A general-purpose waste heat exchanger

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of waste heat utilization technology for stoves, specifically relating to a universal waste heat exchanger. The invention includes a hot water tank and, sequentially arranged along the flue gas path, an inlet pipe, a heat exchange jacket, a heat exchange coil, and a waste gas discharge pipe. The heat exchange jacket is located within the cavity of the hot water tank, and the inlet pipe penetrates the hot water tank and connects to the inlet of the heat exchange jacket. The heat exchange jacket and the heat exchange coil are coaxially arranged, and the outlet of the heat exchange jacket connects to the inlet of the heat exchange coil. The outlet of the heat exchange coil connects to the waste gas discharge pipe. This invention can maximize the efficient utilization of waste heat within the stove while meeting the normal heating requirements of the stove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of waste heat utilization technology for stoves, and specifically relates to a general-purpose waste heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] There are many different structural shapes of stoves, mainly differing in their gas appliance design, all aimed at improving gas utilization and increasing work efficiency. Because stoves produce very strong flames and high-temperature exhaust gases, ordinary stoves directly exhaust these gases through the furnace vent, wasting heat energy and creating a harsh working environment. Later, some people began adding waste heat recovery devices to stoves, mostly crudely installed water-cooled coils at the furnace vent to heat cold water within the coils and gradually quench it before it's drawn out. This design solved the waste heat recovery problem. However, on the one hand, traditional waste heat recovery devices are too independent; the extracted hot water is often directly transported to other parts of the kitchen, with low integration with the stove's structure. On the other hand, theoretically, the more extra heat is utilized while the furnace is operating normally, beyond meeting the stove's normal heating needs, the higher the waste heat recovery efficiency will be. Traditional waste heat recovery stoves only focus on arranging water jackets or water rings in the exhaust area to achieve "air-encased water" heating, which often results in low heating efficiency. The question of whether a new, simple-to-construct and easy-to-use waste heat recovery system can be developed to maximize the efficient utilization of waste heat within the stove while meeting its normal heating requirements has been a pressing technical challenge in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a universal waste heat exchanger that can maximize the efficient utilization of waste heat in the stove while meeting the normal heating requirements of the stove.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A general-purpose waste heat exchanger is characterized by comprising a heat exchange tank and an inlet pipe, a heat exchange jacket, a heat exchange coil, and an exhaust pipe arranged sequentially along the flue gas travel path; the heat exchange jacket is located inside the cavity of the heat exchange tank, the inlet pipe passes through the heat exchange tank and connects to the inlet of the heat exchange jacket; the heat exchange jacket and the heat exchange coil are arranged coaxially, and the outlet of the heat exchange jacket connects to the inlet of the heat exchange coil; the outlet of the heat exchange coil connects to the exhaust pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the heat exchange jacket is shaped like an upward-opening cup, and a through hole with a diameter smaller than the opening diameter of the cup is provided at the bottom of the heat exchange jacket, so that the top opening of the cup and the through hole at the bottom of the heat exchange jacket together form a through-shaped guide cavity for the circulation of water in the heat exchange tank.

[0007] Preferably, a smoke collection box is arranged on the outer wall of the top of the heat exchange jacket, and the cavity of the smoke collection box is connected to the sleeve cavity of the heat exchange jacket. The smoke collection box constitutes the outlet of the heat exchange jacket.

[0008] Preferably, the outer wall of the hot water exchange tank is a two-section stepped shaft shape with a thicker upper section and a thinner lower section. The heat exchange coil is coaxially wound inside the tank cavity where the large-diameter section of the hot water exchange tank is located. A water jacket pipe extends radially from the small-diameter section of the hot water exchange tank and connects to its own tank cavity. The inlet pipe is coaxially arranged inside the water jacket pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the general-purpose waste heat exchanger also includes a steam exhaust pipe that connects to the top outlet of the hot water tank; the exhaust pipe first extends vertically upward through the cavity of the steam exhaust pipe, then horizontally penetrates the wall of the steam exhaust pipe and enters the cavity of the water supply tank located on the side, and then exits the water supply tank to form a waste outlet, and the water supply tank and the water jacket pipe are connected to each other through the water supply pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, a steam box is provided above the hot water exchange tank. The bottom surface of the steam box and the top surface of the hot water exchange tank are connected to each other through a return water pipe and the steam discharge pipe. The steam discharge pipe is used to draw steam out of the hot water exchange tank and into the steam box, and then discharge it to external equipment through the steam outlet of the steam box. The return water pipe is used to return the condensate in the steam box to the hot water exchange tank.

