Opening and closing mechanism and vehicle having the same

Abstract

The present application discloses an opening and closing mechanism, including an installation frame and a substrate disposed on the installation frame; a support arm rotatably disposed on the substrate, with a locking portion provided thereon; a diversion cover installed on the support arm, which can be closed and opened as the support arm rotates; a locking device, the first end of which is rotatably disposed on the substrate, and the second end is provided with a locking member, which can be in contact with the support arm vertically and can contact the locking portion; a limit stop, which can block the closing and opening of the diversion cover; an elastic member, which can enable the opening and closing mechanism to be in a self-locking state in the closed state or the open state through the combined action with the locking device, the first rotating member and the limit stop.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to an opening and closing mechanism and a vehicle having the opening and closing mechanism, belonging to the mechanical field. Background Art

[0002] As the skeleton and driving mechanism of the front-end fairing of a rail vehicle, the front-end opening and closing mechanism of a train keeps the fairing in a closed state during train operation, forming a complete train aerodynamic shape, reducing wind resistance and wind noise, and at the same time preventing components such as couplers inside from being damaged by rain and snow. When multiple trains need to run in multiple units, the front-end opening and closing mechanism of the train can keep the fairing in an open position so that the coupler can be fully and unobstructedly coupled, and can adapt to the influence brought by the swing angle of the coupler when running on different curve radii.

[0003] To ensure that the front-end opening and closing mechanism can stay in a fixed position after being fully opened or closed and prevent the fairing from moving under the action of wind pressure and other external loads, the front-end opening and closing mechanism needs to have a locking function. Currently, pin-type locking devices are widely used in the front-end opening and closing mechanism of trains. After the fairing is closed or opened in place, the locking device restricts the movement of the moving mechanism through a pin structure. However, there will inevitably be a gap between the pin structure and the moving mechanism. Under the action of wind pressure and other external loads, the hatch is extremely prone to vibration, which has an adverse impact on the safe operation of the train. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an opening and closing mechanism that can achieve a stable self-locking state after the fairing is closed or opened in place.

[0005] The first embodiment of the present application provides an opening and closing mechanism, including:

[0006] An installation frame and a base plate arranged on the installation frame;

[0007] A support arm rotatably arranged on the base plate; a locking portion is arranged on the support arm, including a closing locking portion and an opening locking portion; components that can move together with the support arm are collectively referred to as first rotating components;

[0008] A fairing installed on the support arm, which can be closed and opened as the support arm rotates;

[0009] A locking device, the first end of which is rotatably arranged on the base plate, and the second end is provided with a locking member; the locking member can be in contact with the support arm vertically, and can respectively contact the closing locking portion to achieve closing self-locking and contact the opening locking portion to achieve opening self-locking;

[0010] A limit stop, which includes a closing limit stop and an opening limit stop, and can respectively contact the first rotating component to block the closing and opening of the fairing;

[0011] The elastic component, by cooperating with the locking device, the first rotating component and the limit stop, can make the opening and closing mechanism in a self-locking state in the closed state or the open state.

[0012] Optionally, the opening and closing mechanism is configured so that when the locking device is perpendicular to the support arm, there is still a margin L between the locking member and the locking portion, and the locking member can continue to move toward the locking portion to be mechanically limited by the locking portion.

[0013] Optionally, the opening and closing mechanism is configured so that when the locking piece of the locking device is located in the locking portion, the elastic component is still in a compressed state; or, so that the locking device and the support arm can contact each other when they are not yet vertical, thereby generating resistance due to the setting of the elastic component, and when vertical, the resistance force is maximum.

[0014] Optionally, the first end of the locking device is rotatably arranged on the base plate, the second end thereof is provided with a closing locking piece, and the third end thereof is provided with an opening locking piece; wherein the closing locking piece can act with the closing locking portion to achieve closed self-locking, and the opening locking piece can act with the opening locking portion to achieve open self-locking; preferably, the closing locking portion and the opening locking portion are located on different sides and directions of the support arm.

[0015] Optionally, the locking device and the support arm are arranged independently of each other and mainly contact each other when locking.

[0016] Optionally, a locking member is provided between the locking device and the base plate.

[0017] Optionally, the support arm is curved, a first end of which is rotatably disposed on the base plate, and a second end of which is rotatably disposed on the mounting frame.

