Circumferential cutting drill

Abstract

The present invention provides an annular seam cutting drill, which belongs to the technical field of drilling tools. It solves the problem of poor slag discharge in existing annular seam cutting drills. The annular seam cutting drill includes a drill barrel and a plurality of drill teeth arranged at the head end of the drill barrel, and each drill tooth is provided with at least one water inlet channel and at least one air inlet channel, and the water inlet channel and the air inlet channel are independently arranged. Since the water inlet channel and the air inlet channel corresponding to each drill tooth are independent, the water inlet channel and the air inlet channel each have their own functions, water is used for cooling and dust removal, and air is used for slag removal, and the drill teeth are cooled separately, with good cooling effect. The total flow rate of air entering the independent air inlet channel is large, so that the slag discharge amount is large, which greatly reduces the adhesion of the drill slag to the drill barrel and can meet the needs of high-speed drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling tools and relates to an annular seam cutting drill. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, tunneling is a common means of non-explosive excavation of rock, that is, using a horizontal annular seam drill to drill annular seams on the face of the rock, destroy the rock boundary, create an open surface, and facilitate rock peeling. The drill head of the annular seam drill is a drill tooth, which has a large friction with the rock during the cutting process and is prone to high temperature. The drill tooth needs to be cooled during drilling, and a large amount of drill cuttings are generated, which need to be discharged.

[0003] For example, a Chinese patent discloses an annular seam coring drilling device with a water-through spiral drill barrel [application publication number is CN112031687A], in which a water hole is provided on the coring drill bit to facilitate the delivery of cooling water to the drill blade position to cool the drill blade and the coring drill bit. During the delivery process, the cooling water cools the drill barrel and discharges the drilling cuttings.

[0004] In the above device, the cooling water entering through the water holes cools the core drill bit and the drill barrel, and at the same time plays a role in discharging drill cuttings. Due to the small number and small diameter of the water holes, the water flow rate is small, and there is no one-to-one correspondence with the drill teeth, resulting in poor cooling effect on the drill teeth. At the same time, the speed of the water flow is low, and it is difficult to achieve rapid slag discharge, which cannot meet the high-speed drilling requirements of the drilling device. If the number of water holes is increased and enlarged, the increase in water volume will waste water resources, and a large amount of silt will be generated on the construction surface, which will bring great inconvenience to the construction work. If a mixture of air and water is used, the air occupies the radial space of the waterway, and the cooling effect on the drill teeth cannot be achieved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems in the prior art and to provide a ring seam cutting drill capable of rapid slag removal.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The annular seam cutting drill comprises a drill barrel and a plurality of drill teeth arranged at the head end of the drill barrel, each drill tooth is correspondingly provided with a water-gas feeding structure, the water-gas feeding structure comprises at least one water inlet channel and at least one air inlet channel, and the water inlet channel and the air inlet channel located in the same water-gas feeding structure are independently arranged.

[0008] When the annular drill is drilling, the gap between the drill barrel and the rock is very small, and the drill cuttings are difficult to discharge. In order to meet the needs of high-speed drilling, the drill cuttings must be discharged quickly during drilling. Compared with water, which has a fixed volume, the volume of gas can be compressed and changed, the released volume is large, and the gas flow rate is fast, which can reach several times the water flow rate. The purpose of rapid slag discharge can be achieved through gas slag discharge. The water inlet channel and air inlet channel corresponding to each drill tooth are independent, and the water inlet channel and the air inlet channel have their own functions. Water cools the drill teeth for dust removal and gas for slag discharge. Water cools the drill teeth separately, and the cooling effect is good. The total flow rate of gas entering the independent air inlet channel is large, the slag discharge speed is fast, and the slag discharge volume is large, which greatly reduces the adhesion of the drill cuttings to the drill barrel and can meet the needs of high-speed drilling.

[0009] In the above-mentioned annular seam cutting drill, a plurality of drill teeth are circumferentially distributed at the head end of the drill tube, and a water-gas feeding structure is provided between every two adjacent drill teeth, and the water-gas feeding structure and the drill teeth corresponding thereto are arranged in sequence from front to back along the rotation direction of the drill tube. The water-gas feeding structure is located at the front side of the drill teeth corresponding thereto, and water and gas are fed into the drill teeth by the water-gas feeding structure before the drill teeth cut the rock. During cutting, water can timely cool the drill teeth, and the drill cuttings produced can be directly taken out by the gas.

