Permanent magnet type electric heating multi-energy flexible magnetic control power generation device and topological structure parameter determination method

Abstract

The invention relates to a permanent magnet type electric heating multi-energy flexible magnetic control power generation device and a topological structure parameter determination method. The device comprises a power generation stator, a heating stator, a rotor, a winding and a permanent magnet which are deployed according to a preset topological structure and preset topological structure parameters, wherein the permanent magnet is excited in the radial direction; the permanent magnet is used for establishing working magnetic flux of the device; the rotor drives the permanent magnet to rotate to generate an alternating magnetic field; the power generation stator and the winding form a power generation part, and the heating stator is a heating part. The preset topological structure comprises any one of an axial integrated topological structure and a radial integrated topological structure; the preset topological structure parameters comprise power generation part topological structure parameters, heating part topological structure parameters, permanent magnet parameters and rotor parameters. The device can meet the requirements of large-scale development and utilization of the permanent magnet type electric heating multi-energy flexible magnetic control power generation device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of new energy power generation technology, and in particular to a permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetically controlled power generation device and a method for determining topological structure parameters. Background Art

[0002] Wind power generation technology is one of the mainstream new energy power generation technologies in my country. The large-scale increase in wind power installed capacity has made the intermittent and volatile characteristics of wind power increasingly prominent, resulting in the inability of the power grid to effectively absorb it and frequent wind abandonment. At the same time, with the development of the economy and the further improvement of social living standards, higher requirements have been put forward for the types and quality of energy in social production and daily life, especially for thermal energy.

[0003] The concept of wind thermal system was then proposed. This system converts all wind energy into thermal energy for reuse, effectively solving the problems of intermittent and volatile wind energy and having good economic efficiency. However, the overall efficiency of this technical solution is low, and thermal energy cannot be transmitted over long distances, which cannot adapt to the long distance between the energy production and consumption ends in my country. Therefore, the electric-thermal multi-energy flexible magnetic control power generation technology that considers the flexible conversion of wind energy into electrical energy and thermal energy at the same time was proposed. This technology realizes the simultaneous conversion of wind energy into electrical energy and thermal energy through an electric-thermal multi-energy flexible magnetic control power generation device. This technology first meets the energy demand in the power grid, and then converts the excess wind energy into thermal energy for storage or utilization. This solution can effectively improve the overall efficiency of the system and solve the problem of wind energy utilization. However, the theoretical design method for the electric-thermal multi-energy flexible magnetic control power generation device has not yet been proposed, which cannot meet the needs of subsequent large-scale development and utilization of this technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetic control power generation device and a method for determining topological structure parameters to address the above-mentioned technical problems, which will help meet the needs of large-scale development and utilization of permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetic control power generation devices.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetically controlled power generation device, which includes: a power generation stator, a heating stator, a rotor, a winding and a permanent magnet excited along the radial direction, which are deployed according to a preset topology and preset topology parameters; the permanent magnet is used to establish the working magnetic flux of the device, and the rotor drives the permanent magnet to rotate to generate an alternating magnetic field; the power generation stator and the winding constitute the power generation part, and the heating stator is the heating part; the preset topology includes any one of an axially integrated topology and a radially integrated topology; the preset topology parameters include power generation part topology parameters, heating part topology parameters, permanent magnet parameters and rotor parameters.

[0006] In one embodiment, the preset topology is an axially integrated topology; the power generation part and the heat generation part are arranged axially, the permanent magnet includes a first permanent magnet for excitation of the power generation part and a second permanent magnet for forming a working magnetic flux in the heat generation part, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are spatially isolated.

[0007] In one of the embodiments, the preset topology structure is a radially integrated topology structure; the power generation part and the heat generation part are radially divided into an inner and outer arrangement, the permanent magnet and the rotor are installed between the power generation part and the heat generation part, and the permanent magnet is installed on the inner and outer sides of the rotor; the permanent magnet installed on the outside of the rotor is used for excitation of the power generation part, and the permanent magnet installed on the inside of the rotor is used for forming a working magnetic flux in the heat generation part.

[0008] In one embodiment, the permanent magnets installed inside and outside the rotor are connected in series and have the same polarity arrangement.

[0009] In one embodiment, the permanent magnets installed on the inner and outer sides of the rotor are connected in parallel and have opposite polarities; a magnetic isolation ring is installed inside the rotor to separate the inner and outer magnetic circuits.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, the core of the generating stator is made of ferrosilicon soft magnetic alloy that meets the preset carbon content conditions; the core of the heating stator is made of soft magnetic material that meets the preset conductivity conditions and thermal conductivity conditions; the permanent magnet should meet at least one of the preset air gap magnetic field conditions, mechanical strength conditions, flexibility conditions and high temperature resistance conditions.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a method for determining topological structure parameters, which is applied to the permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetically controlled power generation device in the first aspect, and the method comprises:

[0012] Obtain the rated parameters of the device, the preliminary parameters of the permanent magnet and the preliminary parameters of the heating part; the rated parameters include the rated power generation, rated voltage and number of pole pairs; the preliminary parameters include the pole arc coefficient;

[0013] Determine the topological parameters of the power generation part according to the rated parameters of the device;

[0014] Determine the permanent magnet parameters according to the initial version parameters;

[0015] According to the preliminary parameters and power conditions, the topology parameters of the heat generation part are determined.

[0016] In one embodiment, determining the topological structure parameters of the power generation part according to the rated parameters of the device includes:

[0017] Obtain stator slot parameters and conductor parameters; stator slot parameters include the number of conductors accommodated in each slot, stator slot depth, yoke height, area of ​​conductors that can be accommodated in each slot, and effective area of ​​stator slots; conductor parameters include line load, number of parallel-wound conductors, number of parallel branches of windings, and cross-sectional area of ​​each bare copper conductor;

[0018] Determine the rated current according to the rated parameters of the device;

[0019] According to the number of conductors accommodated in each slot, determine the number of conductors in series per phase;

[0020] Determine the inner diameter of the generator stator core according to the line load, the number of series conductors per phase and the rated current;

[0021] Determine the outer diameter of the generator stator core according to the stator slot depth, yoke height and the inner diameter of the generator stator core;

[0022] The winding wire diameter that meets the wire cross-sectional area conditions and slot fill rate conditions is determined based on the number of parallel-wound conductors, the number of parallel branches, the rated current, the current density of the permanent magnet generator, the cross-sectional area of ​​each bare copper conductor, the area that each slot can accommodate the conductor, and the effective area of ​​the stator slot.

[0023] In one embodiment, determining the permanent magnet parameters according to the preliminary version parameters includes:

[0024] According to the pole arc coefficient and the pole pitch of the power generation part, the pole arc length of the permanent magnet is determined, and the pole arc length is used as the width of the permanent magnet;

[0025] Determine the length of the permanent magnet based on the pole pitch of the power generation part and the preset size ratio;

[0026] Determine the value of the air gap magnetic induction intensity provided by the permanent magnet according to the magnetic flux per pole, the pole arc coefficient, and the pole pitch of the power generation part;

[0027] The end face coefficient of the permanent magnet is determined according to the remanence of the permanent magnet, the air gap magnetic induction intensity value, the length of the permanent magnet and the width of the permanent magnet. Based on the end face coefficient, the thickness of the permanent magnet is obtained by looking up the table.

[0028] In one embodiment, the preliminary parameters include rotor thickness, inner air gap length and rotor outer diameter; the preliminary parameters and power conditions are used to determine the topological structure parameters of the heat generating part, including:

[0029] Determine the outer diameter of the heating stator core according to the rotor thickness, inner air gap length and rotor outer diameter;

[0030] The inner diameter of the heating stator core is determined based on power conditions and structural constraints.

