A coaxiality positioning device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coaxiality positioning device, which includes a positioning shaft. Screws are respectively arranged at both ends of the positioning shaft. The screws are movably arranged on the positioning shaft and can rotate while being axially limited in movement; a gland is threadedly connected to the screws. A guiding member for restricting the rotation of the gland and guiding the gland to move axially along the positioning shaft is arranged between the gland and the positioning shaft. An expansion sleeve is sleeved on the positioning shaft, and the expansion sleeve is connected to the gland. A conical surface capable of expanding the expansion sleeve to tightly adhere to the inner wall of the hole to be positioned is arranged on the expansion sleeve and / or the positioning shaft; since the connection between the gland and the expansion sleeve can not only drive the expansion sleeve to move during installation, but also pull out the expansion sleeve from the part through the gland when disassembling the positioning device, the disassembly and assembly are made more rapid and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tooling, and in particular to a device for coaxial positioning. Background Art

[0002] Suspension track beams usually have hoisting holes at both ends and are suspended and installed on columns through pin shafts. There are tolerance and coaxiality requirements for the hoisting holes at both ends of the track beam. In the prior art, post-welding integral machining or welding with a positioning shaft inserted is usually adopted. The track beam is a large structural part with large size and heavy weight. Integral machining requires large machine tools or special machine tools, and the handling and clamping are extremely inconvenient, with low machining efficiency and high cost. Due to the relatively large individual aperture tolerance of the hoisting hole, usually The coaxiality requirement for the two holes is 0.5 mm, and the distance between the two hoisting holes is relatively large. If an ordinary positioning process shaft is used, the maximum positioning diameter of the positioning shaft can only be manufactured according to the lower deviation value of the hole. There is a deviation value of 0.4 mm for the hole, and it is difficult to ensure the coaxiality of the two hoisting holes during shaft-passing welding. Moreover, due to welding deformation, the process shaft is easily stuck after welding, making it difficult to remove the process shaft. Patents 201420718112.6, 201420854342.5, and 202022018062.9 all disclose a tooling for hole coaxial positioning. In these patents, coaxial positioning is achieved by expanding a spring sleeve. Among them, patents 201420854342.5 and 202022018062.9 use threaded cooperation to tighten and expand the spring sleeve. Due to the error inherent in threaded cooperation, the coaxiality error is relatively large. Moreover, in these two technical solutions, the spring sleeve remains in the part hole after the tooling is removed and needs to be removed separately; although patent 201420718112.6 avoids the error problem of threaded cooperation and improves the coaxiality, the disassembly and assembly of the spring sleeve still require auxiliary tools, and for some parts with special hole shapes, the auxiliary tools cannot be used, and the removal of the spring sleeve has also become a relatively big problem. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a positioning device with high coaxial positioning accuracy and convenient disassembly and assembly, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0004] A coaxial positioning device includes a positioning shaft. Screws are respectively provided at both ends of the positioning shaft. The screws are movably arranged on the positioning shaft and can rotate and are axially limited to move; a gland is threadedly connected to the screws. A guiding member for restricting the rotation of the gland and guiding the gland to move axially along the positioning shaft is provided between the gland and the positioning shaft. An expansion sleeve is sleeved on the positioning shaft. The expansion sleeve is connected to the gland. A conical surface for expanding the expansion sleeve to tightly adhere to the inner wall of the hole to be positioned is provided on the expansion sleeve and / or the positioning shaft.

[0005] Further, a locking nut is provided on the screw, and a hexagonal head is provided at the end of the screw.

[0006] Further, a threaded hole is provided at the end of the positioning shaft, and a nut seat for installing the screw is threadedly connected in the threaded hole. A light hole is provided on the nut seat.

[0007] Further, the screw includes a smooth rod section and a threaded section. The smooth rod section is placed in the light hole. The diameter of the threaded section is larger than the diameter of the light hole. A limiting member for preventing the screw from disengaging from the light hole is installed at one end of the screw extending into the positioning shaft.

[0008] Further, the limiting member is a nut or a retaining plate.

[0009] Further, a limiting surface is provided at one end of the positioning shaft close to the nut seat, and a limiting member is provided at one end of the screw extending into the positioning shaft.

[0010] Further, the limiting member is a nut or a retaining plate.

[0011] Further, the guiding member is a keyway and a key.

[0012] Further, the expansion sleeve includes a connecting flange and expansion pieces. The gland is connected to the connecting flange by screws.

[0013] Further, at least three petals are provided on the connecting flange and the expansion pieces, and they are combined into a tubular shape. A set of kidney-shaped holes are provided on the gland for screw connection of the connecting flanges.

[0014] Further, the connecting flange is an integral body, and at least three arc-shaped pieces are provided on the expansion pieces and combined into a tubular shape.

