Oil-cooled stator structure, motor and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention discloses an oil-cooled stator structure, a motor, and a vehicle. The oil-cooled stator structure includes a housing, the inner wall of which is provided with a plurality of radially recessed oil grooves; the outer wall of the stator core cooperates with the inner wall of the housing to form an oil circuit, and the two ends of the stator core are respectively provided with end windings extending outside the housing; end pressure plates are respectively pressed into the housing from both ends to close the oil circuit, and at least part of the outer surface of either end pressure plate is provided with a plurality of oil spray holes connected to the oil circuit at intervals along the circumference, and an oil retaining portion is provided on the outer side of the oil spray hole, and the oil retaining portion is located on the periphery of the corresponding end winding; an oil channel is provided on the side wall of the housing, an oil inlet connected to the oil channel is provided at one end of the housing, and an oil outlet is provided at the other end of the housing, and the oil channel is connected to the oil circuit. Part of the oil is sprayed on the corresponding end winding, part of the oil enters the rotor oil circuit through the oil outlet, and part of the oil is sprayed on the stator core. The stator structure is fully covered with oil, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the stator structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motor cooling, and in particular to an oil-cooling stator structure, a motor having the oil-cooling stator structure, and a vehicle having the motor. Background Art

[0002] The electric vehicle industry is developing rapidly. As environmental protection measures and policies become increasingly stringent in various countries, the electric vehicle market is expected to expand further in the future. As a core component in electric vehicles, the characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) determine the vehicle's key performance indicators.

[0003] As motor power increases, the requirements for motors in the new energy vehicle field are becoming increasingly higher, and the heat dissipation of motors directly restricts the increase in electric vehicle power, as well as the electrical and mechanical properties of motors.

[0004] Currently, motors are primarily cooled using water or oil. Cooling oil can directly cool internal heat-generating areas, significantly improving cooling efficiency. However, existing designs typically utilize cooling oil dripping onto the stator ends and windings for cooling. This approach suffers from insufficient oil coverage and low cooling efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an oil-cooled stator structure, a motor and a vehicle, by arranging oil baffles on the end pressure plates at both ends, and cooperating with the arrangement of the oil groove and the oil channel, so that a part of the oil is sprayed out through the oil groove through the oil spray holes on the end pressure plates and is blocked by the oil baffle. Under the action of gravity, the oil falls on the end windings, a part of the oil enters the shell through the oil channel and is sprayed on the outer periphery of the stator core, and a part of the oil enters the rotor oil channel through the oil outlet. The stator structure is fully covered with oil, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the stator structure.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an oil-cooled stator structure, comprising:

[0008] The housing has a plurality of radially recessed oil grooves on its inner wall;

[0009] a stator core, the outer wall of which cooperates with the inner wall of the housing so that the plurality of oil grooves form an oil path, and end windings are respectively provided at both ends of the stator core;

[0010] End pressure plates are respectively pressed into the housing from both ends of the housing to close the oil passage, and a plurality of oil injection holes connected to the oil passage are circumferentially spaced apart on at least a portion of the outer surface of any of the end pressure plates, and an oil shield is provided on the outer side of the oil injection holes. The oil shield is located at the periphery of the corresponding end winding to spray the oil sprayed from the oil injection holes onto the corresponding end winding;

[0011] An oil passage is provided on the side wall of the housing, an oil inlet connected to the oil passage is provided at one end of the housing, and an oil outlet connected to the rotor oil passage and the oil passage is provided at the other end of the housing. The oil passage is connected to the oil circuit.

[0012] Optionally, the oil passage includes:

[0013] an oil inlet passage extending in the axial direction and connected to the oil inlet;

[0014] an oil outlet passage connected to an end of the oil inlet passage away from the oil inlet and connected to the oil outlet;

[0015] at least one branch oil passage, one end of which is connected to the junction of the oil inlet passage and the oil outlet passage, and the other end of which extends toward and is connected to one of the oil grooves, the oil groove communicating with the oil injection holes at both ends and the remaining oil grooves;

[0016] The inner diameter of the branch oil channel is larger than the inner diameter of the oil tank, and the inner diameter of the oil tank is larger than the aperture of the oil injection hole, so that part of the oil enters the oil tank through the branch oil channel, and is sprayed onto the corresponding oil baffle through the oil injection holes at both ends under the action of internal pressure to form an oil film. The oil film falls on the corresponding end winding under the action of gravity to cool it.