[0018] Optionally, the support arm may be provided with a first gap to provide a passage space for a locking member of the locking device. The support arm may be provided with a second gap to provide a passage space for an unlocking locking member of the locking device.

[0019] Optionally, the elastic member is selected from a first elastic member, a second elastic member, a third elastic member and a fourth elastic member, or a combination of more than one thereof; wherein,

[0020] Optionally, the limit stop has the first elastic component. Further optionally, the first elastic component is located at the contact point between the limit stop and the first rotating component.

[0021] Optionally, the first rotating member or the support arm has the second elastic member. Further optionally, the second elastic member is located at the contact between the support arm and the limit stop, and / or the second elastic member is located at the contact between the support arm and the locking device. Optionally, the second elastic member includes an elastic protrusion that is squeezed when the locking device is substantially perpendicular to the support arm. Optionally, the second elastic member extends into the locking portion.

[0022] Optionally, the locking device has the third elastic member. Further optionally, the third elastic member is disposed on the locking member. Still further optionally, the third elastic member is an elastic roller sleeved on the locking member.

[0023] Optionally, the fourth elastic member is always in a compressed state, with its first end connected to the substrate and its second end connected to the locking device. Further optionally, the fourth elastic member is a gas spring, with one end hinged to the substrate and the other end hinged to the locking device.

[0024] The second embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle having the opening and closing mechanism described in any one of the foregoing technical solutions. Optionally, the vehicle has two symmetrically arranged opening and closing mechanisms. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the closing self-locking of the opening and closing mechanism of one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of

[0027] Figure 3 is a top view of the closing self-locking of the opening and closing mechanism of one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 4 is a top view of the closing of the opening and closing mechanism of one embodiment;

[0029] Figure 5 is a closing unlocking view of the opening and closing mechanism of one embodiment;

[0030] Figure 6 is an opening unlocking view of the opening and closing mechanism of one embodiment;

[0031] Figure 7 is a top view of the opening of the opening and closing mechanism of one embodiment;

[0032] Figure 8 is a top view of the opening self-locking of the opening and closing mechanism of one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional view of the opening self-locking of the opening and closing mechanism of one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 10 Is a perspective view of a locking device of an embodiment;

[0035] Figure 11 Is a bottom perspective view of a locking device of an embodiment;

[0036] Figure 12 Is a perspective view of a locking device of an embodiment;

[0037] Figure 13 Is a top view of the closed self-locking state of an opening and closing mechanism of an embodiment;

[0038] Figure 14 Is related to Figure 13 The corresponding top view of the closed state of the opening and closing mechanism;

[0039] Figure 15 Is related to Figure 13 The corresponding top view of the open self-locking state of the opening and closing mechanism;

[0040] Figure 16 Is related to Figure 15 The corresponding partial perspective view of the opening and closing mechanism;

[0041] Figure 17 Is a perspective view of a limit stop of an embodiment;

[0042] Figure 18 Is a view of an opening and closing mechanism with a second elastic member of an embodiment;

[0043] Figure 19 Is a view of an opening and closing mechanism with a second elastic member of an embodiment;

[0044] Figure 20 Is a view of an opening and closing mechanism with a third elastic member of an embodiment;

[0045] Figure 21 Is an unlocking view of an opening and closing mechanism with a fourth elastic member of an embodiment;

[0046] Figure 22 Is related to Figure 21 The corresponding closed self-locking view of the opening and closing mechanism;

[0047] Figure 23 Is related to Figure 22 The corresponding partial perspective view of the opening and closing mechanism. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] The technical solutions of the present application will be elaborated in detail below in combination with specific implementation manners. However, it should be understood that, without further description, the elements, structures, and features in one implementation manner can also be beneficially combined into other implementation manners.

[0049] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms indicating the orientation or positional relationship in this embodiment are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0050] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] The described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application. Without departing from the design spirit of the present application, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present application shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present application.

[0052] As Figure 1-9 shown, the first embodiment of the present application provides an opening and closing mechanism (two sets of opening and closing mechanisms are shown in the figure), which includes a mounting frame 1 and a substrate 2 provided on the mounting frame 1. The opening and closing mechanism can be mounted on other objects (such as a train) through the mounting frame 1. The mounting frame 1 and the substrate 2 can also be an integral structure.