[0015] With the above technical solution, since the expansion sleeve cooperates with the shaft to expand to achieve positioning of the hole, although the gland is in threaded cooperation, the gland only plays a role in driving the expansion sleeve to move. The expansion and positioning process is realized by the sliding cooperation of the expansion sleeve and the positioning shaft, thereby improving the positioning accuracy. Since the connection between the gland and the expansion sleeve can not only drive the expansion sleeve to move during installation, but also pull out the expansion sleeve from the part through the gland when disassembling the positioning device, the disassembly and assembly are made more rapid and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the practical state of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Partial enlarged view;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the gland structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the expansion sleeve of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the expansion sleeve of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the screw assembly structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the screw assembly structure of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] In order to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following further elaborates on this technical solution in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0026] As Figure 1 only Figure 3 shown, the coaxiality positioning device includes a positioning shaft 1. Screw rods 2 are respectively provided at both ends of the positioning shaft 1. A gland 3 is threadedly connected to the screw rods 2. An expansion sleeve 5 is sleeved on the positioning shaft 1. The expansion sleeve 5 is connected to the gland 3. Among them, the screw rods 2 can rotate at both ends of the positioning shaft 1 but are limited in the axial direction of the positioning shaft 1. Its specific implementation manner will be further elaborated later. A guiding member 4 is provided between the gland 3 and the positioning shaft 1. The guiding member 4 can be adopted such as Figure 4The mating method of the keyway and the key shown can limit the rotation of the gland 3 through the guide member 4. At the same time, when the screw 2 is rotated, the gland 3 can axially move linearly along the positioning shaft 1 under the action of the guide member 4. Since one end of the expansion sleeve 5 is connected to the gland 3, when the gland 3 moves, it can drive the expansion sleeve 5 to axially move along the positioning shaft 1. A conical surface 6 is provided on the expansion sleeve 5 or the positioning shaft 1. When the expansion sleeve 5 moves, the expansion sleeve 5 can be expanded and deformed through the conical surface 6, so that the expansion sleeve 5 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the hole of the part A with positioning. Since expansion sleeves 5 are provided at both ends of the positioning shaft 1, the expansion sleeves 5 at both ends of the positioning shaft 1 are expanded to position the two holes. These two expansion sleeves 5 are on the same positioning shaft 1, so that the two expansion sleeves 5 maintain coaxiality, and further the holes where the expansion sleeves 5 are located have good coaxiality. After the workpiece is welded and the positioning device is disassembled, since the gland 3 is connected to the expansion sleeve 5, when the screw 2 is screwed to make the gland 3 withdraw, it can drive the expansion sleeve 5 to withdraw together, avoiding the cumbersome steps of having to continue to remove the expansion sleeve 5 later. Moreover, it is rather troublesome to remove the expansion sleeve 5 with auxiliary tools. Since the expansion sleeve 5 is tightly clamped by the positioning shaft 1 and the hole to be positioned after being tensioned, it is very difficult to take out. Therefore, adopting this structure is convenient for installation and can be quickly disassembled, making it more convenient to use.

[0027] As Figure 6 shown, the expansion sleeve 5 includes a connecting flange 16 and a set of expansion pieces 17. The connecting flange 16 is a complete ring, and the expansion pieces 17 are arc-shaped sheets which are combined into a circular tube shape. Only the expansion pieces 17 deform and expand during expansion.

[0028] As Figure 7 shown, the expansion sleeve 5 is an improvement based on the Figure 6 embodiment given. The connecting flange 16 is also divided into several parts, corresponding to the expansion pieces 17. After combination, the connecting flange 16 and the expansion pieces 17 are in a tubular shape. In this structure, when the expansion sleeve 5 deforms, the connecting flange 16 will also expand accordingly. Since the connecting flange 16 needs to be screwed to the gland 3, as Figure 5 shown, waist-shaped holes 18 are provided on the gland 3 for the connection holes of the screws. In this way, even when the connecting flange 16 expands and moves, the screws can have space to move in the waist-shaped holes 18, so as to ensure the connection relationship between the expansion sleeve 5 and the gland 3 all the time.

