Fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure relief element test device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a test device for a decompression element of a fuel cell hydrogen supply system, comprising a test main path, wherein a hydrogen storage bottle, a first control valve, a first flow meter, a first pressure sensor, a decompression element, a second pressure sensor, a second control valve for simulating the back pressure of a fuel cell, a third pressure sensor, a third control valve and a tail outlet are sequentially arranged along the airflow direction of the test main path, and the performance of the decompression element is tested by the flow and pressure values ​​detected by the flow meter and the pressure sensor respectively. The test device for a decompression element of a fuel cell hydrogen supply system provided by the present invention completes the performance verification of the decompression element in the process of designing the decompression element, improves the feasibility of the decompression element design, shortens the research and development cycle and reduces the research and development cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a test device for a decompression element of a hydrogen supply system of a fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] The principle of a fuel cell is that the fuel cell hydrogen supply system provides hydrogen fuel, and the hydrogen fuel undergoes an electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell, generating water while producing electric current.

[0003] Fuel cells have high requirements for the pressure and flow stability of hydrogen fuel. Therefore, in the hydrogen supply system, a pressure reducing element needs to be designed at the inlet end of the fuel cell to meet the requirements of hydrogen fuel in terms of pressure and flow stability.

[0004] At present, the design of the pressure reducing element usually first determines the parameters of the pressure reducing element according to the parameters of the fuel cell. After manufacturing, it is directly integrated into the fuel cell hydrogen supply system for verification. This may damage the fuel cell and has defects such as low design feasibility, long R&D cycle and high R&D cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure relief element test device, aiming to solve the technical problems of low design feasibility, long R&D cycle and high R&D cost in the design process of existing fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure relief elements.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element test device proposed in the present invention includes a test main path, and the test main path is provided with a hydrogen storage bottle, a first control valve, a first flow meter, a first pressure sensor, a pressure reducing element, a second pressure sensor, a second control valve for simulating the back pressure of the fuel cell, a third pressure sensor, a third control valve and a tail exhaust port in sequence along the air flow direction.

[0007] Preferably, the pipeline between the third pressure sensor and the third control valve is connected with a reflux branch and a simulation branch, the reflux branch is provided with a second flow meter, a fourth pressure sensor and a one-way valve in sequence along the airflow direction, the simulation branch is provided with a fourth control valve, and the simulation branch is used to simulate the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell.

[0008] Preferably, the second control valve and the fourth control valve are proportional valves.

[0009] Preferably, the first control valve is a high-pressure pressure reducing valve.

[0010] Preferably, the third control valve is a solenoid valve.

[0011] Preferably, the tail exhaust port is provided with a flame arrester.

[0012] Preferably, the first flow meter and the second flow meter are both mass flow meters.

[0013] Preferably, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor and the fourth pressure sensor are all ceramic pressure sensors.

[0014] Preferably, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element test device further comprises a power supply module, which supplies power to all control valves, sensors and flow meters on the test main circuit, return branch circuit and simulation branch circuit.

[0015] Preferably, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element test device further comprises a control module, the control module controls the power supply of the power supply module, and the control module collects the flow and pressure values ​​of the test main circuit and the return branch in real time.

[0016] The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element test device proposed by the present invention, when hydrogen flows through the test main path, the first flow meter detects the flow rate flowing through the pressure reducing element, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor respectively detect the pressure before hydrogen enters the pressure reducing element, the pressure after hydrogen flows through the pressure reducing element and the pressure after hydrogen flows through the second control valve, and the pressure reducing element performance is tested through the detected flow and pressure values. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element test device provided by the present invention completes the performance verification of the pressure reducing element in the process of designing the pressure reducing element, improves the feasibility of the pressure reducing element design, shortens the research and development cycle and reduces the research and development cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a test device for a decompression element of a fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to the present invention.

[0018] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0019]

[0020]

[0021] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0024] It should also be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0025] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] The embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure relief element test device, referring to Figure 1 The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element test device comprises a test main path 1, and the test main path is provided with a hydrogen storage bottle 10, a first control valve 11, a first flow meter 12, a first pressure sensor 13, a pressure reducing element 14, a second pressure sensor 15, a second control valve 16 for simulating the back pressure of the fuel cell, a third pressure sensor 17, a third control valve 18 and a tail outlet 19 in sequence along the air flow direction.

