A control mechanism and pressure control method for a movable plateau slow-release cabin

Abstract

The present invention provides a control mechanism and pressure control method for a mobile plateau slow-release cabin. The control mechanism includes a cabin body, a PLC control system, and an environmental detection system, a pressure-increasing and decompression system, a temperature and humidity control system, and a UPS uninterruptible power supply, each electrically connected to the PLC control system. The cabin body is divided into a slow-release cabin and an equipment cabin by a partition, and the slow-release cabin and the equipment cabin are integrated and installed on a trailer. The environmental detection system, the pressure-increasing and decompression system, the temperature and humidity control system, the UPS uninterruptible power supply, and the PLC control system are installed on the slow-release cabin and / or the equipment cabin. The PLC control system controls the pressure-increasing and decompression system according to the corresponding pressure control method based on the air pressure difference obtained by subtracting the air pressure inside and outside the slow-release cabin provided by the environmental detection system, thereby achieving automatic process control of segmented pressure establishment and pressure-stabilized dynamic ventilation. The present invention can quickly alleviate and temporarily eliminate altitude sickness for field construction workers in the plateau, and can be used simultaneously by multiple people at different altitudes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of pressurized oxygen supply, and in particular relates to a control mechanism and a pressure control method of a movable plateau slow-release cabin. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society, the scale of highway construction in plateau regions has gradually expanded, and the number of people involved in construction has increased. Most of these people work on the front lines at high altitudes. The plateau environment is characterized by low pressure, low oxygen levels, and a dry, cold climate. Construction workers in this low-pressure environment suffer from altitude sickness, which has a significant impact on project construction. Plateau pressurization therapy can quickly alleviate and temporarily eliminate the symptoms of altitude sickness, making it an ideal solution for construction companies in plateau areas to address altitude sickness among construction workers.

[0003] Highway construction units generally relocate as tasks change, and a large number of personnel need to be restored. Currently, there is no control equipment that can meet the requirements of mobility, multi-person use, automatic control, and solve the problem of plateau hypoxia. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to alleviate the plateau discomfort symptoms such as dizziness, shortness of breath, accelerated heartbeat, etc. in the low-pressure environment of the plateau, and to meet the requirements of mobility, multi-person use, and automatic control, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a control mechanism for a movable plateau slow-release cabin, and the second purpose is to provide a pressure control method for the movable plateau slow-release cabin.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A control mechanism for a mobile plateau slow-release cabin includes at least a cabin body, an environmental detection system, a pressure increase and decrease system, a temperature and humidity control system, a UPS uninterruptible power supply, a PLC control system, and a trailer.

[0007] The interior of the cabin is divided into an open equipment cabin and a sealed slow-release cabin by a partition. One end of the slow-release cabin has an opening, and a main cabin door is sealed on the opening. The main cabin door can be opened and closed. The slow-release cabin and the equipment cabin are integrated and installed on the trailer.

[0008] The environmental detection system, pressure increasing and decreasing system, temperature and humidity adjustment system, UPS uninterruptible power supply and PLC control system are installed on the slow release cabin or equipment cabin, and the environmental detection system, pressure increasing and decreasing system, temperature and humidity adjustment system, UPS uninterruptible power supply are electrically connected to the PLC control system respectively; the PLC control system controls the pressure increasing and decreasing system according to the corresponding pressure control method based on the air pressure difference obtained by subtracting the air pressure values ​​inside and outside the slow release cabin provided by the environmental detection system to realize automatic process control of segmented pressure establishment and stable pressure dynamic ventilation.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressure increasing and decreasing system includes an air storage tank and a Roots blower, which are respectively installed on the bottom plate of the equipment cabin. The Roots blower is connected to a Roots blower air inlet pipe and a Roots blower air outlet pipe. One end of the Roots blower air inlet pipe extends out of the equipment cabin, and the Roots blower air outlet pipe is connected to the air storage tank. The air storage tank is connected to a main air supply pipeline, and the outlet of the main air supply pipeline is divided into two routes, one is the left air inlet pipe, and the other is the right air inlet pipe. The left air inlet pipe and the right air inlet pipe respectively pass through the partition and extend into the slow-release cabin.

[0010] Furthermore, the Roots blower is connected to a plateau variable frequency motor through a belt drive, and a plateau variable frequency motor ventilator is connected to the plateau variable frequency motor. The plateau variable frequency motor ventilator cannot adjust the speed to cool the plateau variable frequency motor at the rated speed; further, the plateau variable frequency motor and the plateau variable frequency motor ventilator are communicatively connected to the PLC control system, and the plateau variable frequency motor is frequency-controlled by the PLC control system to achieve adjustment of the air supply flow rate of the Roots blower.