[0053] The opening and closing mechanism further includes a support arm 3, and a fairing 4 can be fixedly mounted on the support arm 3. The first end 301 of the support arm is rotatably provided on the substrate 2 (for example, rotating around an axis), so that the support arm 3 can rotate. For example, the support arm can be pushed to rotate by manual force, or a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder can be used to push the support arm to rotate. Since the fairing 4 is mounted on the support arm 3, the fairing 4 can be opened or closed. The components that can rotate together with the support arm 3, such as the support arm, the fairing or the connecting part, etc., can be collectively referred to as the first rotating part 5.

[0054] Optionally, it can also be as Figure 1 and Figure 9 shown, the support arm 3 is curved, can be approximately semi-circular, the first end 301 of the support arm is rotatably provided on the substrate 2, and its second end 302 is rotatably provided on the mounting frame 1, and the fairing 4 is provided on the curved arm. Through the rotational settings at both ends of the support arm, the entire support arm is made stronger, and the support arm can be rotated by rotating either of the two ends, thereby improving the operation flexibility.

[0055] As Figure 2 shown, a locking portion 6 is further provided on the support arm 3, including a closing locking portion 601 and an opening locking portion 602. Each locking portion has a blocking member 603.

[0056] The opening and closing mechanism further includes a locking device 7. The first end 701 of the locking device is rotatably provided on the substrate 2 (for example, rotating around the axis 704), and its second end 702 has a locking member 8. The locking member 8 can interact with the closing locking portion 601 and the opening locking portion 602 respectively to lock the opening and closing states of the opening and closing mechanism. The locking portion 6 can receive the locking member 8, and the blocking member 603 of the locking portion can block the locking member 8 from continuing to rotate after self-locking; or after self-locking, the two can abut against each other. As Figure 2 shown, the closing locking portion 601 and the opening locking portion 602 are respectively located on the opposite sides and in the same direction of the support arm 3; that is, as Figure 2 shown, the closing locking portion 601 is located on the outer side of the support arm, and the opening locking portion 602 is located on the inner side of the support arm, but both are close to the direction of the fairing 4. To prevent the locking device 7 from obstructing the rotation of the support arm 3 between the open position and the closed position, a first gap 303 can be further provided on the support arm 3, and the first gap 303 provides a passing space for the locking device 7 (as Figure 9 shown). Or, if the locking device 7 can be rotated to an angle where it does not obstruct the movement of the support arm 3, the first gap 303 can also not be provided. For example, the locking member 8 of the locking device is rotated outside the substrate 2.

[0057] Or alternatively, as Figure 12-16 shown, the first end 701 of the locking device is rotatably provided on the substrate 2 (for example, rotating around the axis 704), its second end 702 has a closing locking member 801, and its third end 703 has an opening locking member 802. Among them, the closing locking member 801 can interact with the closing locking portion 601 to lock the closing state of the opening and closing mechanism (as Figure 13 ); the opening locking member 802 can interact with the opening locking portion 602 to lock the opening state of the opening and closing mechanism (as Figure 15 and Figure 16 ). Preferably, the closing locking portion 601 and the opening locking portion 602 are located on the opposite sides and in different directions of the support arm 3; that is, as Figure 16 shown, the closing locking portion 601 is located on the inner side of the support arm, close to the fairing 4, while the opening locking portion 602 is located on the outer side of the support arm, away from the fairing 4 relative to the closing locking portion 601. Optionally, a second gap 304 for the opening locking member 802 to pass through is provided on the support arm 3.

[0058] By setting two locking members 801 and 802, the functions of closing lock and opening lock can be completed separately by the two locking members, without the need for one locking member to cover the whole process. When manual control is adopted, setting one or two locking members doesn't have much impact, unless the opening and closing distances are particularly long. In that case, setting two nearby locking members for locking is more convenient. However, for automatic control, setting two locking members is more convenient for control. As Figure 13-15 shown, the locking device 7 can have only two working conditions, Figure 13 and Figure 15 the locking working conditions shown, and Figure 14 the unlocking working condition shown. Among them, Figure 13 and Figure 15 the closing lock and opening lock shown respectively are at the same control position for the locking device 7, and the control method is simple (rotate counterclockwise when unlocking and clockwise when locking), which is convenient for automatic control.

[0059] In the closed or open state, when the locking device 7 is perpendicular to the support arm 3, there is still a clearance L between the locking member 8 and the locking part 6 (as Figure 4 shown), to provide a self-locking condition. Therefore, after they reach the perpendicular position, the locking member 8 can still move towards the locking part 6 and can continue to rotate beyond the perpendicular position by a certain angle until it is mechanically limited by the locking part 6, so as to abut against the locking part 6 and achieve self-locking.

