Cold slag device, cold slag system and slag discharging method

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a slag cooling device, a slag cooling system and a slag discharging method. In one aspect, the slag cooling device comprises a shell, the internal space of the shell is divided into a feeding area, a cooling area and a discharging area from top to bottom; a heat exchange unit is arranged in the cooling area and used for cooling slag from the feeding area; a lower distributor is arranged in the discharging area and used for controlling the uniform distribution of slag from the cooling area to the discharging area, and simultaneously bearing the gravity of slag in the feeding area and the cooling area, so as to avoid the compaction of slag and the failure of a slag flow regulating valve.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of carbon-hydrogen fuel energy chemical industry, in particular, the present disclosure relates to a cold slag device, a cold slag system and a slag discharging method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Coal gasification is one of the core technologies of clean and efficient utilization of coal, and is the basis for developing coal-based chemicals, coal-based clean fuels, industrial gas and poly-generation system and other coal chemical process industries. The fluidized bed gasifier uses 0-10mm pulverized coal as raw material, and the gasification agent and the pulverized coal are gasified in a fluidized state. The solid-state slag is discharged. The fluidized bed gasifier has the advantages of strong coal adaptability, coal gas without tar, high gasification intensity, and is widely used in coal-based industrial gas, small and medium-sized synthetic ammonia gas source transformation, etc.

[0003] At present, in the cold slag system of the fluidized bed gasifier, due to the unreasonable design of the cold slag structure, the slag discharge is not smooth, and the slag discharge is prone to deflection, and other technical problems of poor slag discharge stability. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present disclosure provides a cold slag device, a cold slag system and a slag discharging method to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present disclosure comprises:

[0006] As an aspect of the present disclosure, a cold slag device is provided, comprising:

[0007] The housing is divided into an inlet area, a cooling area and an outlet area from top to bottom in the internal space of the housing;

[0008] The heat exchange unit is arranged in the cooling area and is used for cooling the slag from the inlet area;

[0009] The lower distributor is arranged in the outlet area and is used for controlling the uniform distribution of the slag from the cooling area to the outlet area, and at the same time, the gravity of the slag in the inlet area and the cooling area is borne, so as to avoid the compaction of the slag and the failure of the slag flow regulating valve.

[0010] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the upper surface of the lower distributor is a conical surface, and the included angle d between the conical surface and the horizontal plane is in the range of: alpha < preset slag rest angle, wherein the preset slag rest angle is the slag rest angle of the slag;

[0011] The conical bottom edge of the lower distributor can be a complete circle, or can have uniformly distributed holes on the circular edge;

[0012] The lower end of the housing is provided with a slag outlet, and the slag outlet is communicated with the outlet area;

[0013] The cross section of the discharging area is circular, the lower distributor is a rotating body, the central axis of the rotating body intersects with the center of the cross section of the discharging area and is perpendicular to the cross section of the discharging area; there is an annular gap between the lower distributor and the inner wall of the shell, and the ratio of the area of the annular gap to the cross-sectional area of the slag outlet is 0.8-1.5.

[0014] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the slag cooling device further comprises:

[0015] A plurality of turbulence air pipes are circumferentially and uniformly distributed in the lower part of the shell, the turbulence air pipes are communicated with the discharging area, and the air outlets of the turbulence air pipes are located below the lower distributor.

[0016] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the upper end of the shell is provided with a slag inlet communicated with the feeding area, and the device further comprises:

[0017] The upper distributor is arranged in the feeding area and is used for uniformly distributing the slag from the slag inlet to the cooling area, and simultaneously bears the gravity of the slag in the feeding area and the cooling area, so that the slag is prevented from compacting the slag flow regulating valve and causing the slag flow regulating valve to fail;

[0018] The water spraying unit is arranged between the upper distributor and the heat exchange unit.

[0019] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the heat exchange unit adopts heat exchange pipes or a spraying assembly;

[0020] The heat exchange pipes adopt serpentine pipes or ring pipes;

[0021] The spraying assembly comprises a water inlet main pipe, a plurality of primary branch pipes and a plurality of secondary branch pipes, the plurality of primary branch pipes are horizontally arranged, each primary branch pipe is connected with a plurality of downwardly extending secondary branch pipes, and each secondary branch pipe is provided with a plurality of spraying openings.

[0022] Another aspect of the present disclosure further provides a slag cooling system of the above slag cooling device, comprising:

[0023] The slag cooling device comprises a shell, a heat exchange unit and a lower distributor; the internal space of the shell is divided into a feeding area, a cooling area and a discharging area from top to bottom; the heat exchange unit is arranged in the cooling area and is used for cooling the slag from the feeding area; and the lower distributor is arranged in the discharging area and is used for uniformly distributing the slag from the cooling area to the discharging area, and simultaneously bears the gravity of the slag in the feeding area and the cooling area, so that the slag is prevented from compacting the slag flow regulating valve and causing the slag flow regulating valve to fail;

[0024] The slag lock hopper comprises a feeding port, a discharging port and an air inlet and outlet, and the feeding port of the slag lock hopper is communicated with the slag outlet of the slag cooling device.

[0025] The slag cooler is communicated with the discharging port of the slag lock hopper.

[0026] The slag lock hopper is a pressure changing device, and the slag lock hopper is used to balance the pressure difference between the slag cooling device and the slag cooler by changing the internal air pressure, and the air inlet and outlet are used to change the internal air pressure of the slag lock hopper by inflating or exhausting the slag lock hopper through the air inlet and outlet.

[0027] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the air inlet and outlet include a first air inlet and outlet and a second air inlet and outlet, the first air inlet and outlet are used to inflate the slag lock hopper through the first air inlet and outlet, and the second air inlet and outlet are used to inflate or exhaust the slag lock hopper through the second air inlet and outlet.