[0011] Furthermore, the gas tank is connected to a gas tank bypass, one end of which extends out of the equipment cabin, and a bypass valve is installed on the gas tank bypass; a flow meter and a pressurization solenoid valve are installed on the main gas supply pipeline, and the pressurization solenoid valve is communicated with the PLC control system for controlling the on and off of the main gas supply pipeline; a pressure relief pipeline is provided on the slow release cabin, and a pressure reducing solenoid valve is installed on the pressure relief pipeline, and the pressure reducing solenoid valve is communicated with the PLC control system for controlling the on and off of the pressure relief pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, the temperature and humidity control system includes an air-conditioning outdoor unit, an air-conditioning indoor unit, and an air-conditioning boost drainage pipeline. The air-conditioning outdoor unit is installed on the bottom plate of the equipment cabin, the air-conditioning indoor unit is located in the slow-release cabin and is installed on the partition. One end of the air-conditioning boost drainage pipeline is connected to the water outlet of the air-conditioning indoor unit, and the other end of the air-conditioning boost drainage pipeline passes through the partition and extends out of the equipment cabin. It is worth mentioning that the air-conditioning boost drainage pipeline has a vertical pipeline in the equipment cabin. When the air conditioner is in use, water needs to be stored in the air-conditioning boost drainage pipeline. The water storage height in the vertical pipeline is equal to the working pressure value in the cabin. The air-conditioning boost drainage pipeline solves the drainage problem of the air conditioner working in a sealed boost cabin. It can not only ensure that the air conditioner drains water normally to the outside of the cabin at the working pressure value, but also ensure that the cabin is sealed.

[0013] Furthermore, the environmental monitoring system includes an oxygen sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an in-cabin pressure sensor, and an out-cabin pressure sensor. The out-cabin pressure sensor is mounted on the interior panel of the equipment compartment, while the in-cabin pressure sensor, oxygen sensor, carbon dioxide sensor, and temperature and humidity sensor are mounted on the interior panel of the slow-release compartment. Each of these oxygen sensor, carbon dioxide sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, in-cabin pressure sensor, and out-cabin pressure sensor is signal-connected to a PLC control system. The sensor signals are transmitted via a PLC analog input expansion module to the PLC control system, providing environmental parameters such as out-cabin pressure, in-cabin pressure, oxygen content, carbon dioxide content, temperature, and humidity.

[0014] Furthermore, the PLC control system includes an electrical control box, a frequency converter box, an off-cabin touch screen box and an on-cabin touch screen box. The electrical control box and frequency converter box are located in the equipment cabin and are respectively installed on the partitions. The UPS uninterruptible power supply is installed on the bottom plate of the equipment cabin and is located at the bottom of the electrical control box; the on-cabin touch screen box is located in the slow-release cabin and is installed on the partition; the off-cabin touch screen box is installed outside the slow-release cabin and is located on the right side of the main cabin door.

[0015] Furthermore, the electrical control box houses a PLC, switch, relay, voltmeter, universal transfer switch, key switch, and automatic / manual selector switch. The frequency converter box houses only one frequency converter, installed separately to prevent interference with the PLC system. Specifically, the frequency converter operates in analog mode, with frequency acquisition and control performed via the PLC analog input or output expansion modules. The in-cabin touch screen box houses the in-cabin touch screen, an illuminated start button, an illuminated stop button, an emergency stop button, an illuminated mute button, and an in-cabin buzzer. The out-cabin touch screen box houses the out-cabin touch screen, an illuminated start button, an illuminated stop button, an emergency stop button, an illuminated mute button, an in-cabin buzzer, and a window intercom auxiliary unit. Pressing the relevant buttons on either the in-cabin or out-cabin touch screen box activates the system's pre-programmed operation. The touch screens of either the in-cabin or out-cabin touch screen boxes can simultaneously display real-time sensor values, variable frequency motor settings and operating frequency, equipment operating status, and manual debugging operations. The two touch screens are connected to the PLC via a switch using a network cable for data exchange. The two touch screens and PLC addresses are set to different IP addresses in the same network segment.

[0016] Specifically, the cabin pressure sensor and the exterior pressure sensor transmit the real-time measured pressure difference between inside and outside the cabin to the PLC. The PLC compares this pressure difference with a set value and, based on the comparison result, uses a frequency converter to adjust the speed of the high-frequency motor to regulate the Roots blower's air supply flow. Furthermore, the air supply flow is designed to have both pressurization and ventilation flows. The pressurization flow is small and designed based on the pressurization rate. It switches between three fixed frequencies as the cabin pressure changes, and is used for pressure buildup. The ventilation flow is large and designed based on the rated number of users. It is also related to the pressure relief rate. A matching blower operating frequency is debugged and set on the exterior touchscreen for dynamic pressure-stabilized ventilation. The air supply flow is detected by a flowmeter, and the flow signal is fed into the PLC control system via an analog input expansion module. The pressurization solenoid valve controls the main air supply line, while the pressure relief solenoid valve controls the pressure relief line. These valves are closed or opened by the PLC control system.

[0017] The control mechanism also includes an auxiliary system consisting of a main window intercom, a secondary window intercom, and a home-use oxygen detoxification machine. The secondary window intercom is installed in an exterior touchscreen box, while the main window intercom and the home-use oxygen detoxification machine are mounted on the interior panel near the main cabin door inside the slow-release cabin. When needed, the window intercom can be activated, allowing the outside attendant to communicate with those inside to keep abreast of the cabin's conditions. After use, the cabin is disinfected with the home-use oxygen detoxification machine for 30 minutes.

[0018] A pressure control method for a movable plateau slow-release cabin, comprising:

[0019] (1) Pressure control method in the stage of segmented pressure establishment:

[0020] During the pressure-building phase, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the slow-release chamber is less than the operating chamber pressure. First, the operating frequency of the Roots blower is set on the touch screen outside the chamber. Then, three pressure difference ranges are set from low to high according to the pressurization rate. Each range corresponds to a fixed frequency. These three fixed frequencies can automatically switch according to the pressure and keep the pressurization flow consistent. Then, the Roots blower supplies air at three fixed-frequency pressurization flows according to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the chamber until the chamber pressure reaches the set working value.