[0017] Optionally, the oil groove includes a first oil groove directly connected to the oil channel and a plurality of second oil grooves not connected to the oil channel and arranged at intervals on the inner circumferential wall of the shell. The two ends of the first oil groove and the second oil groove are open and a gap is formed between the corresponding end pressure plates to connect the second oil groove with the first oil groove to form the oil channel.

[0018] Optionally, the branch oil passages include two, and the two branch oil passages are arranged in parallel at the junction of the oil inlet passage and the oil outlet passage;

[0019] The first oil groove includes two isolated sub-grooves, and one end of the two sub-grooves close to each other is respectively connected to one of the branch oil channels.

[0020] Optionally, the diameter of the oil outlet channel is smaller than the diameter of the branch oil channel, and the diameters of the oil outlet channel and the branch oil channel are both smaller than the diameter of the oil inlet channel.

[0021] Optionally, the oil-blocking portion is arc-shaped.

[0022] Optionally, the oil baffle is a minor arc with a central angle less than or equal to 90°.

[0023] Optionally, the stator core and the housing are interference fit.

[0024] Another object of the present invention is to provide a motor comprising the oil-cooled stator structure described in any one of the above items.

[0025] Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle comprising the above-mentioned motor.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0027] The oil-cooled stator structure of the present invention provides oil baffles on the end pressure plates at both ends, and cooperates with the arrangement of the oil groove and the oil channel, so that a portion of the oil is ejected through the oil groove through the oil spray holes on the end pressure plates and is blocked by the oil baffles. Under the action of gravity, the oil falls on the end windings, a portion of the oil enters the housing through the oil channel and is sprinkled on the outer periphery of the stator core, and another portion of the oil enters the rotor oil channel through the oil outlet. The stator structure is fully covered with oil, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the stator structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the oil-cooled stator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil-cooled stator structure of an embodiment of the present invention, omitting the end pressure plates;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a housing of an oil-cooled stator structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the oil passages and oil circuits of the oil-cooled stator structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the oil-cooled stator structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, cut along the axial direction;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the end pressure plate and oil retaining portion of the oil-cooled stator structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an oil-cooled stator structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, taken perpendicularly to the axial direction.

[0036] Among them: 1. Shell; 10. Oil inlet; 11. Oil inlet channel; 12. Oil outlet channel; 13. Branch oil channel; 14. Oil outlet; 15. Oil tank; 151. First oil tank; 1511. First sub-tank; 1512. Second sub-tank; 152. Second oil tank; 16. Oil circuit; 2. End winding; 3. End pressure plate; 31. Oil baffle; 32. Oil spray hole; 4. Stator core. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present invention.

[0038] Example:

[0039] See also Figures 1 to 7 An oil-cooled stator structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 1, a stator core 4, an end winding 2, an end pressure plate 3 and an oil retaining portion 31.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the housing 1 is a cylindrical structure with two ends open and the middle hollowed out. A plurality of radially recessed oil grooves 15 are provided on the inner wall of the housing 1. Figure 5 As shown, the oil groove 15 is divided into two parts. One part of the oil groove 15 is a first oil groove 151 comprising two separated, or non-connected, sub-grooves. The other part of the oil groove 15 is a plurality of second oil grooves 152 arranged circumferentially and parallel to each other on the inner circumferential wall of the housing 1. The first oil groove 151 is divided into a first sub-groove 1511 and a second sub-groove 1512. The first sub-groove 1511 and the second sub-groove 1512 extend toward both ends of the housing 1, respectively. The end openings of the first sub-groove 1511 and the second sub-groove 1512 communicate with the oil injection hole 32. Furthermore, a gap is formed between the first sub-groove 1511 and the second sub-groove 1512 and the end pressure plate 3. Similarly, a gap is formed between the two end openings of the second sub-groove 1512 and the end pressure plate 3 at both ends, allowing the first sub-groove 1511 and the second sub-groove 1512 to communicate with each other, forming the oil path 16. Such arrangement allows a portion of the oil to be sprayed out through the oil spray holes 32 on the end pressure plates 3 at both ends through the first sub-groove 1511 and the second sub-groove 1512 respectively. Due to the arrangement of the oil baffle 31, the oil sprayed out through the oil spray holes 32 will fall on the corresponding end winding 2 under the action of gravity. Another portion of the oil flows into the second oil groove 152 through the above-mentioned gap, that is, enters the shell 1 and is sprayed on the stator core 4 in the shell 1, so that the stator structure is fully covered with oil, which greatly improves the cooling efficiency.