[0060] The rotation of the locking device 7 and the support arm 3 can be driven manually, or a pushing cylinder or other equipment that can drive the rotation of the device can be added. The control method can be manual command, or an electric control system can complete the operating conditions through programming. The locking device and the support arm can be set independently of each other and mainly contact each other when locking. Through such independent setting and operation, on the one hand, it can make the separate positioning and relative positioning of the two more convenient and accurate, and on the other hand, it can make the operation and maintenance of the two more convenient, flexible and better controllable.

[0061] Optionally, as Figure 11 and Figure 23As shown, an engaging member 9 is provided between the locking device 7 and the substrate 2, which can limit the locking device on the substrate and prevent the operation of the support arm from being affected. As a non-limiting implementation, the engaging member 9 includes a receiving portion 901 with a recess provided on the locking device 7 and a protrusion 902 provided on the substrate; the protrusion 902 can be an elastic structure, and the edge of the recess of the receiving portion 901 has a chamfer, so as to guide the elastic protrusion 902 into or out of the recess of the receiving portion. When the locking device is in the unlocked state, rotate the locking device so that the protrusion enters the recess to keep the locking device in the unlocked state; when locking is required, rotate the locking device so that the receiving portion leaves the protrusion. It can be understood that the positions of the receiving portion and the protrusion can be interchanged, that is, the receiving portion can be provided on the substrate and the protrusion can be provided on the locking device; moreover, the structure of the engaging member is not limited to the above structure, and other conventional engaging structures are also possible.

[0062] As Figure 1-2 and Figure 9 shown, the opening and closing mechanism further includes a limit stop 10, which is divided into a closing limit stop 1001 and an opening limit stop 1002; the closing limit stop 1001 can abut against the first rotating member 5 (such as components like the support arm 3 or the deflector 4), and is used to prevent the deflector 4 from continuing to close after reaching the set closing position, so as to avoid damaging the deflector 4; the opening limit stop 1002 can also abut against the first rotating member 5 and is used to prevent the deflector 4 from continuing to open after reaching the set opening position. The limit stop 10 can be fixedly provided on the substrate 2.

[0063] When in the open or closed state, the corresponding limit stop 10 and the locking member 8 of the locking device are respectively located on different sides of the support arm 3 to limit the support arm 3.

[0064] The opening and closing mechanism further has an elastic member 11, which can cooperate with the locking device 7, the support arm 3 and the limit stop 10 to make the opening and closing mechanism self-lock in the closed state or the open state, thereby increasing the stability of the opening and closing mechanism. Among them, when the locking device 7 is perpendicular to the support arm 3, at least the elastic member 11 deforms; that is, deformation may also occur when the two have not reached the perpendicular state. Preferably, when the locking member 8 of the locking device is located at the locking portion 6, the elastic member 11 is still in a compressed state, so as to provide a buffering force to reduce the vibration of the opening and closing mechanism. Specifically, the elastic member 11 can be implemented by at least the following four embodiments:

[0065] Embodiment 1:

[0066] As Figure 17As shown, the elastic member 11 (the first elastic member 1101) is disposed on the limit stop 10; at least when the locking device 7 is substantially perpendicular to the support arm 3, the first elastic member 1101 is compressed.

[0067] Preferably, the first elastic member 1101 can be disposed at the contact position between the limit stop 10 and the first rotating member 5 or the support arm 3, and it has elasticity; for example, the elasticity can be achieved by using the spring principle, or it can be prepared from elastic materials such as rubber and the like.

[0068] Taking Embodiment 1 as an example, the working process and working principle of the opening and closing mechanism will be described. The steps in which the opening and closing mechanism changes from the closed state to the open state are shown in sequence according to Figure 3-8 When the steps are reversed (i.e., from Figure 8 - Figure 3 ), it is the process in which the opening and closing mechanism changes from the open state to the closed state; among them, there are two opening and closing mechanisms on the left and right in the figure, and here the opening and closing mechanism on the right will be taken as an example for description.