[0031] The above-mentioned permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetically controlled power generation device and the method for determining the topological structure parameters, by comprehensively considering the coupling effect of multiple physical fields, deploy the power generation stator, heating stator, rotor, winding and permanent magnets excited along the radial direction according to the preset topological structure and preset topological structure parameters. The power generation stator and the winding together constitute the power generation part, and the power generation function can be realized based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction; the heating stator is the heating part of the device, and the heating function can be realized based on the eddy current effect; the topological structure design of the device takes into account comprehensive factors, and can effectively solve the design problems caused by the complex multi-physical field coupling characteristics of the device, and can form topological structure parameters with complete functions that meet basic needs, which provides theoretical guidance for the development of permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetically controlled power generation devices, and is conducive to meeting the needs of large-scale development and utilization of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or related technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetically controlled power generation device in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an axially integrated topology structure in one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a serial connection mode of inner and outer permanent magnets in one embodiment;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a parallel connection mode of inner and outer permanent magnets in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for determining topological structure parameters in one embodiment;

[0038] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of output voltage under rated working conditions in one embodiment;

[0039] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of output power under rated working conditions in one embodiment;

[0040] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of magnetic induction intensity distribution at rated speed in one embodiment;

[0041] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the overall process of determining topology parameters in one embodiment;

[0042] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a serial connection mode of inner and outer permanent magnets in one embodiment;

[0043] Fig.11 A comparison diagram of the heat generation of silicon steel sheets and low-carbon steel used in the heat generating part of an embodiment;

[0044] Fig.12 A structural block diagram of a device for determining topological structure parameters in one embodiment;

[0045] Fig.13 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0047] like Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a permanent magnet type electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetic control power generation device provided in some embodiments. The permanent magnet type electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetic control power generation device comprises a power generation stator 101, a heat generation stator 102, a rotor 103, a winding 104, and a permanent magnet 105 for radial excitation. In some embodiments, the device may also include a waterway 106 and a waterway arm 107. The permanent magnet 105 is used to establish the working magnetic flux of the device, and the rotor 103 drives the permanent magnet 105 to rotate to generate an alternating magnetic field; the power generation stator 101 and the winding 104 constitute the power generation part, and the heat generation stator 102 is the heat generation part.

[0048] The preset topology structure includes any one of an axially integrated topology structure and a radially integrated topology structure. The axially integrated topology structure mainly refers to the power generation part and the heat generation part being distributed along the axial direction, and the radially integrated topology structure mainly refers to the power generation part and the heat generation part being divided into inner and outer arrangements along the radial direction.

[0049] The preset topological structure parameters include the topological structure parameters of the power generation part, the topological structure parameters of the heating part, the permanent magnet parameters and the rotor parameters. Among them, the topological structure parameters of the power generation part mainly refer to the parameters of the various components of the power generation part, which may include the inner diameter of the power generation stator core, the outer diameter of the power generation stator core, the number of series conductors per phase, the winding wire diameter, etc. The topological structure parameters of the heating part mainly refer to the parameters of the heating stator, which may include the outer diameter of the heating stator core, the inner diameter of the heating stator core, etc. The permanent magnet parameters mainly refer to the size parameters of the permanent magnet, which may include the length of the permanent magnet, the width of the permanent magnet, the thickness of the permanent magnet, etc. The rotor parameters mainly refer to the size parameters of the rotor, which may include the outer diameter of the rotor, etc.

[0050] The above-mentioned permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetically controlled power generation device, by comprehensively considering the coupling effect of multiple physical fields, deploys the power generation stator, heating stator, rotor, winding and permanent magnets excited along the radial direction according to the preset topological structure and preset topological structure parameters. The power generation stator and winding together constitute the power generation part, and the power generation function can be realized based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction; the heating stator is the heating part of the device, and the heating function can be realized based on the eddy current effect; the topological structure design of the device takes into account comprehensive factors, which can effectively solve the design problems caused by the complex multi-physical field coupling characteristics of the device, and can form a topological structure parameter with complete functions that meets basic needs, which provides theoretical guidance for the development of permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetically controlled power generation devices, and is conducive to meeting the needs of large-scale development and utilization of the device.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, the preset topology is an axially integrated topology; the power generation part and the heat generation part are arranged axially, the permanent magnet includes a first permanent magnet for excitation of the power generation part and a second permanent magnet for forming a working magnetic flux in the heat generation part, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are spatially isolated.

[0052] Among them, Figure 2 The figure shows a schematic diagram of an axially integrated topological structure proposed in some embodiments. 108 is a magnetic isolation material. When the device adopts an axially integrated topological structure, the power generation part and the heat generation part are arranged axially, so that the power generation part and the heat generation part are separated in space. Since the permanent magnet adopts a radial magnetization scheme, when the permanent magnet is arranged axially and separated in space, the permanent magnets of the power generation part and the heat generation part will not have a magnetic connection at this time, and decoupling can be achieved.

[0053] In this embodiment, an axially integrated topological structure is adopted, and the permanent magnets of the power generation part and the heat generation part will not have magnetic connection, so decoupling can be achieved.

[0054] In an exemplary embodiment, the preset topology is a radially integrated topology; the power generation part and the heat generation part are radially divided into inner and outer arrangements, the permanent magnets and the rotor are installed between the power generation part and the heat generation part, and the permanent magnets are installed on the inner and outer sides of the rotor; the permanent magnets installed on the outside of the rotor are used for excitation of the power generation part, and the permanent magnets installed on the inside of the rotor are used for forming working magnetic flux in the heat generation part.

[0055] Among them, when the device adopts a radial integrated topology structure, the power generation part and the heat generation part are arranged radially into inside and outside, and the permanent magnets are installed on the inside and outside of the rotor. Among them, the permanent magnets installed on the outside of the rotor are used for excitation of the power generation part, and the permanent magnets installed on the inside of the rotor are used for forming working magnetic flux in the heat generation part.

[0056] In this embodiment, a radial integrated topology structure is adopted, and the permanent magnets distributed inside and outside will interact in the rotor part, with only a small amount of magnetic coupling.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, the permanent magnets installed inside and outside the rotor are connected in series and have the same polarity arrangement.

[0058] In order to further reduce or completely eliminate the magnetic coupling of the radial integrated topology structure, the inner and outer permanent magnets can be connected in series. Figure 3 109 is a schematic diagram of a series connection method of inner and outer permanent magnets proposed in some embodiments. 109 represents a power generation part, Figure 3 The topological structure of the inner and outer permanent magnets connected in series and the magnetic circuit diagram in series are respectively included. The permanent magnets installed on the inner and outer sides of the rotor are connected in series, and the polarity arrangement of the inner and outer permanent magnets is the same.

[0059] In this embodiment, the inner and outer permanent magnets are connected in series. Since like magnets repel each other, the portion of the magnetic flux generated by the inner and outer permanent magnets flowing through the rotor and interacting with each other is reduced, thereby reducing the degree of coupling.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment, the permanent magnets installed on the inner and outer sides of the rotor are connected in parallel and have opposite polarity arrangements; a magnetic isolation ring is installed inside the rotor to separate the inner and outer magnetic circuits.

[0061] In order to further reduce or completely eliminate the magnetic coupling of the radial integrated topology structure, the inner and outer permanent magnets can be connected in parallel. Figure 4 109 is a schematic diagram of the parallel connection of inner and outer permanent magnets proposed in some embodiments. 109 represents the power generation part, Figure 4 The figure includes the topological structure of the inner and outer permanent magnets connected in parallel, and the magnetic circuit diagram of the parallel connection. The permanent magnets installed on the inside and outside of the rotor are connected in parallel, and the polarity of the inner and outer permanent magnets is arranged in opposite directions. In this way, the magnetic lines of force in the rotor yoke pass through the rotor core in the circumferential direction. At this time, a magnetic isolation ring with good magnetic isolation performance can be installed inside the rotor to separate the inner and outer magnetic circuits. For example, an aluminum magnetic isolation ring can be used to further prevent the inner and outer magnetic circuits from interfering with each other. However, due to the addition of a magnetic isolation ring, the rotor core thickness of the permanent magnet surface-mounted magnetic circuit parallel structure is relatively large.

[0062] In this embodiment, the inner and outer permanent magnets are connected in parallel, and a magnetic isolation ring is installed inside the rotor. Since the magnetic isolation ring can isolate the inner and outer magnetic circuits, it can effectively prevent the inner and outer magnetic circuits from interfering with each other.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment, the core of the generating stator is made of a ferrosilicon soft magnetic alloy that meets a preset carbon content condition; the core of the heating stator is made of a soft magnetic material that meets preset electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity conditions; the permanent magnet should meet at least one of the preset air gap magnetic field conditions, mechanical strength conditions, flexibility conditions, and high temperature resistance conditions.

