A heat exchanger

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger includes a shell-side component, a spacer component and a tube-side component. The shell-side component includes a shell with one end open and the other end closed. The spacer component and the inner wall of the shell are combined to form a plurality of shell-side flow channels that are spaced and sleeved. Both ends of each shell-side flow channel are closed along the axial direction of the shell. A connecting port connecting two adjacent shell-side flow channels is provided on the spacer component. The two connecting ports connecting the same shell-side flow channel are staggered in the circumferential direction of the shell. The shell is provided with shell-side inlets and outlets corresponding to the outermost and innermost shell-side flow channels. The spacer component and the tube-side component are combined to form a plurality of tube-side flow channels that are sleeved inside and outside in sequence. Two adjacent shell-side flow channels have two tube-side flow channels with opposite flow directions. The tube-side component is provided with tube-side inlets and outlets corresponding to the innermost and outermost tube-side flow channels. The heat exchanger of the invention has a single stress state, high reliability and low manufacturing difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange, and in particular to a heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] Heat exchanger is a device that transfers part of the heat of hot fluid to cold fluid, also known as heat exchanger. Heat exchanger plays an important role in chemical, petroleum, power, food and many other industrial production. In chemical production, heat exchanger can be used as heater, cooler, condenser, evaporator and reboiler, etc., and is widely used.

[0003] In the prior art, when the medium in the tube side or shell side of the heat exchanger undergoes a phase change (liquid-gas), the volume of the heat exchanger itself often changes dramatically. In order to adapt to this change, an irregular structure (such as an eccentric inclined cone or a non-circular structure) is usually set on the heat exchanger equipment to balance the volume change in the heat exchanger.

[0004] However, these irregular settings often cause the heat exchanger to have a discontinuous structure and a non-uniform stress state. In addition, the irregular structure is difficult to manufacture and process, which greatly increases the process cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger, aiming to solve the problem of phase change of the medium in the heat exchanger cavity and drastic increase or decrease in volume, and to improve the problems of discontinuous structure, non-uniform stress state and great manufacturing difficulty of the heat exchanger in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A heat exchanger, comprising:

[0008] The shell side assembly includes a shell having an open end and a closed end;

[0009] A spacing component, wherein the spacing component is arranged in the shell, the spacing component and the inner wall of the shell together form a plurality of spaced-apart shell-side flow passages, each of the shell-side flow passages is closed at both ends along the axial direction of the shell, the spacing component is provided with a connecting port connecting two adjacent shell-side flow passages, the two connecting ports connecting the same shell-side flow passages are staggered in the circumferential direction of the shell, and the shell is provided with shell-side inlets and outlets corresponding to the outermost and innermost shell-side flow passages respectively;

[0010] A tube-side component is arranged in the shell, and the spacing component and the tube-side component are surrounded to form a plurality of tube-side branch flow channels which are sequentially arranged inside and outside. The plurality of tube-side branch flow channels are sequentially staggered and connected in the axial direction of the shell to form a tube-side flow channel with a serpentine longitudinal section. There are two tube-side branch flow channels with opposite flow directions between two adjacent shell-side branch flow channels. The tube-side component is respectively provided with tube-side inlets and outlets corresponding to the innermost and outermost tube-side branch flow channels.

[0011] Optionally, the pipe-side assembly includes a cover plate, which is arranged on the open end of the shell, the first end of the spacer assembly abuts against the inner bottom of the shell, the second end of the spacer assembly extends in a direction toward the cover plate and is spaced apart from the cover plate, and the two pipe-side inlets and outlets are both arranged on the cover plate.

[0012] Optionally, the spacer assembly includes a plurality of spacers that are spaced apart and sleeved in sequence, the first end of the spacer being connected to the inner bottom of the shell, two adjacent spacers and the inner bottom together forming the shell-side diverter channel with closed ends, each of the spacers being provided with the connecting port, and each of the spacers having two tube-side diverter channels with opposite flow directions formed inside.

[0013] Optionally, each of the separators has a flow cavity opening toward the cover plate, and the pipe-side assembly further comprises a plurality of cylindrical bodies spaced apart from each other, a first end of each of the cylindrical bodies being connected to the cover plate, a second end of the cylindrical body extending into the flow cavity and spaced apart from the bottom wall and inner and outer walls of the flow cavity, and the cylindrical body divides the flow cavity into two pipe-side flow channels with opposite flow directions.

