Three-dimensional tunnel model test device for water-rock coupling

Abstract

The present invention discloses a water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device, which belongs to the field of rock and soil mechanics technology. It includes a sample container and a force-applying unit, wherein the shape of the accommodating cavity of the sample container is adapted to the external shape of the test model sample, wherein a simulated tunnel is excavated on the test model sample; the test model sample is accommodated in the sample container; the force-applying unit can apply force to the test model in the radial direction of the sample container; a liquid inlet hole is provided on at least one surface of the sample container, and a liquid discharge hole is also provided on the sample container. It is used for the study of support methods and support characteristics during tunnel excavation, support and lining completion under working conditions such as rainfall, groundwater level rise or water inrush, comprehensively reflects the deformation and force characteristics of the surrounding rock of the tunnel under the action of stress field and seepage field, and monitors the long-term deformation law of the support structure in real time through a monitoring system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock and soil mechanics, in particular to a three-dimensional tunnel model test device for water-rock coupling. Background Art

[0002] With the development of urban construction and transportation modes such as high-speed rail, the demand for the construction of underground projects such as tunnels is increasing. However, my country has a vast territory and complex and changeable geological conditions. It is necessary to conduct model tests on tunnel surrounding rocks to determine relevant design parameters and study their deformation mechanism to propose prevention and control measures. The common models in the existing technology are mostly plane models, and it is impossible to understand the impact of the interaction between fluid and solid through experiments. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device, which is used for studying the support methods and support characteristics during tunnel excavation, support and lining completion under working conditions such as rainfall, groundwater level rise or water inrush, and comprehensively reflects the deformation and force characteristics of the surrounding rock of the tunnel under the action of stress field and seepage field, and monitors the long-term deformation law of the support structure in real time through the monitoring system, so that it is more suitable for practical use.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device provided by the present invention comprises a sample container and a force application unit.

[0006] The shape of the accommodating cavity of the sample container is adapted to the external shape of the test model sample, wherein a simulated tunnel is excavated on the test model sample;

[0007] The test model sample is placed in a sample container;

[0008] The force applying unit can apply a force to the test model in the radial direction of the sample container;

[0009] At least one surface of the sample container is provided with a liquid inlet hole, and the sample container is also provided with a liquid discharge hole.

[0010] The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device provided by the present invention can also be further implemented by adopting the following technical measures.

[0011] As a preference,

[0012] The sample container comprises a front pressure plate, a rear pressure plate, a left pressure plate, a right pressure plate, a support plate and a top plate, and the space enclosed by the front pressure plate, the rear pressure plate, the left pressure plate, the right pressure plate, the support plate and the top plate is the accommodating cavity.

[0013] Preferably, a door is provided on the front pressure plate of the sample container, and the door is hinged to the front pressure plate.

[0014] Preferably, the water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further comprises a handle, wherein the handle is fixedly connected to the door, and a connection position of the handle on the door is far away from a hinge.

[0015] Preferably, the front pressure plate and the rear pressure plate are made of tempered glass.

[0016] Preferably, the force applying unit comprises a loading frame, a vertical force applying mechanism and a lateral force applying mechanism.

[0017] The loading frame includes a vertical limit assembly and a transverse limit assembly, the vertical limit assembly includes a bottom plate, a top plate and a vertical limit piece, the transverse limit assembly includes a left plate, a right plate and a transverse limit piece, the vertical limit assembly is located at the periphery of the transverse limit assembly, and the sample container is located inside the transverse limit assembly, or the transverse limit assembly is located at the periphery of the vertical limit assembly, and the sample container is located inside the vertical limit assembly, wherein,

[0018] The vertical force applying mechanism can apply a vertical force to the test model under the restriction of the vertical limit assembly;

[0019] The lateral force applying mechanism can apply lateral force to the test model under the restriction of the lateral limiting assembly.

[0020] As a preference,

[0021] One end of the vertical limiter is connected to the bottom plate, and the other end of the vertical limiter is connected to the top plate, so that the distance between the top surface of the bottom plate and the bottom surface of the top plate is limited by the vertical limiter.

[0022] As a preference,

[0023] One end of the transverse limiter is connected to the left side plate, and the other end of the transverse limiter is connected to the right side plate, so that the distance between the right side surface of the left side plate and the left side surface of the right side plate is limited by the transverse limiter.