[0010] In the above-mentioned annular seam cutting drill, the water-gas feeding structure includes a water inlet channel and an air inlet channel, and the air inlet channel, the water inlet channel and the drill teeth corresponding thereto, which are located in the same water-gas feeding structure, are arranged in sequence from front to back along the rotation direction of the drill tube. In this way, the water inlet channel is closer to the drill teeth corresponding thereto, further improving the cooling effect on the drill teeth.

[0011] During cutting, the water entering through the water inlet channel can cool the drill teeth in time, and the high-pressure gas entering through the air inlet channel can discharge the slag in time. The water and gas enter in separate streams, reducing the amount of water used and the siltation on the working surface. The cooling effect on the drill teeth is good, and at the same time, the slag discharge volume is large, and there is no siltation on the working surface.

[0012] In some other structures, when one air inlet channel cannot meet the slag removal requirements, two or more air inlet channels may be provided, that is, the water-gas feeding structure includes two or more air inlet channels and one water inlet channel, and both air inlet channels are far away from the corresponding drill teeth.

[0013] In the above annular seam cutting drill, the water inlet channel is set to penetrate the drill tube from the tail end to the head end of the drill tube; the air inlet channel is set to penetrate the drill tube from the tail end to the head end of the drill tube. Specifically, both the water inlet channel and the air inlet channel are set to penetrate the wall thickness of the drill tube.

[0014] In the above-mentioned annular seam cutting drill, the water inlet channel is arranged close to the drill teeth arranged correspondingly thereto, and the water outlet nozzle of the water inlet channel is directly facing the drill blade of the drill teeth arranged correspondingly thereto, and the air outlet head of the air inlet channel avoids the drill teeth arranged correspondingly thereto. In this arrangement, the cooling water can directly impact the drill blade, which can quickly cool the drill teeth and soak the freshly cut drill cuttings in time, and only a small water pressure and a small amount of water are needed to meet the purpose of cooling the drill teeth and removing dust, saving water resources; the air outlet head of the air inlet channel avoids the drill teeth arranged correspondingly thereto, and the high-pressure gas flowing out of the air outlet head will not blow away the cooling water at the drill teeth, further improving the cooling effect on the drill teeth, and the discharged drill cuttings are dust-free.

[0015] In the above-mentioned annular seam cutting drill, the drill teeth include outer drill teeth located on the outside of the drill barrel and inner drill teeth located on the inside of the drill barrel. The outer drill teeth are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill barrel, and the inner drill teeth are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill barrel. The number of the outer drill teeth is equal to that of the inner drill teeth.

[0016] The front end of the outer drill teeth is inclined outward along the radial direction of the drill tube, and the front end of the inner drill teeth is inclined inward along the radial direction of the drill tube. Through the simultaneous cutting of the inner and outer drill teeth, the width of the cut annular seam can be made greater than the thickness of the drill tube, which is convenient for slag discharge. Because most of the drill slag is discharged from the outer circular seam of the drill tube under the action of the centrifugal force of the drill tube, the outward inclination of the head end of the outer drill teeth is greater than the inward inclination of the head end of the inner drill teeth.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the annular seam cutting drill has the following advantages: each drill tooth is provided with a water inlet channel and an air inlet channel, water and gas enter in separate flows, the air intake volume can reach a maximum, the water inlet channel is arranged close to the drill tooth arranged correspondingly thereto, the water outlet nozzle of the water inlet channel is directly facing the drill blade of the drill tooth arranged correspondingly thereto, the water entering the water inlet channel can cool the drill tooth in time during cutting, and the cooling effect on the drill tooth is good, the air outlet head of the air inlet channel avoids the drill tooth arranged correspondingly thereto, and the cooling water at the drill tooth will not be blown away, and the cooling of the drill tooth will not be affected, the gas volume is variable, and the flow rate can reach dozens of times the water flow rate, and the gas slag discharge can achieve the purpose of rapid slag discharge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the annular seam cutting drill provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a front view of the annular seam cutting drill bit end provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drill barrel provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a front view of the drill pipe head end provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5It is a partial cross-sectional view of the annular seam cutting drill provided by the present invention.