[0064] Among them, the following selection principles can be adopted for the selection of materials for each component in the device.

[0065] For the core of the generator stator, a ferrosilicon soft magnetic alloy with a carbon content lower than a preset carbon content value is used. Since the main function of the generator part is to achieve electrical energy output, the selection of this material can reduce other losses of the generator part except for power generation.

[0066] The material selection for permanent magnets should take into account the working conditions of the motor. The preset air gap magnetic field condition can be a permanent magnet that can generate a magnetic field exceeding the preset air gap magnetic field. The mechanical strength condition can be a permanent magnet whose coercive force exceeds the preset coercive force value and whose intrinsic coercive force exceeds the preset intrinsic coercive force value; since the heat-generating stator part uses eddy current heating, the greater the residual magnetism of the permanent magnet, the greater the eddy current it induces, and the greater the heating power. Therefore, the permanent magnet should also meet the preset residual magnetism condition, for example, the residual magnetism exceeds the preset residual magnetism amount.

[0067] Specifically, the material selection rules for permanent magnets can be as follows: 1) Since the constant magnetic field of the permanent magnet works in a very strong alternating magnetic field, permanent magnets with high coercive force, intrinsic coercive force, remanence, and magnetic energy product should be selected; 2) From the perspective of the eddy current heating method used in the heat-generating stator part, the larger the remanence of the permanent magnet, the larger the eddy current it induces, and the greater the heating power. Therefore, permanent magnets with higher remanence are selected; 3) It can generate a sufficiently large air gap magnetic field to meet performance requirements; 4) Permanent magnets with high mechanical strength and good flexibility should be selected to facilitate processing and assembly, and have a high cost-effectiveness; 5) It should be able to withstand high temperatures under certain conditions without causing obvious demagnetization.

[0068] For the core of the heating stator, 1) the heating material should be soft magnetic material. The remanence of soft magnetic material is small, and the hysteresis loop is strip-shaped. Under the action of the alternating magnetic field, the soft magnetic material is repeatedly magnetized and demagnetized. Its hysteresis loss is small and the magnetic saturation intensity is high, and the eddy current loss increases accordingly. 2) The electrical conductivity of the heating material should be high. Under the action of the alternating magnetic field, the higher the electrical conductivity of the selected heating material, the greater the eddy current thermal power. 3) The thermal conductivity of the heating material should be good. In order to ensure that the heat generated by the eddy current thermal effect can be transferred to the heat storage device in time, to avoid damage to the motor due to excessive temperature.

[0069] In this embodiment, by selecting materials for various components in the device according to certain rules, it is beneficial to increase the power generation power and heating power, and reduce the power generation loss and heating loss.

[0070] The present application embodiment proposes a method for determining topological structure parameters, such as Figure 5 As shown, the method applied to the above-mentioned permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetic control power generation device includes:

[0071] Step 502, obtaining the rated parameters of the device, the preliminary parameters of the permanent magnet and the preliminary parameters of the heating part; the rated parameters include the rated power generation, the rated voltage and the number of pole pairs; the preliminary parameters include the pole arc coefficient.

[0072] Step 504, determine the topological structure parameters of the power generation part according to the rated parameters of the device; determine the permanent magnet parameters according to the preliminary parameters; determine the topological structure parameters of the heating part according to the preliminary parameters and power conditions.

[0073] Among them, the rated parameters of the device mainly refer to the rated parameters of the power generation part, including rated power generation, rated voltage, number of pole pairs, etc. Each rated parameter should meet certain conditions. The rated parameters of the device can be mainly used to determine the topological parameters of the power generation part. Figure 6 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of output voltage under rated working conditions proposed in some embodiments. Figure 7 The output power diagram under rated working conditions proposed in some embodiments is shown. The initial version parameters of the permanent magnet include the pole arc coefficient, which can be, for example, 0.55 to 0.75. The initial version parameters of the permanent magnet are mainly used to determine the permanent magnet parameters.

[0074] The preliminary parameters of the heating part include the inner air gap length, etc. The power condition refers to the heating power condition, which is mainly used to determine the topological structure parameters of the heating part. The inner diameter and outer diameter of the heating stator jointly determine the total volume of the heating part. After the outer diameter of the heating stator is determined, the volume of the heating part can be changed by adjusting the inner diameter of the heating stator, thereby changing the heating power. Of course, due to the skin effect, the effective heating volume will not increase infinitely with the increase of the total volume of the heating part. There is an upper limit. How to find the optimal inner diameter of the heating stator needs to be adjusted through finite element simulation.

[0075] The above-mentioned method for determining topological structure parameters is applied to a permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetically controlled power generation device. By comprehensively considering the coupling effect of multiple physical fields, the power generation stator, heating stator, rotor, winding and radially excited permanent magnets are deployed according to a preset topological structure and preset topological structure parameters. The power generation stator and the winding together constitute the power generation part, and the power generation function can be realized based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction; the heating stator is the heating part of the device, and the heating function can be realized based on the eddy current effect; the topological structure design of the device takes into account comprehensive factors, and can effectively solve the design problems caused by the complex multi-physical field coupling characteristics of the device, and can form topological structure parameters with complete functions that meet basic needs, which provides theoretical guidance for the development of permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetically controlled power generation devices, and is conducive to meeting the needs of large-scale development and utilization of the device.

[0076] In an exemplary embodiment, the topological parameters of the power generation part are determined according to the rated parameters of the device, including: obtaining stator slot parameters and conductor parameters; the stator slot parameters include the number of conductors accommodated in each slot, the stator slot depth, the yoke height, the area that each slot can accommodate conductors and the effective area of ​​the stator slot; the conductor parameters include the line load, the number of parallel-wound conductors, the number of parallel branches of the winding and the cross-sectional area of ​​each bare copper conductor; the rated current is determined according to the rated parameters of the device; the number of series conductors per phase is determined according to the number of conductors accommodated in each slot; the inner diameter of the power generation stator core is determined according to the line load, the number of series conductors per phase and the rated current; the outer diameter of the power generation stator core is determined according to the stator slot depth, the yoke height and the inner diameter of the power generation stator core; the winding wire diameter that meets the conductor cross-sectional area condition and the slot fill rate condition is determined according to the number of parallel-wound conductors, the number of parallel branches, the rated current, the current density of the permanent magnet generator, the cross-sectional area of ​​each bare copper conductor, the area that each slot can accommodate conductors, and the effective area of ​​the stator slot.

[0077] Among them, in order to determine the inner and outer diameters of the power generation nail, the winding wire diameter and the number of winding turns, it is also necessary to obtain multiple stator slot parameters and wire parameters. The stator slot parameters include but are not limited to the number of conductors accommodated in each slot, the stator slot depth, the yoke height, the area that each slot can accommodate conductors and the effective area of ​​the stator slot; the wire parameters include but are not limited to the line load, the number of parallel wound wires, the number of parallel branches of the winding and the cross-sectional area of ​​each bare copper wire.

[0078] In some embodiments, the relationship between the rated parameters of each device needs to be as follows:

[0079]

[0080] Among them, the rated power generation P EN , rated voltage U N , rated speed n N , rated frequency f, number of phases m, number of pole pairs p, rated power factor Rated current I N , where P EN , U N And p can be determined by the designer according to his own needs, the number of motor phases m can be 3, the rated frequency can be 50Hz, and the rated power factor of the motor can generally be greater than 0.9, for example, it can be 0.95. The rated speed and rated current of the power generation part can be determined by this formula.

[0081] The number of conductors connected in series per phase refers to the number of winding turns per phase. In some embodiments, the number of conductors connected in series per phase can be determined by referring to the following formula:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, Ns is the number of conductors accommodated in each slot, that is, the number of winding turns that can be accommodated in each slot, N is the number of series conductors per phase, a is the number of parallel branches of the winding, and Z is the number of stator slots.