[0041] like Figure 4As shown, an oil channel is also provided in the side wall of the housing 1, and one end of the oil channel is Figure 4 The front end is shown as an oil inlet 10, and the rear end as an oil outlet 14. The oil passage corresponding to the oil inlet 10 is the oil inlet passage 11, and the oil passage corresponding to the oil outlet 14 is the oil outlet passage 12. The oil inlet passage 11 and the oil outlet passage 12 extend axially. The oil outlet passage 12 is connected to the rotor oil circuit, allowing some oil to enter the rotor oil circuit through the oil outlet 14. To allow some oil to enter the oil tank 15 for oil cooling of the end windings 2 and the stator core 4, a branch oil passage 13 is provided in parallel at the junction of the oil inlet passage 11 and the oil outlet passage 12. Specifically, the branch oil passages 13 include two, and the two branch oil passages 13 are arranged in parallel at the junction of the oil inlet passage 11 and the oil outlet passage 12, one end of one branch oil passage 13 is connected to one end of the first sub-slot 1511, and one end of the other branch oil passage 13 is connected to one end of the second sub-slot 1512, so that the flow of the oil in the oil inlet passage 11 is divided into three parts, one part enters the oil outlet passage 12 and enters the rotor oil circuit through the oil outlet 14, one part of the oil enters the first sub-slot 1511 through one of the branch oil passages 13, and the other part of the oil enters the second sub-slot 1512 through the other branch oil passage 13. The oil entering the first sub-slot 1511 is divided into two paths, one of which is discharged through one end under the action of internal pressure. The oil is sprayed out from the spray hole 32 on the end pressure plate 3 to fall on the end winding 2 at that end, and the other part flows into the second oil groove 152 through the gap between the first sub-slot 1511 and the end pressure plate 3. Similarly, the oil in the second sub-slot 1512 is also divided into two paths, one of which is sprayed out through the spray hole 32 of the end pressure plate 3 at the other end under the action of internal pressure to fall on the end winding 2 at that end, and the other part flows into the second oil groove 152 through the gap between the second sub-slot 1512 and the end pressure plate 3 at that end. The oil flowing into the second oil groove 152 will eventually fall on the stator core 4. Since the second oil groove 152 is arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the outer periphery of the stator core 4 can be sprayed with cooling oil. In some embodiments, the two branch oil channels 13 are arranged in parallel and at intervals and extend radially inward along the shell 1, that is, Figure 4As shown, it extends downward. As an alternative embodiment, the number of branch oil channels 13 can also be set to only one, and the first oil groove 151 can also be set without intervals. After the oil enters the first oil groove 151 through the branch oil channel 13, it is directly divided into two paths, flowing to the end pressure plates 3 at both ends respectively, and part of it is sprayed out through the oil spray hole 32 and falls on the corresponding end winding 2, and the other part flows into the second oil groove 152 through the gap and falls on the stator core 4. As a variant embodiment, the number of branch oil channels 13 is one, and a partition plate is set inside the branch oil channel 13 or only in the outlet of the branch oil channel 13, so that the oil is divided into two paths. For the first oil groove 151, it can be set in one section or in two sections with intervals, and there is no special limitation. As another alternative embodiment, there is no gap between the end of the oil groove and the corresponding end pressure plate. Correspondingly, a connecting oil channel is also provided between adjacent oil grooves, so that all oil grooves are connected to form a circulating oil circuit.

