A water-cooled motor

Abstract

The present invention provides a water-cooled motor, which belongs to the technical field of motor manufacturing. It solves the problem that the existing motor cannot effectively conduct away the heat on the rotor by heat transfer. The water-cooled motor includes a motor outer shell and a front cover and a rear cover. The motor outer shell is provided with a stator, a rotor and a motor shaft. A front bearing is provided between the front cover and the motor shaft, and a rear bearing is provided between the rear cover and the motor shaft. The rotor and the motor shaft are fixedly matched in the circumferential direction. The stator is fixed on the inner wall of the motor outer shell and is located on the outer side of the rotor with a gap between the rotor. An inner water cooling channel for cooling the rotor is provided between the motor shaft and the rotor. An outer water cooling channel for cooling the stator is provided on the motor outer shell. The inner water cooling channel and the outer water cooling channel are connected for internal and external cooling of the motor. The present invention effectively reduces the temperature of the rotor and ensures the safe and reliable operation of the motor; the motor has high power usage and long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of motor manufacturing and relates to a water-cooled motor. Background Art

[0002] When the motor rotates at high speed, the power density of the motor increases, and the loss per unit volume and the operating temperature rise of the motor also increase significantly compared with ordinary motors, and the cooling and heat dissipation problems are more prominent. Existing motors generally use air cooling on the surface of the casing or oil or water cooling on the casing, but when the motor is running at high speed, the heat generated by the motor rotor cannot be cooled down by the above cooling method, and the cooling effect is poor, which can easily cause the motor rotor to overheat, and eventually cause the motor to work in an over-temperature state, so that the motor is damaged.

[0003] In response to the above-mentioned problem, a motor whose stator and rotor are cooled simultaneously has appeared on the market, such as the Chinese patent number: "201811269771.5" and the authorization announcement number: CN109256902A. The motor is a high-speed permanent magnet motor with integrated stator and rotor circulating cooling. Its specific structure includes a rotor shaft and a cooling channel. The rotor shaft is a hollow shaft with an open end and a closed end. A through hole leading to the outer wall of the rotor shaft is opened on the hollow shaft. A cooling oil tank is provided at the open end of the rotor shaft, and the rotor shaft is connected to the cooling oil tank; a liquid flow guide device is fixedly sleeved on the rotor shaft, one end of the liquid flow guide device is connected to the rotor shaft through the through hole, and the other end is connected to the cooling channel; the cooling channel is connected to the cooling oil tank.

[0004] In the above structure, the rotor shaft is a hollow shaft, and the cooling oil tank performs heat transfer cooling on the hollow hole in the rotor shaft through the hollow hole of the rotor shaft. The rotor shaft has a certain cooling effect, but no cooling channel is provided between the rotor shaft and the rotor. Heat transfer cooling on the rotor is performed through the hollow hole of the rotor shaft and the heat transfer effect of the rotor gradually weakens. The cooling effect of the rotor is poor, and the heat on the rotor cannot be effectively conducted away by heat transfer, thereby affecting the reliability of the motor operation, low power usage, and short service life. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and to provide a water-cooled motor with a simple structure that can effectively reduce the temperature of both the rotor and the stator in the motor by heat transfer, has a good cooling effect, and avoids damage to the motor due to high temperature.

[0006] The objective of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a water-cooled motor, comprising a cylindrical motor housing with openings at both ends and a front end cover and a rear end cover for closing the two ends of the motor housing, wherein a stator, a rotor and a motor shaft are arranged in the motor housing, the front end of the motor shaft extends out of the front end cover and a front bearing is arranged between the front end cover and the motor shaft, the rear end of the motor shaft extends out of the rear end cover and a rear bearing is arranged between the rear end cover and the motor shaft, the rotor is fixedly matched with the motor shaft in the circumferential direction, the stator is fixed on the inner wall of the motor housing and is located on the outside of the rotor and there is a gap with the rotor, characterized in that an inner water-cooling channel for cooling the rotor is arranged between the motor shaft and the rotor, an outer water-cooling channel for cooling the stator is arranged on the motor housing, and the inner water-cooling channel and the outer water-cooling channel are connected for internal and external cooling of the motor.