[0011] Preferably, a water vapor separation baffle is provided on the connecting hole through which the top of the steam discharge pipe can pass in the steam box; the water vapor separation baffle is fixed on one side of the connecting hole, and the water vapor separation baffle first extends vertically upward and then extends horizontally to the top of the connecting hole; the steam outlet is located above or behind the water vapor separation baffle.

[0012] Preferably, the general-purpose waste heat exchanger further includes an explosion-proof pipe that runs from bottom to top through the heat exchange water tank and connects to the heat exchange sleeve cavity, with an explosion-proof valve arranged at the explosion-proof pipe; the explosion-proof valve includes a horizontal rotating shaft arranged on one side wall of the explosion-proof pipe opening, with a port sealing plate hinged on the horizontal rotating shaft; one end of the port sealing plate that closes the explosion-proof pipe opening from bottom to top under the hinge action of the horizontal rotating shaft is the closed end, and the other end is the counterweight end, with a counterweight block arranged at the counterweight end of the port sealing plate.

[0013] Preferably, the water replenishment tank is equipped with a level gauge for monitoring the water level inside the tank.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0015] 1) The function designed by this invention is to maximize the utilization of waste heat. Theoretically, the lower the heat of the flue gas discharged from the exhaust pipe to the external environment, the better. Therefore, the heat absorption design of the general waste heat exchanger is crucial. Its heat absorption design is also the fundamental reason why the heat exchange effects produced by different heat exchange components vary greatly.

[0016] In this invention, the traditional, simple, and inefficient "water-in-gas" or "gas-in-water" heat exchange structure is abandoned. Instead, an inlet pipe, heat exchange jacket, heat exchange coil, and exhaust pipe are arranged along the path of the flue gas to form its path. Along this path, the hot water tank and heat exchange coil are arranged sequentially from near to far. This multi-stage "water-in-gas" method, with higher heat exchange efficiency, maximizes the efficient utilization of waste heat within the stove while meeting its normal heating requirements. Ultimately, the water between the heat exchange jacket and the hot water tank is heated to form hot water. After heat absorption through the "water-in-gas" method, the temperature at the exhaust pipe outlet is sufficient to meet actual emission requirements. With this structure, the high-temperature waste heat of the flue gas discharged from the furnace is largely absorbed by the water in the hot water tank, generating hot water or steam. The generated hot water or steam is then led out through the water supply / drainage pipe or steam outlet, effectively improving the waste heat utilization efficiency of existing stoves.

[0017] 2) As a further preferred embodiment of the above solution, the heat exchange jacket can be a conventional hollow tube structure, or a "water-encased air" structure such as a heat sink or coil. In actual operation, the water tank is filled with liquid. This invention preferably adopts a cup-shaped structure with an opening at the bottom, so that when the high-temperature flue gas flows through the heat exchange jacket, it causes a rapid temperature change in the water in the water tank. The heated water, constrained by the heat exchange jacket, can generate a circulation effect around the outer wall of the heat exchange jacket, which can greatly improve the efficiency of water heating. Furthermore, the diameter of the through hole should be smaller than the diameter of the cup opening of the heat exchange jacket. This causes a flow restriction phenomenon when the water flows from bottom to top through the through hole. This makes the cup cavity of the heat exchange jacket form a boiling water structure similar to a pot to a certain extent, with a larger contact area and a heating effect of high-temperature flue gas surrounding and covering the water in the cup structure, thereby further improving the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the insufficient water replenishment from bottom to top through the through hole achieves a small amount of water circulation and flow function. This keeps the water in the cup cavity in a "water-deficient" easy-to-boil state, making it easier to heat the water in the heat exchange tank to the boiling point, with significant results.