[0028] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the slag cooling system further includes a slag lock hopper filter used to filter ash particles carried by the slag lock hopper during exhaust, the slag lock hopper filter includes an upper port and a lower port, the lower port of the slag lock hopper filter is in communication with the second air inlet and outlet, and the upper port of the slag lock hopper filter is provided with an exhaust valve and an air inlet valve, and the exhaust valve includes a first exhaust valve and a second exhaust valve.

[0029] The slag flow regulating valve and the first slag flow switch valve are arranged between the material inlet of the slag lock hopper and the slag outlet of the slag cooling device.

[0030] The second slag flow switch valve is arranged between the slag inlet of the slag cooler and the material outlet of the slag lock hopper.

[0031] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a slag discharging method using the above-mentioned slag cooling system, which includes the following steps.

[0032] The slag discharged from the gasification furnace is introduced into the slag cooling device, and then is uniformly distributed and scattered to the material outlet area of the slag cooling device under the action of the lower distributor after passing through the material inlet area and the cooling area of the slag cooling device in sequence.

[0033] The air inlet and outlet in the slag lock hopper are opened to inflate the slag lock hopper through the air inlet and outlet to the slag discharging pressure of the slag cooling device.

[0034] The first slag flow switch valve and the slag flow regulating valve between the material inlet of the slag lock hopper and the slag outlet of the slag cooling device are closed, and the slag in the material outlet area is discharged into the slag lock hopper under the action of gravity according to the preset flow.

[0035] When the slag in the slag lock hopper is filled to the first preset material level, the first slag flow switch valve and the slag flow regulating valve are closed, and the air inlet and outlet in the slag lock hopper are opened to depressurize the slag lock hopper through the air inlet and outlet.

[0036] When the pressure in the slag lock hopper is depressurized to the slag discharging pressure of the slag cooler, the second slag flow switch valve between the slag inlet of the slag cooler and the material outlet of the slag lock hopper is opened, and the slag in the slag lock hopper is discharged into the slag cooler.

[0037] When the slag in the slag lock hopper is reduced to the second preset level, the second slag flow switch valve and the inlet and exhaust port in the slag lock hopper are closed, and the slag cooler is stopped to end the slag discharge.

[0038] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the inlet and exhaust port includes a first inlet and exhaust port and a second inlet and exhaust port, the second inlet and exhaust port communicates with the lower port of the slag lock hopper filter, the upper port of the slag lock hopper filter is provided with an exhaust valve and an inlet valve, and the exhaust valve includes a first exhaust valve and a second exhaust valve.

[0039] When the slag in the slag lock hopper is reduced to the second preset level, the second slag flow switch valve and the inlet and exhaust port in the slag lock hopper are closed, and the slag cooler is stopped to end the slag discharge.

[0040] When the exhaust valve is in the closed state, the second inlet and exhaust port and the inlet valve are opened to flush the first flushing gas into the slag lock hopper filter, so that the first flushing gas enters the slag lock hopper through the second inlet and exhaust port.

[0041] When the slag lock hopper is pressurized to the first preset intermediate slag discharge pressure, the inlet valve and the second inlet and exhaust port are closed, and the first inlet and exhaust port is opened to flush the second flushing gas into the slag lock hopper filter through the first inlet and exhaust port until the slag lock hopper is pressurized to the slag discharge pressure of the slag cooler.

[0042] When the slag in the slag lock hopper is reduced to the second preset level, the second slag flow switch valve and the inlet and exhaust port in the slag lock hopper are closed, and the slag cooler is stopped to end the slag discharge.

[0043] The second inlet and exhaust port and the first exhaust valve are opened, so that the gas in the slag lock hopper enters the slag lock hopper filter through the second inlet and exhaust port and is discharged through the first exhaust valve of the slag lock hopper filter.

[0044] When the gas in the slag lock hopper filter is depressurized to the second preset intermediate slag discharge pressure, the second exhaust valve is opened, so that the gas from the slag lock hopper is discharged through the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve until the gas in the slag lock hopper filter is depressurized to the slag discharge pressure of the slag cooler.

[0045] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, during the process of passing the slag discharged from the gasification furnace into the slag cooler, the material sealing gas with a preset wind speed is passed upward into the slag discharge pipe of the gasification furnace to avoid the slag from carrying the oxygen-containing gasification agent in the gasification furnace, which causes slagging in the slag discharge pipe; the material sealing gas uses at least one of the following: water vapor, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide; the preset wind speed range of the material sealing gas is 0.01 m / s to 0.1 m / s.

[0046] The first flushing gas is nitrogen with a first temperature range, and the first temperature range is 100-200℃.

[0047] The second flushing gas is nitrogen with a first temperature range or nitrogen with a second temperature range, and the second temperature range is 0-100℃.