[0007] The water-cooled motor is provided with cooling channels for the motor shaft, rotor and stator in the motor. The motor shaft and rotor are provided with an inner water cooling channel for internal circulation, and the stator is provided with an outer water cooling channel for external circulation. The inner water cooling channel and the outer water cooling channel are connected for circulation cooling. The inner water cooling channel is provided between the motor shaft and the rotor, which not only cools the motor shaft, but also effectively cools the rotor. The motor shaft and the rotor are cooled by heat transfer at the same time. The water-cooled flow cooling covers a wide area without local dead water, thus avoiding local overheating of the motor and achieving a better cooling effect.

[0008] In the above-mentioned water-cooled motor, the internal water cooling channel includes a first water inlet pipe joint and a first water outlet pipe joint both of which are arranged on the rear end cover, the motor shaft has a cooling groove axially penetrating the rear end of the motor shaft, the bottom of the cooling groove of the motor shaft has a cooling blind hole axially extending forward, the front end of the cooling blind hole of the motor shaft has a radial front connecting hole, and the rear end of the cooling blind hole of the motor shaft has a radial rear connecting hole, an internal cooling water flow channel is arranged on the inner wall of the rotor, the internal cooling water flow channel is radially connected with the cooling blind hole through the radial front connecting hole, the internal cooling water flow channel is radially connected with the cooling groove through the radial rear connecting hole, the cooling groove discharges water through the first water outlet pipe joint, the cooling groove of the motor shaft has a coaxially arranged isolation tube, the isolation tube is axially connected with the cooling blind hole, and the isolation tube is inlet with water through the first water inlet pipe joint. The cooling grooves and cooling blind holes on the motor shaft are used to cool the motor shaft, and the internal cooling water channel on the inner wall of the rotor is used to cool the rotor. The internal cooling water channel is arranged on the inner wall of the rotor. The specific arrangement of the internal cooling water channel on the inner wall of the rotor is that the inner wall of the rotor is circumferentially spaced with axially arranged channel grooves, and adjacent channel grooves are staggered and connected at the front and rear to form a circulating internal cooling water channel. The purpose of this arrangement is to increase the cooling area of ​​the rotor, improve the effective cooling of the rotor, and achieve a better cooling effect.

[0009] In the above-mentioned water-cooled motor, a compression joint is pierced in the same axial direction of the notch of the cooling groove of the motor shaft, the rear end of the isolation tube extends into the compression joint, the isolation tube is sealed and assembled with the cooling groove of the motor shaft through the compression joint, and the front end of the isolation tube extends into the cooling blind hole and is axially connected with the cooling blind hole. The functions of the compression joint are: first, it is used to ensure the axial centrality of the isolation tube when assembled on the motor shaft, which can effectively prevent the isolation tube from radially moving in the cooling groove of the motor shaft, and ensure the stability of the isolation tube when assembled on the motor shaft; second, it is used to isolate the cooling flow channel in the cooling groove and the isolation tube, to prevent the mutual cross-flow in the cooling groove and the isolation tube and destroy the circulating cooling of the internal cooling water flow channel between the motor shaft and the rotor, and the structure is stable.

[0010] In the above-mentioned water-cooled motor, the middle position of the rear end cover has a cylindrical connection seat that is convexly arranged, the end of the connection seat has an oil seal seat that is sealed and fixedly connected to the connection seat, the rear end of the motor shaft axially extends to between the connection seat and the oil seal seat, the first water inlet pipe joint is fixedly arranged on the oil seal seat, the first water inlet pipe joint and the isolation pipe are opposite to each other in the same axial direction, the first water outlet pipe joint is fixedly arranged on the connection seat, and the first water outlet pipe joint is radially connected to the cooling groove. The purpose of this arrangement is to isolate the cooling cycle of the first water inlet pipe joint and the first water outlet pipe joint, ensure that the two are relatively independent in cooling cycle, and have a stable structure.

[0011] In the above-mentioned water-cooled motor, a first oil seal is arranged between the connecting seat and the motor shaft, a second oil seal is arranged between the oil seal seat and the motor shaft, the first oil seal and the second oil seal are axially spaced and matched to form an annular channel, and radially arranged through holes are circumferentially spaced on the motor shaft between the first oil seal and the second oil seal, and the cooling groove is connected to the first water outlet pipe joint through the through holes, the annular channel. The purpose of such arrangement is to make the motor shaft always have a relatively closed annular channel in the rotating state, the through holes on the motor shaft are always radially connected to the annular channel, and the docking structure of the cooling channel is stable.