[0024] Preferably, the vertical force applying mechanism comprises a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism comprises a first fixed end and a first free end, a first moving pair is formed between the first fixed end and the first free end,

[0025] The lifting mechanism is arranged between the bottom plate and the bottom surface of the sample container supporting plate.

[0026] Preferably, the vertical force applying mechanism further includes a first force transmission plate and a loading platform.

[0027] The vertical limiting assembly passes through the first force transmission plate,

[0028] The lifting mechanism is arranged between the bottom plate and the first force transmission plate.

[0029] The loading platform is arranged between the first force transmission plate and the bottom surface of the sample container supporting plate.

[0030] Preferably, the vertical force applying mechanism further comprises a first force transmission rod and a second force transmission plate.

[0031] The first force transmission rod is arranged between the top plate of the sample container and the bottom surface of the second force transmission plate;

[0032] The second force transmission plate is arranged between the top plate of the vertical limiting assembly and the first force transmission rod.

[0033] Preferably, the water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further comprises a first pressure sensor,

[0034] The first pressure sensor is disposed between the top plate of the vertical limiting assembly and the second force transmission plate, and the first pressure sensor is used to sense vertical pressure data.

[0035] Preferably, the first force transmission rods include a plurality of rods, and the first force transmission rods are evenly distributed between the top plate of the sample container and the bottom surface of the second force transmission plate.

[0036] Preferably, the lateral force applying mechanism comprises a horizontal telescopic mechanism, the horizontal telescopic mechanism comprises a second fixed end and a second movable end, a second movable pair is formed between the second fixed end and the second movable end,

[0037] The horizontal telescopic mechanism is disposed between the left side plate and the left side surface of the left side pressure plate of the sample container; or, the horizontal telescopic mechanism is disposed between the right side plate and the right side surface of the right side pressure plate of the sample container.

[0038] Preferably, the water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further comprises a third force transmission plate, a second force transmission rod, a fourth force transmission plate, a third force transmission rod,

[0039] The second force transmission rod is arranged between the left side surface of the left pressure plate of the sample container and the right side surface of the third force transmission plate, and the third force transmission rod is arranged between the right side surface of the right pressure plate of the sample container and the left side surface of the fourth force transmission plate;

[0040] The horizontal telescopic mechanism is arranged between the left side plate of the transverse limit assembly and the third force transmission plate, and the right side of the fourth force transmission plate abuts against the right side plate of the transverse limit assembly; or,

[0041] The horizontal telescopic mechanism is arranged between the right side plate of the transverse limiting assembly and the fourth force transmission plate, and the left side of the third force transmission plate abuts against the left side plate of the transverse limiting assembly.

[0042] Preferably, the water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further comprises a second pressure sensor,

[0043] The second pressure sensor is disposed between the fourth force transmission plate and the right side plate of the lateral limit assembly; or,

[0044] The second pressure sensor is arranged between the third force transmission plate and the left side plate of the lateral limit assembly;

[0045] The second pressure sensor is used to sense lateral pressure data.

[0046] As a preference,

[0047] The second force transmission rods include a plurality of rods, and the second force transmission rods are evenly distributed between the left pressure plate of the sample container and before the third force transmission plate;

[0048] The third force transmission rods include a plurality of rods, and the third force transmission rods are evenly distributed between the right pressure plate of the sample container and the fourth force transmission plate.

[0049] Preferably, the excavation angle of the simulated tunnel is adjustable.

[0050] Preferably, the water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further comprises a drainage pipe.

[0051] The drainage pipe includes a main channel and a plurality of branch channels, wherein the plurality of branch channels are communicated with the drainage holes of the sample container, and the plurality of branch channels are respectively communicated with the main channel.

[0052] Preferably, a stop valve is provided on the branch line and / or the main line.

[0053] Preferably, the vertical limiting member comprises a bearing column and a connecting rod, the bottom of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bearing column, and the diameter of the bearing column is larger than the diameter of the through hole of the first force transmission plate.

[0054] Preferably, the diameter of the supporting column increases from top to bottom.

[0055] Preferably, the water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further comprises a distributed optical fiber, and the distributed optical fiber is used to sense deformation data in the simulated tunnel.

