A three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device

Abstract

The present invention provides a three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device, wherein the bottom of an azimuth motion-enabling roll base assembly (2) is rotatably sleeved on a stepped cylinder of a device base and an azimuth motion axis assembly (1); the bottom of a roll motion-enabling pitch base assembly (4) is a first semi-cylinder (4a) matched with a cylindrical groove (2b); the upper portion of the roll motion axis assembly (3) is provided with a roll motion axis (3c) inserted into the first semi-cylinder (4a); the top of the roll motion-enabling pitch base assembly (4) is provided with a pitch motion axis (4d); the bottom of a pitch motion-enabling and antenna mounting base assembly (5) is sleeved on the pitch motion axis (4d); and the antenna is fixed to the top of the pitch motion-enabling and antenna mounting base assembly (5). The design structure is compact, the antenna three-axis attitude adjustment process is quick and convenient, and the efficiency of the antenna or radome electrical performance test can be effectively improved, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of aviation technology and relates to a three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device. Background Art

[0002] The attitude adjustment of the antenna in three axes in space (azimuth, roll, and pitch) is a necessary function for the electrical performance test of the antenna or radome. It is mainly used for coarse adjustment when aligning the electrical axis of the transmitting and receiving antennas. Usually, the azimuth attitude of the antenna is adjusted with reference to a specific symmetrical structural point on the test turntable, and the roll and pitch attitudes of the antenna are adjusted with reference to the plumb line.

[0003] Currently, there is no universal three-axis attitude adjustment device for antennas or radomes during electrical performance tests. Generally, the bolt holes on the two vertical surfaces of an L-shaped workpiece are used as rotation axes to achieve two-axis attitude adjustment of the antenna's azimuth and roll. The pitch-axis attitude is adjusted by a wedge-shaped material placed between two structural members (Note: the lower horizontal surface of the L-shaped workpiece and the upper horizontal surface of the antenna mounting support rod). Furthermore, deviations are prone to occur when tightening the bolts after adjustment, making the three-axis attitude adjustment of the antenna time-consuming and labor-intensive, seriously affecting test efficiency and accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention:

[0005] The present invention provides a three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device with a compact structure and a quick and convenient adjustment process. Combined with universal adapter tooling for different types of antenna interfaces, it can complete three-axis attitude adjustment of horn antennas, broadband antennas, and flat slot array antennas commonly used in antenna or radome electrical performance tests, and has good adaptability.

[0006] Technical solution:

[0007] The present invention provides a three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device, comprising: a device base and azimuth motion axis assembly 1, an azimuth motion-coupling and roll base assembly 2, a roll motion axis assembly 3, a roll motion-coupling and pitch base assembly 4, and a pitch motion-coupling and antenna mounting base assembly 5; wherein,

[0008] The device base and the azimuth motion axis assembly 1 are fixedly arranged, and a stepped cylinder is arranged on the top surface of the device base and the azimuth motion axis assembly 1;

[0009] The bottom of the azimuth motion imparting rolling base assembly 2 is rotatably sleeved on the stepped cylinder, and a cylindrical groove 2b is provided on the top;

[0010] The bottom of the roll motion imparting pitch base assembly 4 is a first semi-circular cylinder 4a, which matches the cylindrical groove 2b;

[0011] The lower portion of the roll motion axis assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the azimuth motion imparting roll base assembly 2, and the upper portion is provided with a roll motion axis 3c. The roll motion axis 3c is passed through the first semi-circular cylinder 4a, and the roll motion imparting pitch base assembly 4 rolls around the roll motion axis 3c.

[0012] The top of the roll motion imparting pitch base assembly 4 is provided with a pitch motion axis 4d;

[0013] The bottom of the pitch motion pair and antenna mounting base assembly 5 is sleeved on the pitch motion axis 4d and pitches and rotates around the pitch motion axis 4d;

[0014] The antenna is fixed on the top of the pitch motion pair and antenna mounting base assembly 5.