[0084] The inner diameter of the generator stator core is the basis for subsequent design, but because some parameters cannot be calculated in advance, it can only be estimated at this time, that is, referring to the empirical data of permanent magnet generators with similar pole numbers and similar rated powers that have been in actual operation. In addition, the formula can be used for preliminary design, and then modified according to the actual design data. In some embodiments, the determination of the inner diameter of the generator stator core can refer to the following formula:

[0085]

[0086] Among them, D o1 is the inner diameter of the generator stator core, and A is the line load. During the preliminary design, an appropriate line load value can be selected, and the number of series conductors per phase can be estimated to calculate the preliminary inner diameter of the generator stator core, and then corrected later. For example, the line load should be limited to A=300~600A / cm.

[0087] After determining the inner diameter of the generator stator core, you can also select the slot type of the generator stator core. Common slot types for motors include pear-shaped slots, semi-open slots, trapezoidal slots, and open slots. Generally, the design methods of different slot types are slightly different. Here you can refer to the parameters of similar power motors to determine the relevant parameters.

[0088] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the generator stator core may be determined by referring to the following formula:

[0089] D o2 =D o1 +2(h+h j )

[0090] Among them, D o2 is the outer diameter of the generator stator core, h is the stator slot depth, h j The yoke is high.

[0091] After completing the design of the topological structure parameters of the generator stator core, some settings can be made for the winding. First, the winding wire diameter is selected. Suppose the bare copper wire diameter of the selected round copper enameled wire is d l , it is necessary to select an appropriate number of parallel winding wires n so that the cross-sectional area of ​​each bare copper wire S d At the same time, the conductor cross-sectional area conditions in the following formula are met:

[0092]

[0093] Where n is the number of parallel-wound conductors, in units of roots, and a is the number of parallel branches of the winding. These two parameters can be selected by the designer. ais the current density of the permanent magnet generator, in A / mm 2 , generally 3~4.5A / mm 2 , the current density needs to meet this limit during design, so as to select the winding wire diameter d l .

[0094] When selecting the number of winding turns, in order to facilitate winding, the area of ​​the slot occupied by the winding must also meet the slot fill rate condition. The slot fill rate S is defined as f The area S that each slot can accommodate is the conductor L Ratio of effective area of ​​stator slots S ef , is used to indicate the degree of insulated wire allowed to be filled in the slot, which should be controlled at 75% to 80%. The slot filling rate can be calculated by the following formula:

[0095]

[0096] In this embodiment, the rated current is determined by the rated parameters of the device, and the inner and outer diameters of the stator core, the winding wire diameter and the number of winding turns are determined by the stator slot parameters and the conductor parameters, thereby determining the topological structure parameters of the power generation part, which is conducive to meeting the needs of large-scale development and utilization of the device.

[0097] In an exemplary embodiment, the permanent magnet parameters are determined according to the preliminary parameters, including: determining the pole arc length of the permanent magnet according to the pole arc coefficient and the pole pitch of the power generation part, and using the pole arc length as the permanent magnet width; determining the permanent magnet length based on the pole pitch of the power generation part and a preset size ratio; determining the air gap magnetic induction intensity value provided by the permanent magnet according to the magnetic flux per pole, the pole arc coefficient, and the pole pitch of the power generation part; determining the end face coefficient of the permanent magnet according to the residual magnetism of the permanent magnet, the air gap magnetic induction intensity value, the permanent magnet length and the permanent magnet width, and obtaining the permanent magnet thickness by looking up the table based on the end face coefficient.

[0098] Among them, the permanent magnet in the power generation part is the only source of the working magnetic flux of the power generation part of the device, so theoretical design is required to ensure that it can meet the working requirements of the device.

[0099] The effective length of the device is the distance that the device extends in the axial direction. The determination of the effective length will help the design of the permanent magnet, which determines the pole arc coefficient and thickness of the permanent magnet. The effective length L ef It is related to its size ratio λ. The size ratio λ refers to the ratio of the effective length of the motor to the pole pitch of the power generation part. It reflects the proportional relationship between the axial and radial directions of the motor. When the size ratio decreases, the motor will be flatter, and when the size ratio increases, the motor will become slender. The size ratio is only used to select the effective length L of the motor. efλ can represent the structural characteristics of the generator, and its size affects its operating performance, cooling method, manufacturing cost and manufacturing process. The selection of λ value should be appropriate. Too large a λ value will make the generator slender and difficult to cool. Although a small λ value is convenient for cooling, it will also reduce the material utilization rate. λ needs to satisfy the following formula:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, τ1 is the pole pitch of the power generation part, which can be determined when the pole slot is designed, D r2 It is the outer diameter of the rotor, which is the inner diameter of the stator minus the air gap. Generally, the air gap ranges from about 0.5 to 2.5 mm, which is limited by the power of the equipment.

[0102] When the segmented design is not adopted, the permanent magnet length b m Equal to the effective length L of the device ef For this device, since its rated speed is not high, the permanent magnet part does not adopt a segmented design. It can be considered that b m =L ef .

[0103] The size of the permanent magnet includes the permanent magnet width a m , permanent magnet length b m And the thickness h in the magnetization direction m To determine the size of a permanent magnet, the pole arc length of the permanent magnet should be determined Pole arc length of permanent magnet Refers to the arc length of the magnetic pole, which determines the waveform of the AC current of the permanent magnet generator, the air gap magnetic induction intensity distribution curve B(x), the uniformity of the air gap, and the degree of magnetic circuit saturation. P The actual arc length The difference is very small, so the polar arc length It can be obtained by the following formula:

[0104]

[0105] b p =α p τ1

[0106] Among them, α P is the pole arc coefficient, which can be 0.55 to 0.75. For example, when the air gap magnetic induction intensity distribution curve B(x) is a sinusoidal distribution, α P =2 / π=0.637.

[0107] Width of permanent magnet m The polar arc length b can be approximated P .

[0108] The air gap magnetic induction intensity value B provided by the permanent magnet δm Satisfies the following formula:

[0109] Φ=B δm α P τ2L ef

[0110]

[0111] Among them, B r is the remanence of the permanent magnet, with the unit of T, which is related to the material and brand of the permanent magnet and can be obtained by querying the manufacturer's product parameters; σ is the leakage coefficient, which is generally taken as 1.05, and Φ is the magnetic flux per pole.

[0112] The end face coefficient K of the permanent magnet can be calculated by the above formula: m , and then by looking up the empirical parameter table, the recommended permanent magnet thickness h is obtained m .

[0113] The magnetic flux per pole Φ can be determined by the following formula:

[0114] E=4K Nm f dp Φ

[0115] Among them, K Nm K is the air gap magnetic field waveform coefficient, generally taken as 1.11; dp is the fundamental winding coefficient, which is related to the number of slots per pole per phase q, the slot angle α and the winding pitch y; Φ is the magnetic flux per pole, the unit is Wb. In the formula, E is the rated phase electromotive force calculated based on the designed rated voltage, and f is the rated frequency, which are known quantities.

[0116] Among them, the fundamental wave winding coefficient K dp Depends on the design of the pole-slot combination, the fundamental winding factor K dp Satisfies the following formula:

[0117]

[0118] Among them, K d is the winding distribution coefficient; K p is the winding short-pitch coefficient; q is the number of slots per pole per phase, which must be a fraction, otherwise it will be difficult to start; y is the winding pitch expressed by the number of stator slots.

[0119] Among them, the calculation formula for the slot pitch angle α and the number of slots per pole per phase q is:

[0120]

[0121] Wherein, b is the integer part of the slot; c / d is the fractional part of the slot. When d=2p, the smaller c is, the easier it is to start. c and d have no clear physical meaning. They are only a criterion for selecting whether a parameter per pole per phase is appropriate. After a parameter of the number of slots per pole per phase is calculated, it can be expressed in the form of b+c / d and judged according to the standard.

[0122] The pole pitch is expressed as τ1 using the number of stator slots, and the calculation formula is:

[0123]

[0124] It can be seen from the formula that the fundamental wave winding coefficient K dp The size of will affect the size of the phase potential E, and the phase potential E will affect the size of the output power P. Fundamental wave winding coefficient K dp The larger the phase potential E is, the larger the power P will be. So if you want to increase the power P, the fundamental wave winding coefficient K dp The larger the better. In order to make the fundamental wave winding coefficient K dp If the value is large, the number of slots per pole per phase q and the winding pitch y must be reduced.