[0042] In some preferred embodiments, the diameter of the oil outlet passage 12 is smaller than that of the branch oil passage 13, and the diameters of both the oil outlet passage 12 and the branch oil passage 13 are smaller than the diameter of the oil inlet passage 11. The smaller diameter of the oil outlet passage 12 than that of the branch oil passage 13 allows the majority of the oil to flow through the branch oil passage 13 and coat the stator structure, including the stator core 4 and the end windings 2, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the stator structure. Because the end pressure plates 3 are pressed into the housing 1 from both ends to seal the oil path, the diameter of the branch oil passage 13 is designed to be smaller than that of the oil inlet passage 11. The inner diameter of the oil groove 15, i.e., the width between its two side walls along the circumferential direction, is smaller than the inner diameter of the branch oil passage 13. This increases the oil pressure entering the oil groove 15. Furthermore, the diameter of the oil injection hole 32 is much smaller than the width of the oil groove 15, allowing the oil to be sprayed through the oil injection hole 32 with sufficient pressure onto the oil baffle 31, forming an oil film. Subsequently, the oil film falls onto the end winding 2 under the action of gravity, cooling the end winding 2.

[0043] In some embodiments, the oil retaining portion 31 is arc-shaped. In some preferred embodiments, the oil retaining portion 31 is an inferior arc with a central angle less than or equal to 90°. The specific angle is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select and design it according to specific needs. Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the pressure plate body of the end pressure plate 3 is annular, and the oil baffle 31 is arranged on the outside of the end pressure plate 3 and extends axially outward. The oil baffle 31 is an arc shape that matches the shape of the pressure plate body of the end pressure plate 3. A plurality of oil injection holes 32 are provided on the pressure plate body of the end pressure plate 3 corresponding to the oil baffle 31 at intervals in the circumferential direction. The aperture of the oil injection hole 32 is much smaller than the oil inlet 10, so that part of the oil can be sprayed circumferentially on the oil baffle 31 through the small-aperture oil injection hole 32 under the pressure of the internal oil pressure. It should be noted that the axial extension distance of the oil baffle 31 does not exceed the end winding 2, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the oil baffle 31 is located above the periphery of the end winding 2, so that the oil sprayed on the oil baffle 31 can drip onto the outer peripheral surface of the end winding 2 under the action of gravity. The oil baffle 31 is arranged in an arc shape, which can ensure the oil dripping effect while reducing the processing cost of the oil baffle 31. Because if the oil baffle 31 is arranged in an arc shape with the same size as the end pressure plate 3 or an arc with a central angle greater than 90° or greater than 180°, there will inevitably be a part of the oil on the oil baffle 31 below the end winding 2 that cannot drip onto the end winding 2. As an alternative embodiment, the oil baffle 31 on each end pressure plate 3 can be composed of multiple small arc segments arranged at intervals along the circumference of the end pressure plate 3, and there is no specific limitation. It should be noted that the end pressure plates at both ends, including the oil baffle structure, are symmetrical structures and can be produced and processed using the same mold, thereby reducing development costs.

[0044] The oil shield 31 is connected to the corresponding end plate 3 by a plurality of spaced connecting columns. In some preferred embodiments, the oil shield 31 and the end plate 3 are integrally formed to facilitate processing.

[0045] In some preferred embodiments, Figure 7 As shown, the stator core 4 and the housing 1 are interference fit, so that the oil groove 15 between the outer wall of the stator core 4 and the inner wall of the housing 1 forms an oil path 16. In other words, the stator core 4 and the housing 1 can also be clearance fit.

[0046] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a motor including the oil-cooled stator structure of the aforementioned embodiment. Other motor structures, such as the rotor, are not described or limited in detail and are conventional. Due to the use of the aforementioned oil-cooled stator structure, the motor also exhibits at least the beneficial effects of the aforementioned oil-cooled stator structure.