[0028] In this embodiment, the first flow meter 12 is used to detect the flow value flowing through the pressure reducing element 14, the first pressure sensor 13, the second pressure sensor 15 and the third pressure sensor 17 are used to detect the pressure value before the hydrogen enters the pressure reducing element 14, the pressure value after the hydrogen flows through the pressure reducing element 14 and the pressure value after the hydrogen flows through the second control valve 16, respectively. The second control valve is used to simulate the back pressure of the fuel cell. Through the collected flow value and pressure value, the flow and pressure relationship curve of the pressure reducing element 14 is completed to realize the performance test of the pressure reducing element 14. Specifically, on the test main path 1, the hydrogen storage bottle 10 provides high-pressure hydrogen, and the high-pressure hydrogen flows through the first control valve 11. The first control valve 11 reduces the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen, and then flows through the first flow meter 12, the first pressure sensor 13, the pressure reducing element 14, the second pressure sensor 15, the second control valve 16, the third pressure sensor 17 and the third control valve 18 in sequence, and finally discharged from the tail outlet 19. Through the flow value detected by the first flow meter 12 and the pressure values ​​detected by the first pressure sensor 13, the second pressure sensor 15, and the third pressure sensor 17, a curve diagram of the relationship between the flow rate and the pressure of the pressure reducing element 14 is obtained, and the performance test of the pressure reducing element 14 is completed. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element test device provided in this embodiment completes the performance verification of the pressure reducing element 14 during the process of designing the pressure reducing element 14, improves the feasibility of the design of the pressure reducing element 14, shortens the research and development cycle, and reduces the research and development cost.

[0029] Embodiment 2

[0030] Reference Figure 1 The pipeline between the third pressure sensor 17 and the third control valve 18 proposed in the embodiment of the present invention is connected with a reflux branch 2 and a simulation branch 3. The reflux branch 2 is provided with a second flow meter 21, a fourth pressure sensor 22 and a one-way valve 23 in sequence along the airflow direction. The simulation branch 3 is provided with a fourth control valve 31. The simulation branch 3 is used to simulate the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell.

[0031] In this embodiment, the reflux branch 2 is used to simulate the state of hydrogen reflux after the fuel cell reaction, and the simulation branch 3 is used to simulate the consumption of hydrogen in the fuel cell reaction. The inlet end of the reflux branch 2 is connected to the pipeline between the third pressure sensor 17 and the third control valve 18, and the outlet end is connected to the pipeline between the second pressure sensor 15 and the second control valve 16. The inlet end of the simulation branch 3 is connected to the pipeline between the third pressure sensor 17 and the third control valve 18, and the outlet end is connected to the pipeline at the rear end of the third control valve 18. A fourth control valve 31 is provided on the simulation branch 3, and the fourth control valve 31 is used to simulate the consumption of hydrogen in the fuel cell. A second flowmeter 21, a fourth pressure sensor 22 and a one-way valve 23 are sequentially provided on the reflux branch 2 along the airflow direction. The second flowmeter 21 is used to detect the flow rate of the reflux hydrogen, and the fourth pressure sensor 22 is used to detect the pressure of the reflux hydrogen. Through the flow value and pressure value detected on the test main path 1 and the reflux branch 2, the control test of the pressure reducing element 14 is further completed. Specifically, on the test main path 1, the hydrogen storage bottle 10 provides high-pressure hydrogen, which flows through the first control valve 11. The first control valve 11 reduces the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen, and then flows through the first flow meter 12, the first pressure sensor 13, the pressure reducing element 14, the second pressure sensor 15, the second control valve 16 and the third pressure sensor 17 in sequence. Then, the hydrogen is diverted by the reflux branch 2 and the simulation branch 3. The fourth control valve 31 on the simulation branch 3 simulates the hydrogen consumption state in the fuel cell. At this time, the hydrogen entering the reflux branch 2 is the remaining hydrogen after the fuel cell reaction. The second flow meter 21 detects the flow rate of the reflux hydrogen, and the fourth pressure sensor 22 detects the pressure of the reflux hydrogen. The control test of the pressure reducing element 14 is further realized by the flow value and pressure value detected on the test main path 1 and the reflux branch 2.

[0032] Embodiment 3

[0033] Reference Figure 1 The second control valve 16 and the fourth control valve 31 proposed in the embodiment of the present invention are proportional valves.

[0034] In this embodiment, the second control valve 16 and the fourth control valve 31 are proportional valves, which can continuously and proportionally control the pressure and flow of hydrogen according to the input electrical signal. The proportional valve also has pressure compensation performance, and the output pressure and flow can be unaffected by load changes. Therefore, the proportional valve is used to simulate the back pressure of the fuel cell, and can adjust the resistance balance and reduce the test error caused by the unbalanced resistance; the fourth control valve 31 is used to simulate the consumption of hydrogen in the fuel cell. According to the working state of different fuel cells, the opening of the fourth control valve 31 is controlled in real time to simulate the consumption of hydrogen in the fuel cell, thereby improving the reliability of the simulated fuel cell operation and the accuracy of the test results.

[0035] Embodiment 4

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The first control valve 11 proposed in the embodiment of the present invention is a high-pressure pressure reducing valve.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first control valve 11 uses a high-pressure pressure reducing valve, which adjusts the flow rate of hydrogen by controlling the opening of the opening and closing member in the valve body, so that the pressure of hydrogen is kept within a certain range. The inlet end of the first control valve 11 is connected to the hydrogen storage bottle 10. The hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle 10 is usually above 12Mpa and cannot be directly supplied to the fuel cell. The high-pressure pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the pressure of the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle 10. Even if the pressure of the hydrogen output by the hydrogen storage bottle 10 changes, the high-pressure pressure reducing valve can keep the outlet pressure within the set range, thereby protecting the components at the rear end.