[0069] (1) Opening process:

[0070] In Figure 3 and Figure 8 , the opening and closing mechanism is in the closed and open self-locking states respectively. In some embodiments, the first elastic member 1101 is in a compressed state; in Figure 4 and Figure 7 , the locking device 7 is perpendicular to the support arm 3, and the first elastic member 1101 is in a compressed state. When starting to open, the locking device 7 is pushed (either manually or mechanically) away from the closing locking portion 601 and rotates counterclockwise around the substrate 2, from the Figure 3 closing locking state to the Figure 4 vertical state, and further rotates counterclockwise to the position substantially shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 (it can also rotate at a large angle outside the substrate to avoid hindering the movement of the support arm). At this time, the support arm 3 is unlocked. Then, the support arm 3 is pushed (either manually or mechanically) away from the closing limit stop 1001 and rotates clockwise on the substrate, crosses the locking device 7 and starts to approach the opening limit stop 1002, as shown in Figure 6 . During this process, the flow deflector 4 is gradually opened. Push the locking device 7 to rotate counterclockwise again, and when it starts to contact the other side of the support arm 3, the first elastic member 1101 on the opening limit stop 1002 starts to be compressed. When continuing to push the locking device 7 to be perpendicular to the support arm 3 (as shown in Figure 7As shown, the distance from the rotation axis 704 of the locking device to the support arm 3 is the closest, and the first elastic member 1101 is compressed to the maximum extent, reaching the mechanical "dead point" for opening; at this time, there is still a margin L between the locking member 8 and the unlocking portion 602; therefore, when the locking device 7 is continuously pushed to rotate counterclockwise, it crosses the mechanical "dead point" and reaches the unlocking portion 602, where it is blocked or restricted by the locked portion; at this time, the distance from the rotation axis 704 to the support arm 3 is not the farthest distance, so the first elastic member 1101 is fully or partially released, and the open state is defined at this time, as Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown.

[0071] In Figure 8 the state shown, if the locking member 8 of the locking device wants to reverse across the mechanical "dead point" (i.e., wants to rotate clockwise) from the unlocking portion 602, then an external force must act to compress the first elastic member 1101 from the Figure 8 state to the Figure 7 state to achieve this (i.e., a force is required to further compress the first elastic member 1101). Therefore, if no external force is provided, then the locking device 7 is in a self-locking state in the Figure 8 case, which is a very stable state; even if the entire opening and closing mechanism is subjected to some vibrations, it often does not cause the locking device 7 to disengage from the self-locking state, thus keeping the opening and closing mechanism in the open position. In particular, when the opening and closing mechanism is in the self-locking state and the first elastic member 1101 is still in the compressed state (partially released), it will play a better buffering role in preventing or reducing the vibration of the opening and closing mechanism.

[0072] (2) Closing process:

[0073] Conversely, in sequence from Figure 8 to Figure 3 shown, still taking the opening and closing mechanism on the right side as an example, under the push of an external force (such as human force or mechanical force), the locking device 7 starts to rotate clockwise, from the open self-locking state( Figure 8 ) into the "dead point" position( Figure 7 ), and then leaves the "dead point" position. At this time, the support arm 3 is unlocked( Figure 6 ). Then, the support arm 3 is pushed (such as by human force or mechanical force) to leave the open limit stop 1002 and rotate counterclockwise on the substrate, cross the locking device 7 and start to approach the closing limit stop 1001 (as Figure 5 shown). During this process, the flow guide cover 4 is gradually closed. When the locking device 7 is pushed to rotate clockwise again and starts to contact the support arm 3, the first elastic member 1101 on the closing limit stop 1001 starts to be compressed. When the locking device 7 is continuously pushed to be perpendicular to the support arm 3 (as Figure 4As shown, at this time, the distance from the rotation axis 704 of the locking device to the support arm 3 is the closest, and the first elastic member 1101 is compressed to the maximum extent, reaching the mechanical "dead point" of closing; at this time, there is also a margin L between the locking member 8 and the closing locking portion 601; therefore, when the locking device 7 is continuously pushed to rotate clockwise, it crosses the mechanical "dead point" and reaches the closing locking portion 601, where it is blocked or restricted by the locked portion; at this time, the distance from the rotation axis 704 to the support arm 3 is not the farthest distance, so the first elastic member 1101 is fully or partially released, and the closed state is defined at this time, as Figure 3 and Figure 1 shown.