[0023] In the figure, 1, drill tube; 2, water inlet channel; 21, water outlet nozzle; 3, air inlet channel; 31, air outlet head; 4, external pin groove; 5, internal pin groove; 6, external tooth seat; 7, external drill teeth; 8, internal tooth seat; 9, internal drill teeth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0025] like Figure 1 and 2 The annular seam cutting drill shown includes a drill tube 1, and the head end of the drill tube 1 (the end of the drill tube 1 close to the rock during drilling) is provided with six drill teeth distributed along the annular direction of the drill tube 1. Specifically, the drill teeth include three external drill teeth 7 located on the outside of the drill tube 1 and three internal drill teeth 9 located on the inside of the drill tube 1, the three external drill teeth 7 are evenly distributed along the annular direction of the drill tube 1, and the three internal drill teeth 9 are evenly distributed along the annular direction of the drill tube 1, and the external drill teeth 7 and the internal drill teeth 9 are arranged alternately.

[0026] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the outer side of the drill tube 1 has three outer pin grooves 4, which are equal in number to the outer drill teeth 7 and are arranged one-to-one, and the inner side of the drill tube 1 has three inner pin grooves 5, which are equal in number to the inner drill teeth 9 and are arranged one-to-one. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an external tooth seat 6 is fixed in the external pin groove 4 by bolts, an external drill tooth 7 is fixed on the external tooth seat 6, the front end of the external drill tooth 7 is inclined radially outward along the drill tube 1, and a drill blade is provided at the front end of the external drill tooth 7. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an internal tooth seat 8 is fixed in the internal pin groove 5 by bolts, an internal drill tooth 9 is fixed on the internal tooth seat 8, the front end of the internal drill tooth 9 is inclined radially inwardly along the drill tube 1, and a drill blade is provided at the front end of the internal drill tooth 9.

[0027] By cutting the inner drill teeth 9 and the outer drill teeth 7 simultaneously, the width of the cut annular seam is greater than the thickness of the drill tube 1, which is convenient for slag discharge. Because most of the drill cuttings are discharged from the outer circular seam of the drill tube 1 under the action of the centrifugal force of the drill tube 1, the outward inclination of the head end of the outer drill teeth 7 is slightly greater than the inward inclination of the head end of the inner drill teeth 9.

[0028] In this embodiment, each drill tooth is provided with a corresponding water-gas feed structure, and the water-gas feed structure includes at least one water inlet channel 2 and at least one air inlet channel 3. The water inlet channel 2 and the air inlet channel 3 located in the same water-gas feed structure are independently arranged, and the water inlet channel 2 and the air inlet channel 3 are arranged in the wall thickness of the drill barrel 1.

[0029] When the annular drill is drilling, the gap between the drill barrel 1 and the rock is very small, and the drill cuttings are difficult to discharge. In order to meet the needs of high-speed drilling, the drill cuttings must be discharged quickly during drilling. Compared with water, whose volume is immutable, the volume of gas can be compressed and changed, the released volume is large, and the gas flow rate is fast, which can reach several times the water flow rate. The purpose of rapid slag discharge can be achieved through gas slag discharge. The water inlet channel 2 and the air inlet channel 3 corresponding to each drill tooth are independent. The water inlet channel 2 and the air inlet channel 3 perform their respective functions, water cooling and dust removal, gas slag discharge, water cooling the drill teeth separately, and the cooling effect is good. The total flow rate of gas entering the independent air inlet channel 3 is large, the slag discharge speed is fast, and the slag discharge volume is large, which greatly reduces the adhesion of the drill cuttings to the drill barrel 1 and can meet the needs of high-speed drilling.

[0030] In this embodiment, a water-gas feeding structure is provided between every two adjacent drill teeth, and the water-gas feeding structure and the drill teeth corresponding thereto are arranged in sequence from front to back along the rotation direction of the drill tube 1. The water-gas feeding structure is located at the front side of the drill teeth corresponding thereto, and water and gas are fed into the water-gas feeding structure before the drill teeth cut the rock. During cutting, water can cool the drill teeth in time, and the drill cuttings produced can be directly taken out by the gas.

