuge starts to work, the refrigeration source 501 and / or the cold storage tank 800 transport the cooling medium through the first cooling medium circulation pipeline 502 and the second cooling medium circulation pipeline 503. When the cooling medium flowing through the first cooling medium circulation pipeline 502 passes through the bulkhead radiator 301 of the experimental chamber 300, it absorbs the heat generated between the flowing air and the bulkhead, as well as between the rotor 200 and the bulkhead 301, and transports the cooled cooling medium to the refrigeration source 501 through the circulation pump 900 for further cooling. At the same time, the condensate absorbs the heat generated between the rotor 200 and the flowing air through the heat pipe radiator 602, and the heated condensate is cooled by the cooling medium flowing through the second cooling medium circulation pipeline 503. The cooling medium heated in the three cooling medium circulation pipelines is also transported to the refrigeration source 501 through the circulation pipe for cooling. At the same time, the vacuum pump 700 is turned on to reduce the vacuum degree in the experimental chamber 300 to reduce the heat generated by friction of each device.

[0052] This device can also omit the first and second cooling media and the circulation pump 900, and adopt the method of direct evaporation refrigeration of the cooling medium in the bulkhead radiator 301 of the experimental chamber and the heat dissipation end 603 to take away the heat in the experimental chamber and the heat dissipation end of the heat pipe: At this time, the refrigeration source 501 is equivalent to the refrigerant compressor and the condensation heat dissipation device in the refrigeration system, and the cold storage tank 800 is a high-pressure refrigerant storage tank; the refrigerant enters the bulkhead radiator 301 and the heat dissipation end 603 of the heat pipe refrigeration device through the throttling device for direct evaporation refrigeration, and then enters the next cycle through the refrigeration source 501.

[0053] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as the combinations of these technical features do not conflict, they should be considered as falling within the scope described in this specification. When the technical features in different embodiments are shown in the same drawing, it can be regarded that the drawing also discloses the combination examples of the various embodiments involved. The above-described embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A compound refrigeration system of a high gravity centrifuge heat pipe, which is used to cool a high gravity centrifuge, is characterized in that The supergravity centrifuge includes a rotor rotating about a vertical axis and an experimental chamber covering the rotor. The rotor has a shaft portion that is rotationally mated with the experimental chamber. The shaft portion has a shaft top end located outside the experimental chamber. The supergravity centrifuge heat pipe composite refrigeration system includes a liquid cooling device and an evaporation cooling device; The liquid cooling device includes a refrigeration source and a first cooling medium circulation pipeline that is communicated with the refrigeration source and thermally coupled with the cabin wall of the experimental chamber; The evaporation cooling device includes a condensation chamber arranged outside the experimental chamber and a heat pipe radiator thermally coupled with the rotor. The heat absorption end of the heat pipe radiator is fixed to the rotor, and the heat absorption end is fixed to the high-temperature end outside the rotor. The heat dissipation end of the heat pipe radiator extends into the condensation chamber through the shaft top end. The heat pipe radiator includes a first pipe and a second pipe. The first pipe extends vertically inside the shaft portion, and the upper end of the first pipe is the heat dissipation end. One end of the second pipe is communicated with the lower end of the first pipe. The rotor is symmetric with respect to the vertical axis and has a high-temperature end far from the vertical axis. The other end of the second pipe is the heat absorption end and extends to the high-temperature end. The second pipe includes a vertical section and an inclined section. The vertical section is close to the surface of the high-temperature end, and the lower end of the vertical section is the heat absorption end. One end of the inclined section is communicated with the bottom end of the first pipe, and the other end of the inclined section is communicated with the upper end of the vertical section. The upper end position of the vertical section is higher than the bottom end position of the first pipe; The condensation chamber is located above the shaft top end so that the condensate in the heat pipe radiator flows back by its own gravity. The heat pipe radiator is fixed outside the rotor. The condensate circulates bidirectionally in the heat pipe radiator to form a cooling medium circulation pipeline. The condensate flows through the heat absorption end by its own gravity and centrifugal force to absorb the heat inside the rotor and evaporate into gas at the same time. The condensate evaporated into gas returns to the heat dissipation end through the air flow channel inside the heat pipe radiator.

2. The compound refrigeration system of a high gravity centrifuge heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that The liquid cooling device further includes a second cooling medium circulation pipeline thermally coupled with the condensation chamber.

3. The compound refrigeration system of a high gravity centrifuge heat pipe according to claim 1, wherein The supergravity centrifuge heat pipe composite refrigeration system further includes a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is connected to the experimental chamber through a vacuum pipeline to adjust the vacuum degree in the experimental chamber.

4. The compound refrigeration system of a high gravity centrifuge heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that The supergravity centrifuge heat pipe composite refrigeration system further includes a cold storage tank communicated with the first cooling medium circulation pipeline for storing the cooling medium generated by the refrigeration source.

5. The compound refrigeration system of a high gravity centrifuge heat pipe according to claim 1, wherein The first cooling medium circulation pipeline passes through the side wall of the experimental chamber.

Images