[0014] Optionally, the separator includes a separator cylinder and a separator rib, the separator cylinder is an annular cylindrical structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the opening of the separator cylinder faces the cover plate, the pipe-side flow channel is formed in the inner cavity of the separator cylinder, one end of the separator rib is connected to the closed end of the separator cylinder, and the other end of the separator rib is abutted against the inner bottom of the shell.

[0015] Optionally, the spacing assembly includes a partition top plate, which closes the opening of the shell, and the cover plate is spaced apart on the side of the partition top plate away from the inner bottom. The second end of each of the partitions is connected to the partition top plate, and the flow cavity passes through the partition top plate. The partition top plate, the inner bottom and two adjacent partitions together form the shell-side diverter channel.

[0016] Optionally, the partition top plate extends outwardly from the radial direction of the shell, and the heat exchanger further comprises a ring plug, which is sealingly disposed between the cover plate and the partition top plate and is located on the outer side of the cylindrical body.

[0017] Optionally, the separation cylinder is an open ring structure, and the opening of the open ring structure forms the communication port.

[0018] Optionally, the inner wall of the innermost separator encloses and forms the shell-side branch flow channel, and one of the shell-side inlet and outlet is directly connected to the shell-side branch flow channel;

[0019] The outer wall of the outermost separator and the inner wall of the shell together form the shell-side shunt channel, and the other shell-side inlet and outlet are opened on the outer wall of the shell and communicated with the shell-side shunt channel.

[0020] Optionally, projections of all the communication ports on the inner bottom of the shell are located on the same straight line.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The heat exchanger provided by the present invention forms a plurality of tube-side flow diverters which are sequentially arranged inside and outside by surrounding a spacing component and a tube-side component. The tube-side component is respectively provided with tube-side inlets and outlets corresponding to the innermost and outermost tube-side flow diverters, so that the internal space of the tube-side flow diverters changes continuously, thereby balancing the volume change of the heat exchange medium in the tube-side flow diverters. There is no need to additionally set up other irregular structures for balancing the volume change, thereby simplifying the structure of the heat exchanger, making the stress state of the heat exchanger single, improving reliability, and reducing manufacturing difficulty; there are two tube-side flow diverters with opposite flow directions between two adjacent shell-side flow diverters, which increases the heat exchange area and improves the heat exchange efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The main view of the heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 (Tube flow path shown);

[0023] Figure 2 1 is a top view of the heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 (Showing the pipe flow path, “·”-out; “X”-in);

[0024] Figure 3 The main view of the heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 (Showing the shell side flow channel, “·”-out; “X”-in);

[0025] Figure 4 1 is a top view of the heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 (Shell side flow path shown);

[0026] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the tube-side flow divider and the shell-side flow divider of the heat exchanger provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6is a schematic structural diagram of an assembled heat exchanger provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 is a front view of a shell side component of a heat exchanger provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 is a top view of a shell-side component of a heat exchanger provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 is a front view of a spacer assembly of a heat exchanger provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.10 is a top view of a spacer assembly of a heat exchanger provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.11 is a front view of a tube-side assembly of a heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.12 It is a top view of the tube-side assembly of the heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure:

[0035] 1. Shell side components; 11. Shell; 12. Shell side inlet and outlet;

[0036] 2. spacer assembly; 21. separator; 211. separator cylinder; 212. separator rib plate; 22. separator top plate;

[0037] 3. Shell side flow channel;

[0038] 4. Connecting port;

[0039] 5. Pipeline components; 51. Cover plate; 52. Cylinder; 53. Pipeline inlet and outlet;

[0040] 6. Pipeline diversion channel;

[0041] 7. Ring plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0045] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0046] This embodiment provides a heat exchanger such as Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, the heat exchanger includes a shell-side component 1, a spacer component 2 and a tube-side component 5. The shell-side component 1 includes a shell 11 with an open end and a closed end. The spacer component 2 is arranged in the shell 11. The spacer component 2 and the inner wall of the shell 11 enclose a plurality of spaced shell-side flow channels 3. Both ends of each shell-side flow channel 3 are closed along the axial direction of the shell 11. A connecting port 4 for connecting two adjacent shell-side flow channels 3 is provided on the spacer component 2. The two connecting ports 4 for connecting the same shell-side flow channel 3 are staggered in the circumferential direction of the shell 11. The shell 11 corresponds to the outermost and innermost shells. The tube-side flow channels 3 are respectively provided with shell-side inlets and outlets 12; the tube-side assembly 5 is arranged in the shell 11, and the spacing assembly 2 and the tube-side assembly 5 are surrounded to form a plurality of tube-side flow channels 6 which are sequentially arranged inside and outside. The plurality of tube-side flow channels 6 are sequentially staggered and connected in the axial direction of the shell 11 to form a tube-side flow channel with a serpentine longitudinal section. There are two tube-side flow channels 6 with opposite flow directions between two adjacent shell-side flow channels 3, and the tube-side assembly 5 is respectively provided with tube-side inlets and outlets 53 corresponding to the innermost and outermost tube-side flow channels 6.