[0018] 3) More specifically, a water-coated pipe extends from the hot water tank, further enveloping the flue gas in its "water-coated gas" structure as it exits the furnace wall, thus facilitating heat exchange. Furthermore, even when the water in the hot water tank is boiling, the flue gas, after being cooled sequentially by the heat exchange jacket and heat exchange coils, is further heated by the upward-spraying steam-water mixture inside the vertical exhaust pipe. The flue gas then enters the water supply tank from the vertical section of the exhaust pipe and is reheated by the cold water within, ultimately achieving low-temperature exhaust. The water supply tank's function is to replenish water to the aforementioned tank; after initial heating via the exhaust pipe, it can directly provide hot water.

[0019] In addition, it should be noted that the water outlet path at the water supply tank first enters the water jacket pipe, and then sequentially enters the corresponding heat exchange water tank and even the steam exhaust pipe. That is, the water supply path of the water supply tank forms the passage cooling path of the flue gas from hot to cold, while also ensuring that the hottest flue gas is matched with the water with the lowest relative temperature, thereby ensuring the maximum heat exchange purpose of the heat in the flue gas, with extremely significant effect.

[0020] 4) When the hot water exchange tank is used alone, this invention provides water heating functionality using waste heat, thus supplying the corresponding hot water. With the addition of a steam exhaust pipe and a steam tank, this invention also enables additional steam collection. When the steam tank is used, it ensures that steam can be discharged to external equipment through the steam outlet, and that steam-water separation is ensured through the return water pipe and the water-vapor separation baffle. The separated hot water flows back into the hot water exchange tank through the return water pipe.

[0021] 5) The explosion-proof valve can form a seesaw-like balanced torque system at the explosion-proof pipe opening. When the stove is not in use or under normal combustion conditions, the resistance torque generated by the counterweight end of the port seal plate will keep the port seal plate closed. However, when a deflagration occurs in the furnace wall, the sudden increase in flue gas pressure will be transmitted to the heat exchange tank and force open the port seal plate, thereby releasing the high pressure instantly through the "green channel" to provide safety protection. After the pressure relief ends, the port seal plate closes, thus achieving the explosion-proof function. Another application of this design is for sewage discharge: when the flue gas temperature in the heat exchange jacket is lower than its dew point temperature, condensation will occur. Since the flue gas also contains a small amount of acidic substances, such as NO... x The condensate contains CO2, etc., therefore it is weakly acidic. This invention is designed to allow acidic condensate to slide down to the port sealing plate due to gravity. A small amount of water will leak out from the gap between the port and the sealing plate. When there is more condensate, it will accumulate in the vertical pipe at the top of the port. When it reaches a sufficient height, the pressure will generate a torque that is sufficient to overcome the resistance torque of the torque system and push open the sealing plate, thereby achieving the function of sewage discharge. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hot water type embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a steam-type embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is an assembly state diagram of a steam-type embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The actual correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in this invention is as follows:

[0026] 10-Heat Reflector

[0027] 11-Conical plate 11a-Smoke inlet 12-Bottom of the plate 12a-Smoke outlet 13-Smoke exhaust pipe

[0028] 20-Frame; 30-Furnace wall; 40-Heat exchange winding; 50-Furnace ring

[0029] 61-Water supply tank; 62a-Inlet pipe; 62b-Heat exchange jacket; 62c-Heat exchange coil

[0030] 62d - Exhaust gas discharge pipe; 62e - Exhaust outlet; 62f - Smoke collection box; 62g - Through hole

[0031] 63-Replace hot water tank 63a-Water jacket pipe

[0032] 64-Steam exhaust pipe; 65-Steam box; 65a-Water vapor separation baffle; 65b-Steam outlet