[0021] (2) Pressure control method during the pressure-stabilized dynamic ventilation stage:

[0022] During the pressure-stabilized dynamic ventilation stage, the cabin pressure reaches the working value, and the pressurization flow automatically becomes the ventilation flow. At this time, the cabin intake and exhaust are carried out simultaneously, and the Roots blower operates within the set frequency range to maintain the cabin pressure stable and control the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cabin within the specified range.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (the components and the effects thereof should be specified)

[0024] (1) During the pressure building phase, the present invention overcomes the shortcoming of nonlinear flow rate during the entire process of system pressure building, and supplies gas at a relatively stable pressurized flow rate until the pressure reaches the working value.

[0025] (2) The control mechanism of the movable plateau slow-release cabin of the present invention is suitable for use by multiple plateau field construction workers, and realizes controllability and visualization during use. It has stable and good operation, can quickly relieve and temporarily eliminate the altitude sickness of plateau field construction workers, and can be used in areas with different altitudes.

[0026] (3) The control mechanism of the present invention simulates a low-altitude atmospheric pressure environment and a dynamic ventilation system that maintains stable cabin pressure in a movable plateau sealed slow-release cabin according to the segmented pressure establishment and pressure-stabilized dynamic ventilation control method. Ventilation continuously renews the cabin air, preventing the oxygen content from decreasing or the carbon dioxide content from increasing. The air conditioner normally regulates the temperature and humidity in the pressurized cabin, ensuring that the air in the sealed pressurized cabin is clean and fresh, and the climate environment is stable and comfortable. It is suitable for use by multiple plateau field construction workers, achieving controllability and visualization during use, and operating stably. It can quickly alleviate and temporarily eliminate altitude sickness for plateau field construction workers and can be used in areas at different altitudes.

[0027] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments.

[0029] Figure 1 It is an assembly diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is the assembly diagram of the electrical control box;

[0031] Figure 3 This is the assembly diagram of the inverter box;

[0032] Figure 4 This is the assembly diagram of the extravehicular touch screen box;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the touch screen box in the cabin.

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Equipment compartment; 2. Air conditioning outdoor unit; 3. Gas tank bypass; 4. Bypass valve; 5. Gas tank; 6. Air conditioning booster drain line; 7. Main gas supply line; 8. Flow meter; 9. Pressurization solenoid valve; 10. UPS (uninterruptible power supply); 11. Electrical control box; 12. Right air intake line; 13. Cabin touch screen box; 14. Air conditioning indoor unit; 15. Slow-release chamber; 16. Tow truck; 17. Oxygen sensor; 18. Carbon dioxide sensor; 19. Temperature and humidity sensor; 20. Cabin pressure sensor; 21. Window intercom host; 22. External touch screen box; 23. Main cabin door; 24. Pressure relief pipe 25. Silencer; 26. Pressure reducing solenoid valve; 27. Household oxygen detoxification machine; 28. Sealed threading port; 29. ​​Left air intake pipe; 30. Partition; 31. Inverter box; 32. Outboard pressure sensor; 33. Roots blower outlet duct; 34. Roots blower; 35. Roots blower inlet duct; 36. Belt; 37. Plateau variable frequency motor; 38. Plateau variable frequency motor ventilator; 39. Voltmeter; 40. Key switch; 41. Universal transfer switch; 42. Automatic / manual selector switch; 43. Relay; 44. PLC; 45. Switch; 46. Inverter; 47. Outboard touch screen; 48. Window intercom auxiliary unit; 49. External cabin buzzer; 50. External cabin light mute button; 51. External cabin emergency stop button; 52. External cabin light stop button; 53. External cabin light start button; 54. Internal cabin touch screen; 55. Internal cabin buzzer; 56. Internal cabin light mute button; 57. Internal cabin emergency stop button; 58. Internal cabin light stop button; 59. Internal cabin light start button. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This embodiment relates to a control mechanism for a movable plateau slow-release cabin. Figure 1 , including a cabin, an environmental detection system, a pressure increasing and decreasing system, a temperature and humidity control system, a UPS uninterruptible power supply 10, a PLC control system and a trailer trolley 16. The interior of the cabin is divided into an equipment cabin 1 and a slow-release cabin 15 by a partition 30. One end of the slow-release cabin 15 has an opening, and a main cabin door 23 is sealed at the opening. The main cabin door 23 can be opened and closed. The slow-release cabin 15 and the equipment cabin 1 are integrated and installed on the trailer trolley 16; the environmental detection system, the pressure increasing and decreasing system, the temperature and humidity control system, the UPS uninterruptible power supply 10 and the PLC control system are installed on the slow-release cabin 15 or the equipment cabin 1, and the environmental detection system, the pressure increasing and decreasing system, the temperature and humidity control system, and the UPS uninterruptible power supply 10 are electrically connected to the PLC control system respectively.

[0039] The PLC control system controls the pressure increase and decrease system according to the corresponding pressure control method based on the difference in air pressure inside and outside the slow-release cabin obtained by subtracting the air pressure values ​​inside and outside the cabin provided by the environmental detection system, realizing automatic process control of segmented pressure establishment and stable pressure dynamic ventilation.