[0074] In Figure 3 the state shown, if the locking member 8 of the locking device wants to reverse across the mechanical "dead point" (i.e., wants to rotate counterclockwise) from the closing locking portion 601, then an external force must act to compress the first elastic member 1101 from Figure 3 the state to Figure 2 the state to achieve this (i.e., a force is required to further compress the first elastic member 1101). Therefore, if no external force is provided, then the locking device 7 is in another self-locking state in Figure 3 this case, which is also a very stable state; even if the entire opening and closing mechanism is subjected to some vibrations, it often will not cause the locking device 7 to disengage from the self-locking state, thus keeping the opening and closing mechanism in the closed position. In particular, when the opening and closing mechanism is in the self-locking state and the first elastic member 1101 is still in the compressed state (partially released), it will play a better buffering role in preventing or reducing the vibration of the opening and closing mechanism.

[0075] It should be understood that during the opening and closing processes, the shortest distances, margin L, etc. mentioned may be the same or different due to manufacturing differences; the principle is that the above-mentioned opening and closing processes can be achieved.

[0076] When the locking device 7 is provided with two locking members, namely the closing locking member 801 and the opening locking member 802, as Figure 13-15 shown: when opening, rotate the locking device 7 counterclockwise to the Figure 14 unlocked state shown, then rotate the support arm 3 to open the deflector 4, and then rotate the locking device 7 clockwise to lock the support arm in the open state; when closing, as Figure 15-13 shown, rotate the locking device 7 counterclockwise to the Figure 14 unlocked state shown, then rotate the support arm 3 to close the deflector 4, and then rotate the locking device 7 clockwise to lock the support arm in the closed state. It can be seen that whether it is the opening process or the closing process, the locking device is first unlocked counterclockwise and then locked clockwise, and the control of the locking device 7 is extremely simple.

[0077] Embodiment 2:

[0078] The elastic member 11 (the second elastic member 1102) is arranged on the first rotating member 5; at least when the locking device 7 is substantially perpendicular to the support arm 3, the second elastic member 1102 is compressed.

[0079] Preferably, the second elastic member 1102 is arranged on the support arm 3; more preferably, the second elastic member 1102 is arranged at the contact position between the support arm 3 and the limit stop 10, and / or the second elastic member 1102 is arranged at the contact position between the support arm 3 and the locking device 7 (or the locking part 8 of the locking device) (as Figure 18 shown). Optionally, the second elastic member 1102 adopts a spring structure or is made of a deformable and wear-resistant material.

[0080] When the elastic member is arranged close to the limit stop 10, its working mode is similar to that of Embodiment 1. When the elastic member is arranged close to the locking device 7, when the locking device 7 is substantially perpendicular to the support arm 3, the second elastic member 1102 is compressed to the maximum amount and thus deformed; Figure 18 in which the second elastic member 1102 is squeezed into a concave shape by the locking part 8 of the locking device. When the locking part 8 continues to move towards the locking portion 6, the second elastic member 1102 is fully or partially restored, thereby realizing self-locking.

[0081] Or optionally, as Figure 19 shown, the second elastic member 1102 includes an elastic protruding portion 11021, and when the locking device 7 is substantially perpendicular to the support arm 3, the protruding portion 11021 is squeezed.

[0082] Optionally, the second elastic member 1102 can extend into the locking portion 6; thus when the opening and closing mechanism is in a self-locking state, the vibration of the opening and closing mechanism can be prevented or reduced due to the buffering effect between the elastic member and the locking device.

[0083] The elastic member can also be arranged at other parts of the support arm or the first rotating member, based on the principle of being able to achieve the above functions. In addition, when the support arm has an elastic member, the locking device and the limit stop can be of a rigid structure for ease of production and manufacturing.

[0084] Locking process when opening or closing: After the support arm 3 moves approximately to the opening or closing position, the locking device 7 rotates and gradually contacts the support arm 3, driving the support arm 3 to move and bringing the support arm 3 into contact with the limit stop 10, and the limit stop 10 starts to prevent the movement of the support arm 3. Under the action of the limit stop 10 against the support arm 3, the locking device 7 continues to move and starts to squeeze the second elastic member 1102; when the locking device 7 is approximately perpendicular to the support arm 3, the elastic deformation of the second elastic member 1102 reaches the maximum value, reaching the dead point; the locking device 7 rotates past the dead point and continues to rotate, and the locking is completed when the locking part 6 is limited and cannot rotate further; at this time, if there is still deformation in the support arm (for example, in the locking part 6), sufficient elastic force will be generated to ensure that the locking piece 8 of the locking device is in close fit with the locking part 6 to prevent or reduce the vibration of the opening and closing mechanism during operation.