[0033] 66-Return water pipe; 67-Replenishment water pipe

[0034] 68-Explosion-proof valve; 68a-Horizontal rotating shaft; 68b-Port sealing plate; 68c-Counterweight block Detailed Implementation

[0035] For ease of understanding, this section combines... Figure 1-5 The specific structure and operation of the present invention are further described below:

[0036] Depending on the specific application, this invention may have the following variations: Figure 1-2 The hot water type heat exchanger shown and such Figure 3-4The diagram illustrates two specific implementation categories of steam-type heat exchangers. As the names suggest, hot water heat exchangers are designed to convert waste heat into hot water, while steam-type heat exchangers further convert waste heat into steam. Compared to hot water heat exchangers, steam-type heat exchangers include additional features such as a steam exhaust pipe 64, a return water pipe 66, and even a water-vapor separation baffle 65a. Due to their more complex structure, the actual application structure of this invention is described below using a steam-type heat exchanger as an example:

[0037] The specific embodiment of the steam-type heat exchanger of the present invention is shown in the structural reference. Figure 3-5 As shown, its main structure is formed by the combination of a furnace wall 30 with a heat reflector and a steam-type heat exchanger mounted on a frame 20 behind the furnace wall 30. Wherein:

[0038] The furnace wall 30 of the present invention is arranged as follows: Figure 5 The furnace ring 50, heat exchange winding 40, and heat reflector 10 are installed on the frame 20 and inside the furnace wall 30. All three components are made of high-temperature resistant metal. The furnace ring 50 is hollow and circulates water for heat exchange. It is installed above the furnace wall 30 and fixed to the furnace flask by welding or bolting. When the cookware is placed on the furnace ring 50, it, along with the heat reflector 10 and the burner head, forms a relatively enclosed high-temperature combustion zone cavity. Figure 3-4 As shown, the heat exchange winding 40 is made of heat-resistant metal tubes with small inter-turn spacing and is bound by metal strips. It is internally heated by water and placed inside the furnace wall 30. Its outer edge is close to the metal furnace wall 30 and filled with heat-resistant insulation material.

[0039] Heat reflector 10 is as follows Figure 5 The main plate shown is formed by the combination of a conical plate 11 and a plate bottom 12. More specifically, the heat reflector plate 10 is similar to a concave structure. The concave heat reflector surface, i.e., the conical plate 11, is an inverted right circular cone or oblique circular cone. The upper part of the conical plate 11 overlaps with the opening of the furnace wall 30, and the lower part of the conical plate 11 is nested in the upper part of the burner head. During operation, the heat reflector plate 10, the burner head, the furnace ring 50, and the cookware form a relatively sealed combustion zone cavity. Several smoke inlets 11a are also provided on the conical plate 11 to allow hot flue gas to pass through. The upper edge of the heat reflector plate 10 overlaps with or is close to the inner circle of the furnace ring 50. For the front-low and rear-high furnace design of the Cantonese commercial wok stove, to prevent the burner head from being unevenly lit, the conical plate 11 can be designed as an oblique cone with a steep front half and a gentle rear half, or it can be designed as a similar concave surface by casting. The specific dimensions depend on the different furnace wall 30 structures. A large exhaust port 12a is opened on the bottom surface of the heat reflector plate 12 to extend outward to form an exhaust pipe 13, which is used to guide the high-temperature flue gas into the corresponding structure at the rear of the stove.