[0056] Preferably, the water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further comprises an industrial camera or an industrial video camera, and the industrial camera or the industrial video camera is used to monitor the cross section of the simulated tunnel in real time, wherein the real-time monitoring method comprises the following steps:

[0057] Acquire a real-time image of the simulated tunnel section through the industrial camera or industrial video camera;

[0058] Obtaining digital speckle according to the real-time image of the simulated tunnel end face;

[0059] According to the digital speckle, a real-time stress and strain analysis conclusion of the simulated tunnel is obtained.

[0060] Preferably, the water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further comprises an intelligent terminal, and the intelligent terminal is used to control the force application unit and / or the liquid inlet hole and / or the liquid discharge hole.

[0061] Preferably, the water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further comprises an intelligent terminal, and the intelligent terminal comprises:

[0062] An image acquisition module, used to acquire a real-time image of the simulated tunnel section;

[0063] A digital speckle acquisition module, used to obtain digital speckle according to the real-time image of the simulated tunnel end face;

[0064] The analysis module is used to obtain real-time stress and strain analysis conclusions of the simulated tunnel according to the digital speckle.

[0065] Preferably, the intelligent terminal is installed with an application, and the application includes:

[0066] An image acquisition module, used to acquire a real-time image of the simulated tunnel section;

[0067] A digital speckle acquisition module, used to obtain digital speckle according to the real-time image of the simulated tunnel end face;

[0068] The analysis module is used to obtain real-time stress and strain analysis conclusions of the simulated tunnel according to the digital speckle.

[0069] The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device provided by the present invention adopts a three-dimensional tunnel model test device, which can study the deformation and stress change laws of surrounding rocks of tunnels with different inclinations and inclinations under the action of tectonic stress fields and seepage fields, provide a reliable scientific basis for revealing the deformation mechanism of tunnels, and provide important parameters for the control and support of tunnel deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0071] Attached Figure 1 A front view of a water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Attached Figure 2 A left view of a water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Attached Figure 3 A top view of a water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Attached Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a drainage mechanism used in a water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Attached Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a top water inlet mechanism used in a water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Attached Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an application scenario of a water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Description of reference numerals:

[0078] 1-test model specimen, 2-sample container, 3-simulated tunnel, 4-door, 5-hinge, 6-handle, 7-vertical force-applying mechanism, 8-lateral force-applying mechanism, 9-bottom plate, 10-top plate, 11-vertical limiter, 12-left side plate, 13-right side plate, 14-lateral limiter, 15-first force transmission plate, 16-loading platform, 17-first force transmission rod, 18-second force transmission plate, 19-first pressure sensor, 20-third force transmission plate, 21-second force transmission rod, 22-fourth force transmission plate, 23-third force transmission rod, 24-second pressure sensor, 25-drain pipe, 26-bearing column, 27-connecting rod, 28-liquid inlet, 34-industrial camera or industrial video camera, 35-water pump, 36-flow meter, 37-boosting pneumatic pump, 38-intelligent terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] In view of this, the present invention provides a water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device, which is used for studying the support methods and support characteristics during tunnel excavation, support and lining completion under working conditions such as rainfall, groundwater level rise or water inrush, and comprehensively reflects the deformation and force characteristics of the surrounding rock of the tunnel under the action of stress field and seepage field, and monitors the long-term deformation law of the support structure in real time through the monitoring system, so that it is more suitable for practical use.

[0080] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following is a detailed description of the specific implementation, structure, features and effects of the water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device proposed by the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

[0081] The term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B. Specifically, it is understood that: A and B may be included at the same time, A may exist alone, or B may exist alone, and any of the above three situations may be met.

[0082] See attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 6 The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a sample container 2 and a force-applying unit. The shape of the accommodating cavity of the sample container 2 is adapted to the external shape of the test model sample 1, wherein a simulated tunnel 3 is excavated on the test model sample 1; the test model sample 1 is accommodated in the sample container 2; the force-applying unit can apply force to the test model in the radial direction of the sample container 2; a liquid inlet hole 28 is provided on at least one surface of the sample container 2, and a liquid discharge hole is also provided on the sample container 2.

[0083] The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device provided by the present invention adopts a three-dimensional tunnel model test device, which can study the deformation and stress change laws of tunnel surrounding rocks under the action of tectonic stress field and seepage field of tunnels with different inclinations and inclinations, provide a reliable scientific basis for revealing the deformation mechanism of the tunnel, and provide important parameters for the control and support of tunnel deformation.