[0085] Embodiment 3:

[0086] As Figure 20 shown, the elastic member 11 (the third elastic member 1103) is provided on the locking device 7; at least when the locking device 7 is approximately perpendicular to the support arm 3, the third elastic member 1103 is compressed, so that the locking device 7 can elastically deform relatively.

[0087] Optionally, the third elastic member 1103 is made of a deformable and wear-resistant material and is installed on the locking piece 8 of the locking device; at least installed at the contact part between the locking piece 8 and the support arm 3. Optionally, the third elastic member 1103 is an elastic roller 12 sleeved on the outer periphery of the locking piece 8, which can be made of conventional elastic and wear-resistant materials such as rubber and can rotate relative to the locking piece 8.

[0088] When the locking device 7 is approximately perpendicular to the support arm 3, the third elastic member 1103 is compressed to the maximum amount by the support arm 3 and thus deforms; as Figure 20 shown, the roller 12 is deformed by the support arm. When the locking piece 8 continues to move towards the locking part 6, the roller 12 recovers in whole or in part. Preferably, the roller 12 is still in a compressed state in the locking part 6, so that the locking device and the support arm are elastically abutted against each other, which can prevent or reduce the vibration of the opening and closing mechanism during operation.

[0089] It can be understood that the third elastic member 1103 can also be installed in other parts, such as between the rotating shaft 704 of the locking device and the substrate 2, or installed on the locking device body. However, it is more convenient to replace and repair when installed on the locking piece 8.

[0090] The implementation process of this embodiment is similar to that of Embodiment 2, that is, the third elastic member 1103 is maximally compressed when the locking device 7 is approximately perpendicular to the support arm 3, forming a "dead point".

[0091] Embodiment 4:

[0092] The elastic member 11 is a fourth elastic member 1104 that is always in a compressed state. One end of it is hinged to the substrate 2, and the other end is hinged to the locking device 7. The fourth elastic member 1104 can be a gas spring, a mechanical spring, or other similar structures. The fourth elastic member 1104 is always in a compressed state.

[0093] Taking the gas spring as an example, during the rotation of the locking device 7, the gas spring moves accordingly. Figure 21 It shows that the locking device and the gas spring are in the unlocked position, and the fairing is in the closed position; at this time, the locking device rotates clockwise to reach Figure 22 and Figure 23 the position shown, that is, locking is achieved. During the movement of the locking device and the gas spring, the gas spring is always in a compressed state, which can provide elastic force to ensure that the locking device remains in the locked state and avoid unreliable locking due to vibration.

[0094] If the structures such as the limit stop, the locking device, and the locking part are all rigid, at this time, due to the existence of the gas spring, reliable locking can be ensured, and locking failure will not occur due to vibration or a small external force. If the fourth elastic member 1104 is combined with the elastic member 11 set in Embodiments 1-3, it can further avoid the gap between the support arm 3 and the limit stop 10 or between the support arm 3 and the locking device 7 after locking, and avoid the vibration of the fairing during the train operation.

[0095] Combined with the above Embodiments 1-4, even though the elastic member 11 can have various implementation manners, various implementation manners can also be used in combination. For example, but not limited to, the first elastic member 1101 is provided on the limit stop 10, and the second elastic member 1102 is provided on the support arm 3; or the first elastic member 1101 is provided on the limit stop 10, the second elastic member 1102 is provided on the support arm 3, and the third elastic member 1103 is provided on the locking device 7, etc. combinations. It can be understood that the elastic member 11 can be selected from any one or more combinations of the first elastic member 1101, the second elastic member 1102, the third elastic member 1103, and the fourth elastic member 1104.

[0096] From the above implementation manners, through the common action of the elastic member 11, the locking device 7, the support arm 3 (or the first rotating member 5), and the limit stop 10, not only can the opening and closing mechanism be in a self-locking state in the closed state or the open state, but also there is no gap between the locking device, the limit stop, and the support arm, and almost no vibration occurs, greatly increasing the stability of the opening and closing mechanism.

[0097] Preferably, in the case where there is an elastic member 11, when the locking member 8 of the locking device is located at the locking portion 6, the support arms 3 are respectively in an elastically abutting state with the locking device 7 and the limit stop 10 to generate a resisting force, preventing or reducing vibrations between components. Optionally, the locking device 7 and the support arm 3 can come into contact with each other before being perpendicular, so that a resistance is generated due to the arrangement of the elastic member 11, and when they are perpendicular, the resisting force is the greatest. When passing through the dead point, when the locking member 8 is located at the locking portion 6, there is still an elastic force, thus generating a buffer to prevent vibrations of the opening and closing mechanism.