[0040] Therefore, the aforementioned furnace design ensures that when the cookware is placed flat on the furnace ring 50, the flame generated by combustion at the burner head propagates upwards along the center of the cookware bottom, achieving a uniform and even heat distribution. This design effectively reduces the space of the cavity in the high-temperature combustion zone of the furnace wall 30, reducing heat loss. Simultaneously, after the concave reflector surface, i.e., the cone plate 11, is heated to red-hot, it better reflects heat to the lower part of the cookware in the form of infrared rays. When hot flue gas enters the annular flue within the heat reflector plate 10 through the flue inlet 11a on the cone plate 11 from the cavity in the high-temperature combustion zone, it heats the bottom 12 of the plate and the cone plate 11. The heat from the heated components is transferred to the heat exchange winding 40 through thermal radiation. A certain thickness of high-temperature resistant insulation material is laid on top of the bottom plate of the furnace wall 30, and the heat reflector plate 10 is placed on this insulation material. Because the combustion chamber wall 30 is a small, enclosed space, it helps to significantly reduce heat loss from the furnace wall 30 while ensuring high thermal efficiency in heating cookware. Furthermore, the utilization of waste heat in the high-temperature zone of the stove achieves even higher heat exchange efficiency. The heat exchange design of the heat exchange winding 40 and the furnace ring 50 effectively reduces the surface temperature of the furnace bladder and, while achieving higher waste heat utilization efficiency, reduces heat emission from the furnace bladder, effectively extending the service life of the stove equipment and preventing chefs from being burned by the high-temperature furnace bladder. Compared to traditional stoves that require prolonged water saturation to cool the furnace bladder during operation (typically consuming 0.3 to 0.5 tons of water per hour), the design of this invention avoids wasting a large amount of water. The independent heat reflector combined with the heat exchange winding 40 effectively avoids the difficulty of repairing a burned-out furnace wall 30, and the replacement of the heat reflector 10 is also more convenient.

[0041] Furthermore, the steam-type heat exchanger of the present invention comprises a heat exchange assembly, a steam box 65, and a water supply tank 61. The heat exchange assembly includes an internal flue gas chamber and an external water chamber made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant metal material. The internal flue gas chamber includes an inlet pipe 62a, a heat exchange jacket 62b, a heat exchange coil 62c, and a waste gas discharge pipe 62d; as shown... Figure 5 As shown, the inlet pipe 62a is connected to the exhaust pipe 13 at the heat reflector to receive high-temperature flue gas. To increase the heat exchange surface area, the heat exchange jacket 62b can be formed into a long, downward-extending cylindrical water cup structure. The bottom of this cylindrical water cup structure is at the bottom, close to the bottom of the heat exchange tank 63. The upper edge of the cup opening is fixed to the top plate of the heat exchange tank 63 by a fastener. The water inside the cup is connected to the water in the external water cavity. A through hole 62g is arranged through the bottom of the cup. The external water cavity includes a water jacket pipe 63a, the heat exchange tank 63, and a steam exhaust pipe 64, etc.

[0042] At work, such as Figure 3-5As shown, high-temperature flue gas enters the furnace through the exhaust port 12a and inlet pipe 62a into the heat exchange jacket 62b. The heat carried by the high-temperature flue gas first exchanges heat with the water in the water jacket pipe 63a. The pre-cooled flue gas enters the lower part of the heat exchange tank 63. As it flows through the gap formed by the heat exchange tank 63 and the cylindrical cup-shaped heat exchange jacket 62b, it exchanges heat with the water outside the heat exchange tank 63 and inside the heat exchange jacket 62b. The further cooled flue gas then enters the heat exchange coil 62c. The heat exchange coil 62c is a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant metal coil with multiple multi-turn spiral structures. Its inlet is installed on the small flue gas collection platform that protrudes outward in the middle of the heat exchange tank 63, and its outlet is installed on the side wall of the flue gas collection box 62f located above the heat exchange tank 63. The flue gas collection box 62f is a flat, hollow structure, and the water level of the entire heat exchange tank is slightly higher than that of the flue gas collection box 62f. The upper part of the smoke collection box 62f has the first vertical section of the exhaust gas discharge pipe 62d. The exhaust gas discharge pipe 62d passes through the top plate of the hot water exchange tank 63 and enters the steam discharge pipe 64. Low-temperature flue gas flows from the smoke collection box 62f into the steam discharge pipe 64, and at a certain height, flows laterally into the horizontal section of the exhaust gas discharge pipe 62d installed in the water supply tank 61. The inlet of the water supply tank 61 is connected to the tap water supply, and the outlet is connected to the water jacket pipe 63a through the water supply pipe 67.