[0031] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the water-gas feeding structure includes a water inlet channel 2 and an air inlet channel 3. The air inlet channel 3, the water inlet channel 2 and the drill teeth corresponding thereto in the same water-gas feeding structure are arranged in sequence from front to back along the rotation direction of the drill tube 1 ( Figure 2 , Figure 4 The water inlet channel 2 is closer to the drill teeth corresponding to the water inlet channel 2, thereby further improving the cooling effect on the drill teeth.

[0032] During cutting, the water entering through the water inlet channel 2 can cool the drill teeth in time, and the high-pressure gas entering through the air inlet channel 3 can discharge the slag in time. The water and gas enter in separate streams, reducing the amount of water used and the siltation on the working surface. The cooling effect on the drill teeth is good, and at the same time, the slag discharge volume is large, and there is no siltation on the working surface, so that the construction site remains dry.

[0033] like Figure 5As shown, the water inlet channel 2 is arranged along the wall thickness of the drill tube 1 and penetrates the drill tube 1 from the tail to the head. The air inlet channel 3 is arranged along the wall thickness of the drill tube 1 and penetrates the drill tube 1 from the tail to the head. Specifically, the water inlet channel 2 is arranged close to the drill teeth arranged correspondingly thereto, and the water outlet nozzle 21 of the water inlet channel 2 is directly facing the drill blade of the drill teeth arranged correspondingly thereto, and the air outlet head 31 of the air inlet channel 3 avoids the drill teeth arranged correspondingly thereto. With such an arrangement, the cooling water can directly impact the drill blade, which can quickly cool the drill teeth and wet the freshly cut drill cuttings in time. Only a relatively small water pressure and a small amount of water are required to meet the purpose of cooling the drill teeth and removing dust, thereby saving water resources; the air outlet head 31 of the air inlet channel 3 avoids the drill teeth arranged correspondingly thereto, and the high-pressure gas flowing out of the air outlet head 31 will not blow away the cooling water at the drill teeth, thereby further improving the cooling effect on the drill teeth.

[0034] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An annular seam cutting drill, comprising a drill barrel (1) and a plurality of drill teeth arranged at the head end of the drill barrel (1), characterized in that: Each drill tooth is provided with a corresponding water-gas feeding structure, the water-gas feeding structure comprising at least one water inlet channel (2) and at least one air inlet channel (3), the water inlet channel (2) and the air inlet channel (3) located in the same water-gas feeding structure are independently arranged; the air inlet channel (3), the water inlet channel (2) and the drill teeth corresponding thereto located in the same water-gas feeding structure are arranged in sequence from front to back along the rotation direction of the drill tube (1); the drill teeth comprise an outer drill tooth (7) located on the outside of the drill tube (1) and an inner drill tooth (9) located on the inside of the drill tube (1), the outer drill tooth (7) ) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill tube (1), and the inner drill teeth (9) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill tube (1); the outer side of the drill tube (1) has an outer pin groove (4) which is equal in number to the outer drill teeth (7) and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, an outer tooth seat (6) is fixed in the outer pin groove (4) by bolts, and the outer drill teeth (7) are fixed on the outer tooth seat (6); the inner side of the drill tube (1) has an inner pin groove (5) which is equal in number to the inner drill teeth (9) and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, an inner tooth seat (8) is fixed in the inner pin groove (5) by bolts, and the inner drill teeth (9) are fixed on the inner tooth seat (8).

2. The annular seam cutting drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of drill teeth are circumferentially distributed at the head end of the drill tube (1), a water-gas feeding structure is provided between every two adjacent drill teeth, and the water-gas feeding structure and the drill teeth corresponding thereto are arranged in sequence from front to back along the rotation direction of the drill tube (1).

3. The annular seam cutting drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet channel (2) is arranged close to the drill teeth arranged correspondingly thereto, and the water outlet nozzle of the water inlet channel (2) directly faces the drill blade of the drill teeth arranged correspondingly thereto, and the air outlet nozzle of the air inlet channel (3) avoids the drill teeth arranged correspondingly thereto.

4. The annular seam cutting drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet channel (2) is arranged along the rear end of the drill tube (1) and passes through the drill tube (1) in the direction of the head; and the air inlet channel (3) is arranged along the rear end of the drill tube (1) and passes through the drill tube (1) in the direction of the head.

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