[0048] Based on the above technical solution, the present disclosure has the following beneficial effects relative to the prior art:

[0049] The slag cooling device provided by the present disclosure sets a heat exchange unit, so that the hot slag from the gasification furnace enters the cooling zone from the feeding zone; after the cooled slag enters the discharging zone, the shunting effect of the lower distributor makes the slag uniformly fall from different positions of the cooling zone, and the lower distributor can effectively control the downward speed of the slag, so that the slag stably and smoothly moves downward, ensures that the slag can be uniformly and stably discharged after being uniformly scattered to the discharging zone, solves the technical problem of poor slag discharging stability in the prior art due to unreasonable design of the slag cooling structure, such as unsmooth slag discharging and easy occurrence of slag flow deviation. At the same time, the lower distributor bears the gravity of the slag in the feeding zone and the cooling zone, avoiding the compaction of the slag flow regulating valve, which causes the failure of the slag flow regulating valve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of the slag cooling device of the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown;

[0051] Figure 2a The structure schematic diagram of the slag cooling device of another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown;

[0052] Figure 2b The structure schematic diagram of the slag cooling device of another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown; Figure 2a The top view of the A section in the structure schematic diagram of the slag cooling device of the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown;

[0053] Figure 3a The structure schematic diagram of the slag cooling device of another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown;

[0054] Figure 3b The structure schematic diagram of the slag cooling device of another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown; Figure 3a The top view of the B section in the structure schematic diagram of the slag cooling device of the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown;

[0055] Figure 4 The structure schematic diagram of the slag cooling system of the above slag cooling device of the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown;

[0056] Figure 5 The method flow chart of discharging slag by using the above slag cooling system of the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0057] Explanation of reference signs:

[0058] 11 - housing; 111 - feeding zone; 112 - cooling zone; 113 - discharging zone; 12 - lower distributor; 13 - slag outlet; 14 - spoiler duct; 15 - slag inlet; 16 - upper distributor; 17 - heat exchange tube; 18 - water spraying unit; 19 - water inlet main pipe; 191 - first branch pipe; 192 - second branch pipe; 1 - slag cooler; 2 - slag lock hopper; 21 - feeding port; 22 - discharging port; 23 - first air inlet and outlet port; 24 - second air inlet and outlet port; 3 - slag cooler; 31 - slag cooler inlet; 4 - slag lock hopper filter; 41 - upper port; 42 - lower port; 5 - air outlet valve; 51 - first air outlet valve; 52 - second air outlet valve; 6 - air inlet valve; 7 - slag flow regulating valve; 8 - first slag flow on-off valve; 9 - second slag flow on-off valve; L1 - first preset level; L2 - second preset level; G - gas seal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to make the objects, technical solutions, and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the following will further describe the present disclosure in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the description is only exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that one or more embodiments can be practiced without these specific details. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques have been omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the present disclosure.

[0061] The terms used herein are only intended to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The terms "include", "comprise" and the like used herein indicate the presence of the described features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0062] All terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the meanings commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of the present specification, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner.

[0063] In the case of using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C", it generally means the same as "at least one of A or B; at least one of A or C; at least one of B or C; at least one of A, B, and C; and the like". In the case of using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, or C", it generally means the same as "at least one of A or B; at least one of A or C; at least one of B or C; at least one of A, B, and C; and the like".

[0064] At present, the cold slag method of the fluidized bed gasifier generally adopts an indirect heat exchange mode to cool the bottom slag, for example, a mechanical drum slag cooler or a moving bed serpentine heat exchange tube slag cooler. The mechanical drum slag cooler can strengthen the heat transfer between the solid particles and the heat exchange tube by mechanical rotation, but the heat transfer coefficient is still low, and the sealing of the rotating part often leaks, especially on the pressurized fluidized bed, the sealing surface of the rotating part leaks more seriously. The slag cooler in the form of the moving bed serpentine heat exchange tube has good pressure bearing capacity and is suitable for being used as a cold slag device of the pressurized fluidized bed, but the slag downward movement in the internal slag cooler is easy to cause flow deviation, which greatly reduces the effective heat exchange area of the slag cooler, causing the slag cooler to have a very large volume and increasing the construction cost of the fluidized bed gasifier device.

[0065] In addition, affected by the harsh environment of high temperature and high pressure, the regulation and control of the slag discharge amount of the pressurized fluidized bed gasifier is unstable, which causes the bed pressure in the pressurized fluidized bed gasifier to fluctuate greatly, affecting the stable operation of the device.

[0066] Therefore, the present disclosure provides a cold slag device, a cold slag system, and a slag discharge method.

[0067] The cold slag device of the present disclosure is schematically illustrated below. It should be noted that the illustration is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure and cannot limit the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0068] Figure 1 The structure of the cold slag device of the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0069] As shown in Figure 1 The cold slag device comprises:

[0070] The housing 11 is internally divided into an inlet area 111, a cooling area 112, and an outlet area 113 from top to bottom.

[0071] A heat exchange unit is arranged in the cooling area 112 and used for cooling the slag from the feeding area 111;

[0072] A lower distributor 12 is arranged in the discharging area 113 and used for uniformly distributing the slag from the cooling area 112 to the discharging area 113.

[0073] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the shell 11 can be a metal shell composed of a water-cooled jacket.

[0074] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat exchange unit can adopt a heat exchange pipe 17.

[0075] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat exchange pipe 17 can adopt a serpentine pipe or a ring pipe.

[0076] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat exchange pipe 17 can be a serpentine pipe in the same plane, and the cooling medium in the heat exchange pipe 17 is circulating cooling water or cooling liquid.

[0077] The slag cooling device provided by the present disclosure can make the hot slag from the gasification furnace enter the cooling area from the feeding area through the arrangement of the heat exchange unit; after the cooled slag enters the discharging area, the flow distribution of the lower distributor can make the slag uniformly fall from different positions of the cooling area, and the lower distributor can effectively control the downward speed of the slag, so that the slag can stably and smoothly move downward, and the slag can be uniformly and stably discharged after being uniformly distributed to the discharging area, thereby solving the technical problems of poor slag discharging stability in the prior art, such as unsmooth slag discharging and easy slag flow deviation, caused by unreasonable design of the slag cooling structure.

[0078] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the upper surface of the lower distributor 12 is a conical surface, and the included angle a between the conical surface and the horizontal plane is in the range of a < preset slag rest angle, wherein the preset slag rest angle is the slag rest angle of the slag.