[0040] This control mechanism can simulate a low-altitude atmospheric pressure environment and a dynamic ventilation system that maintains stable cabin pressure by using a pressure control method based on segmented pressure establishment and pressure-stabilized dynamic ventilation within a movable plateau sealed slow-release cabin. Ventilation continuously updates the cabin air, preventing the oxygen content from decreasing or the carbon dioxide content from increasing. The temperature and humidity within the pressurized cabin are regulated by a temperature and humidity control system, ensuring that the air within the sealed pressurized cabin is clean and fresh, and the climate is stable and comfortable. Furthermore, the entire cabin of the control mechanism is mounted on a trailer 16 and can be towed and moved by a tractor. This system meets the requirements of portability, multi-person use, and automatic control, and is particularly suitable for use by multiple plateau field construction workers. It achieves controllability and visualization during use, operates stably, and can quickly alleviate and temporarily eliminate altitude sickness among plateau field construction workers. It can be used in areas at different altitudes.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] On the basis of the above embodiment, the PLC control system further includes an electrical control box 11, a frequency converter box 31, an external touch screen box 22 and an internal touch screen box 13. Figure 1 The electrical control box 11 and inverter box 31 are located in the equipment compartment 1 and are mounted on the bulkhead 30. The touch screen box 22 outside the cabin is mounted on the main door 23 of the slow-release compartment 15, and the touch screen box 13 inside the cabin is located inside the slow-release compartment 15 and mounted on the bulkhead 30. Furthermore, the UPS 10 is used to provide emergency power to the 220VAC circuit, excluding the 380VAC circuit and air conditioning. Installed on the floor of the equipment compartment 1, below the electrical control box 11, it can delay power protection for the protected equipment by 30 minutes, ensuring sufficient time for personnel.

[0043] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 The electrical control box 11 is equipped with a PLC 44, a switch 45, a relay 43, a voltmeter 39, a universal transfer switch 41, a key switch 40, an automatic / manual selection switch 42, etc. Figure 3 The inverter box 31 is equipped with only one inverter 46. The inverter 46 is installed separately to prevent interference with the PLC system. The inverter 46 adopts analog working mode and performs frequency acquisition and control through the PLC analog input / output expansion module. Figure 4The outside touch screen box 22 is equipped with an outside touch screen 47, an outside light start button 53, an outside light stop button 52, an outside emergency stop button 51, an outside light mute button 50, an outside buzzer 49, and a window intercom auxiliary unit 48. Figure 5 The in-cabin touch screen box 13 is equipped with an in-cabin touch screen 54, an illuminated start button 59, an illuminated stop button 58, an in-cabin emergency stop button 57, an illuminated mute button 56, and an in-cabin buzzer 55. By pressing the relevant buttons on the out-cabin touch screen box 22 or the in-cabin touch screen box 13, the system operates according to the pre-set program. The out-cabin touch screen 47 and the in-cabin touch screen 54 can simultaneously display real-time sensor values, variable frequency motor settings and operating frequency, equipment operating status, and manual debugging operations. The out-cabin touch screen 47 and the in-cabin touch screen 54 are connected to the PLC 44 via a network cable through a switch 45 for data exchange. The addresses of the out-cabin touch screen 47, the in-cabin touch screen 54, and the PLC 44 are set to different IP addresses within the same network segment.

[0044] Furthermore, PLC 44 is preferably a Siemens S7-200 SMART PLC with an integrated Ethernet port. Its CPU model is SR30 (18-point input and 12-point output), digital output module EM DR08 (1 module), analog input module EM AE04 (1 module), and analog input and output module EM AM06 (1 module). Ethernet switch 45 is a SCALANCE XB005, through which the PLC and two touch screens exchange data. Frequency converter 46 is a three-phase AC 400V frequency converter, model SINAMICS V20 2.2KW. External touch screen 47 and internal touch screen 54 are Siemens SMART 700 IE, featuring a 7-inch TFT display with an 800×400 resolution, 64K true color display, and an integrated Ethernet port. Other electrical components, including relay 43, voltmeter 39, universal transfer switch 41, key switch 40, automatic / manual selector switch 42, and control box, are of various brands and models.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] On the basis of Example 2, further, referring to Figure 1The environmental detection system includes an oxygen sensor 17, a carbon dioxide sensor 18, a temperature and humidity sensor 19, an in-cabin pressure sensor 20 and an out-cabin pressure sensor 32. The out-cabin pressure sensor 32 is installed on the interior panel of the equipment cabin 1, and the in-cabin pressure sensor 20, the oxygen sensor 17, the carbon dioxide sensor 18 and the temperature and humidity sensor 19 are installed on the interior panel of the slow-release cabin 15. The oxygen sensor 17, the carbon dioxide sensor 18, the temperature and humidity sensor 19, the in-cabin pressure sensor 20 and the out-cabin pressure sensor 32 are respectively connected to the PLC control system signal. The sensor signal provides the PLC control system with environmental parameters such as the absolute pressure of the out-cabin air, the absolute pressure of the in-cabin air, the oxygen content, the carbon dioxide content, the temperature, the relative humidity and so on through the PLC analog input expansion module. Preferably, the measuring range of the extracabin pressure sensor 32 and the incabin pressure sensor 20 is 0~0.2MPa; the measuring range of the oxygen sensor 17 is 0~30%Vol; the measuring range of the carbon dioxide sensor 18 is 0~1%Vol; the temperature measuring range of the temperature and humidity sensor 19 is -40~80℃, and the humidity measuring range is 0~100%RH; the above-mentioned oxygen sensor 17, carbon dioxide sensor 18, temperature and humidity sensor 19, incabin pressure sensor 20 and extracabin pressure sensor 32 are all powered by 24VDC and output signals of 4~20mA.