[0015] Optionally, the device base and azimuth motion axis assembly 1 further includes a base;

[0016] Two first through holes 1a are provided on both sides of the base, and the base is fixed by bolts passing through the two first through holes 1a; the stepped cylinder is provided on the base;

[0017] The stepped cylinder includes, from bottom to top, a cylindrical azimuth motion shaft 1b and a cylindrical connecting shaft 1c; the diameter of the cylindrical azimuth motion shaft 1b is larger than the size of the cylindrical connecting shaft 1c.

[0018] Optionally, a ring 2a is provided at the bottom of the azimuth motion imparting roll base assembly 2;

[0019] The ring 2a is provided with a stepped groove inside that matches the outer shape of the stepped cylinder, and the ring 2a is rotatably sleeved on the stepped cylinder;

[0020] The cylindrical connecting shaft 1c is provided with a second through hole 1c1 perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylindrical connecting shaft 1c, and the second through hole 1c1 is used to pass a cylindrical pin;

[0021] The bottom of the cylindrical groove 2b is provided with a third through hole 2b1 connected to the stepped groove, and a long groove 2b2 along the length direction of the cylindrical groove 2b. A circular concave hole 2b3 is provided on the long side of the long groove 2b2. The long groove 2b2 and the circular concave hole 2b3 serve as the rotation space of the cylindrical pin.

[0022] Optionally, the outer circumference of the ring 2a has a top screw hole 2a1 with an internal thread along the radial direction;

[0023] The device base and the azimuth motion shaft assembly 1 and the azimuth motion imparting rolling base assembly 2 are fixed by pins inserted into the top screw through holes 2a1.

[0024] Optionally, a first oblique through hole 2b5 with an internal thread is provided on the side arm of the cylindrical groove 2b, and the axis of the first oblique through hole 2b5 is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical groove 2b;

[0025] The azimuth motion imparting roll base assembly 2 and the roll motion imparting pitch base assembly 4 are fixed by pins passing through the first oblique through holes 2b5.

[0026] Optionally, the rolling motion axis assembly 3 includes a rectangular fixed plate;

[0027] The lower portion of the rectangular fixed plate is connected to the side bolts of the azimuth motion imparting roll base assembly 2;

[0028] A second semi-circular cylinder 3a is processed on the upper part of the rectangular fixed plate, and the rolling motion axis 3c is vertically fixed on the second semi-circular cylinder 3a.

[0029] Optionally, the axis of the first semi-circular cylinder 4a is perpendicular to the axis of the pitch motion axis 4d.

[0030] Optionally, the top of the roll motion imparting pitch base assembly 4 includes a rectangular parallelepiped base, the rectangular parallelepiped base is provided with a cavity 4c, and the axial direction of the cavity 4c is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first semi-circular cylinder 4a;

[0031] A third semi-circular cylinder 4e is provided on the upper portion of the rectangular parallelepiped base, and the pitch motion axis 4d is fixed on the third semi-circular cylinder 4e, and the axis of the pitch motion axis 4d coincides with the axis of the third semi-circular cylinder 4e.

[0032] Optionally, the top of the pitch motion pair and antenna mounting base assembly 5 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the bottom is a fourth semi-circular cylinder 5a. A second axial hole 5b is provided in the fourth semi-circular cylinder 5a, and the pitch motion axis 4d is passed through the second axial hole 5b.

[0033] A semi-cylindrical arc 5c is provided on the top of the pitch motion supporting antenna mounting base assembly 5. The semi-cylindrical arc 5c has the same diameter as the fourth semi-cylinder 5a and their axes coincide with each other.

[0034] Optionally, a second oblique through hole 4f with an internal thread is provided on the side arm of the cavity 4c, and the axis of the second oblique through hole 4f is perpendicular to the axis of the pitch motion axis 4d;

[0035] The roll motion applying and pitching base assembly 4 and the pitch motion applying and antenna mounting base assembly 5 are fixed by pins passing through the second oblique through holes 4f.