[0079] The lower end of the shell 11 is provided with a slag outlet 13, and the slag outlet 13 is communicated with the discharging area 113.

[0080] The cross section of the discharging area 113 is circular, the lower distributor 12 is a rotating body, the central axis of the rotating body intersects with the center of the cross section of the discharging area and is perpendicular to the cross section of the discharging area; there is an annular gap between the lower distributor 12 and the inner wall of the shell 11, and the ratio of the area of the annular gap to the cross-sectional area of the slag outlet 13 is 0.8-1.5.

[0081] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the included angle a between the conical surface and the horizontal plane can be preferably 0-1 / 2 preset slag rest angle.

[0082] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the preset slag rest angle can be measured by using a fixed diameter method, a fixed height method or a rest angle measuring instrument-full automatic. The preset slag rest angle is related to the type of slag. Different types of slag have different slag rest angles measured by the above methods.

[0083] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the upper surface of the lower distributor is a conical surface, which is to prevent the slag from moving only from the middle of the slag outlet and not from the two sides during the downward movement, resulting in a flow deviation. By setting the angle α between the conical surface of the lower distributor and the horizontal plane to be less than the preset slag rest angle, the material in the center of the heat exchange unit needs to move a longer distance and overcome a greater resistance to enter the discharge area. Compared with the center material in the heat exchange unit, the edge wall material has smaller moving resistance and smoother passage, so that the material from the heat exchange unit can move downward uniformly, ensuring that all heat exchange surfaces of the heat exchange unit can play a heat exchange effect. The ratio of the area of the annular gap between the lower distributor and the inner wall of the shell to the cross-sectional area of the slag outlet is 0.8-1.5, which further improves the uniformity of the downward movement of the material from the heat exchange unit, and at the same time, the gravity of the slag in the feeding area and the cooling area is borne, avoiding the compaction of the slag flow regulating valve, resulting in the failure of the slag flow regulating valve.

[0084] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the slag cooling device further comprises:

[0085] A plurality of turbulence air pipes 14, wherein the plurality of turbulence air pipes 14 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed in the lower part of the shell 11, the turbulence air pipe 14 is in communication with the discharge area 113, and the air outlet of the turbulence air pipe 14 is located below the lower distributor 12.

[0086] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of turbulence air pipes 14 can be 4-8 turbulence air pipes, for example, but not limited to: 4, 6, 8.

[0087] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the turbulence air pipe 14 can be continuously operated or intermittently operated at a certain time interval.

[0088] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the turbulence air pipe 14 can have a wind speed of 15-30 m / s, for example, but not limited to: 15 m / s, 20 m / s, 25 m / s, 30 m / s; when the turbulence air pipe 14 is running, the apparent wind speed of the section where the turbulence air pipe 14 is located can be 0.01 m / s-0.05 m / s, for example, but not limited to: 0.01 m / s, 0.02 m / s, 0.03 m / s, 0.04 m / s, 0.05 m / s.

[0089] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the turbulence air pipe is used to disturb the airflow, so that the slag falls uniformly and stably from the lower distributor, ensures the continuous and stable slag discharge of the slag cooling device, and at the same time, strengthens the heat transfer between the slag and the heat exchange pipe.

[0090] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the shell 11 is provided with a slag inlet 15 at the upper end, and the slag inlet 15 is in communication with the feeding area 111, wherein the device further comprises:

[0091] an upper distributor 16, which is arranged in the feeding area 111 and is used to uniformly distribute the slag from the slag inlet 15 to the cooling area 112.

[0092] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the upper distributor 16 can be a single cone or multiple cones.

[0093] Another embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below Figure 2a and Figure 2b Another embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below Figure 2a a structural diagram of a slag cooling device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown; Figure 2b a structural diagram of a slag cooling device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown; Figure 2a a top view of the section A in FIG. 8.

[0094] As shown in Figure 2a and Figure 2b the slag cooling device structure of the embodiment of the present disclosure is basically the same as that of the above-mentioned Figure 1 embodiment, except that the slag cooling device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure further comprises a water spraying unit 18, wherein the water spraying unit 18 is arranged between the upper distributor 16 and the heat exchange unit.

[0095] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat exchange unit can adopt heat exchange pipes 17.

[0096] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat exchange pipes 17 can adopt annular pipes.

[0097] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the water spraying unit uniformly sprays water on the hot slag, absorbs the heat of the hot slag through the latent heat of the atomized water vaporization, rapidly cools the hot slag, and uniformly distributes the downward moving hot slag through the disturbance generated by the atomized water vaporization. The water spraying unit is arranged to reduce the temperature of the hot slag to about 600°C, so that the sprayed water all rises into the gasification furnace as a gasification agent, and at the same time, the water is prevented from moving downward with the slag into the heat exchange unit and condensing on the heat exchange pipes, thereby reducing the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange pipes.

[0098] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the water spraying unit is arranged between the upper distributor and the heat exchange unit, thereby preventing the atomized water from condensing on the wall of the heat exchange pipes.

[0099] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the slag cooling device provided by the present disclosure separates the cooling area into multiple annular intervals through the water-cooled wall composed of the heat exchange pipes when the uniformly distributed hot slag enters the heat exchange pipe heat exchanger area, and controls the uniform downward movement of the slag in each annular interval through the lower distributor.

[0100] Another embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below Figure 3a andFigure 3b Another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated, Figure 3a A schematic diagram of the slag cooling device structure of another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3b A schematic diagram of the slag cooling device structure of another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3a A top view at the B section.