[0047] The heat exchanger provided in this embodiment has a plurality of tube-side branch flow channels 6 which are sequentially sleeved inside and outside and are sequentially staggered and connected in the axial direction of the shell 11 to form a tube-side flow channel with a serpentine longitudinal cross-section. When a fluid enters from a tube-side inlet 53, the fluid can sequentially flow through a plurality of tube-side branch flow channels 6 along the radial direction of the shell 11 and then flow out from another tube-side inlet 53. In addition, in each tube-side branch flow channel 6, since the connection points between each tube-side branch flow channel 6 and the two adjacent tube-side branch flow channels 6 are respectively located at the two ends of the tube-side branch flow channel 6 along the axial direction of the shell 11, the fluid can flow inside each tube-side branch flow channel 6 along the axial direction of the shell 11. Since a plurality of shell-side branch flow channels 3 are sequentially sleeved inside and outside, and each shell-side branch flow channel 3 is closed at both ends along the axial direction of the shell 11, the two connecting ports 4 connecting the same shell-side branch flow channel 3 are staggered in the circumferential direction of the shell 11, so that when another medium enters from one shell-side inlet and outlet 12, it can pass through each shell-side branch flow channel 3 sequentially along the radial direction of the shell 11 and flow out from the other shell-side inlet and outlet 12, and in each shell-side branch flow channel 3, the medium flows from one connecting port 4 to another connecting port 4 along the circumferential direction of the shell 11.

[0048] That is, in the heat exchanger provided by the present invention, when the liquid medium in the tube-side flow channel 6 is heated by heat exchange during use, the liquid medium enters from the tube-side inlet and outlet 53 connected to the innermost tube-side flow channel 6, and diffuses from the innermost tube-side flow channel 6 along the radial direction of the shell 11 to the edge of the shell 11. As the liquid medium diffuses toward the edge of the shell 11, the space in the tube-side flow channel 6 gradually increases. When the medium changes from liquid to gas, the overall volume of the medium increases. The relatively increased space in the tube-side flow channel 6 can balance the volume change of the medium, so that the heat exchange is The overall volume of the heat exchanger remains unchanged, so it can be used as a reboiler; when the gaseous medium in the tube-side branch channel 6 is condensed by heat exchange, the gaseous medium enters from the tube-side inlet and outlet 53 connected to the outermost side, and gathers from the outermost tube-side branch channel 6 along the radial direction of the shell 11 toward the center of the shell 11, and the space in the tube-side branch channel 6 gradually decreases. When the medium changes from gas to liquid, the overall volume of the medium decreases. The relatively reduced space in the tube-side branch channel 6 can balance the volume change of the medium, so that the overall volume of the heat exchanger remains unchanged. At this time, the heat exchanger can be used as a condenser.

[0049] That is, by surrounding the spacer component 2 and the tube-side component 5 to form a plurality of tube-side flow diverters 6 which are sequentially arranged inside and outside, the tube-side component 5 is provided with tube-side inlets and outlets 53 corresponding to the innermost and outermost tube-side flow diverters 6, respectively, so that the internal space of the tube-side flow diverters 6 changes continuously, thereby balancing the volume change of the heat exchange medium in the tube-side flow diverters 6, and there is no need to additionally set up other irregular structures for balancing the volume change, thereby simplifying the structure of the heat exchanger, making the stress state of the heat exchanger single, improving reliability, and reducing manufacturing difficulty; there are two tube-side flow diverters 6 with opposite flow directions between two adjacent shell-side flow diverters 3, which increases the heat exchange area and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0050] Continue to see Figure 1 ,and Figure 7 and Figure 8 The tube-side assembly 5 includes a cover plate 51, which is covered at the open end of the shell 11. The first end of the spacer assembly 2 abuts against the inner bottom of the shell 11, and the second end of the spacer assembly 2 extends in the direction toward the cover plate 51 and is spaced from the cover plate 51. Both tube-side inlets and outlets 53 are arranged on the cover plate 51. By covering the open end of the shell 11 with the cover plate 51, the cover plate 51 and the shell 11 are combined to form a closed flow space, and the spacer assembly 2 divides the flow space into a shell-side flow channel and a tube-side flow channel area; at the same time, by arranging the tube-side inlets and outlets 53 on the cover plate 51, the processing of the tube-side inlets and outlets 53 can be simplified.