[0036] The present invention provides a three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device, in which the azimuth axis intersects with the roll and pitch axes in space, and the three axes are perpendicular to each other, ensuring that the three axes are orthogonal to each other; the three-axis attitudes are adjusted independently, the adjustment process is simple to operate, and the test efficiency can be greatly improved; the material is made of aluminum alloy, which is light in weight and has good strength; the manufacturing process adopts CNC machining, with high machining precision, ensuring the flexibility of each motion pair. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device;

[0038] Figure 2 It is the device base and azimuth motion axis assembly 1;

[0039] Figure 3 It is the azimuth motion imparting roll base assembly 2;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a rolling motion axis component 3;

[0041] Figure 5 It is the roll motion imparting pitch base assembly 4;

[0042] Figure 6 The pitch motion and antenna mounting base assembly 5;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the adjustment process of the three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device;

[0044] Description of reference numerals:

[0045] 1—Device base and azimuth motion axis assembly;

[0046] 2—azimuth motion imparting roll base assembly;

[0047] 3—Roll motion axis assembly;

[0048] 4—Roll motion imparting pitch base assembly;

[0049] 5—Pitch motion and antenna mounting base assembly;

[0050] 1a—first through hole; 1b—azimuth motion axis;

[0051] 1c—cylindrical connecting shaft; 1c1—second through hole;

[0052] 2a—ring; 2a1—top screw through hole;

[0053] 2b—cylindrical groove; 2b1—third through hole;

[0054] 2b2—long groove; 2b3—circular concave hole;

[0055] 2b4—first blind hole; 2b5—first oblique through hole;

[0056] 3a—second semi-circular cylinder; 3b—fourth through hole;

[0057] 3c—rolling motion axis; 3c1—fifth through hole;

[0058] 4a—first semi-cylinder; 4b—first axial hole;

[0059] 4c—cavity; 4d—pitch motion axis;

[0060] 4d1—sixth through hole; 4e—third semi-cylinder;

[0061] 4f—second oblique through hole;

[0062] 5a—fourth semi-cylinder; 5b—second axial hole;

[0063] 5c—semi-cylindrical arc; 5d—second blind hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0065] The electrical axis alignment process for commonly used horn, broadband, and flat slot array antennas involves using technical means to align the spatial axes of the main beams of the transmitting and receiving antennas. Based on antenna radiation principles, the main beam of these antennas is directly in front of the geometric center of the antenna's radiating aperture. The three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment mechanism operates by adjusting the geometric center of the antenna's radiating aperture in three directions to align or parallelize the axes (longitudinal, transverse, and vertical) used during turntable calibration.

[0066] Based on the principle of antenna electric axis alignment and the design concept of easy operation, a three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device was designed (see Figures 1 to 6 ), specific implementation methods combined Figure 7 The present invention is described in further detail:

[0067] The technical solution of the present invention provides a three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device as follows Figure 1 The device comprises: a device base and azimuth motion axis assembly 1, an azimuth motion supporting and rolling base assembly 2, a rolling motion axis assembly 3, a rolling motion supporting and pitching base assembly 4, and a pitching motion supporting and antenna mounting base assembly 5.

[0068] The device base and azimuth motion axis assembly 1 are processed with two first through holes 1a on the rectangular base to connect with the antenna installation related structure; there is a cylindrical azimuth motion axis 1b on the rectangular base; there is a cylindrical connecting axis 1c on the azimuth motion axis boss to connect with the azimuth motion pair and roll base assembly 2, and there is a second through hole 1c1 along the diameter direction of the connecting axis near the top of the cylindrical connecting axis 1c for installing a cylindrical pin.