[0012] In the above-mentioned water-cooled motor, the external water cooling channel includes a second water inlet pipe joint and a second water outlet pipe joint, both of which are arranged on the motor housing. The stator is provided with an inner sleeve that is sealed with the motor housing. An external cooling water channel is arranged between the inner sleeve and the motor housing. The water inlet of the external cooling water channel is connected to the second water inlet pipe joint, and the water outlet of the external cooling water channel is connected to the second water outlet pipe joint. In actual manufacturing, the size of the inner sleeve is thinner in the middle, and the size of the two ends of the inner sleeve is thicker. The purpose of such setting is: the inner sleeve is used to form a water barrier layer, the middle is thin, the heat transfer is fast, and it is easy to deform. Under the action of water pressure, it is close to the stator surface to improve the heat transfer effect of the stator; the two ends are thick, the strength is large and it is not easy to deform, and it is in sealed contact with the two ends of the motor housing, and the sealing is reliable; in actual assembly, the motor housing and the inner sleeve are interference fit, and the positioning is accurate during assembly. When the inner sleeve is slightly deformed, the water barrier layer will not leak.

[0013] In the above-mentioned water-cooled motor, a cooling water pipe is arranged between the first water outlet pipe joint and the second water inlet pipe joint, and the inner cooling water flow channel and the outer cooling water flow channel are connected through the cooling water pipe for internal and external cooling of the motor. The cooling water pipe is externally arranged for water cooling circulation, which is convenient for disassembly, maintenance and use.

[0014] In the above-mentioned water-cooled motor, epoxy resins for supporting the two ends of the inner sleeve are respectively arranged in the motor housing at the two ends of the stator, and the front cover, the rear cover and the corresponding epoxy resins are closely matched. The epoxy resins at the two ends enhance the strength of the inner sleeve, ensure that the water barrier does not leak, and are conducive to the fixation and heat conduction of the exposed coils at the two ends of the stator.

[0015] In the above-mentioned water-cooled motor, a one-way valve is provided on the front cover, and the one-way valve is used to connect with the negative pressure pipe. The motor housing is connected with the negative pressure pipe through the one-way valve, and the motor housing is evacuated through the negative pressure pipe, so that the stator and the inner sleeve are fully close to each other.

[0016] In the above-mentioned water-cooled motor, the rear end cover is provided with a vent hole, and the vent hole is blocked with a vent plug. The vent plug is used to destroy the vacuum in the motor when disassembling the motor, which is convenient for disassembly and use.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this water-cooled motor are: it has a reasonable and simple structural design, and the motor shaft, rotor, and stator share integrated cooling. In particular, major structural improvements have been made to the first internal circulation cooling of the motor shaft and rotor of the motor. The heat generated by eddy current loss in the rotor can be taken away, effectively reducing the temperature of the rotor, thereby avoiding thermal demagnetization of the motor in a high temperature environment, and ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the motor; the motor has high power usage and a long service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the water-cooled motor.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a left-side structural schematic diagram of the water-cooled motor.

[0020] In the figure, 1, motor outer shell; 2, front end cover; 3, rear end cover; 4, stator; 5, rotor; 6, motor shaft; 7, front bearing; 8, rear bearing; 9, first water inlet pipe joint; 10, first water outlet pipe joint; 11, cooling groove; 12, cooling blind hole; 13, radial front connecting hole; 14, radial rear connecting hole; 15, inner cooling water flow channel; 16, isolation pipe; 17, clamping joint; 18, connecting seat; 19, oil seal seat; 20, first oil seal; 21, second oil seal; 22, annular channel; 23, through hole; 24, second water inlet pipe joint; 25, second water outlet pipe joint; 26, inner bushing; 27, outer cooling water flow channel; 28, cooling water pipe; 29, epoxy resin; 30, one-way valve; 31, vent plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the water-cooled motor is mainly composed of a cylindrical motor housing 1 with openings at both ends, a front end cover 2 and a rear end cover 3 are fixedly connected to the motor housing 1, and the front end cover 2 and the rear end cover 3 are used to close the front and rear ends of the motor housing 1. A stator 4, a rotor 5 and a motor shaft 6 are arranged in the motor housing 1. The front end of the motor shaft 6 extends out of the front end cover 2 and a front bearing 7 is arranged between the front end cover 2 and the motor shaft 6, the rear end of the motor shaft 6 extends out of the rear end cover 3 and a rear bearing 8 is arranged between the rear end cover 3 and the motor shaft 6, the rotor 5 is fixedly matched with the motor shaft 6 in the circumferential direction, the stator 4 is fixed on the inner wall of the motor housing 1 and is located on the outside of the rotor 5 with a gap between the rotor 5, an inner water-cooling channel for cooling the rotor 5 is arranged between the motor shaft 6 and the rotor 5, and an outer water-cooling channel for cooling the stator 4 is arranged on the motor housing 1, and the inner water-cooling channel and the outer water-cooling channel are connected for inner and outer cooling of the motor.