[0047] In actual application, the cabin pressure sensor 20 and the cabin pressure sensor 32 transmit the real-time detected air pressure values ​​inside and outside the slow-release cabin to PLC44. PLC44 compares the cabin pressure difference value obtained by subtracting the cabin pressure difference with the set value. According to the comparison result, the frequency converter 46 adjusts the speed of the high-altitude variable frequency motor 37 to adjust the air supply flow of the Roots blower 34.

[0048] As a further preferred embodiment, the extravehicular pressure sensor 32, the in-cabin pressure sensor 20, the oxygen sensor 17, the carbon dioxide sensor 18, the temperature and humidity sensor 19, the flow meter 8, the frequency output of the frequency converter 46, the normally open contact of the in-cabin light start button 59, the normally open contact of the in-cabin light stop button 58, the normally open contact of the in-cabin emergency stop button 57, the normally open contact of the in-cabin light mute button 56, the normally open contact of the extravehicular light start button 53, the normally open contact of the extravehicular light stop button 52, the normally open contact of the extravehicular emergency stop button 51, and the normally open contact of the extravehicular light mute button 50 are all given to the PLC. 44 provides input signals; the frequency input of the frequency converter 46, the pressurization solenoid valve 9, the pressure reduction solenoid valve 26, the indicator light of the cabin lighted start button 59, the indicator light of the cabin lighted stop button 58, the indicator light of the cabin lighted mute button 56, the indicator light of the cabin lighted start button 53 outside the cabin, the indicator light of the cabin lighted stop button 52 outside the cabin, the indicator light of the cabin lighted mute button 50 outside the cabin, the cabin buzzer 55, the outside cabin buzzer 49, the plateau frequency conversion motor 37, and the plateau electric frequency motor ventilator 38 are all controlled by the output of the PLC 44; the PLC 44 and the cabin touch screen 47 outside the cabin and the cabin touch screen 54 are connected by a network cable through the switch 45 for communication.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] Further, refer to Figure 1 The temperature and humidity control system includes an air-conditioning outdoor unit 2, an air-conditioning indoor unit 14, and an air-conditioning boost drainage pipeline 6. The air-conditioning outdoor unit 2 is installed on the bottom plate of the equipment cabin 1, and the air-conditioning indoor unit 14 is located in the slow-release cabin 15 and is installed on the partition 30. One end of the air-conditioning boost drainage pipeline 6 is connected to the water outlet of the air-conditioning indoor unit 14, and the other end of the air-conditioning boost drainage pipeline 6 passes through the partition 30 and extends out of the equipment cabin 1. The air-conditioning boost drainage pipeline 6 has a vertical pipeline in the equipment cabin 1. It should be noted that when the air conditioner is in use, water needs to be stored in the air-conditioning boost drainage pipeline so that the water storage height in the vertical pipeline, that is, the water pressure, is equal to the cabin pressure working value.

[0051] The air conditioning pressurization drainage line 6 solves the drainage problem of the air conditioner operating in a sealed pressurized cabin. It ensures that the air conditioner drains out of the cabin at the operating pressure while maintaining the cabin seal. This invention uses air conditioning to regulate temperature and humidity. Environmental parameters and equipment operating status information collected by the PLC are displayed on the dual touch screens. When cabin occupants feel stuffy, turning on the air conditioning controls the cabin temperature and humidity, improving their comfort.

[0052] Example 5

[0053] Further, refer to Figure 1The auxiliary system includes a main window intercom 21, a secondary window intercom 48, and a home oxygen detoxification machine 27. The secondary window intercom 48 is installed in the touch screen box 22 outside the cabin, while the main window intercom 21 and the home oxygen detoxification machine 27 are installed on the interior panel near the main cabin door 23 inside the slow-release cabin 15. When needed, the window intercom allows the outside attendant to communicate with those inside to keep abreast of the cabin's conditions. After use, the home oxygen detoxification machine 27 disinfects the cabin for 30 minutes.

[0054] Example 6

[0055] On the basis of the above embodiments, further referring to Figure 1 The pressure increasing and decreasing system includes an air storage tank 5 and a Roots blower 34, which are respectively mounted on the bottom plate of the equipment cabin 1. The Roots blower 34 is connected to a Roots blower air inlet pipe 35 and a Roots blower air outlet pipe 33. One end of the Roots blower air inlet pipe 35 extends outside the equipment cabin 1, and the Roots blower air outlet pipe 33 is connected to the air storage tank 5. The air storage tank 5 is connected to a main air supply pipeline 7, and the outlet of the main air supply pipeline 7 is divided into two routes, one for the left air intake pipe 29 and the other for the right air intake pipe 12. The left air intake pipe 29 and the right air intake pipe 12 respectively pass through the partition 30 and extend into the slow-release cabin 15. After pressure buffering and air filtration in the air storage tank 5, the compressed air enters the slow-release cabin 15 through the left air intake pipe 29 and the right air intake pipe 12 through the main air supply pipeline 7.

[0056] Roots blower 34 serves as an air source and continuously supplies air to the sealed slow-release chamber 15. Roots blower 34 is selected to have an air pressure of 30 kPa and a power of 2.2 kW. Furthermore, Roots blower 34 is connected to a high-speed variable-frequency motor 37 via a belt 36. This high-speed variable-frequency motor 37 is communicatively connected to the PLC control system. The PLC control system controls the speed of this motor to adjust the air flow rate of Roots blower 34. A high-speed variable-frequency motor ventilator 38 is connected to this motor, which is communicatively connected to the PLC control system. This ventilator 38 cannot be adjusted to cool the motor at its rated speed.