[0125] Large q value and large pitch y will not only reduce K dp The value of will also increase the length of the winding end connection, thereby increasing the copper consumption, increasing copper loss, and increasing the additional loss and temperature rise of the generator. The use of distributed windings can make the electromotive force waveform more sinusoidal, and the use of short-distance windings is conducive to weakening high-order harmonics, so double-layer short-distance distributed windings should be selected to make the output voltage waveform closer to a sine wave. When the number of slots per pole per phase q is larger, the overall trend of the distribution coefficient of the harmonic electromotive force becomes smaller, and the effect of suppressing the harmonic electromotive force is better. However, if q is too large, the cost of the motor will increase, so the q value should be selected appropriately.

[0126] When the coil pitch is properly selected, the short-distance coefficient of a certain harmonic can be made very small or even zero, which can weaken or eliminate the harmonic. Therefore, using short-distance windings can also weaken harmonics. If you want to eliminate the vth harmonic electromotive force, you need to satisfy the following formula:

[0127]

[0128] Combined with the pole pitch τ1, the selected pitch y value needs to conform to the following formula:

[0129]

[0130] Among them, k pv is the winding short-distance coefficient of the vth harmonic electromotive force, and v is the order of the harmonic.

[0131] The above formula can calculate the winding coefficient and the number of harmonic attenuation when the number of slots per pole and per phase q is different. It can be selected according to needs during design. The motor winding can be connected in Y mode to directly eliminate the third harmonic. Therefore, the focus of pole-slot matching is to eliminate the 5th and 7th harmonics. The power that can be effectively utilized by the generator mainly refers to the fundamental active power of the generator. The greater the harmonic content at its outlet, the smaller the proportion of fundamental active power. In addition, excessive harmonic content will make it unable to meet the generator grid-connected standards. Therefore, the harmonic content of the generator outlet should be reduced as much as possible.

[0132] The selection of permanent magnets for the heating part needs to take into account the permanent magnet pole arc coefficient α P and the thickness of the magnetic steel h m The impact on the torque pulsation, cogging torque and efficiency of the motor. In order to ensure that the generating stator core and the heating stator core have no influence on each other when they are in different working states under different topological designs, and there is no coupling between the internal and external magnetic circuits, the pole arc coefficient α of the internal permanent magnet can be preliminarily selected in the design. Pi and magnetization thickness h mi Determined as α with the external permanent magnet Po 、h mo Consistent means satisfied:

[0133] α Pi =α Po

[0134] h mi =h mo

[0135] Finite element simulation can be used for detailed modification and optimization later.

[0136] In this embodiment, the width of the permanent magnet is determined according to the pole arc coefficient and the pole pitch of the power generation part, the length of the permanent magnet is determined according to the pole pitch of the power generation part and the preset size ratio, and the thickness of the permanent magnet is determined according to the residual magnetism of the permanent magnet, the air gap magnetic induction intensity value, the permanent magnet length and the permanent magnet width, thereby determining the permanent magnet parameters, which is conducive to meeting the needs of large-scale development and utilization of the device.

[0137] In an exemplary embodiment, the preliminary parameters include rotor thickness, inner air gap length and rotor outer diameter; the preliminary parameters and power conditions determine the topological structure parameters of the heating part, including: determining the outer diameter of the heating stator core based on the rotor thickness, inner air gap length and rotor outer diameter; determining the inner diameter of the heating stator core based on power conditions and structural constraints.

[0138] Among them, the determination of the parameters of the heating part mainly includes the selection of the outer diameter and inner diameter of the heating stator core. In some embodiments, the outer diameter D of the heating stator core i2 The following conditions must be met:

[0139] D i2 =D r2 -2h mo -2d r -2h mi -2δ i

[0140] Where, d r is the rotor thickness, which is mainly selected according to the size of the permanent magnet and adjusted through simulation; δ i It is the length of the inner air gap. If it is too long, the heating power will be reduced, and if it is too short, the processing will be difficult. Generally, it can be 0.5-1.5mm.

[0141] Heating stator core D i1 It is mainly restricted by two aspects: one is the heating power of the device, that is, the power condition, and the other is that there needs to be enough space inside the heating stator to place the heat collecting device, that is, the structural constraint. However, due to the skin effect of the eddy current effect, the effective heating area is concentrated on the surface of the inner stator. The thickness of the heating stator is relatively small compared to the power generation stator. Therefore, the power constraint and structural constraint are relatively easy to meet. The heating power P of the device i It can be estimated by the following formula:

[0142]

[0143] Among them, σ i is the conductivity of the conductor; B i is the magnetic density of the heating material; S is the magnetic flux area; H is the magnetic field intensity; μ0 is the vacuum magnetic permeability; μ i is the relative magnetic permeability of the heating material.

[0144] The inner diameter and outer diameter of the heating stator jointly determine the total volume of the heatable part. After the outer diameter of the heating stator is determined, the volume of the heating part can be changed by adjusting the inner diameter of the heating stator, and then the heating power can be changed. Of course, due to the skin effect, the effective heating volume will not increase infinitely with the increase of the total volume of the heating part. There is an upper limit. Due to the complex causes of eddy currents, the specific heating power is difficult to accurately calculate using theoretical calculation formulas. The power results estimated by the calculation formula can only serve as an aid to the design. To achieve a more sophisticated power design, it is necessary to use finite element simulation to continuously adjust the thickness of the heating stator.

[0145] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the heating stator core is determined based on the rotor thickness, the inner air gap length and the rotor outer diameter; the inner diameter of the heating stator core is determined based on the power conditions and structural constraints, thereby determining the topological structure parameters of the heating part, which is conducive to meeting the needs of large-scale development and utilization of the device.

[0146] In order to explain in detail the permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetic control power generation device and the method for determining the topological structure parameters and the effect in this scheme, the following is a most detailed embodiment for explanation:

[0147] The permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetically controlled power generation device includes: a power generation stator, a heating stator, a rotor, a winding and a permanent magnet excited in the radial direction, which are deployed according to a preset topology and preset topology parameters; the permanent magnet is used to establish the working magnetic flux of the device, and the rotor drives the permanent magnet to rotate to generate an alternating magnetic field; the power generation stator and the winding constitute the power generation part, and the heating stator is the heating part; the preset topology includes any one of an axially integrated topology and a radially integrated topology; the preset topology parameters include power generation part topology parameters, heating part topology parameters, permanent magnet parameters and rotor parameters.

[0148] When the preset topology is an axially integrated topology, the power generation part and the heat generation part are arranged axially, and the permanent magnet includes a first permanent magnet for excitation of the power generation part and a second permanent magnet for forming a working magnetic flux in the heat generation part, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are spatially isolated.

[0149] The preset topology is a radially integrated topology; the power generation part and the heat generation part are radially divided into inner and outer arrangements, the permanent magnets and the rotor are installed between the power generation part and the heat generation part, and the permanent magnets are installed on the inner and outer sides of the rotor; the permanent magnets installed on the outer side of the rotor are used for excitation of the power generation part, and the permanent magnets installed on the inner side of the rotor are used to form working magnetic flux in the heat generation part. In one embodiment, the permanent magnets installed on the inner and outer sides of the rotor are connected in series, and have the same polarity arrangement. In one embodiment, the permanent magnets installed on the inner and outer sides of the rotor are connected in parallel, and have opposite polarity arrangements; a magnetic isolation ring is installed inside the rotor to separate the inner and outer magnetic circuits. In some embodiments, the permanent magnets adopt a surface-mounted series structure to reduce the degree of coupling between the internal and external permanent magnets, such as Figure 8 The figure shows the distribution diagram of magnetic induction intensity at rated speed proposed by some embodiments. Fig. 9 The figure shows the internal air gap magnetic flux density under no-load and rated load conditions of the external power generation side proposed in some embodiments. It can be seen that there is basically no change, indicating that the coupling degree of internal and external permanent magnets can be effectively reduced through the surface-mounted series structure.