[0101] As Figure 3a and Figure 3b illustrated, the embodiment of the present disclosure is substantially the same as the slag cooling device structure of the above-mentioned Figure 1 illustrated embodiment, except that the heat exchange unit of the slag cooling device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts a spraying assembly, which can include a water inlet main pipe 19, a first branch pipe 191, and a second branch pipe 192. The first branch pipe 191 is provided with multiple first branch pipes, which are arranged horizontally. Each first branch pipe 191 is connected to multiple second branch pipes 192 extending downward. Each second branch pipe 192 is provided with multiple spraying openings.

[0102] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first branch pipe 191 and the second branch pipe 192 in the spraying assembly are arranged according to the material blocking force to set the nozzle spacing and nozzle diameter, so as to ensure uniform water atomization.

[0103] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the sprayed water first performs indirect heat exchange with the hot slag through the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe, and then partially or completely gasifies to form a pressurized mist, which is uniformly dispersed in the hot slag through the spraying openings to cool the hot slag. The use of such structure and process design is conducive to atomization at the spraying openings, and also avoids local condensation and fluctuation caused by uneven atomization of water at the spraying openings.

[0104] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the apparent gas velocity of the water vapor formed in the slag cooling device after water atomization can be 0.01-0.05 m / s, for example, but not limited to: 0.01 m / s, 0.02 m / s, 0.03 m / s, 0.04 m / s, or 0.05 m / s.

[0105] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the spraying assembly can adjust the water quantity of each branch pipe and determine whether to be put into use according to the slag temperature at the slag outlet 13 of the slag cooling device.

[0106] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the slag cooling device, on the one hand, cools the hot slag by water spraying heat absorption, and on the other hand, fluidizes the slag in the cooling zone by the water vapor formed by water gasification, and strengthens the heat exchange between solids and gases.

[0107] The present disclosure also provides a slag cooling system comprising the above-mentioned slag cooling device.

[0108] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the slag cooling system structure of the above-mentioned slag cooling device of the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0109] AsFigure 4 The slag cooling system is shown to comprise:

[0110] The slag cooling device 1 comprises a shell, a heat exchange unit, and a lower distributor; the interior space of the shell is divided into a feeding area, a cooling area, and a discharging area from top to bottom; the heat exchange unit is arranged in the cooling area and is used for cooling slag from the feeding area; the lower distributor is arranged in the discharging area and is used for controlling the uniform distribution of the slag from the cooling area to the discharging area, and the lower distributor bears the gravity of the slag in the feeding area and the cooling area, so as to avoid the compaction of the slag and the failure of the slag flow regulating valve;

[0111] The slag lock hopper 2 comprises a feeding port 21, a discharging port 22, and an air inlet and outlet port; the feeding port 21 of the slag lock hopper is in communication with the slag outlet 13 of the slag cooling device 1;

[0112] The slag cooler 3, and the slag inlet 31 of the slag cooler 3 is in communication with the discharging port 22 of the slag lock hopper 2;

[0113] The slag lock hopper 2 is a pressure changing device, and is used for balancing the pressure difference between the slag cooling device 1 and the slag cooler 3 by changing the internal air pressure; and the air inlet and outlet port is used for changing the internal air pressure of the slag lock hopper 2 by inflating or deflating the slag lock hopper 2 through the air inlet and outlet port.

[0114] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the slag cooler 3 can be a slag conveying device, and can cool the slag to <100℃, so as to meet the safe conveying and storage requirements of the slag.

[0115] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the slag cooler 3 can be a mechanical roller slag cooler, a water-cooled screw, or a non-mechanical static slag cooler.

[0116] According to the slag cooling system, the hot slag from the gasification furnace can be cooled by the slag cooling device and then discharged, because the interior of the slag cooling device is under high pressure and the slag cooler is under normal pressure, in order to ensure the stable discharge of the cooled slag, the pressure changing device, i.e., the slag lock hopper, is arranged, which is used for balancing the pressure difference between the slag cooling device and the slag cooler by changing the internal air pressure, so as to ensure the smooth discharge of the slag.

[0117] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the air inlet and outlet port comprises a first air inlet and outlet port 23 and a second air inlet and outlet port 24; the first air inlet and outlet port 23 is used for inflating the slag lock hopper 2 through the first air inlet and outlet port 23; and the second air inlet and outlet port 24 is used for inflating or deflating the slag lock hopper 2 through the second air inlet and outlet port 24.

[0118] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the slag cooling system further comprises a slag lock hopper filter 4 for filtering ash powder particles carried by the slag lock hopper exhaust, wherein the slag lock hopper filter 4 comprises an upper port 41 and a lower port 42, the lower port 42 of the slag lock hopper filter 4 is in communication with the second exhaust inlet and outlet port 24, and the upper port 41 of the slag lock hopper filter 4 is provided with an exhaust valve 5 and an air inlet valve 6, wherein the exhaust valve 5 comprises a first exhaust valve 51 and a second exhaust valve 52.

[0119] The slag flow regulating valve 7 and the first slag flow switch valve 8 are arranged between the feed inlet 21 of the slag lock hopper 2 and the slag outlet 13 of the slag cooling device 1.

[0120] The second slag flow switch valve 9 is arranged between the slag cooling inlet 31 of the slag cooler 3 and the discharge outlet 22 of the slag lock hopper 2.

[0121] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the slag lock hopper filter 4 can be a dust removal filter.

[0122] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the slag lock hopper filter 4 can be installed at the upper portion of the slag lock hopper 2, so as to ensure that the ash powder particles captured by the slag lock hopper filter 4 can enter the slag lock hopper 2 smoothly under the back blowing of the air inlet valve 6.