[0057] Furthermore, the gas tank 5 is connected to a gas tank bypass 3, one end of which extends outside the equipment compartment 1. A bypass valve 4 is installed on the gas tank bypass 3, which can be manually opened to release pressure when necessary. A flow meter 8 and a pressurization solenoid valve 9 are installed on the main gas supply pipeline 7. The pressurization solenoid valve 9 is communicatively connected to the PLC control system and is used to control the on / off of the main gas supply pipeline 7. A pressure relief pipeline 24 is provided on the slow-release chamber 15. One end of the pressure relief pipeline 24 extends outside the slow-release chamber 15 and is connected to a muffler 25, which is used to reduce the noise of air leakage. A pressure relief solenoid valve 26 is installed on the pressure relief pipeline 24. The pressure relief solenoid valve 26 is located inside the slow-release chamber 15 and is communicatively connected to the PLC control system to control the on / off of the pressure relief pipeline 24.

[0058] Specifically, the gas flow rate is detected by the flow meter 8, and the flow signal is sent to the PLC control system via the analog input expansion module. The pressurization solenoid valve 9 controls the on-off of the main gas supply pipeline 7, and the pressure reduction solenoid valve 26 controls the on-off of the pressure relief pipeline 24. The pressurization solenoid valve 9 is connected to the normally open contact of the relay 43, and the pressure reduction solenoid valve 26 is connected to the normally closed contact of the relay 43. The closing or opening of the relay 43 is controlled by the PLC control system. The full flow rate of the flow meter 8 is 120m 3 / h, can display instantaneous flow and cumulative flow, 24VDC power supply, output signal 4~20mA. The pressurizing solenoid valve 9 and the pressure reducing solenoid valve 26 are straight-through normally closed solenoid valves, powered by 220VAC.

[0059] Example 7

[0060] On the basis of Example 6, the control mechanism of the movable plateau slow-release cabin is designed with a pressurization flow and a ventilation flow. The PLC control system frequency-controlled plateau variable-frequency motor realizes the adjustment of the Roots blower air supply flow. The pressurization flow is small and is designed according to the pressurization rate. It has three fixed frequency switches as the cabin pressure changes, and is used when the segmented pressure is established; the ventilation flow is large and is designed according to the rated number of users. It is also related to the pressure relief rate. The matching fan operating frequency is debugged and set on the touch screen 47 outside the cabin, and is used for stable pressure dynamic ventilation.

[0061] During the pressure-building phase, when Roots blower 34 is used to supply air to the sealed chamber, the air flow rate decreases as the chamber pressure increases. This phenomenon conforms to the critical pressure ratio relationship: when the ratio of the source pressure to the chamber pressure is greater than the critical pressure ratio, the inflation process is sonic, the air flow rate is constant, and the chamber pressure and inflation time have a linear relationship. When the ratio of the source pressure to the chamber pressure is greater than the critical pressure ratio, the inflation velocity decreases, becoming subsonic, the inflation pressure increases, and the air flow rate gradually decreases. From the critical pressure until the end of inflation, the chamber pressure and inflation time have a nonlinear relationship. To overcome the flow instability during the inflation process, three pressure differential ranges, from low to high, are set during the pressure-building phase. Each range corresponds to a fixed frequency. These three fixed frequencies automatically switch according to pressure and ensure a roughly consistent pressurization flow rate, supplying air at a relatively stable pressurization flow rate until the operating pressure reaches the operating value.

[0062] When the cabin pressure reaches the operating value, the pressurization flow automatically becomes the ventilation flow. Air intake and exhaust occur simultaneously, maintaining stable cabin pressure and achieving continuous ventilation. Low oxygen levels and elevated carbon dioxide levels are avoided. Air conditioning regulates temperature and humidity, ensuring clean, fresh air and a stable, comfortable climate. During the pressure-stabilized dynamic ventilation phase, Roots blower 34 operates near the frequency set on touchscreen 47 outside the cabin. The pressure differential between inside and outside the cabin is adjusted within a specified tolerance. The number of adjustments depends on the blower frequency setting. Small deviations from the set frequency result in fewer adjustments, while large deviations result in more frequent adjustments.

[0063] This embodiment also provides a pressure control method for a movable plateau slow-release cabin, including:

[0064] (1) Pressure control method in the stage of segmented pressure establishment:

[0065] During the pressure-building phase, the difference in air pressure between inside and outside the cabin is less than the operating cabin pressure. First, the operating frequency of the Roots blower 34 is set on the touch screen outside the cabin. Then, three pressure difference ranges are set from low to high according to the pressurization rate. Each range corresponds to a fixed frequency. These three fixed frequencies can automatically switch according to the pressure and keep the pressurization flow consistent. Then, the Roots blower 34 supplies air at three fixed-frequency pressurization flows according to the difference in air pressure between inside and outside the cabin until the cabin pressure reaches the set operating value.

[0066] (2) Pressure control method during the pressure-stabilized dynamic ventilation stage:

[0067] During the pressure-stabilized dynamic ventilation phase, the cabin pressure reaches the operating value, and the pressurization flow automatically becomes the ventilation flow. Air intake and exhaust occur simultaneously, and the Roots blower 34 operates within the set frequency range to maintain stable cabin pressure. The pressure differential between the inside and outside of the cabin is controlled within the specified range.