[0084] The sample container 2 includes a front pressure plate, a rear pressure plate, a left pressure plate, a right pressure plate, a support plate and a top plate, and the space enclosed by the front pressure plate, the rear pressure plate, the left pressure plate, the right pressure plate, the support plate and the top plate is a containing cavity. In this case, when the test simulation sample 1 is contained in the sample container, the test simulation sample can be better fitted with the sample container 2, so that the force of the test simulation sample can be effectively controlled.

[0085] A door 4 is provided on the front side pressure plate of the sample container 2, and the door 4 is hinged to the front side pressure plate. In this case, it is convenient to dig the simulated tunnel 3 and lay the optical fiber for the test simulation sample 1 through the door 4.

[0086] The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further comprises a handle 6, which is fixedly connected to the door 4, and the connection position of the handle 6 on the door 4 is far away from the hinge 5. In this case, the door 4 can be easily opened with less force, which is more convenient to use.

[0087] Wherein, the material of the front side pressing plate and the rear side pressing plate is toughened glass. In this case, the visibility of the front and rear sides of the simulated tunnel 3 can be increased.

[0088] The force applying unit includes a loading frame, a vertical force applying mechanism 7 and a lateral force applying mechanism 8. The loading frame includes a vertical limit assembly and a lateral limit assembly. The vertical limit assembly includes a bottom plate 9, a top plate 10 and a vertical limit member 11. The lateral limit assembly includes a left plate 12, a right plate 13 and a lateral limit member 14. The vertical limit assembly is located at the periphery of the lateral limit assembly, and the sample container 2 is located inside the lateral limit assembly. Alternatively, the lateral limit assembly is located at the periphery of the vertical limit assembly, and the sample container 2 is located inside the vertical limit assembly. The vertical force applying mechanism 7 can apply a vertical force to the test model under the restriction of the vertical limit assembly; the lateral force applying mechanism 8 can apply a lateral force to the test model under the restriction of the lateral limit assembly. In this case, the loading force of the test simulation sample 1 can be achieved through a loading frame with a simple structure and low cost.

[0089] Among them, one end of the vertical limiter 11 is connected to the bottom plate 9, and the other end of the vertical limiter is connected to the top plate 10, so that the distance between the top surface of the bottom plate 9 and the bottom surface of the top plate 10 is limited by the vertical limiter 11. In this case, it is more convenient for the vertical force applied by the vertical force applying mechanism 7 to act vertically on the test simulation specimen 1.

[0090] Among them, one end of the transverse limiter 14 is connected to the left side plate 12, and the other end of the transverse limiter 14 is connected to the right side plate 13, so that the distance between the right side surface of the left side plate 12 and the left side surface of the right side plate 13 is limited by the transverse limiter 14. In this case, it is more convenient for the vertical force applied by the transverse force applying mechanism 8 to act in the transverse direction of the test simulation specimen 1.

[0091] The vertical force applying mechanism 7 includes a lifting mechanism, which includes a first fixed end and a first free end, a first moving pair is formed between the first fixed end and the first free end, and the lifting mechanism is arranged between the bottom plate 9 and the bottom surface of the supporting plate of the sample container 2. It is low in cost and easy to implement.

[0092] The vertical force-applying mechanism 7 further includes a first force-transmitting plate 15 and a stage 16. The vertical stopper 11 passes through the first force-transmitting plate 15, the lifting mechanism is arranged between the bottom plate 9 and the first force-transmitting plate 15, and the stage 16 is arranged between the first force-transmitting plate 15 and the bottom surface of the support plate of the sample container 2. In this case, the first force-transmitting plate 15 and the stage 16 can increase the force applied to the support plate of the sample container 2 evenly, and the simulation effect is better.

[0093] The vertical force-applying mechanism 7 further includes a first force-transmitting rod 17 and a second force-transmitting plate 18. The first force-transmitting rod 17 is disposed between the top plate of the sample container 2 and the bottom surface of the second force-transmitting plate 18; the second force-transmitting plate 18 is disposed between the top plate 10 of the vertical limit assembly and the first force-transmitting rod 17. In this case, the force applied to the top plate of the sample container 2 can be made more uniform, and the simulation effect is better.

[0094] The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device provided in this embodiment further includes a first pressure sensor 19. The first pressure sensor 19 is disposed between the top plate 10 of the vertical limit assembly and the second force transmission plate 18, and the first pressure sensor 19 is used to sense vertical pressure data. In this case, the vertical pressure data can be sensed in real time.