[0150] The method for determining the topological structure parameters takes into account the influence of the multi-physical field coupling factors of the device and proposes a three-step topological design method of "magnetic-electrical-thermal". For the design of the power generation part, it is mainly necessary to consider the inner and outer diameters of the power generation stator core, the slot type, the winding wire diameter and the number of turns, and the permanent magnet design of the power generation part, such as Fig.10 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the overall process of determining topological structure parameters proposed in some embodiments. The specific steps include:

[0151] (1) First, the rated parameters of the power generation part need to be determined, and the rated parameters satisfy the following formula:

[0152]

[0153] Here, the rated power generation P EN , rated voltage U N , rated speed n N , rated frequency f, number of phases m, number of pole pairs p, rated power factor Rated current I N , where P EN , U N And p can be determined by the designer according to his own needs, the number of motor phases m can be 3, the rated frequency can be 50Hz, and the rated power factor of the motor can generally be greater than 0.9, for example, it can be 0.95. The rated speed and rated current of the power generation part can be determined by this formula.

[0154] This formula is mainly used to determine the rated speed and rated current of the power generation part of the equipment.

[0155] (2) The design of the motor generator also requires special attention to the pole-slot ratio. A good pole-slot ratio will help reduce the output harmonics of the equipment's generator part, reduce torque pulsation, and improve the energy conversion efficiency of the generator part.

[0156] The phase electromotive force E generated by the power generation part satisfies:

[0157] E=4K Nm f dp Φ

[0158] In the formula, K Nm K is the air gap magnetic field waveform coefficient, generally taken as 1.11; dp is the fundamental winding coefficient, which is related to the number of slots per pole per phase q, the slot angle α and the winding pitch y; Φ is the magnetic flux per pole, the unit is Wb. In the formula, E is the rated phase electromotive force calculated based on the designed rated voltage, and f is the rated frequency, which are known quantities.

[0159] Fundamental wave winding coefficient K dp Depends on the design of the pole-slot combination, the fundamental winding factor K dp Satisfies the following formula:

[0160]

[0161] Among them, K d is the winding distribution coefficient; K p is the winding short-pitch coefficient; q is the number of slots per pole per phase, which must be a fraction, otherwise it will be difficult to start; y is the winding pitch expressed by the number of stator slots.

[0162] Among them, the calculation formula for the slot pitch angle α and the number of slots per pole per phase q is:

[0163]

[0164] Wherein, b is the integer part of the slot; c / d is the fractional part of the slot. When d=2p, the smaller c is, the easier it is to start. c and d have no clear physical meaning. They are only a criterion for selecting whether a parameter per pole per phase is appropriate. After a parameter of the number of slots per pole per phase is calculated, it can be expressed in the form of b+c / d and judged according to the standard.

[0165] The pole pitch is expressed as τ1 using the number of stator slots, and the calculation formula is:

[0166]

[0167] When the coil pitch is properly selected, the short-distance coefficient of a certain harmonic can be made very small or even zero, which can weaken or eliminate the harmonic. Therefore, using short-distance windings can also weaken harmonics. If you want to eliminate the vth harmonic electromotive force, you need to satisfy the following formula:

[0168]

[0169] Combined with the pole pitch τ1, the selected pitch y value needs to conform to the following formula:

[0170]

[0171] Among them, k pv is the winding short-distance coefficient of the vth harmonic electromotive force, and v is the order of the harmonic.

[0172] The above formula can calculate the winding coefficient and the number of harmonic attenuation when the number of slots per pole and per phase q is different. It can be selected according to needs during design. The motor winding can be connected in Y mode to directly eliminate the third harmonic. Therefore, the focus of pole-slot matching is to eliminate the 5th and 7th harmonics. The power that can be effectively utilized by the generator mainly refers to the fundamental active power of the generator. The greater the harmonic content at its outlet, the smaller the proportion of fundamental active power. In addition, excessive harmonic content will make it unable to meet the generator grid-connected standards. Therefore, the harmonic content of the generator outlet should be reduced as much as possible.

[0173] (3) Next, the design of the core and winding of the power generation part needs to be completed, which mainly involves the selection of the inner and outer diameters of the power generation stator, the selection of the core slot type of the power generation stator, and the calculation of the winding wire diameter and the number of winding turns:

[0174] 1) First, the inner diameter of the stator core of the generator stator needs to be determined. The inner diameter of the generator stator core is the basis for subsequent design. However, because some parameters cannot be calculated in advance, only estimation can be performed at this time, that is, referring to the empirical data of permanent magnet generators with similar pole numbers and similar rated powers that have been actually operated. In addition, the formula can be used for preliminary design, and then modified according to the actual design data. In some embodiments, the determination of the inner diameter of the generator stator core can refer to the following formula:

[0175]

[0176] Among them, D o1 is the inner diameter of the generator stator core, and A is the line load. During the preliminary design, an appropriate line load value can be selected, and the number of series conductors per phase can be estimated to calculate the preliminary inner diameter of the generator stator core, and then corrected later. For example, the line load should be limited to A=300~600A / cm.

[0177] 2) After determining the inner diameter of the generator stator core, you can select the slot type of the generator stator core. Common slot types for motors include pear-shaped slots, semi-open slots, trapezoidal slots, and open slots. Generally, the design methods of different slot types are slightly different. Here you can refer to the parameters of similar power motors to determine the relevant parameters.

[0178] 3) The outer diameter of the generator stator core can be determined by referring to the following formula:

[0179] D o2 =D o1 +2(h+h j )

[0180] Among them, D o2 is the outer diameter of the generator stator core, h is the stator slot depth, h j The yoke is high.

[0181] 4) After completing the topological structure design of the generator stator core, it is necessary to make some settings for the winding. The first step is to select the winding wire diameter. Suppose the bare copper wire diameter of the selected round copper enameled wire is d l , it is necessary to select an appropriate number of wires n to make the cross-sectional area S of each bare copper wire d At the same time, the following equations are satisfied:

[0182]

[0183] Where n is the number of parallel-wound conductors, in units of roots, and a is the number of parallel branches of the winding. These two parameters can be selected by the designer. a is the current density of the permanent magnet generator, in A / mm 2 , generally 3~4.5A / mm 2, the current density needs to meet this limit during design, so as to select the winding wire diameter d l .

[0184] When selecting the number of winding turns, in order to facilitate winding, the area of ​​the winding slot must also meet the slot fill rate limit, and the slot fill rate S is defined as f Each slot can accommodate the conductor area S L Ratio of effective area of ​​stator slots S ef , is used to indicate the degree of insulated wire allowed to be filled in the slot, which should be controlled at 75% to 80%. The slot filling rate can be calculated by the following formula:

[0185]

[0186] Where N s The number of conductors N in series in each phase can also be calculated by the above three formulas, which can be substituted back into the above formula to determine whether the parameter design is reasonable.

[0187] (4) The effective length of the device is the distance that the device extends in the axial direction. The determination of the effective length will help the design of the permanent magnet. It determines the pole arc coefficient and thickness of the permanent magnet. The effective length L ef It is related to its size ratio λ. The size ratio λ refers to the ratio of the effective length of the motor to the pole pitch of the power generation part. It reflects the proportional relationship between the axial and radial directions of the motor. When the size ratio decreases, the motor will be flatter, and when the size ratio increases, the motor will become slender. The size ratio is only used to select the effective length L of the motor. ef λ needs to satisfy the following formula:

[0188]

[0189] Among them, τ1 is the pole pitch of the power generation part, which can be determined when the pole slot is designed, D r2 It is the outer diameter of the rotor, which is the inner diameter of the stator minus the air gap. Generally, the air gap ranges from about 0.5 to 2.5 mm, which is limited by the power of the equipment.

[0190] When the segmented design is not adopted, the permanent magnet length b m Equal to the effective length L of the device ef For this device, since its rated speed is not high, the permanent magnet part does not adopt a segmented design. It can be considered that b m =L ef .

[0191] (5) The permanent magnet in the power generation part is the only source of the working magnetic flux of the power generation part of the device. Therefore, theoretical design is required to ensure that it can meet the working requirements of the device.