[0069] The azimuth motion pair and roll base assembly 2 has a ring 2a below the assembly 2, the inner circle of the ring is the outer circle of the azimuth motion pair, and rotates along the azimuth motion axis 1b of the device base and the azimuth motion axis assembly 1; the outer circumference of the ring has a top screw through hole 2a1 with an internal thread along the radial direction; above the assembly 2 is a cylindrical groove 2b formed by digging out a semi-cylinder on the rectangular parallelepiped; at the bottom of the cylindrical groove 2b, there is a third through hole 2b1 connected to the connecting shaft 1c of the device base and the azimuth motion axis assembly 1, A long groove 2b2 along the length direction is used to install the cylindrical pin on the cylindrical connecting shaft, and there is a circular recessed hole 2b3 as the rotation space of the cylindrical pin, and the recessed hole 2b3 is the same depth as the long groove 2b2; there are four first blind holes 2b4 with internal threads on one side of the length direction of the bottom of the cylindrical groove 2b, which are used to connect the rolling motion shaft assembly 3; there is a first oblique through hole 2b5 with internal threads on one side of the width direction of the bottom of the cylindrical groove 2b, and the axis of the first oblique through hole 2b5 intersects with the axis of the cylindrical groove 2b vertically in space.

[0070] The rolling motion axis assembly 3 is a rectangular parallelepiped with a second semi-cylinder 3a processed on one side, and four fourth through holes 3b on the other side connected to the four first blind holes 2b4 with internal threads on the assembly 2; there is a rolling motion axis 3c coaxial with the axis of the second semi-cylinder 3a, and a fifth through hole 3c1 along the diameter direction of the rolling motion axis near the end of the rolling motion axis 3c is used to install a cylindrical pin.

[0071] The roll motion imparting pitch base assembly 4 is a special-shaped part, with a first semi-cylinder 4a and a first axial hole 4b in the center of the semi-cylinder at the bottom, and the axes of the first semi-cylinder 4a and the first axial hole 4b coincide with each other; the top is a cavity 4c hollowed out from a semi-cylinder on one side of the width of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the axis of the cavity 4c is orthogonal to the axis of the first semi-cylinder 4a in space; a pitch motion axis 4d is provided at a position coaxial with the axis of the cavity 4c, and a sixth through hole 4d1 is provided near the end of the pitch motion axis 4d along the diameter direction of the pitch motion axis 4d; a third semi-cylinder 4e is provided on the other side of the pitch motion axis 4d, and the axes of the pitch motion axis 4d and the third semi-cylinder 4e coincide with each other; a second oblique through hole 4f with an internal thread is provided directly above the first axial hole 4b on the length side of the rectangular parallelepiped, and the axis of the second oblique through hole 4f intersects the axis of the pitch motion axis 4d at right angles in space.

[0072] The pitch motion pair and antenna mounting base assembly 5 is formed by machining a fourth semi-cylinder 5a and a second axial hole 5b in the center of the semi-cylinder along the width direction at the bottom of a rectangular parallelepiped; a semi-cylindrical arc 5c is machined on one side of the semi-cylinder with the axial hole along the width direction of the rectangular parallelepiped, and the diameter of the semi-cylindrical arc 5c is the same as that of the fourth semi-cylinder 5a, and the axis thereof coincides with that of the semi-cylindrical arc 5c; and two second blind holes 5d with internal threads are formed on the upper surface of the rectangular parallelepiped for mounting an L-shaped workpiece with an antenna.

[0073] When in use, first place the three motion pairs of the three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device at the 0° position, and then use three flat-head screws with external threads to lock the azimuth, roll, and pitch motion pairs at the positions of the screw through-hole 2a1, the first oblique through-hole 2b5, and the second oblique through-hole 4f with internal threads respectively; use two bolts to fix the device base and the azimuth motion pair assembly 1 to the antenna mounting support rod on the turntable through the two first through-holes 1a; use two bolts to fix the L-shaped workpiece equipped with the antenna to the pitch motion and antenna mounting base assembly 5 through the two second blind holes 5d.