[0095] The first force transmission rods 17 include a plurality of rods, and the first force transmission rods 17 are evenly distributed between the top plate of the sample container 2 and the bottom surface of the second force transmission plate 18. In this case, it can be further ensured that the top plate of the sample container 2 is subjected to uniform force.

[0096] The lateral force applying mechanism 8 includes a horizontal telescopic mechanism, which includes a second fixed end and a second movable end, and a second movable pair is formed between the second fixed end and the second movable end. The horizontal telescopic mechanism is arranged between the left side plate and the left side surface of the left side pressure plate of the sample container 2; or, the horizontal telescopic mechanism is arranged between the right side plate and the right side surface of the right side pressure plate of the sample container 2. It is low in cost and easy to implement.

[0097] The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further includes a third force transmission plate 20, a second force transmission rod 21, a fourth force transmission plate 22, and a third force transmission rod 23. The second force transmission rod 21 is arranged between the left side of the left pressure plate of the sample container 2 and the right side of the third force transmission plate 20, and the third force transmission rod 23 is arranged between the right side of the right pressure plate of the sample container 2 and the left side of the fourth force transmission plate 22; the horizontal telescopic mechanism is arranged between the left side plate 12 of the transverse limiting assembly and the third force transmission plate 20, and the right side of the fourth force transmission plate 22 abuts against the right side plate 13 of the transverse limiting assembly; or, the horizontal telescopic mechanism is arranged between the right side plate 13 of the transverse limiting assembly and the fourth force transmission plate 22, and the left side of the third force transmission plate 20 abuts against the left side plate 12 of the transverse limiting assembly. In this case, it can be ensured that the left and right pressure plates of the sample container 2 are subjected to uniform force.

[0098] The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further includes a second pressure sensor 24. The second pressure sensor 24 is disposed between the fourth force transmission plate 22 and the right side plate 13 of the lateral limit assembly; or, the second pressure sensor 24 is disposed between the third force transmission plate 20 and the left side plate 12 of the lateral limit assembly; the second pressure sensor 24 is used to sense lateral pressure data. In this case, the lateral pressure data can be sensed in real time.

[0099] The second force transmission rods 21 include multiple rods, and the second force transmission rods 21 are evenly distributed between the left pressure plate of the sample container 2 and the third force transmission plate 20; the third force transmission rods 23 include multiple rods, and the third force transmission rods 23 are evenly distributed between the right pressure plate of the sample container 2 and the fourth force transmission plate 22. In this case, it can be further ensured that the left pressure plate and the right pressure plate of the sample container 2 are evenly stressed.

[0100] The excavation angle of the simulated tunnel 3 is adjustable. In this case, tunnels in various situations can be simulated, so that the water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a wider application range.

[0101] The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further includes a drainage pipe 25. The drainage pipe includes a main line and a plurality of branches, wherein the plurality of branches are connected to the drainage holes of the sample container, and the plurality of branches are respectively connected to the main line. In this case, the liquid entering the test simulation sample can be controlled and discharged according to the actual situation.

[0102] Wherein, the branch and / or the trunk are provided with a stop valve. In this case, it is more convenient to control the derivation of the liquid entering the test simulation sample.

[0103] The vertical stopper 11 includes a bearing column 26 and a connecting rod 27, the bottom of the connecting rod 27 is fixedly connected to the bearing column 26, and the diameter of the bearing column 26 is larger than the diameter of the hole through which the first force transmission plate 15 is provided. In this case, the first force transmission plate 15 can be limited by the shape of the bearing column 26 itself, so that the first force transmission plate 15 can function more stably.

[0104] The diameter of the bearing column 26 increases from top to bottom. In this case, the load-bearing range of the bearing column 26 can be further increased, making the water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel simulation test device provided by the embodiment of the present invention more reliable and extending the service life.

[0105] The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further includes a distributed optical fiber, which is used to sense deformation data in the simulated tunnel 3. In this case, the deformation data in the simulated tunnel 3 can be sensed in real time.

[0106] The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further includes an industrial camera or an industrial video camera 34, which is used to monitor the cross section of the simulated tunnel 3 in real time. The real-time monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0107] Step S1: Acquire a real-time image of the cross section of the simulated tunnel 3 through an industrial camera or an industrial video camera 34;

[0108] Step S2: obtaining digital speckle according to the real-time image of the end face of the simulated tunnel 3;

[0109] Step S3: According to the digital speckle, the real-time stress and strain analysis conclusion of the simulated tunnel 3 is obtained.