[0192] The size of the permanent magnet includes the permanent magnet width am, the permanent magnet length bm and the thickness hm in the magnetization direction. To determine the size of the permanent magnet, the pole arc length of the permanent magnet should be determined first. Pole arc length of permanent magnet Refers to the arc length of the magnetic pole, which determines the waveform of the AC current of the permanent magnet generator, the air gap magnetic induction intensity distribution curve B(x), the uniformity of the air gap, and the degree of magnetic circuit saturation. P The actual arc length The difference is very small, so the polar arc length It can be obtained by the following formula:

[0193]

[0194] b p =α p τ2

[0195] Among them, α P is the pole arc coefficient, which can be 0.55 to 0.75. For example, when the air gap magnetic induction intensity distribution curve B(x) is a sinusoidal distribution, α P =2 / π=0.637.

[0196] Width of permanent magnet m The polar arc length b can be approximated P .

[0197] The air gap magnetic induction intensity value B provided by the permanent magnet δm Satisfies the following formula:

[0198] Φ=B δm α P τ2L ef

[0199]

[0200] Among them, B r is the remanence of the permanent magnet, with the unit of T, which is related to the material and brand of the permanent magnet and can be obtained by querying the manufacturer's product parameters; σ is the leakage coefficient, which is generally taken as 1.05, and Φ is the magnetic flux per pole.

[0201] The end face coefficient K of the permanent magnet can be calculated by the above formula: m , and then by looking up the empirical parameter table, the recommended permanent magnet thickness h is obtained m .

[0202] For the design of the heating part, it is mainly necessary to consider the design of the permanent magnet of the heating part and the selection of the inner and outer diameters of the heating stator. The specific steps include:

[0203] (1) The selection of permanent magnets for the heating part needs to take into account the permanent magnet pole arc coefficient α P and the thickness of the magnetic steel h m The impact on the torque pulsation, cogging torque and efficiency of the motor. In order to ensure that the generating stator core and the heating stator core have no influence on each other when they are in different working states under different topological designs, and there is no coupling between the internal and external magnetic circuits, the pole arc coefficient α of the internal permanent magnet can be preliminarily selected in the design. Pi and magnetization thickness h mi Determined as α with the external permanent magnet Po 、h mo Consistent means satisfied:

[0204] α Pi =α Po

[0205] h mi =h mo

[0206] Finite element simulation can be used for detailed modification and optimization later.

[0207] (2) Determination of the size of the heating part, which mainly includes the selection of the outer diameter and inner diameter of the heating stator core.

[0208] The outer diameter D of the heating stator core i2 satisfy:

[0209] D i2 =D r2 -2h mo -2d r -2h mi -2δ i

[0210] Where, d r is the rotor thickness, which is mainly selected according to the size of the permanent magnet and adjusted through simulation; δ i It is the length of the inner air gap. If it is too long, the heating power will be reduced, and if it is too short, the processing will be difficult. Generally, it can be 0.5-1.5mm.

[0211] The determination of the parameters of the heating part mainly includes the selection of the outer diameter and inner diameter of the heating stator core. In some embodiments, the outer diameter D of the heating stator core is i2 The following conditions must be met:

[0212] D i2 =D r2 -2h mo -2d r -2h mi -2δ i

[0213] Where, dr is the rotor thickness, which is mainly selected according to the size of the permanent magnet and adjusted through simulation; δ i It is the length of the inner air gap. If it is too long, the heating power will be reduced, and if it is too short, the processing will be difficult. Generally, it can be 0.5-1.5mm.

[0214] Heating stator core D i1 It is mainly restricted by two aspects: one is the heating power of the device, that is, the power condition, and the other is that there needs to be enough space inside the heating stator to place the heat collecting device, that is, the structural constraint. However, due to the skin effect of the eddy current effect, the effective heating area is concentrated on the surface of the inner stator. The thickness of the heating stator is relatively small compared to the power generation stator. Therefore, the power constraint and structural constraint are relatively easy to meet. The heating power P of the device i It can be estimated by the following formula:

[0215]

[0216] Among them, σ i is the conductivity of the conductor; B i is the magnetic density of the heating material; S is the magnetic flux area; H is the magnetic field intensity; μ0 is the vacuum magnetic permeability; μ i is the relative magnetic permeability of the heating material.

[0217] Due to the complex causes of eddy currents, the specific heat generation power is difficult to accurately calculate using theoretical calculation formulas. The power results estimated by the calculation formula can only serve as an aid to design. To achieve a more refined power design, it is necessary to use finite element simulation to continuously adjust the thickness of the heat generation stator.

[0218] Different material selection methods are proposed for different topological components. The specific selection principles are as follows:

[0219] (1) For the generator stator core, the main function of the generator part is to achieve power output, so it is necessary to reduce its losses other than power generation. Here, silicon-iron soft magnetic alloy with low carbon content should be selected. (2) For the selection of permanent magnets, the working conditions of the motor should be considered. Specifically: 1) Since the constant magnetic field of the permanent magnet works in a very strong alternating magnetic field, permanent magnets with high coercive force, intrinsic coercive force, remanence, and magnetic energy product should be selected; 2) From the perspective of the eddy current heating method used in the heat-generating stator part, the larger the remanence of the permanent magnet, the larger the eddy current it induces, and the greater the heating power; 3) The permanent magnet can generate a sufficiently large air gap magnetic field to meet the performance requirements; 4) Permanent magnets with high mechanical strength and good flexibility should be selected to facilitate processing and assembly, and have a high cost-effectiveness; 5) Permanent magnets should be able to withstand high temperatures under certain conditions without obvious demagnetization;

[0220] (3) For the heating stator core, the material selection criteria are as follows:

[0221] 1) Soft magnetic materials should be selected as heating materials. The remanence of soft magnetic materials is small, and the hysteresis loop is strip-shaped. Under the action of the alternating magnetic field, the soft magnetic material is repeatedly magnetized and demagnetized. Its hysteresis loss is small and the magnetic saturation intensity is high, and the eddy current loss increases accordingly. 2) The electrical conductivity of the heating material should be high. Under the action of the alternating magnetic field, the higher the electrical conductivity of the selected heating material, the greater the eddy current thermal power. 3) The thermal conductivity of the heating material should be good. In order to ensure that the heat generated by the eddy current thermal effect can be transferred to the heat storage device in time, to avoid damage to the motor due to excessive temperature.

[0222] like Fig.11 The figure shows the heat generation comparison of silicon steel sheet and low carbon steel used in the heat generating part of some embodiments. It can be seen that the heat generation of low carbon steel is significantly higher than that of silicon steel sheet, which shows the correctness of the material selection criteria.

[0223] The above-mentioned permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetically controlled power generation device and the method for determining the topological structure parameters, by comprehensively considering the coupling effect of multiple physical fields, deploy the power generation stator, heating stator, rotor, winding and permanent magnets excited along the radial direction according to the preset topological structure and preset topological structure parameters. The power generation stator and the winding together constitute the power generation part, and the power generation function can be realized based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction; the heating stator is the heating part of the device, and the heating function can be realized based on the eddy current effect; the topological structure design of the device takes into account comprehensive factors, and can effectively solve the design problems caused by the complex multi-physical field coupling characteristics of the device, and can form topological structure parameters with complete functions that meet basic needs, which provides theoretical guidance for the development of permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetically controlled power generation devices, and is conducive to meeting the needs of large-scale development and utilization of the device.

[0224] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments are displayed in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear explanation in this article, the execution of these steps does not have a strict order restriction, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0225] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a topology parameter determination device for implementing the above-mentioned topology parameter determination method. The implementation scheme for solving the problem provided by the device is similar to the implementation scheme recorded in the above-mentioned method, so the specific limitations in one or more topology parameter determination device embodiments provided below can refer to the limitations of the topology parameter determination method above, and will not be repeated here.

[0226] In an exemplary embodiment, Fig.12 As shown, a topology structure parameter determination device 1200 is provided, which is applied to the above-mentioned permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetic control power generation device, and the device includes: an acquisition module 1202 and a determination module 1204, wherein:

[0227] The acquisition module 1202 is used to acquire the rated parameters of the device, the preliminary parameters of the permanent magnet and the preliminary parameters of the heating part; the rated parameters include the rated power generation, the rated voltage and the number of pole pairs; the preliminary parameters include the pole arc coefficient;

[0228] The determination module 1204 is used to determine the topological structure parameters of the power generation part according to the rated parameters of the device; determine the permanent magnet parameters according to the preliminary parameters; and determine the topological structure parameters of the heating part according to the preliminary parameters and power conditions.