[0123] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the slag flow regulating valve 7 can be a mechanical disc valve, a slide valve, a rotary valve, or a non-mechanical pneumatic conveying valve.

[0124] The present disclosure also provides a slag discharging method using the slag cooling system as described above. Figure 4 The present disclosure also provides a slag discharging method using the slag cooling system as described above.

[0125] Figure 5 The present disclosure also provides a slag discharging method using the slag cooling system as described above.

[0126] The present disclosure also provides a slag discharging method using the slag cooling system as described above. Figure 4 、 Figure 5 The present disclosure also provides a slag discharging method using the slag cooling system as described above. Figure 4 、 5 The present disclosure also provides a slag discharging method using the slag cooling system as described above.

[0127] In operation S501, the slag discharged from the gasification furnace is introduced into the slag cooling device A, and then falls uniformly to the discharge area of the slag cooling device A under the action of the lower distributor after passing through the feed area and the cooling area of the slag cooling device A.

[0128] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the process of passing the slag discharged from the gasifier into the slag cooling device, the material sealing gas G with a preset wind speed is passed into the slag discharge pipe of the gasifier upwardly; the material sealing gas G adopts at least one of the following: water vapor, nitrogen, carbon dioxide; the preset wind speed range of the material sealing gas G can be 0.01 m / s to 0.1 m / s, for example, but not limited to: 0.01 m / s, 0.02 m / s, 0.04 m / s, 0.06 m / s, 0.08 m / s, 0.1 m / s.

[0129] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the material sealing gas G adopts at least one of the following: water vapor, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and the main role is to prevent the hot slag from moving downwardly to cause the slag discharge pipe to be blocked due to the downward movement of the oxygen-rich gasification agent in the gasifier.

[0130] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the slag discharged from the gasifier is passed into the slag cooling device 1, the slag discharged from the gasifier can also be smoothly passed into the slag cooling device 1 by means of the action of the material sealing gas G.

[0131] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the slag cooling device 1 can cool the slag discharged from the gasifier to below 450°C.

[0132] In operation S502, the inlet and outlet air port in the slag lock hopper 2 is opened, so as to charge and pressurize the slag lock hopper 2 through the inlet and outlet air port to the slag discharge pressure of the slag cooling device 1.

[0133] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the inlet and outlet air port can include a first inlet and outlet air port 23 and a second inlet and outlet air port 24, wherein the second inlet and outlet air port 24 is in communication with the lower port 42 of the slag lock hopper filter 4, the upper port 41 of the slag lock hopper filter 4 is provided with an exhaust valve 5 and an inlet valve 6, wherein the exhaust valve 5 includes a first exhaust valve 51 and a second exhaust valve 52;

[0134] Wherein, the inlet and outlet air port in the slag lock hopper 2 is opened, so as to charge and pressurize the slag lock hopper 2 through the inlet and outlet air port to the slag discharge pressure of the slag cooling device 1 includes:

[0135] S1, in the case that the exhaust valve 5 is in a closed state, the second inlet and outlet air port 24 and the inlet valve 6 are opened, so as to flush the first flushing gas into the slag lock hopper filter 4, so that the first flushing gas enters the slag lock hopper 2 through the second inlet and outlet air port 24;

[0136] S2, in the case that the slag lock hopper 2 is charged and pressurized to the first preset intermediate slag discharge pressure, the inlet valve 6 and the second inlet and outlet air port 24 are closed, and the first inlet and outlet air port 23 is opened, so as to flush the second flushing gas into the slag lock hopper filter 4 through the first inlet and outlet air port 23, until the slag lock hopper 2 is charged and pressurized to the slag discharge pressure of the slag cooling device 1.

[0137] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, first, the slag lockhopper is backflushed by the first pressurized gas, the filter element of the slag lockhopper filter is backflushed, the fly ash on the surface of the filter element is blown off, the gas flow of the filter element is kept unobstructed, and a certain pressure drop is maintained. When the fly ash backflushing on the filter element of the slag lockhopper filter is completed by the first pressurized gas to the preset intermediate slag discharge pressure, the slag lockhopper is continuously pressurized by the second pressurized gas until the slag lockhopper pressure reaches the slag discharge pressure of the cold slag device. In order to avoid the fly ash on the surface of the filter element from being hardened due to the backflushing of the first pressurized gas, the first pressurized gas is a heated gas.

[0138] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first pressurized gas is nitrogen gas with a first temperature range, and the first temperature range is 100-200℃.

[0139] The second pressurized gas is nitrogen gas with a first temperature range or a second temperature range, and the second temperature range is 0-100℃.

[0140] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first pressurized gas backflushes the filter element of the slag lockhopper filter when pressurizing the slag lockhopper, the fly ash on the surface of the filter element is backflushed, and in order to avoid the fly ash on the surface of the filter element from being hardened due to the backflushing of the first pressurized gas, the first pressurized gas is a heated gas with a temperature range of 100-200℃. The second pressurized gas directly enters the slag lockhopper through the first gas inlet and outlet to pressurize the slag lockhopper, and the normal-temperature pressurized gas can be used as a cooling medium to cool the hot slag entering the slag lockhopper, and will not cause the fly ash on the surface of the filter element in the slag lockhopper filter to be hardened. The second pressurized gas can be selected as a normal-temperature gas or a gas with a temperature range of 0-100℃.

[0141] In operation S503, the gas inlet and outlet is closed, the first slag flow switch valve 8 and the slag flow regulating valve 1 between the feed inlet 21 of the slag lockhopper 2 and the slag outlet 13 of the cold slag device 1 are opened, so that the slag in the discharge area 113 is discharged into the slag lockhopper 2 according to the preset flow under the action of gravity.