[0043] The water supply tank 61 consists of a level gauge for controlling the water level and the water inlet, and a second vertical pipe section of the exhaust gas discharge pipe 62d within the water supply tank 61. A metal float at the level gauge controls the final water level of the equipment. The exhaust gas discharge pipe 62d, located within the water supply tank 61, is a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant thin-walled metal pipe or a thin-walled metal tube bundle. After the flue gas enters the exhaust gas discharge pipe 62d within the water supply tank 61, it further exchanges heat with the low-temperature tap water within the water supply tank 61, and is finally discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust port 62e.

[0044] The upper end of the steam discharge pipe 64 is connected to the steam box 65, which includes a water-vapor separation baffle 65a, a return water pipe 66, and a steam outlet 65b. The steam-water mixture generated in the external water chamber is ejected upwards into the steam box 65 through the gap between the steam discharge pipe 64 and the exhaust gas discharge pipe 62d. The ejected steam-water mixture is blocked by the water-vapor separation baffle 65a. The water-vapor separation baffle 65a is arranged in an inverted "L" shape, with its upper transverse section located directly above the steam discharge pipe 64, and its projected size is larger than the diameter of the steam discharge pipe 64. After the steam-water mixture impacts the water-vapor separation baffle 65a, the kinetic energy of the water is reduced, causing it to rebound and fall, flowing into the return water pipe 66 installed in the steam box 65 away from the steam outlet 65b. Figure 5 As can be seen, the return water pipe 66 is connected to the lower part of the steam box 65 at the top and to the hot water exchange tank 63 at the bottom. The top of the steam box 65 is equipped with a steam outlet 65b, a pressure relief valve, and a pressure gauge.

[0045] Furthermore, the present invention also includes, as follows Figure 3 The diagram shows an explosion-proof pipe, or drain outlet, equipped with an explosion-proof valve. The specific principle is as follows: a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant metal pipe passes through the bottom surface of the heat exchange tank 63 and the bottom surface of the heat exchange jacket 62b, extending into the external atmosphere. A horizontal rotating shaft 68a, a port sealing plate 68b, and a counterweight 68c are fixedly installed on one side of the pipe. The horizontal rotating shaft 68a allows the counterweight 68c and the port sealing plate 68b to work together to form a seesaw-like balanced torque system. When the stove is not in use or under normal combustion conditions, the resistance torque generated by the counterweight of the port sealing plate 68b keeps it closed. However, when a deflagration occurs in the furnace wall 30, the suddenly increased flue gas pressure is transmitted to the heat exchange tank 63 and forces open the port sealing plate 68b, thus achieving pressure relief. After pressure relief, the port sealing plate 68b closes, thus providing explosion protection. Another purpose of this design is for wastewater discharge: when the flue gas temperature in heat exchanger 62b is lower than its dew point temperature, condensation will occur. This is because the flue gas also contains small amounts of acidic substances, such as NO. x The condensate contains CO2, etc., therefore it is weakly acidic. This invention is designed to allow the acidic condensate to slide down to the port sealing plate 68b due to gravity. A small amount of water will leak out from the gap between the port and the sealing plate 68b. When there is a large amount of condensate, it will accumulate in the vertical pipe at the upper end of the port. When it reaches a sufficient height, the pressure will generate a torque sufficient to overcome the resistance torque of the torque system and push open the sealing plate 68b, thereby achieving the function of drainage.