[0068] Example 8

[0069] Based on the above-mentioned pressure control method of segmented pressure establishment and pressure-stabilized dynamic ventilation, the system works as follows:

[0070] Before entering the cabin, use the key switch 40 to power the electrical control box 11, turn the universal conversion switch 41 and use the voltmeter 39 to display the three-phase voltage. 20 kPa, the blower frequency is stabilized at the set value, and the pressure reduction solenoid valve 26 is then closed, and the air inside and outside the cabin begins to circulate at the ventilation flow rate, ensuring that the CO2 and O2 contents are within a safe range during the pressure stabilization phase. If the pressure difference is greater than 21 kPa, the Roots blower 34 pressurizes at a frequency of (set value - 1), that is, during the pressure stabilization phase, the pressure is between 19 kPa and 21 kPa. Adjustment, the number of adjustments depends on the fan frequency setting value. The smaller the setting value deviation, the fewer the adjustments, and the larger the setting value deviation, the more frequent the adjustments. When a certain environmental parameter is greater than the alarm value or the frequency converter 46 fails, the external buzzer 49 and the internal buzzer 55 will simultaneously sound an audible and visual alarm, and the system will automatically shut down in sequence or manually press the external emergency stop button 51 or the internal emergency stop button 57. When the cabin personnel feel stuffy, turn on the air conditioner to control the cabin temperature and humidity to improve the cabin personnel's comfort. When necessary, turn on the window intercom so that the cabin personnel and the external duty personnel can communicate and learn about the cabin situation in time. After use, press the external lighted stop button 52 or the internal lighted stop button 58 to stop pressurization, the Roots blower 34 and the pressurization solenoid valve 9 will stop working, and the pressure will automatically decrease to 0.5kPa after about 10 minutes. The pressure reduction solenoid valve 26 will stop working, and the main cabin door 23 will be opened to leave the cabin. When not in use for a long time, the control system will be powered off. When the automatic / manual selection switch 42 is turned to the manual position, the pressurizing solenoid valve, the reducing solenoid valve, the plateau variable frequency motor, and the plateau variable frequency motor ventilator can be manually started and stopped.

[0071] In summary, the present invention can simulate a low-altitude atmospheric pressure environment and maintain a stable cabin pressure by establishing a dynamic ventilation system in a movable plateau sealed slow-release cabin according to the segmented pressure establishment and pressure-stabilizing dynamic ventilation control method. Ventilation continuously updates the cabin air without causing a decrease in oxygen content or an increase in carbon dioxide content. The air conditioner normally regulates the temperature and humidity in the pressurized cabin to ensure that the gas in the sealed pressurized cabin is clean and fresh, and the climate environment is stable and comfortable. It is suitable for use by multiple plateau field construction workers, and realizes controllability and visualization during use. It operates stably and well, can quickly alleviate and temporarily eliminate altitude sickness in plateau field construction workers, and can be used in areas with different altitudes.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present invention, and that in actual applications, various changes may be made thereto in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure control method for a movable plateau slow-release cabin, characterized in that: include Pressure control method in the stage of segmented pressure building: During the pressure building phase, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the slow-release chamber is less than the working chamber pressure. First, the operating frequency of the Roots blower (34) is set on the touch screen box (22) outside the chamber. Then, three pressure difference ranges between the inside and outside of the chamber are set from low to high according to the pressurization rate. Each range corresponds to a fixed frequency. These three fixed frequencies can automatically switch according to the pressure and keep the pressurization flow rate consistent. Then, the Roots blower (34) supplies air at three fixed-frequency pressurization flows according to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the chamber until the pressure inside the chamber reaches the set working value. Pressure control method during the pressure-stabilized dynamic ventilation stage: During the pressure-stabilized dynamic ventilation stage, the cabin pressure reaches the working value, and the pressurization flow automatically changes to the ventilation flow. At this time, the cabin air intake and exhaust are carried out simultaneously, and the Roots blower (34) operates within the set frequency range to maintain the cabin pressure stable and control the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cabin within the specified range; The method is implemented through a control mechanism of a movable plateau slow-release cabin, wherein the control mechanism comprises at least a cabin body, an environmental detection system, a pressure increase and decrease system, a temperature and humidity control system, a UPS uninterruptible power supply (10), a PLC control system and a towing vehicle (16). The interior of the cabin is divided into an equipment cabin (1) and a slow-release cabin (15) by a partition (30); one end of the slow-release cabin (15) has an opening, and a main cabin door (23) is sealed at the opening; the slow-release cabin (15) and the equipment cabin (1) are integrally mounted on a trailer (16); The environmental detection system, pressure increasing and decreasing system, temperature and humidity control system, UPS uninterruptible power supply (10) and PLC control system are installed on the slow-release cabin (15) or the equipment cabin (1), and the environmental detection system, pressure increasing and decreasing system, temperature and humidity control system, UPS uninterruptible power supply (10) are electrically connected to the PLC control system respectively; the temperature and humidity control system includes an air-conditioning outdoor unit (2), an air-conditioning indoor unit (14), and an air-conditioning pressurization drainage pipeline (6); the air-conditioning outdoor unit (2) is installed on the bottom plate of the equipment cabin (1); the air-conditioning indoor unit (14) is located in the slow-release cabin (15) and is installed on the partition (30); one end of the air-conditioning pressurization drainage pipeline (6) is connected to the water outlet of the air-conditioning indoor unit (14); the other end of the air-conditioning pressurization drainage pipeline (6) passes through the partition (30) and extends out of the equipment cabin (1); The PLC control system controls the pressure increase and decrease system according to the corresponding pressure control method based on the air pressure difference obtained by subtracting the air pressure values ​​inside and outside the slow-release cabin provided by the environmental detection system to realize automatic process control of segmented pressure establishment and pressure-stabilized dynamic ventilation; the PLC control system includes an electrical control box (11), a frequency converter box (31), an off-cabin touch screen box (22) and an on-cabin touch screen box (13); the electrical control box (11) and the frequency converter box (31) are located in the equipment cabin (1) and are respectively installed on the partition (30); the UPS uninterruptible power supply (10) is installed on the bottom plate of the equipment cabin (1) and is located at the bottom of the electrical control box (11); the on-cabin touch screen box (13) is located in the slow-release cabin (15) and is installed on the partition (30); the off-cabin touch screen box (22) is installed outside the slow-release cabin (15) and is located on the right side of the main cabin door (23); The environmental detection system includes an oxygen sensor (17), a carbon dioxide sensor (18), a temperature and humidity sensor (19), an in-cabin pressure sensor (20), and an out-cabin pressure sensor (32). The out-cabin pressure sensor (32) is installed on the interior panel of the equipment cabin (1). The in-cabin pressure sensor (20), the oxygen sensor (17), the carbon dioxide sensor (18), and the temperature and humidity sensor (19) are installed on the interior panel of the slow-release cabin (15). The oxygen sensor (17), the carbon dioxide sensor (18), the temperature and humidity sensor (19), the in-cabin pressure sensor (20), and the out-cabin pressure sensor (32) are respectively connected to the PLC control system signal. The electrical control box (11) is provided with a PLC (44), and the frequency converter box (31) is provided with a frequency converter (46). The frequency converter (46) adopts an analog working mode and performs frequency acquisition and control through the PLC analog input or output expansion module; the cabin pressure sensor (20) and the cabin pressure sensor (32) transmit the real-time detected internal and external air pressure values ​​of the slow-release cabin to the PLC (44), and the PLC (44) compares the air pressure difference obtained by subtracting the internal and external air pressure values ​​of the slow-release cabin with the set value, and adjusts the speed of the high-altitude variable frequency motor (37) through the frequency converter (46) according to the comparison result to adjust the air supply flow of the Roots blower (34); the air supply flow is designed to include a pressurization flow and a ventilation flow, and the pressurization flow is designed according to the pressurization rate, and has three fixed frequency switches as the cabin pressure changes, and is used when the segmented pressure is established; the ventilation flow is designed according to the rated number of users and is also related to the pressure relief rate, and is used when the pressure is stabilized and dynamically ventilated.