[0023] In actual manufacturing, the inner water cooling channel includes a first water inlet pipe joint 9 and a first water outlet pipe joint 10 both arranged on the rear end cover 3, the motor shaft 6 is provided with a cooling groove 11 axially penetrating the rear end of the motor shaft 6, the bottom of the cooling groove 11 of the motor shaft 6 is provided with a cooling blind hole 12 axially extending forward, the front end of the cooling blind hole 12 of the motor shaft 6 is provided with a radial front connecting hole 13, the rear end of the cooling blind hole 12 of the motor shaft 6 is provided with a radial rear connecting hole 14, an inner cooling water flow channel 15 is provided on the inner wall of the rotor 5, the inner cooling water flow channel 15 is radially connected to the cooling blind hole 12 through the radial front connecting hole 13, and the inner cooling water flow channel 15 is radially connected to the cooling blind hole 12 through the radial The rear connecting hole 14 is radially connected to the cooling groove 11, and water is discharged from the cooling groove 11 through the first water outlet pipe joint 10. The cooling groove 11 of the motor shaft 6 is provided with an isolation tube 16 arranged coaxially, and the isolation tube 16 is axially connected to the cooling blind hole 12, and water is taken in by the isolation tube 16 through the first water inlet pipe joint 9. During actual manufacturing, a compression joint 17 is penetrated through the notch of the cooling groove 11 of the motor shaft 6 in the same axial direction, and the rear end of the isolation tube 16 extends into the compression joint 17. The isolation tube 16 is sealed and assembled with the compression joint 17 and the cooling groove 11 of the motor shaft 6, and the front end of the isolation tube 16 extends into the cooling blind hole 12 and is axially connected to the cooling blind hole 12.

[0024] During actual manufacturing, the middle position of the rear end cover 3 has a cylindrical connecting seat 18 that is convexly arranged, and the end of the connecting seat 18 has an oil seal seat 19 that is sealed and fixedly connected to the connecting seat 18. The rear end of the motor shaft 6 extends axially between the connecting seat 18 and the oil seal seat 19. The first water inlet pipe joint 9 is fixed on the oil seal seat 19. The first water inlet pipe joint 9 and the isolation pipe 16 are opposite to each other in the same axial direction. The first water outlet pipe joint 10 is fixed on the connecting seat 18, and the first water outlet pipe joint 10 is radially connected to the cooling groove 11; a first oil seal 20 is arranged between the connecting seat 18 and the motor shaft 6, and a second oil seal 21 is arranged between the oil seal seat 19 and the motor shaft 6. The first oil seal 20 and the second oil seal 21 are axially spaced to form an annular channel 22. The motor shaft 6 between the first oil seal 20 and the second oil seal 21 is circumferentially spaced with radially arranged through holes 23, and the cooling groove 11 is connected to the first water outlet pipe joint 10 through the through holes 23 and the annular channel 22.

[0025] The cooling cycle of the inner water-cooling channel is as follows: cooling water enters from the first water inlet pipe joint 9, the cooling water flows into the isolation pipe 16, the isolation pipe 16 and the cooling blind hole 12 axially flow, the cooling water flows to the cooling blind hole 12, the cooling blind hole 12 is connected with the inner cooling water flow channel 15 through the radial rear connecting hole 14, the cooling water enters the inner cooling water flow channel 15, the inner cooling water flow channel 15 is connected with the cooling groove 11 through the radial front connecting hole 13, the cooling water enters the cooling groove 11, the cooling groove 11 is connected with the first water outlet pipe joint 10 through the through hole 23 and the annular channel 22, and the cooling water flows out from the first water outlet pipe joint 10.