[0110] In this case, the real-time stress and strain analysis conclusions of the simulated tunnel 3 can be obtained through a simple and easy method, saving human resources.

[0111] The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further includes an intelligent terminal 38, which is used to control the force application unit and / or the liquid inlet and / or the liquid discharge hole. In this case, it can be unattended, further saving human resources.

[0112] The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device further includes an intelligent terminal 38, which includes:

[0113] An image acquisition module is used to acquire a real-time image of the simulated tunnel 3 section;

[0114] A digital speckle acquisition module, used to obtain digital speckle according to a real-time image of the end face of the simulated tunnel 3;

[0115] The analysis module is used to obtain real-time stress and strain analysis conclusions of the simulated tunnel 3 according to the digital speckle.

[0116] In this case, the real-time stress and strain analysis conclusions of the simulated tunnel 3 can be obtained through the intelligent terminal, saving human resources.

[0117] Among them, the intelligent terminal has applications installed, and the applications include:

[0118] An image acquisition module is used to acquire a real-time image of the simulated tunnel 3 section;

[0119] A digital speckle acquisition module, used to obtain digital speckle according to a real-time image of the end face of the simulated tunnel 3;

[0120] The analysis module is used to obtain real-time stress and strain analysis conclusions of the simulated tunnel 3 according to the digital speckle.

[0121] In this case, only the application needs to be downloaded, and existing terminal devices can be used, further saving costs.

[0122] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0123] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional tunnel model test device for water-rock coupling, characterized in that: Including sample container and force unit, industrial camera or industrial video camera, The shape of the accommodating cavity of the sample container is adapted to the external shape of the test model sample, wherein a simulated tunnel is excavated on the test model sample; The test model sample is placed in the sample container; The force applying unit can apply a force to the test model in the radial direction of the sample container; At least one surface of the sample container is provided with a liquid inlet hole, and the sample container is also provided with a liquid discharge hole; The force applying unit includes a loading frame, a vertical force applying mechanism and a lateral force applying mechanism. The loading frame includes a vertical limiting assembly and a lateral limiting assembly, wherein the vertical limiting assembly includes a bottom plate, a top plate and a vertical limiting piece, and the lateral limiting assembly includes a left plate, a right plate and a lateral limiting piece, wherein the vertical limiting assembly is located at the periphery of the lateral limiting assembly, and the sample container is located at the interior of the lateral limiting assembly, or the lateral limiting assembly is located at the periphery of the vertical limiting assembly, and the sample container is located at the interior of the vertical limiting assembly, wherein: The vertical force applying mechanism can apply a vertical force to the test model under the restriction of the vertical limit assembly; The lateral force applying mechanism can apply a lateral force to the test model under the restriction of the lateral limiting assembly; The vertical force applying mechanism includes a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism includes a first fixed end and a first free end, a first moving pair is formed between the first fixed end and the first free end, The lifting mechanism is arranged between the bottom plate and the bottom surface of the sample container supporting plate; The vertical force applying mechanism also includes a first force transmission plate and a loading platform. The vertical limiting assembly passes through the first force transmission plate, The lifting mechanism is arranged between the bottom plate and the first force transmission plate. The stage is disposed between the first force transmission plate and the bottom surface of the sample container support plate; The vertical force applying mechanism also includes a first force transmission rod and a second force transmission plate. The first force transmission rod is arranged between the top plate of the sample container and the bottom surface of the second force transmission plate; The second force transmission plate is arranged between the top plate of the vertical limiting assembly and the first force transmission rod; The industrial camera or industrial video camera is used to monitor the cross section of the simulated tunnel in real time, wherein the real-time monitoring method comprises the following steps: Acquiring a real-time image of the simulated tunnel section by means of the camera or video camera; Obtaining digital speckle according to the real-time image of the simulated tunnel end face; According to the digital speckle, a real-time stress and strain analysis conclusion of the simulated tunnel is obtained.

2. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sample container comprises a front pressure plate, a rear pressure plate, a left pressure plate, a right pressure plate, a support plate and a top plate, and the space enclosed by the front pressure plate, the rear pressure plate, the left pressure plate, the right pressure plate, the support plate and the top plate is the accommodating cavity.

3. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A door is provided on the front pressure plate of the sample container, and the door is hinged to the front pressure plate.

4. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: It also includes a handle, which is fixedly connected to the door, and the connection position of the handle on the door is far away from the hinge.

5. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The front pressure plate and the rear pressure plate are made of tempered glass.

6. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the vertical limiter is connected to the bottom plate, and the other end of the vertical limiter is connected to the top plate, so that the distance between the top surface of the bottom plate and the bottom surface of the top plate is limited by the vertical limiter.

7. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of the transverse limiter is connected to the left side plate, and the other end of the transverse limiter is connected to the right side plate, so that the distance between the right side surface of the left side plate and the left side surface of the right side plate is limited by the transverse limiter.

8. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a first pressure sensor, The first pressure sensor is disposed between the top plate of the vertical limiting assembly and the second force transmission plate, and the first pressure sensor is used to sense vertical pressure data.

9. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first force transmission rods include a plurality of rods, and the first force transmission rods are evenly distributed between the top plate of the sample container and the bottom surface of the second force transmission plate.

10. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral force applying mechanism comprises a horizontal telescopic mechanism, the horizontal telescopic mechanism comprises a second fixed end and a second movable end, a second moving pair is formed between the second fixed end and the second movable end, The horizontal telescopic mechanism is disposed between the left side plate and the left side surface of the left side pressure plate of the sample container; or, the horizontal telescopic mechanism is disposed between the right side plate and the right side surface of the right side pressure plate of the sample container.

11. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 10, characterized in that: It also includes a third force transmission plate, a second force transmission rod, a fourth force transmission plate, a third force transmission rod, The second force transmission rod is arranged between the left side surface of the left pressure plate of the sample container and the right side surface of the third force transmission plate, and the third force transmission rod is arranged between the right side surface of the right pressure plate of the sample container and the left side surface of the fourth force transmission plate; The horizontal telescopic mechanism is arranged between the left side plate of the transverse limit assembly and the third force transmission plate, and the right side of the fourth force transmission plate abuts against the right side plate of the transverse limit assembly; or, The horizontal telescopic mechanism is arranged between the right side plate of the transverse limiting assembly and the fourth force transmission plate, and the left side of the third force transmission plate abuts against the left side plate of the transverse limiting assembly.

12. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 11, characterized in that: Also comprising a second pressure sensor, The second pressure sensor is disposed between the fourth force transmission plate and the right side plate of the lateral limit assembly; or, The second pressure sensor is arranged between the third force transmission plate and the left side plate of the lateral limit assembly; The second pressure sensor is used to sense lateral pressure data.

13. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The second force transmission rods include a plurality of rods, and the second force transmission rods are evenly distributed between the left pressure plate of the sample container and before the third force transmission plate; The third force transmission rods include a plurality of rods, and the third force transmission rods are evenly distributed between the right pressure plate of the sample container and the fourth force transmission plate.

14. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excavation angle of the simulated tunnel is adjustable.

15. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 1 further comprises a drainage pipe, The drainage pipe includes a main channel and a plurality of branch channels, wherein the plurality of branch channels are communicated with the drainage holes of the sample container, and the plurality of branch channels are respectively communicated with the main channel.

16. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The branch line and / or the main line are provided with a stop valve.

17. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical limiting member includes a bearing column and a connecting rod, the bottom of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bearing column, and the diameter of the bearing column is larger than the diameter of the through hole of the first force transmission plate.

18. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The diameter of the bearing column increases from top to bottom.

19. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a distributed optical fiber, wherein the distributed optical fiber is used to sense deformation data in the simulated tunnel.

20. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an intelligent terminal, which is used to control the force application unit and / or the liquid inlet hole and / or the liquid discharge hole.

21. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is an intelligent terminal, the intelligent terminal comprising: An image acquisition module, used to acquire a real-time image of the simulated tunnel section; A digital speckle acquisition module, used to obtain digital speckle according to the real-time image of the simulated tunnel end face; The analysis module is used to obtain real-time stress and strain analysis conclusions of the simulated tunnel according to the digital speckle.

22. The water-rock coupled three-dimensional tunnel model test device according to claim 21, characterized in that: The smart terminal has an application installed thereon, and the application includes: An image acquisition module, used to acquire a real-time image of the simulated tunnel section; A digital speckle acquisition module, used to obtain digital speckle according to the real-time image of the simulated tunnel end face; The analysis module is used to obtain real-time stress and strain analysis conclusions of the simulated tunnel according to the digital speckle.

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