[0047] The present invention also provides a vehicle, such as a new energy vehicle, comprising the motor of the above embodiment. Due to the use of the above motor, the vehicle also has at least the beneficial effects of the above oil-cooled stator structure and motor.

[0048] It should be understood that the above-described specific embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative or illustrative of the principles of the present invention and do not constitute limitations of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications that fall within the scope and metes and bounds of the appended claims, or equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. An oil-cooled stator structure, characterized in that: include: The housing (1) has a plurality of radially recessed oil grooves (15) formed on its inner wall; A stator core (4) whose outer wall cooperates with the inner wall of the housing (1) so that the plurality of oil grooves (15) form an oil path (16), and end windings (2) are provided at both ends of the stator core (4); The end pressure plates (3) are respectively pressed into the housing (1) from both ends of the housing (1) to close the oil path (16); at least a portion of the outer surface of any of the end pressure plates (3) is provided with a plurality of oil spray holes (32) connected to the oil path (16); an oil baffle (31) is provided on the outer side of the oil spray holes (32); the oil baffle (31) is located at the periphery of the corresponding end winding (2); the oil baffle (31) is connected to the pressure plate body of the corresponding end pressure plate (3) through a plurality of spaced connecting columns or the oil baffle (31) and the end pressure plate (3) are an integral structure, so that the oil sprayed from the oil spray holes (32) is sprayed onto the corresponding end winding (2); An oil passage is provided on the side wall of the housing (1), an oil inlet (10) communicating with the oil passage is provided at one end of the housing (1), and an oil outlet (14) communicating with the rotor oil passage and the oil passage is provided at the other end of the housing (1), and the oil passage is connected to the oil circuit (16); The oil passage comprises: An oil inlet passage (11) extending in the axial direction and connected to the oil inlet port (10); An oil outlet passage (12) is connected to an end of the oil inlet passage (11) away from the oil inlet (10) and is connected to the oil outlet (14); at least one branch oil passage (13), one end of which is connected to the junction of the oil inlet passage (11) and the oil outlet passage (12), and the other end of which extends toward one of the oil grooves (15) and is connected to the oil groove (15), wherein the oil groove (15) communicates with the oil injection holes at both ends and the remaining oil grooves (15); The inner diameter of the branch oil passage (13) is larger than the inner diameter of the oil groove (15), and the inner diameter of the oil groove (15) is larger than the diameter of the oil injection hole (32), so that part of the oil enters the oil groove (15) through the branch oil passage (13) and is sprayed onto the corresponding oil baffle (31) through the oil injection holes (32) at both ends under the action of internal pressure to form an oil film. The oil film falls on the corresponding end winding (2) under the action of gravity to cool it; The oil groove (15) includes a first oil groove (151) directly connected to the oil passage and a plurality of second oil grooves (152) that are spaced apart and not connected to the oil passage and are arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the housing (1). Both ends of the first oil groove (151) and the second oil groove (152) are open and a space is formed between the corresponding end pressure plates (3) so that the first oil groove (151) and the plurality of second oil grooves (152) are connected to form the oil passage (16). The diameter of the oil outlet passage (12) is smaller than the diameter of the branch oil passage (13), and the diameters of the oil outlet passage (12) and the branch oil passage (13) are both smaller than the diameter of the oil inlet passage (11).

2. The oil-cooled stator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The branch oil passages (13) include two branch oil passages (13), which are arranged in parallel at the junction of the oil inlet passage (11) and the oil outlet passage (12); The first oil groove (151) comprises two isolated sub-grooves, and the ends of the two sub-grooves that are close to each other are respectively connected to one of the branch oil channels (13).

3. The oil-cooled stator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil-blocking portion (31) is arc-shaped.

4. The oil-cooled stator structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The oil retaining portion (31) is a minor arc with a central angle less than or equal to 90°.

5. The oil-cooled stator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator core (4) and the housing (1) are interference fit.

6. A motor, characterized in that: The oil-cooled stator structure comprises the oil-cooled stator structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A vehicle, characterized in that: Including the motor according to claim 6.

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