[0098] At least one embodiment of the present application solves the gap problem existing in the existing opening and closing mechanism. The support arm can always be in close contact with the locking device and the limit stop, preventing vibrations between components during vehicle operation, greatly improving the locking effect of the vehicle opening and closing mechanism, and having great significance for ensuring the safe operation of the vehicle.

[0099] The second embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle having an opening and closing mechanism, and the opening and closing mechanism is the opening and closing mechanism described in any of the foregoing technical solutions. Preferably, the vehicle has two symmetrically arranged opening and closing mechanisms, and these two opening and closing mechanisms can share the mounting frame 1 and the substrate 2.

Claims

1. An opening and closing mechanism, characterized in that, include, A mounting frame and a base plate disposed on the mounting frame; A support arm is rotatably disposed on the base plate; a locking portion is disposed on the support arm, including a closing locking portion and an opening locking portion; and components that can move with the support arm are collectively referred to as first rotating components; The deflector cover is installed on the support arm and can be closed and opened with the rotation of the support arm; A locking device, wherein the first end of the locking device is rotatably disposed on the base plate, and the second end of the locking device is provided with a locking member; the locking member can be in contact with the support arm and vertical, and can be respectively in contact with the closing locking portion to realize closing self-locking, and in contact with the opening locking portion to realize opening self-locking; A limit stopper, comprising a closing limit stopper and an opening limit stopper, which can contact the first rotating component respectively to prevent the air deflector from being closed or opened; An elastic member, which, by cooperating with the locking device, the first rotating member and the limit stopper, can make the opening and closing mechanism in a self-locking state in a closed state or an open state; Wherein, the locking member can interact with the closing locking part and the opening locking part respectively to respectively lock the closing and opening states of the opening and closing mechanism; the closing locking part and the opening locking part are respectively located on different sides and in the same direction of the support arm.

2. The opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that The opening and closing mechanism is configured so that when the locking device is perpendicular to the support arm, there is a margin L between the locking member and the locking portion, and the locking member can continue to move toward the locking portion to be mechanically limited by the locking portion.

3. The opening and closing mechanism according to claim 2, wherein The opening and closing mechanism is configured so that when the locking member of the locking device is located at the locking portion, the elastic member is still in a compressed state; Alternatively, the opening and closing mechanism is configured so that the locking device and the support arm can contact each other when they are not yet perpendicular, so that interference occurs due to the arrangement of the elastic member, and when they are perpendicular, the interference force is maximum.

4. The opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support arm is bent, a first end of which is rotatably arranged on the base plate, and a second end of which is rotatably arranged on the mounting frame.

5. The opening and closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that The elastic component is selected from a combination of one or more of a first elastic component, a second elastic component, a third elastic component and a fourth elastic component; wherein the limit stop has the first elastic component; the first rotating part or the support arm has the second elastic component; the locking device has the third elastic component; the fourth elastic member is always in a compressed state, a first end of which is connected to the substrate, and a second end of which is connected to the locking device.

6. The opening and closing mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first elastic member is located at the contact point between the limit stop and the first rotating component; The second elastic member is located at a position on the support arm that contacts the limit stop, and / or the second elastic member is located at a position on the support arm that contacts the locking device; The third elastic member is disposed on the locking piece.

7. The opening and closing mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second elastic member includes a protruding portion having elasticity, and when the locking device is substantially perpendicular to the support arm, the protruding portion is squeezed; the second elastic member extends into the locking portion; The third elastic member is an elastic roller sleeved on the locking member; The fourth elastic member is a gas spring, one end of which is hinged to the substrate and the other end is hinged to the locking device.

8. The opening and closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, 6 and 7, characterized in that, The locking device and the support arm are independently arranged and can contact each other during locking.

9. The opening and closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, 6, and 7, characterized in that, A engaging member is arranged between the locking device and the substrate.

10. The opening and closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, 6 and 7, characterized in that, A first gap is arranged on the support arm to provide a passing space for the locking device.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that, It has the opening and closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1-10.

12. The vehicle according to claim 11, characterized in that, It includes two symmetrically arranged opening and closing mechanisms as described above.

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