[0074] Start the receiving turntable, complete the zeroing operation of the three axes of the turntable, and make the axes of the turntable in the initial position according to the requirements of the process document; the antenna is set up on the turntable by adjusting the antenna support rod on the turntable ( Figure 7 OY direction), up and down ( Figure 7 The OZ direction) position is determined, and the front of the support rod (the side with the antenna) is facing the transmitter. Loosen the azimuth motion screw of the three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device and measure Figure 7 The distance between point A1 in the upper left corner of the center antenna and point A2 on the left side of the symmetrical point of the roll ring of the turntable is A1A2, and the distance between point B1 in the upper right corner of the antenna and point B2 on the right side of the symmetrical point of the roll ring of the turntable is B1B2. Adjust the azimuth motion pair so that A1A2 is equal to B1B2 and lock the azimuth motion pair; loosen the top screw of the roll motion pair of the three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device, use a plumb line to observe the angle between the plumb line and the vertical side B1C1 line on the right side of the antenna along the front and back direction of the turntable, adjust the roll motion pair so that the plumb line coincides with or is parallel to the B1C1 line and lock the roll motion pair; loosen the top screw of the pitch motion pair of the three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device, use a plumb line to observe the angle between the plumb line and the vertical side B1C1 line on the right side of the antenna along the front and back direction of the turntable Figure 7 Observe the angle between the plumb line and the B1C1 line on the right vertical side of the antenna (in the OX direction). Adjust the pitch motion pair so that the plumb line and B1C1 line coincide or are parallel, and then lock the pitch motion pair. This completes the three-axis attitude adjustment of the receiving antenna.

[0075] Under the control of the measurement and control software, the transmitter search frame is zeroed in the vertical, horizontal, and azimuth directions. The transmitter antenna is installed on the transmitter search frame according to the process documentation. Using the tooling, the transmitter antenna is adjusted to the same height as the receiving antenna, with the antenna aperture facing the receiving antenna. The distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas must meet far-field test conditions (L ≥ 〖2D〗 ^2 / λ, where L is the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas, D is the antenna aperture, and λ is the operating wavelength). The measurement and control software is activated to move the transmitter search frame up and down. The data acquisition system collects a set of power data from the receiving antenna, locates the location of the maximum power, and drives the transmitting antenna up and down to that location. The measurement and control software is also activated to move the transmitter search frame left and right. The data acquisition system collects a set of power data from the receiving antenna, locates the location of the maximum power, and drives the transmitting antenna left and right to that location. The measurement and control software is activated to move the transmitter search frame in azimuth. The data acquisition system collects a set of power data from the receiving antenna, locates the location of the maximum power, and drives the transmitting antenna along the azimuth axis to that location. This completes the electrical axis alignment of the transmitting and receiving antennas.