[0026] During actual manufacturing, the external water cooling channel is mainly composed of a second water inlet pipe joint 24 and a second water outlet pipe joint 25, both of which are arranged on the motor outer shell 1. An inner sleeve 26 that is sealed with the motor outer shell 1 is sleeved on the stator 4, and an external cooling water channel 27 is arranged between the inner sleeve 26 and the motor outer shell 1. The water inlet of the external cooling water channel 27 is connected to the second water inlet pipe joint 24, and the water outlet of the external cooling water channel 27 is connected to the second water outlet pipe joint 25; a cooling water pipe 28 is arranged between the first water outlet pipe joint 10 and the second water inlet pipe joint 24, and the internal cooling water channel 15 and the external cooling water channel 27 are connected through the cooling water pipe 28 for internal and external cooling of the motor; during actual manufacturing, epoxy resins 29 for supporting the two ends of the inner sleeve 26 are respectively arranged in the motor outer shell 1 at both ends of the stator 4, and the front end cover 2, the rear end cover 3 and the corresponding epoxy resins 29 are close together.

[0027] During actual manufacturing, a one-way valve 30 is provided on the front end cover 2, and the one-way valve 30 is used to connect with the negative pressure pipe. The motor outer shell 1 is connected with the negative pressure pipe through the one-way valve 30, and the motor outer shell 1 is evacuated through the negative pressure pipe, so that the stator 4 and the inner sleeve 26 are fully close together; a vent hole is provided on the rear end cover 3, and a vent plug 31 is sealed in the vent hole.

[0028] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to the professional and technical personnel in the field. The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. The technical personnel in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications or supplements to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A water-cooled motor, comprising a cylindrical motor housing with openings at both ends and a front cover and a rear cover for closing both ends of the motor housing, wherein a stator, a rotor and a motor shaft are arranged in the motor housing, the front end of the motor shaft extends out of the front cover and a front bearing is arranged between the front cover and the motor shaft, the rear end of the motor shaft extends out of the rear cover and a rear bearing is arranged between the rear cover and the motor shaft, the rotor is fixedly matched with the motor shaft in the circumferential direction, the stator is fixed on the inner wall of the motor housing and is located on the outside of the rotor and there is a gap between the rotor, characterized in that: An inner water cooling channel for cooling the rotor is provided between the motor shaft and the rotor, an outer water cooling channel for cooling the stator is provided on the motor outer shell, and the inner water cooling channel and the outer water cooling channel are connected for internal and external cooling of the motor; the inner water cooling channel comprises a first water inlet pipe joint and a first water outlet pipe joint both of which are provided on the rear end cover, the motor shaft is provided with a cooling groove axially penetrating the rear end of the motor shaft, the bottom of the cooling groove of the motor shaft is provided with a cooling blind hole axially extending forward, and the front end of the cooling blind hole of the motor shaft is provided with a radial front connecting hole The rear end of the cooling blind hole of the motor shaft has a radial rear connecting hole, and the inner wall of the rotor is provided with an internal cooling water flow channel, and the internal cooling water flow channel is radially connected with the cooling blind hole through the radial front connecting hole, and the internal cooling water flow channel is radially connected with the cooling groove through the radial rear connecting hole, and the cooling groove discharges water through the first water outlet pipe joint, and the cooling groove of the motor shaft has an isolation pipe arranged coaxially, and the isolation pipe is axially connected with the cooling blind hole, and the isolation pipe is supplied with water through the first water inlet pipe joint; the notch of the cooling groove of the motor shaft is axially penetrated with A compression joint, the rear end of the isolation tube extends into the compression joint, the isolation tube is sealed and assembled through the compression joint and the cooling groove of the motor shaft, the front end of the isolation tube extends into the cooling blind hole and is axially connected with the cooling blind hole; the middle position of the rear end cover has a cylindrical connecting seat with an outward protrusion, the end of the connecting seat has an oil seal seat that is sealed and fixedly connected to the connecting seat, the rear end of the motor shaft extends axially between the connecting seat and the oil seal seat, the first water inlet pipe joint is fixed on the oil seal seat, the first water inlet pipe joint and the isolation tube are opposite to each other in the same axial direction, The first water outlet pipe joint is fixed on the connecting seat, and the first water outlet pipe joint is radially connected with the cooling groove; a first oil seal is arranged between the connecting seat and the motor shaft, and a second oil seal is arranged between the oil seal seat and the motor shaft. The first oil seal and the second oil seal are axially spaced and cooperated to form an annular channel, and radially arranged through holes are circumferentially spaced on the motor shaft between the first oil seal and the second oil seal, and the cooling groove is connected with the first water outlet pipe joint through the through hole and the annular channel; an air vent is arranged on the rear end cover, and an air vent plug is sealed in the air vent.

2. A water-cooled motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end cover is provided with a one-way valve, which is used to be connected with the negative pressure pipe.

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