[0229] In one embodiment, the topological structure parameters of the power generation part are determined according to the rated parameters of the device, and the determination module 1204 is also used to: obtain the stator slot parameters and the conductor parameters; the stator slot parameters include the number of conductors accommodated in each slot, the stator slot depth, the yoke height, the area of ​​each slot that can accommodate conductors and the effective area of ​​the stator slot; the conductor parameters include the line load, the number of parallel-wound conductors, the number of parallel branches of the winding and the cross-sectional area of ​​each bare copper conductor; the rated current is determined according to the rated parameters of the device; the number of series conductors per phase is determined according to the number of conductors accommodated in each slot; the inner diameter of the power generation stator core is determined according to the line load, the number of series conductors per phase and the rated current; the outer diameter of the power generation stator core is determined according to the stator slot depth, the yoke height and the inner diameter of the power generation stator core; the winding wire diameter that meets the conductor cross-sectional area condition and the slot fill rate condition is determined according to the number of parallel-wound conductors, the number of parallel branches, the rated current, the current density of the permanent magnet generator, the cross-sectional area of ​​each bare copper conductor, the area of ​​each slot that can accommodate conductors, and the effective area of ​​the stator slot.

[0230] In one embodiment, the permanent magnet parameters are determined according to the preliminary version parameters, and the determination module 1204 is also used to: determine the pole arc length of the permanent magnet according to the pole arc coefficient and the pole pitch of the power generation part, and use the pole arc length as the width of the permanent magnet; determine the length of the permanent magnet based on the pole pitch of the power generation part and a preset size ratio; determine the air gap magnetic induction intensity value provided by the permanent magnet according to the magnetic flux per pole, the pole arc coefficient, and the pole pitch of the power generation part; determine the end face coefficient of the permanent magnet according to the residual magnetism of the permanent magnet, the air gap magnetic induction intensity value, the length of the permanent magnet and the width of the permanent magnet, and obtain the thickness of the permanent magnet by looking up the table based on the end face coefficient.

[0231] In one embodiment, the preliminary parameters include rotor thickness, inner air gap length and rotor outer diameter; the preliminary parameters and power conditions determine the topological structure parameters of the heating part, and the determination module 1204 is also used to: determine the outer diameter of the heating stator core based on the rotor thickness, inner air gap length and rotor outer diameter; determine the inner diameter of the heating stator core based on power conditions and structural constraints.

[0232] Each module in the above-mentioned topology parameter determination device can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware or a combination thereof. Each module can be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in a memory in a computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute operations corresponding to each module above.

[0233] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. Fig.13 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface, a communication interface, a display unit and an input device. The processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, the display unit and the input device are connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be implemented through WIFI, a mobile cellular network, near field communication (Near Field Communication, NFC) or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a method for determining topological structure parameters is implemented.

[0234] Those skilled in the art will understand that Fig.13The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0235] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0236] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented.

[0237] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, which implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0238] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0239] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include distributed databases based on blockchains, etc., but are not limited to this. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, an artificial intelligence (AI) processor, etc., but are not limited to this.

[0240] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0241] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetic control power generation device, characterized in that: The device comprises: a power generation stator, a heating stator, a rotor, a winding and a permanent magnet excited in radial direction, which are arranged according to a preset topology and preset topology parameters; the permanent magnet is used to establish the working magnetic flux of the device, and the rotor drives the permanent magnet to rotate to generate an alternating magnetic field; the power generation stator and the winding constitute the power generation part, and the heating stator is the heating part; the preset topology comprises any one of an axially integrated topology and a radially integrated topology; the preset topology parameters comprise power generation part topology parameters, heating part topology parameters, permanent magnet parameters and rotor parameters.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The preset topology structure is an axially integrated topology structure; the power generation part and the heat generation part are arranged axially, and the permanent magnet includes a first permanent magnet for excitation of the power generation part and a second permanent magnet for forming a working magnetic flux in the heat generation part, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are spatially isolated.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The preset topological structure is a radially integrated topological structure; the power generation part and the heat generation part are radially divided into inner and outer arrangements, the permanent magnet and the rotor are installed between the power generation part and the heat generation part, and the permanent magnet is installed on the inner and outer sides of the rotor; the permanent magnet installed on the outer side of the rotor is used for excitation of the power generation part, and the permanent magnet installed on the inner side of the rotor is used for forming a working magnetic flux in the heat generation part.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The permanent magnets installed on the inner and outer sides of the rotor are connected in series and have the same polarity arrangement.

5. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The permanent magnets installed inside and outside the rotor are connected in parallel and have opposite polarity arrangements; a magnetic isolation ring is installed inside the rotor to isolate the inner and outer magnetic circuits.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The iron core of the generating stator is made of a ferrosilicon soft magnetic alloy that meets the preset carbon content conditions; the iron core of the heating stator is made of a soft magnetic material that meets the preset conductivity conditions and thermal conductivity conditions; the permanent magnet should meet at least one of the preset air gap magnetic field conditions, mechanical strength conditions, flexibility conditions and high temperature resistance conditions.

7. A method for determining topological structure parameters, characterized in that: The permanent magnet electrothermal multi-energy flexible magnetically controlled power generation device applied to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising: Obtaining the rated parameters of the device, the preliminary parameters of the permanent magnet and the preliminary parameters of the heating part; the rated parameters include the rated power generation, the rated voltage and the number of pole pairs; the preliminary parameters include the pole arc coefficient; Determining the topological parameters of the power generation part according to the rated parameters of the device; Determine the permanent magnet parameters according to the preliminary version parameters; According to the preliminary parameters and power conditions, the topological structure parameters of the heating part are determined.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that Determining the topological structure parameters of the power generation part according to the rated parameters of the device includes: Obtaining stator slot parameters and conductor parameters; the stator slot parameters include the number of conductors accommodated in each slot, the stator slot depth, the yoke height, the area of ​​each slot that can accommodate conductors, and the effective area of ​​the stator slot; the conductor parameters include line load, the number of parallel-wound conductors, the number of parallel branches of the winding, and the cross-sectional area of ​​each bare copper conductor; Determining the rated current according to the rated parameters of the device; Determining the number of conductors connected in series per phase according to the number of conductors accommodated in each slot; Determining the inner diameter of the stator core of the power generation device according to the line load, the number of series-connected conductors per phase and the rated current; Determining the outer diameter of the power generation stator core according to the stator slot depth, the yoke height and the inner diameter of the power generation stator core; The winding wire diameter that meets the wire cross-sectional area conditions and slot fill rate conditions is determined based on the number of parallel-wound wires, the number of parallel branches, the rated current, the current density of the permanent magnet generator, the cross-sectional area of ​​each bare copper wire, the area that each slot can accommodate a conductor, and the effective area of ​​the stator slot.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Determining the permanent magnet parameters according to the preliminary version parameters includes: Determine the pole arc length of the permanent magnet according to the pole arc coefficient and the pole pitch of the power generation part, and use the pole arc length as the permanent magnet width; Determining the length of the permanent magnet based on the pole pitch of the power generation part and a preset size ratio; Determine the value of the air gap magnetic induction intensity provided by the permanent magnet according to the magnetic flux per pole, the pole arc coefficient, and the pole pitch of the power generation part; The end face coefficient of the permanent magnet is determined according to the remanence of the permanent magnet, the air gap magnetic induction intensity value, the length of the permanent magnet and the width of the permanent magnet. Based on the end face coefficient, the thickness of the permanent magnet is obtained by looking up a table.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The preliminary parameters include rotor thickness, inner air gap length and rotor outer diameter; the preliminary parameters and power conditions determine the topological structure parameters of the heating part, including: Determining the outer diameter of the heating stator core according to the rotor thickness, the inner air gap length and the rotor outer diameter; The inner diameter of the heating stator core is determined based on power conditions and structural constraints.

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