[0051] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 ,and Fig. 9 and Fig.10The spacing assembly 2 includes a plurality of partitions 21 which are sequentially spaced and sleeved. The first end of the partition 21 is connected to the inner bottom of the shell 11. Two adjacent partitions 21 and the inner bottom together form a shell-side flow channel 3 with closed ends. A connecting port 4 is provided on each partition 21. Two tube-side flow channels 6 with opposite flow directions are formed inside each partition 21. Two adjacent partitions 21 and the inner bottom together form a shell-side flow channel 3, and two tube-side flow channels 6 with opposite flow directions are formed inside the partition 21, which increases the heat exchange area, can achieve sufficient heat exchange, and ensure that the heat exchanger has good heat exchange performance.

[0052] See also Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The separator 21 includes a separator cylinder 211 and a separator rib 212. The separator cylinder 211 is an annular cylindrical structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the opening of the separator cylinder 211 faces the cover plate 51. A pipe-pass flow channel 6 is formed in the inner cavity of the separator cylinder 211. One end of the separator rib 212 is connected to the closed end of the separator cylinder 211, and the other end of the separator rib 212 abuts against the inner bottom of the shell 11. The arrangement of the separator cylinder 211 makes the structure of the separator 21 more regular and reduces the difficulty of manufacturing. At the same time, by arranging the separator rib 212, it is easy to realize the connection between the separator cylinder 211 and the inner bottom of the shell 11, which is convenient for assembly.

[0053] Optionally, the partition cylinder 211 is an open ring structure, and the opening of the open ring structure forms a connecting port 4. The open ring structure is regular and easy to produce. Preferably, the partition rib 212 is annular with an opening, which is simple and convenient to produce. In this embodiment, the other end of the partition rib 212 is connected to the inner bottom of the shell 11 by welding, and the process is convenient and easy to operate. In other embodiments, the other end of the partition rib 212 can also be connected to the inner bottom of the shell 11 by a flange or other means.

[0054] like Figure 1 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, each separator 21 has a flow cavity opening toward the cover plate 51, and the tube-side assembly 5 also includes a plurality of spaced cylindrical bodies 52, the first end of each cylindrical body 52 is connected to the cover plate 51, and the second end of the cylindrical body 52 extends into the flow cavity and is spaced from the bottom wall and the inner and outer cavity walls of the flow cavity, and the cylindrical body 52 divides the flow cavity into two tube-side flow channels 6 with opposite flow directions. The arrangement of the cylindrical body 52 improves the regularity of the structure of the tube-side assembly 5 and reduces the difficulty of manufacturing. Preferably, the distance between the second end of the cylindrical body 52 and the inner cavity wall and the second end of the cylindrical body 52 and the outer cavity wall is equal, which improves the continuity of the area change of the heat exchange in the flow channel, thereby improving the uniformity of the heat exchange and reducing the volume change of the separator 21.

[0055] Optionally, the spacer assembly 2 includes a partition top plate 22, the partition top plate 22 closes the opening of the shell 11, the cover plate 51 is arranged at intervals on the side of the partition top plate 22 away from the inner bottom, the second end of each partition body 21 is connected to the partition top plate 22, and the flow cavity passes through the partition top plate 22, and the partition top plate 22, the inner bottom and two adjacent partition bodies 21 together form a shell-side shunt channel 3. By disposing the cover plate 51 at intervals on the side of the partition top plate 22 away from the inner bottom, the tube-side shunt channels 6 in adjacent flow cavities are connected. Preferably, a plurality of annular through holes are provided on the partition top plate 22, and the plurality of annular through holes correspond one-to-one with the openings of the partition cylinder 211 to realize the conduction of the tube-side shunt channels 6 in adjacent flow cavities, and the annular through hole structure is regular and easy to process.