Claims

1. A three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device, characterized in that: include: The device base and azimuth motion axis assembly (1), the azimuth motion supporting and rolling base assembly (2), the rolling motion axis assembly (3), the rolling motion supporting and pitching base assembly (4) and the pitching motion supporting and antenna mounting base assembly (5); wherein, The device base and the azimuth motion axis assembly (1) are fixedly arranged, and a stepped cylinder is arranged on the top surface of the device base and the azimuth motion axis assembly (1); The bottom of the azimuth motion imparting rolling base assembly (2) is rotatably sleeved on the stepped cylinder, and a cylindrical groove (2b) is provided on the top; The bottom of the roll motion imparting pitch base assembly (4) is a first semi-cylinder (4a) that matches the cylindrical groove (2b); The lower part of the roll motion axis assembly (3) is fixedly connected to the side of the azimuth motion-enabling roll base assembly (2), and the upper part is provided with a roll motion axis (3c). The roll motion axis (3c) is inserted into the first semi-circular cylinder (4a), and the roll motion-enabling pitch base assembly (4) rolls around the roll motion axis (3c). The top of the roll motion imparting pitch base assembly (4) is provided with a pitch motion axis (4d); The bottom of the pitch motion pair and antenna installation base assembly (5) is sleeved on the pitch motion axis (4d) and pitches and rotates around the pitch motion axis (4d); The antenna is fixed on the top of the pitch motion pair and antenna mounting base assembly (5); The bottom of the azimuth motion imparting rolling base assembly (2) is provided with a circular ring (2a); The circular ring (2a) is provided with a stepped groove matching the outer shape of the stepped cylinder, and the circular ring (2a) is rotatably sleeved on the stepped cylinder; The bottom of the cylindrical groove (2b) is provided with a third through hole (2b1) communicating with the stepped groove, and a long groove (2b2) along the length direction of the cylindrical groove (2b), and a circular concave hole (2b3) is provided on the long side of the long groove (2b2); The outer circumference of the ring (2a) is provided with a top screw hole (2a1) with an internal thread along the radial direction; The device base and the azimuth motion shaft assembly (1) and the azimuth motion imparting rolling base assembly (2) are fixed via pins inserted into the top screw through-hole (2a1); A first oblique through hole (2b5) with an internal thread is provided on the side arm of the cylindrical groove (2b), and the axis of the first oblique through hole (2b5) is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical groove (2b); The azimuth motion imparting roll base assembly (2) and the roll motion imparting pitch base assembly (4) are fixed by means of pins passing through the first oblique through hole (2b5); The top of the roll motion imparting pitch base assembly (4) comprises a rectangular parallelepiped base, a cavity (4c) is provided on the rectangular parallelepiped base, and the axial direction of the cavity (4c) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first semi-circular cylinder (4a); A second oblique through hole (4f) with an internal thread is provided on the side arm of the cavity (4c), and the axis of the second oblique through hole (4f) is perpendicular to the axis of the pitch motion axis (4d); The roll motion supporting and pitching base assembly (4) and the pitch motion supporting and antenna installation base assembly (5) are fixed by means of pins passing through the second oblique through-hole (4f).

2. The three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device base and azimuth motion axis assembly (1) further comprises a base; Two first through holes (1a) are provided on both sides of the base, and the base is fixed by bolts passing through the two first through holes (1a); the stepped cylinder is provided on the base; The stepped cylinder comprises, from bottom to top, a cylindrical azimuth motion shaft (1b) and a cylindrical connecting shaft (1c); The diameter of the cylindrical azimuth motion shaft (1b) is larger than the size of the cylindrical connecting shaft (1c).

3. The three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cylindrical connecting shaft (1c) is provided with a second through hole (1c1) perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylindrical connecting shaft (1c), and the second through hole (1c1) is used to pass a cylindrical pin; The long groove (2b2) and the circular concave hole (2b3) serve as a rotation space for the cylindrical pin.

4. The three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rolling motion axis assembly (3) comprises a rectangular fixed plate; The lower portion of the rectangular fixed plate is connected to the side bolts of the azimuth motion imparting roll base assembly (2); A second semi-circular cylinder (3a) is processed on the upper part of the rectangular fixed plate, and the rolling motion axis (3c) is vertically fixed on the second semi-circular cylinder (3a).

5. The three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the first semi-circular cylinder (4a) is perpendicular to the axis of the pitch motion axis (4d).

6. The three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third semi-circular cylinder (4e) is provided on the upper portion of the rectangular parallelepiped base, the pitching motion axis (4d) is fixed on the third semi-circular cylinder (4e), and the axis of the pitching motion axis (4d) coincides with the axis of the third semi-circular cylinder (4e).

7. The three-degree-of-freedom antenna attitude adjustment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the pitch motion pair and antenna installation base assembly (5) is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the bottom is a fourth semi-circular cylinder (5a). A second axial hole (5b) is provided in the fourth semi-circular cylinder (5a), and the pitch motion axis (4d) is passed through the second axial hole (5b). A semi-cylindrical arc (5c) is provided on the top of the pitch motion supporting antenna installation base assembly (5); the semi-cylindrical arc (5c) has the same diameter as the fourth semi-cylinder (5a) and the axis thereof coincides.

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