[0142] In operation S504, when the slag in the slag lockhopper 2 is filled to the first preset level F1, the first slag flow switch valve 8 and the slag flow regulating valve 7 are closed, and the gas inlet and outlet in the slag lockhopper 2 is opened, so that the slag lockhopper 2 is depressurized through the gas inlet and outlet.

[0143] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, a first preset level switch alarm can be arranged at the first preset level L1 to prompt the related operation of depressurizing the slag lockhopper.

[0144] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, opening the gas inlet and outlet in the slag lockhopper 2 to depressurize the slag lockhopper 2 through the gas inlet and outlet includes:

[0145] S3, open the second air inlet and outlet 24 and the first exhaust valve 51, so that the gas in the slag lock hopper 2 enters the slag lock hopper filter 4 through the second air inlet and outlet 24, and then is discharged through the first exhaust valve 51 of the slag lock hopper filter 4;

[0146] S4, under the condition that the gas in the slag lock filter 4 is depressurized to the second preset intermediate slag discharge pressure, the second exhaust valve 52 is opened, so that the gas from the slag lock hopper 2 is discharged through the first exhaust valve 51 and the second exhaust valve 52 until the gas in the slag lock filter 4 is depressurized to the slag cooler 3 slag discharge pressure.

[0147] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, first, a small amount of gas is discharged through the first exhaust valve of the slag lock filter, avoiding too large amount of gas when high pressure is discharged to normal pressure, which causes the filter element to break due to too large pressure drop in the slag lock filter. When the slag lock pressure is released to the second preset intermediate slag discharge pressure, the second exhaust valve is opened, and the exhaust is increased, but at this time, the impact on the filter element caused by the pressure difference between the slag lock and the environment and the pressure drop of the filter element are within the allowable range of the filter element, and the filter element will not break. At this time, increasing the exhaust amount can shorten the slag lock pressure relief time, which is beneficial to improve the operation efficiency of the slag lock.

[0148] In operation S505, under the condition that the pressure in the slag lock hopper 2 is depressurized to the slag cooler 3 slag discharge pressure, the second slag flow switch valve 9 between the slag cooler 3 cold slag inlet 31 and the slag lock hopper 2 discharge port 22 is opened, so that the slag in the slag lock hopper 2 is discharged into the slag cooler 3.

[0149] In operation S506, under the condition that the slag in the slag lock hopper 2 is reduced to the second preset material level L2, the second slag flow switch valve 9 and the air inlet and outlet in the slag lock hopper 2 are closed, and the slag cooler 3 is stopped, to end the slag discharge.

[0150] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second preset material level L2 can be provided with a second preset material level switch alarm to prompt the relevant operation of ending the slag discharge. Through the second preset material level and the material seal in the connecting pipe between the slag lock and the slag cooler, the influence of the pressure fluctuation caused by the slag lock pressure change and the material falling on the operation of the slag cooler is avoided, so that the slag cooler does not appear dust.

[0151] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, through the above slag discharge method, the cooled slag can be smoothly discharged on the basis of realizing the cooling of the hot slag from the gasification furnace. Because the inside of the slag cooling device is high pressure and the inside of the slag cooler is normal pressure, in order to ensure the stable discharge of the cooled slag, the variable pressure device slag lock is set, and through the above variable pressure adjustment method, the pressure difference between the slag cooling device and the slag cooler is dynamically balanced by changing the internal pressure of the slag lock, so that the slag is smoothly discharged.

[0152] The above-described specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present disclosure, and it should be understood that the above-described specific embodiments are merely specific embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure shall be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for slagging using a cold slag system, characterized in that, The cold slag system comprises: The cold slag device comprises: A shell, an inner space of the shell is divided into a feeding area, a cooling area and a discharging area from top to bottom; A heat exchange unit arranged in the cooling area and used for cooling slag from the feeding area; A lower distributor arranged between the cooling area and the discharging area and used for controlling the slag from the cooling area to be uniformly distributed and fallen into the discharging area and bearing the gravity of the slag in the feeding area and the cooling area; An upper surface of the lower distributor is a conical surface, an included angle α between the conical surface and a horizontal plane is in a range of α < a preset slag rest angle, the preset slag rest angle is a slag rest angle of the slag, a cross section of the discharging area is circular, the lower distributor is a rotary body, a central axis of the rotary body intersects with a center of the cross section of the discharging area and is perpendicular to the cross section of the discharging area, the heat exchange unit is composed of heat exchange pipes to form a water-cooled wall, the cooling area is divided into a plurality of annular intervals, and the slag in each annular interval is controlled to uniformly move downward by the lower distributor; A slag lock hopper comprising an air inlet and an air outlet; A slag cooler; A slag lock hopper filter used for filtering ash particles carried by the slag lock hopper during air exhaust; The slag lock hopper is a pressure changing device, the slag lock hopper is used for balancing a pressure difference between the cold slag device and the slag cooler by changing an internal air pressure, the air inlet and the air outlet comprise a first air inlet and a second air inlet, and the second air inlet is in communication with a lower port of the slag lock hopper filter; The method comprises the following steps: opening the air inlet and the air outlet in the slag lock hopper, inflating and pressurizing the slag lock hopper through the air inlet and the air outlet to a slag discharging pressure of the cold slag device, and including the following steps: injecting a first pressurized air into the slag lock hopper filter, so that the first pressurized air enters the slag lock hopper through the second air inlet, back blowing a filter element of the slag lock hopper filter, when the first pressurized air is pressurized to a preset intermediate slag discharging pressure, injecting a second pressurized air into the slag lock hopper filter through the first air inlet until the pressure of the slag lock hopper reaches the slag discharging pressure of the cold slag device, and the first pressurized air is heated air.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The lower end of the shell is provided with a slag outlet, and the slag outlet is in communication with the discharging area; An annular gap exists between the lower distributor and the inner wall of the shell, and a ratio of an area of the annular gap to a cross-sectional area of the slag outlet is 0.8-1.