[0056] Preferably, the projections of the partition cylinder 211 and the cylindrical body 52 on the cover plate 51 are coaxially arranged open annular structures, the partition cylinder 211 includes coaxial inner and outer cylinder walls that are spaced apart, one end of each inner and outer cylinder wall is connected to the partition top plate 22, and the other end of each inner and outer cylinder wall is connected through the cylinder bottom wall, the partition cylinder 211 also includes a connecting wall connected between the end of the inner cylinder wall along the circumferential direction and the end of the outer cylinder wall along the circumferential direction, and the inner cylinder wall, the outer cylinder wall, the cylinder bottom wall and the two connecting walls together form the above-mentioned flow cavity. The second end of the cylindrical body 52 is arranged opposite to the cylinder bottom wall, and the two circumferential ends of the cylindrical body 52 are respectively abutted against the connecting wall, so that the fluid on both sides of the cylindrical body 52 can only pass through the gap between the cylindrical body 52 and the cylinder bottom wall. That is, the two tube-side flow channels 6 located in the same flow cavity are connected through the gap between the cylindrical body 52 and the bottom of the flow cavity, and the shell-side flow channels 3 located in the adjacent flow cavity are connected through the gap between the cylindrical body 52 and the partition top plate 22.

[0057] To ensure that the heat exchange medium in the tube flow channel is evenly and symmetrically diverted to the flow cavity formed by the separator 21 and improve the uniformity of heat exchange, preferably, the tube inlet and outlet 53 connected to the innermost tube diversion channel 6 is coaxially arranged with the innermost separator 21.

[0058] In the actual assembly process, the partition top plate 22 extends out of the radial outer side of the shell 11, and the heat exchanger also includes a ring plug 7, which is sealed and arranged between the cover plate 51 and the partition top plate 22 and is located on the outer side of the cylindrical body 52. ​​By extending the partition top plate 22 out of the radial outer side of the shell 11, the outermost pipe-side flow channel 6 is connected to the pipe-side inlet and outlet 53. By arranging the ring plug 7 between the cover plate 51 and the partition top plate 22, the sealing of the heat exchanger is improved, the leakage of the material in the flow channel is prevented, and the reliability of the heat exchanger is further improved. Optionally, the ring plug 7 is detachably connected to the cover plate 51 and the partition top plate 22, which is convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0059] Optionally, the inner wall of the innermost partition 21 encloses a shell-side flow channel 3, and a shell-side inlet and outlet 12 is directly connected to the shell-side flow channel 3; the outer wall of the outermost partition 21 and the inner wall of the shell 11 enclose a shell-side flow channel 3, and another shell-side inlet and outlet 12 is opened on the outer wall of the shell 11 and connected to the shell-side flow channel 3. By connecting one shell-side inlet and outlet 12 with the innermost shell-side flow channel 3 and the other shell-side inlet and outlet 12 with the outermost shell-side flow channel 3 to form a shell-side flow channel loop, the shell-side flow channel 3 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the radial direction of the cover plate 51, thereby reducing the volume change of the shell 11.

[0060] Optionally, the projections of all the connecting ports 4 on the inner bottom of the shell 11 are located on the same straight line, so that the shell-side flow channel 3 and the tube-side flow channel 6 are symmetrically distributed relative to the straight line. This arrangement can ensure that the tube-side flow channel 6 is symmetrically arranged, improve the heat transfer efficiency, and ensure the uniformity of heat transfer.

[0061] Preferably, the connecting port 4 connected to the outermost shell-side branch channel 3 and the shell-side inlet and outlet 12 on the outer side wall of the shell 11 are offset by 180° in the circumferential direction of the shell 11, that is, among all the connecting ports 4, this connecting port 4 is farthest from the shell-side inlet and outlet 12, so as to make full use of the outermost shell-side branch channel 3 and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0062] When the heat exchanger is placed along the axial direction of the shell 11, preferably, the shell-side inlet and outlet 12 provided on the outer side wall of the shell 11 is arranged close to the partition top plate 22, which is conducive to the material in the shell-side channel to fully flow through the shell-side channel, increase the heat exchange area, and improve the heat exchange efficiency. Preferably, a plurality of tube-side inlets and outlets 53 connected to the outermost tube-side branch channel 6 are evenly arranged on the periphery of the cover plate 51 to improve the efficiency of the material in the tube-side flow channel entering or discharging, and improve the heat exchange rate. Preferably, 4 tube-side inlets and outlets 53 are evenly arranged on the periphery of the cover plate 51. In other embodiments, those skilled in the art can set the number of tube-side inlets and outlets 53 according to the actual application scenario.