[0038] Embodiment 5

[0039] Reference Figure 1 , the third control valve 18 proposed in the embodiment of the present invention is a solenoid valve.

[0040] In this embodiment, the third control valve 18 is a solenoid valve, which automatically controls the opening or closing of the valve through power supply, and has the characteristics of fast response, low cost and high safety. The third control valve 18 is mainly used to control the discharge of hydrogen fuel after the fuel cell reaction. The solenoid valve is used to improve the efficiency and safety of the tail discharge.

[0041] Embodiment 6

[0042] Reference Figure 1 The tail outlet 19 proposed in the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a flame arrester.

[0043] In this embodiment, a flame arrester is provided at the tail exhaust port 19 to prevent external flames from entering the pipeline from the tail exhaust port 19 or to prevent flames from spreading in the pipeline, thereby improving safety.

[0044] Embodiment 7

[0045] Reference Figure 1 The first flow meter 12 and the second flow meter 21 proposed in the embodiment of the present invention are both mass flow meters.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first flow meter 12 and the second flow meter 21 are both mass flow meters, which have the advantages of fast response speed, good linearity, etc. The use of mass flow meters can improve the efficiency and accuracy of the test.

[0047] Embodiment 8

[0048] Reference Figure 1 The first pressure sensor 13 , the second pressure sensor 15 , the third pressure sensor 17 and the fourth pressure sensor 22 proposed in the embodiment of the present invention are all ceramic pressure sensors.

[0049] In this embodiment, the first pressure sensor 13, the second pressure sensor 15, the third pressure sensor 17 and the fourth pressure sensor 22 are all ceramic pressure sensors. Ceramic pressure sensors have the advantages of good linearity and precision. Using ceramic pressure sensors can improve the reliability of the test.

[0050] Embodiment 9

[0051] Reference Figure 1 The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element test device proposed in the embodiment of the present invention also includes a power supply module, which supplies power to all control valves, sensors and flow meters on the test main circuit 1, the return branch 2 and the simulation branch 3.

[0052] In this embodiment, the power supply module is electrically connected to the components on the test main circuit 1, the return branch 2 and the simulation branch 3, and provides power to them.

[0053] Embodiment 10

[0054] Reference Figure 1 The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element test device proposed in the embodiment of the present invention also includes a control module, which controls the power supply module to supply power, and the control module collects the flow and pressure values ​​of the test main path 1 and the return branch 2 in real time.

[0055] In this embodiment, the control module is mainly used to control the power supply module to supply power, and at the same time control the test main circuit 1, the return branch 2 and the simulation branch 3, for example, the power supply module is controlled to supply power to all control valves, sensors and flow meters on the test main circuit 1, the return branch 2 and the simulation branch 3, control the opening and closing of the control valve, control the opening of the simulation branch 3, etc. In addition, the control module collects the flow value and pressure value on the pipeline in real time, automatically analyzes the relationship between the flow and pressure of the pressure reducing element 14, and realizes the performance test of the pressure reducing element 14 and the test of the control strategy of the pressure reducing element in the hydrogen supply system.

[0056] The above description is only a partial or preferred embodiment of the present invention. Neither the text nor the drawings can limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the overall concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure relief element test device, characterized in that: It includes a test main path, which is provided with a hydrogen storage bottle, a first control valve, a first flow meter, a first pressure sensor, a pressure reducing element, a second pressure sensor, a second control valve for simulating the back pressure of a fuel cell, a third pressure sensor, a third control valve and a tail outlet in sequence along the air flow direction; The pipeline between the third pressure sensor and the third control valve is connected to the inlet end of the reflux branch, and the outlet end of the reflux branch is connected to the pipeline between the second pressure sensor and the second control valve. The reflux branch is provided with a second flow meter, a fourth pressure sensor and a one-way valve in sequence along the airflow direction.

2. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline between the third pressure sensor and the third control valve is connected with a simulation branch, the simulation branch is provided with a fourth control valve, and the simulation branch is used to simulate the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell.

3. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second control valve and the fourth control valve are proportional valves.

4. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first control valve is a high-pressure pressure reducing valve.

5. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third control valve is a solenoid valve.

6. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail discharge port is provided with a flame arrester.

7. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first flow meter and the second flow meter are both mass flow meters.

8. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor and the fourth pressure sensor are all ceramic pressure sensors.

9. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply module, which supplies power to all control valves, sensors and flow meters on the test main circuit, return branch circuit and simulation branch circuit.

10. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system pressure reducing element testing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a control module, which controls the power supply module to supply power, and the control module collects the flow and pressure values ​​of the test main circuit and the return branch in real time.

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