5.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: A plurality of turbulence air pipes, wherein the plurality of turbulence air pipes are circumferentially and uniformly distributed in the lower part of the shell, the turbulence air pipes are in communication with the discharging area, and air outlets of the turbulence air pipes are located below the lower distributor.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: The upper end of the shell is provided with a slag inlet, and the slag inlet is in communication with the feeding area, wherein the device further comprises: An upper distributor arranged in the feeding area and used for controlling the slag from the slag inlet to be uniformly distributed and fallen into the cooling area; A water spraying unit, wherein the water spraying unit is arranged between the upper distributor and the heat exchange unit.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The heat exchange unit adopts heat exchange pipes or a spraying assembly; The heat exchange pipes adopt serpentine pipes or annular pipes. The spray assembly comprises a water inlet main pipe, a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: The slag lock hopper comprises a feed port and a discharge port, and the feed port of the slag lock hopper is communicated with the slag outlet of the slag cooling device; The slag inlet of the slag cooler is communicated with the discharge port of the slag lock hopper; The inlet and outlet port is used to change the internal air pressure of the slag lock hopper by inflating or deflating the slag lock hopper through the inlet and outlet port.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein: The first inlet and outlet port is used to inflate the slag lock hopper through the first inlet and outlet port, and the second inlet and outlet port is used to inflate or deflate the slag lock hopper through the second inlet and outlet port; The slag lock hopper filter comprises an upper port and a lower port, the lower port of the slag lock hopper filter is communicated with the second inlet and outlet port, and the upper port of the slag lock hopper filter is provided with an exhaust valve and an inlet valve, wherein the exhaust valve comprises a first exhaust valve and a second exhaust valve; The slag lock hopper is provided with a slag flow regulating valve and a first slag flow switch valve between the feed port and the slag outlet of the slag cooling device; The slag cooler is provided with a second slag flow switch valve between the slag inlet and the discharge port of the slag lock hopper.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The method further comprises: The slag discharged from the gasification furnace is introduced into the slag cooling device, and then uniformly distributed and scattered to the discharge area of the slag cooling device under the action of the lower distributor after passing through the feed area and the cooling area of the slag cooling device in sequence; The first slag flow switch valve and the slag flow regulating valve between the feed port of the slag lock hopper and the slag outlet of the slag cooling device are closed, and the second slag flow switch valve between the slag inlet of the slag cooler and the discharge port of the slag lock hopper is opened, so that the slag in the discharge area is discharged into the slag cooler under the action of gravity according to the preset flow rate; When the slag in the slag lock hopper is filled to a first preset level, the first slag flow switch valve and the slag flow regulating valve are closed, and the inlet and outlet port in the slag lock hopper is opened, so that the slag lock hopper is depressurized through the inlet and outlet port; When the pressure in the slag lock hopper is depressurized to the slag discharge pressure of the slag cooler, the second slag flow switch valve between the slag inlet of the slag cooler and the discharge port of the slag lock hopper is opened, so that the slag in the slag lock hopper is discharged into the slag cooler; When the slag in the slag lock hopper is reduced to a second preset level, the second slag flow switch valve and the inlet and outlet port in the slag lock hopper are closed, and the slag cooler is stopped to end the slag discharge.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein: The upper port of the slag lock hopper filter is provided with an exhaust valve and an inlet valve, wherein the exhaust valve comprises a first exhaust valve and a second exhaust valve; The method further comprises: The first pressurized gas is introduced into the slag lock hopper filter, and the first pressurized gas is introduced into the slag lock hopper filter through the first exhaust valve and the inlet valve of the slag lock hopper filter. in the case that the exhaust valve is in the closed state, opening the second inlet and exhaust port and the intake valve, so as to flush the first ram air into the slag lock filter, so that the first ram air enters the slag lock through the second inlet and exhaust port; in the case that the slag lock is pressurized by the gas to the first preset intermediate slag discharge pressure, closing the intake valve and the second inlet and exhaust port, and opening the first inlet and exhaust port, so as to pressurize the slag lock by the gas until the slag lock is pressurized to the slag discharge pressure of the slag cooler; wherein the opening of the inlet and exhaust port in the slag lock to depressurize the slag lock through the inlet and exhaust port comprises: opening the second inlet and exhaust port and the first exhaust valve, so that the gas in the slag lock enters the slag lock filter through the second inlet and exhaust port, and is discharged through the first exhaust valve of the slag lock filter; in the case that the gas in the slag lock filter is depressurized to the second preset intermediate slag discharge pressure, opening the second exhaust valve, so that the gas from the slag lock is discharged through the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve until the gas in the slag lock filter is depressurized to the slag discharge pressure of the slag cooler.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein: wherein in the process of passing the slag discharged from the gasifier into the slag cooler, a material sealing gas with a preset wind speed is passed upwardly into the slag discharge pipe of the gasifier; wherein the material sealing gas uses at least one of the following: water vapor, nitrogen, carbon dioxide; the preset wind speed of the material sealing gas ranges from 0.01 m / s to 0.1 m / s; the first ram air is nitrogen with a first temperature range, and the first temperature range is 100-200°C; the second ram air is nitrogen with the first temperature range or nitrogen with a second temperature range, and the second temperature range is 0-100°C.

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