[0063] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger, characterized in that: include: The shell side component (1) comprises a shell (11) with an opening at one end and a closed end; A spacing component (2), the spacing component (2) being arranged in the shell (11), the spacing component (2) and the inner wall of the shell (11) forming a plurality of spaced-apart shell-side flow channels (3), each of the shell-side flow channels (3) being closed at both ends along the axial direction of the shell (11), the spacing component (2) being provided with a connecting port (4) for connecting two adjacent shell-side flow channels (3), the two connecting ports (4) connecting the same shell-side flow channels (3) being staggered in the circumferential direction of the shell (11), and the shell (11) being provided with shell-side inlets and outlets (12) corresponding to the outermost and innermost shell-side flow channels (3), respectively; A tube-side component (5), the tube-side component (5) being arranged in the shell (11), the spacer component (2) and the tube-side component (5) enclosing a plurality of tube-side flow paths (6) which are sequentially sleeved inside and outside, the plurality of tube-side flow paths (6) being staggered and connected in sequence in the axial direction of the shell (11) to form a tube-side flow path with a serpentine longitudinal cross section, two tube-side flow paths (6) with opposite flow directions being provided between two adjacent shell-side flow paths (3), and the tube-side component (5) being respectively provided with tube-side inlets and outlets (53) corresponding to the innermost and outermost tube-side flow paths (6); The pipe-side component (5) comprises a cover plate (51), the cover plate (51) being arranged to cover the open end of the shell (11), the first end of the spacer component (2) being in contact with the inner bottom of the shell (11), the second end of the spacer component (2) extending in a direction toward the cover plate (51) and being arranged to be spaced apart from the cover plate (51), and the two pipe-side inlets and outlets (53) being arranged on the cover plate (51); The spacer assembly (2) comprises a plurality of spacers (21) which are spaced apart and sleeved in sequence, wherein a first end of the spacer (21) is connected to the inner bottom of the shell (11), and two adjacent spacers (21) and the inner bottom together form the shell-side branch flow channel (3) with closed ends, each of the spacers (21) is provided with the communication port (4), and each of the spacers (21) has two tube-side branch flow channels (6) with opposite flow directions formed inside; The separator (21) comprises a separator cylinder (211) and a separator rib (212); the separator cylinder (211) is an annular cylindrical structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the opening of the separator cylinder (211) faces the cover plate (51); the inner cavity of the separator cylinder (211) is formed with the pipe-side flow divider (6); one end of the separator rib (212) is connected to the closed end of the separator cylinder (211), and the other end of the separator rib (212) is in contact with the inner bottom of the shell (11); Each of the separators (21) has a flow cavity opening toward the cover plate (51), and the tube-side assembly (5) further comprises a plurality of spaced-apart cylindrical bodies (52), a first end of each of the cylindrical bodies (52) being connected to the cover plate (51), a second end of the cylindrical body (52) extending into the flow cavity and spaced from the bottom wall and inner and outer walls of the flow cavity, the cylindrical body (52) dividing the flow cavity into two tube-side flow channels (6) with opposite flow directions; The spacer assembly (2) comprises a partition top plate (22), the partition top plate (22) closes the opening of the shell (11), the cover plate (51) is arranged at a distance from the partition top plate (22) on a side away from the inner bottom, the second end of each of the partition bodies (21) is connected to the partition top plate (22), and the flow cavity passes through the partition top plate (22), and the partition top plate (22), the inner bottom and two adjacent partition bodies (21) together form the shell-side branch flow channel (3).

2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation cylinder (211) is an open ring structure, and the opening of the open ring structure forms the communication port (4).

3. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition top plate (22) extends radially outward of the shell (11). The heat exchanger further comprises a ring plug (7). The ring plug (7) is sealingly arranged between the cover plate (51) and the partition top plate (22) and is located on the outside of the cylindrical body (52).

4. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the innermost separator (21) encloses the shell-side branch flow channel (3), and a shell-side inlet and outlet (12) is directly connected to the shell-side branch flow channel (3); The outer wall of the outermost separator (21) and the inner wall of the shell (11) together form the shell-side branch flow channel (3), and the other shell-side inlet and outlet (12) are opened on the outer wall of the shell (11) and communicate with the shell-side branch flow channel (3).

5. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The projections of all the communication openings (4) on the inner bottom of the shell (11) are located on the same straight line.

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