2. The pressure control method for a movable plateau sustained-release capsule according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure increasing and decreasing system comprises an air storage tank (5) and a Roots blower (34). The air storage tank (5) and the Roots blower (34) are respectively mounted on the bottom plate of the equipment cabin (1). The Roots blower (34) is connected to a Roots blower air inlet pipe (35) and a Roots blower air outlet pipe (33). One end of the Roots blower air inlet pipe (35) extends out of the equipment cabin (1). The Roots blower air outlet pipe (33) is connected to the air storage tank (5). The air storage tank (5) is connected to an air supply main pipeline (7). The outlet of the air supply main pipeline (7) is divided into two routes, one being a left air inlet pipe (29) and the other being a right air inlet pipe (12). The left air inlet pipe (29) and the right air inlet pipe (12) respectively pass through the partition (30) and extend into the slow-release cabin (15).

3. The pressure control method for a movable plateau sustained-release capsule according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Roots blower (34) is connected to a plateau variable frequency motor (37) via a belt (36), and the plateau variable frequency motor (37) is connected to a plateau variable frequency motor ventilator (38). The plateau variable frequency motor (37) and the plateau variable frequency motor ventilator (38) are respectively connected to the PLC control system for communication. The plateau variable frequency motor (37) is frequency-controlled by the PLC control system to achieve adjustment of the air supply flow rate of the Roots blower (34).

4. The pressure control method for a movable plateau sustained-release capsule according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas storage tank (5) is connected to a gas storage tank bypass (3), one end of which extends out of the equipment cabin (1), and a bypass valve (4) is installed on the gas storage tank bypass (3); a flow meter (8) and a pressurizing solenoid valve (9) are installed on the gas supply main pipeline (7), and the pressurizing solenoid valve (9) is connected to the PLC control system for communication and is used to control the on-off of the gas supply main pipeline (7); a pressure relief pipeline (24) is provided on the slow release cabin (15), and a pressure reducing solenoid valve (26) is installed on the pressure relief pipeline (24), and the pressure reducing solenoid valve (26) is connected to the PLC control system for communication and is used to control the on-off of the pressure relief pipeline (24).

5. The pressure control method for a movable plateau sustained-release capsule according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The control mechanism also includes an auxiliary system, which includes a window intercom main unit (21), a window intercom auxiliary unit (48) and a household active oxygen detoxification machine (27). The window intercom auxiliary unit (48) is installed in an outside touch screen box (22), and the window intercom main unit (21) and the household active oxygen detoxification machine (27) are installed on an interior panel on one side of the slow-release cabin (15) close to the main cabin door (23).

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