[0046] Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0047] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0048] The technologies, shapes, and structures not described in detail in this invention are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A general-purpose waste heat exchanger, characterized by: The heat exchanger comprises a heat exchange water tank (63) and an inlet pipe (62a), a heat exchange sleeve (62b), a heat exchange coil (62c) and a waste gas discharge pipe (62d) arranged in sequence along the path of the flue gas; the heat exchange sleeve (62b) is located in the cavity of the heat exchange water tank (63), the inlet pipe (62a) penetrates the heat exchange water tank (63) and communicates with the inlet of the heat exchange sleeve (62b); the heat exchange sleeve (62b) is coaxially arranged with the heat exchange coil (62c), and the outlet of the heat exchange sleeve (62b) communicates with the inlet of the heat exchange coil (62c); the outlet of the heat exchange coil (62c) communicates with the waste gas discharge pipe (62d); The heat exchange sleeve (62b) is in the shape of a cup with the opening facing upward, and a through hole (62g) with a smaller diameter than the diameter of the opening of the heat exchange sleeve (62b) is formed in the bottom of the heat exchange sleeve (62b), so that the top opening of the heat exchange sleeve (62b) and the through hole (62g) in the bottom are combined to form a through flow guide cavity for the circulation of water in the heat exchange water tank (63). A smoke collecting box (62f) is arranged at the top end of the outer wall of the heat exchange sleeve (62b), and the box cavity of the smoke collecting box (62f) communicates with the sleeve cavity of the heat exchange sleeve (62b), and the smoke collecting box (62f) constitutes the outlet of the heat exchange sleeve (62b).

2. A general-purpose waste heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the heat exchange water tank (63) is in the shape of a two-section stepped shaft with a large diameter at the top and a small diameter at the bottom, the heat exchange coil (62c) is coaxially wound in the cavity of the large diameter section of the heat exchange water tank (63), and the water bag pipe (63a) extending radially from the small diameter section of the heat exchange water tank (63) communicates with the cavity of the heat exchange water tank (63), and the inlet pipe (62a) is coaxially arranged in the water bag pipe (63a).

3. A general-purpose waste heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The universal waste heat exchanger further comprises a steam discharge pipe (64) communicating with the top outlet of the heat exchange water tank (63); the waste gas discharge pipe (62d) first extends vertically upward through the pipe cavity of the steam discharge pipe (64) coaxially, then penetrates the pipe wall of the steam discharge pipe (64) horizontally and enters the cavity of the water supply tank (61) located on the side, then penetrates out of the water supply tank (61) and forms a waste gas discharge port (62e), and the water supply tank (61) and the water bag pipe (63a) are communicated with each other through a water supply pipeline (67).

4. A general-purpose waste heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: A steam tank (65) is arranged above the heat exchange water tank (63), and the bottom surface of the steam tank (65) and the top surface of the heat exchange water tank (63) are communicated with each other through a return water pipe (66) and the steam discharge pipe (64), the steam discharge pipe (64) is used to guide the steam out of the heat exchange water tank (63) and into the steam tank (65), and then the steam is discharged to an external device through the steam outlet of the steam tank (65), and the return water pipe (66) is used to return the condensed water in the steam tank (65) to the heat exchange water tank (63).

5. A general-purpose waste heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: A water vapor separation baffle (65a) is arranged on the communication hole in the steam tank (65) for the top end of the steam discharge pipe (64) to penetrate, the water vapor separation baffle (65a) is fixed on one side of the communication hole, and the water vapor separation baffle (65a) first extends vertically upward and then extends horizontally above the communication hole, and the steam outlet (65b) is located above or behind the water vapor separation baffle (65a).

6. A general-purpose waste heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The general-purpose waste heat exchanger further comprises an anti-explosion pipe communicated to the sleeve cavity of the heat exchange sleeve (62b) from the bottom to the top of the heat exchange water tank (63), and an anti-explosion valve (68) is arranged at the anti-explosion pipe; the anti-explosion valve (68) comprises a horizontal rotating shaft (68a) arranged at one side wall of the anti-explosion pipe, and a port sealing plate (68b) is hinged to the horizontal rotating shaft (68a); one end of the anti-explosion pipe is closed by the port sealing plate (68b) from the bottom to the top under the hinging action of the horizontal rotating shaft, and the other end is a counterweight end, and a counterweight block (68c) is arranged at the counterweight end of the port sealing plate (68b).

7. A general-purpose waste heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: A liquid level meter for monitoring the water quantity in the water tank is arranged in the water supplement tank (61).

Images