[0029] Two embodiments of the installation method of the screw 2 are given here. Both of these two embodiments require an internal thread to be provided at the end of the positioning shaft 1 and a nut seat 10 to be installed. Therefore, a threaded hole 9 is provided at the end of the positioning shaft 1 for installing the nut seat 10, and a clearance hole 11 is provided in the nut seat 10. As Figure 8The screw rod 2 shown is provided with a threaded section 13 and a smooth rod section 12. The smooth rod section 12 is arranged in the smooth hole 11. At one end of the screw rod 2 extending into the positioning shaft 1, a limiting member 14 (a retaining piece or a nut) is connected. When installing the nut, it needs to be locked with an opening pin. In this way, the screw rod 2 cannot be separated from the nut seat 10. In this structure, since the positioning shaft 1 is tubular, in order to prevent the screw rod 2 from falling into the positioning shaft 1, the diameter of the threaded section 13 is made larger than the diameter of the smooth hole 11, so as to prevent the screw rod 2 from moving into the positioning shaft 1. Another implementation method is as Figure 9 shown. The positioning shaft 1 is solid. It only needs to connect a limiting member 14 (a retaining piece or a nut) at one end of the screw rod 2 extending into the positioning shaft 1. When the screw rod 2 moves into the positioning shaft 1, it is restricted by the limiting surface 15 in the positioning shaft 1 to block its movement. In the above two embodiments, a hexagonal head 8 (internal hexagonal or external hexagonal) is provided on the screw rod 2. By screwing the screw rod 2, the screw rod 2 rotates in the nut seat 10, so as to drive the gland 3 to move axially along the positioning shaft 1.

[0030] In the above technical solutions, in order to prevent the gland 3 from loosening after pressing the expansion sleeve 5, a locking nut 7 is also provided on the screw rod 2. After the gland 3 is screwed in place, the gland 3 is locked by the locking nut 7.

Claims

1. A coaxiality positioning device, comprising a positioning shaft (1), characterized in that: At both ends of the positioning shaft (1), screws (2) are respectively provided. The screws (2) are movably arranged on the positioning shaft (1) and can rotate, and the axial movement of the screws (2) is limited axially. A gland (3) is threadedly connected to the screw (2). A guiding member (4) for restricting the rotation of the gland (3) and guiding the gland (3) to move axially along the positioning shaft (1) is provided between the gland (3) and the positioning shaft (1). An expansion sleeve (5) is sleeved on the positioning shaft (1), and the expansion sleeve (5) is connected to the gland (3). A conical surface (6) capable of expanding the expansion sleeve (5) to tightly fit against the inner wall of the hole to be positioned is provided on the expansion sleeve (5) and / or the positioning shaft (1). The expansion sleeve (5) includes a connecting flange (16) and expansion pieces (17). The gland (3) is connected to the connecting flange (16) by screws. When the screw (2) is rotated, the gland (3) can move linearly axially along the positioning shaft (1) under the action of the guiding member (4). When the gland (3) moves, it can drive the expansion sleeve (5) to move axially along the positioning shaft (1). When the expansion sleeve (5) moves, the expansion sleeve (5) can be expanded and deformed through the conical surface (6), so that the expansion sleeve (5) tightly fits against the inner wall of the hole of the part A to be positioned. Since expansion sleeves (5) are provided at both ends of the positioning shaft (1), the expansion sleeves (5) at both ends of the positioning shaft (1) are expanded to position the two holes. These two expansion sleeves (5) are on the same positioning shaft (1), so that the two expansion sleeves (5) maintain coaxiality, and further the holes where the expansion sleeves (5) are located have good coaxiality. When the screw (2) is screwed to withdraw the gland (3), the expansion sleeve (5) can be driven to withdraw together.

2. The coaxiality positioning device according to claim 1, wherein: A locking nut (7) is provided on the screw (2), and a hexagonal head (8) is provided at the end of the screw (2).

3. A coaxiality positioning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A threaded hole (9) is provided at the end of the positioning shaft (1), and a nut seat (10) for installing the screw (2) is threadedly connected in the threaded hole (9). A clearance hole (11) is provided on the nut seat (10).

4. The coaxiality positioning device according to claim 3, wherein: The screw (2) includes a smooth rod section (12) and a threaded section (13). The smooth rod section (12) is placed in the clearance hole (11), and the diameter of the threaded section (13) is larger than the diameter of the clearance hole (11). A limiting member (14) for restricting the screw (2) from disengaging from the clearance hole (11) is installed at one end of the screw (2) extending into the positioning shaft (1).

5. A coaxiality positioning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting member (14) is a nut or a retaining piece.

6. The coaxiality positioning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limiting surface (15) is provided at one end of the positioning shaft (1) close to the nut seat (10), and a limiting member (14) is provided at one end of the screw (2) extending into the positioning shaft (1).

7. The coaxiality positioning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting member (14) is a nut or a retaining piece.

8. A coaxiality positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding member (4) is a keyway and a key.

9. A coaxiality positioning device according to claim 1, wherein: The connecting flange (16) and the expansion pieces (17) are at least provided with three petals and are combined into a tubular shape. A group of waist-shaped holes (18) are provided on the gland (3) for screw connection of the connecting flanges (16).

10. A coaxiality positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting flange (16) is an integral body, and the expansion pieces (17) are at least provided with three arc-shaped pieces and are combined into a tubular shape.

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