Oil separation structure, heat exchanger and air conditioner

Abstract

The present invention discloses an oil separation structure, a heat exchanger and an air conditioner, including: a sealing plate disposed in a shell tube, and a gas equalizing plate with air holes, wherein the area between the sealing plate and the gas equalizing plate is communicated with an inlet pipe to form an air passage, and the air passage gradually narrows along the flow direction of the oil-gas mixture. By changing the structure of the gas equalizing plate, the present invention makes the flow rate of the oil-gas mixture uniform after passing through the gas equalizing plate, and the flow rate of the oil-gas mixture uniform when reaching the filter screen, controls the flow rate of the oil-gas mixture within an optimal range, and ensures the separation efficiency of the filter screen for a small part of dispersed oil droplets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, and particularly to an oil separation structure, a heat exchanger and an air conditioner. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid advancement of urbanization development in China, the value of urban space has become increasingly high, and the current situation of "an inch of land is an inch of gold" has been formed. In response to market development, commercial water-cooled machines such as water-cooled screw machines need to be upgraded to be more compact. The built-in oil separator condenser has a high degree of integration and is currently widely used in water-cooled screws. Due to the special mechanical compression method of the screw rotor, the rotor needs to be lubricated with refrigeration oil during rotation, and the discharged high-speed gaseous refrigerant will entrain a large amount of refrigeration oil. To prevent the influence of refrigeration oil during the heat exchange process, an oil separator needs to be configured between the compressor and the condenser to separate the refrigeration oil from the gaseous refrigerant.

[0003] The built-in oil separator mainly separates tiny oil droplets through a gas-liquid filter screen arranged at the outlet. Its principle is mainly that the gaseous refrigerant entraining tiny oil droplets passes through the gas-liquid filter screen. Affected by inertia, the oil droplets collide with the wires of the gas-liquid filter screen, and the tiny oil droplets are directly intercepted by the gas-liquid filter screen, and the gaseous refrigerant passes through the gas-liquid filter screen and enters the condenser for condensation.

[0004] However, through a large number of simulations and experiments, it is found that if the flow rate of the gaseous refrigerant entraining oil droplets through the gas-liquid filter screen is too high, the intercepted oil droplets will be blown out of the gas-liquid filter screen into the condenser, resulting in oil leakage in the system; if the flow rate is too low, the inertia of the oil droplets is small, and the oil droplets entrained by the airflow will directly bypass the wires of the gas-liquid filter screen, resulting in low oil separation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problem of uneven gas-liquid flow rate in the prior art, the present invention provides an oil separation structure, a heat exchanger and an air conditioner.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The present invention provides an oil separation structure, including: a sealing plate arranged in a shell-and-tube, and a gas equalizing plate with air holes, an air passage is formed between the sealing plate and the gas equalizing plate, and the air passage gradually narrows along the flow direction of the oil-gas mixture.

[0008] In the first embodiment, the gas equalizing plate is a flat plate, and the gas equalizing plate forms an angle α with the horizontal direction. The angle α is less than or equal to 20°.

[0009] In the second embodiment, the gas equalizing plate is divided into a stepped section and a horizontal section in the horizontal direction. The heights of the multi-level steps of the stepped section gradually decrease along the flow direction of the oil-gas mixture, and the horizontal section is connected to the step with the lowest height of the stepped section. The horizontal length of the stepped section is 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the horizontal length of the gas equalizing plate.

[0010] Furthermore, an oil separation chamber is formed between each set of the sealing plates and the inner wall of the shell tube, and the air equalizing plate and the filter screen corresponding to the air equalizing plate are arranged in each oil separation chamber.

[0011] Each set of the sealing plates includes: a horizontal sealing plate connecting the shell tube and arranged along the length direction of the shell tube, a vertical sealing plate connecting the horizontal sealing plate and the shell tube, and oil sealing plates connected to both sides of the vertical sealing plate and the horizontal sealing plate. The two oil sealing plates, the horizontal sealing plate, the vertical sealing plate and the inner wall of the shell tube enclose the oil separation chamber. At least one air return port is arranged at a position of the vertical sealing plate higher than the filter screen.

[0012] Each set of the sealing plates further includes: a side liquid baffle connecting the shell tube and the vertical sealing plate. An air inlet pipe is arranged at an interval between the side liquid baffle and the oil sealing plate close to the end of the shell tube to form an air inlet channel, and the air inlet channel communicates with the air duct.

[0013] Furthermore, both the air equalizing plate and the filter screen are connected between the side liquid baffle and the oil sealing plate close to the middle of the shell tube, and the filter screen is arranged in the air outlet direction of the air equalizing plate.

[0014] Each set of the sealing plates further includes: an oil baffle arranged above the horizontal sealing plate. A storage oil chamber is formed in the area between the oil baffle and the horizontal sealing plate, and the area between the air equalizing plate and the oil baffle is the air duct.

[0015] Preferably, there are two sets of the sealing plates, which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the shell tube, and two side-by-side oil separation chambers are formed in the shell tube.

[0016] The present invention further provides a heat exchanger, including the above-mentioned oil separation structure.

[0017] The present invention further provides an air conditioner, including the above-mentioned heat exchanger.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, by changing the structure of the air equalizing plate, the present invention makes the flow rate of the oil-gas mixture uniform after passing through the air equalizing plate, and the flow rate of the oil-gas mixture is uniform when reaching the filter screen, controls the flow rate of the oil-gas mixture within the optimal range, and ensures the separation efficiency of the filter screen for a small part of dispersed oil droplets.

[0019] After using the structure of the air equalizing plate, during the process of the gaseous refrigerant with entrained oil droplets turning from axial to radial in the air duct, due to inertia, the oil droplets are more likely to contact the air equalizing plate and stay on the air equalizing plate, and the oil droplets intercepted by the air equalizing plate move to the stepped section and directly fall off into the oil storage tank, further improving the separation efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 B - B cross - sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 C - C cross - sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] In order to make the technical problems to be solved, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0026] The principle and structure of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the present invention proposes an oil separation structure, including: multiple groups of sealing plates, a gas - equalizing plate 3 and a filter screen 4 provided corresponding to each group of sealing plates. Each group of sealing plates and the inner wall of the shell tube 1 enclose an oil separation chamber. The gas - equalizing plate 3 is arranged in the oil separation chamber. The gas - equalizing plate 3 and the filter screen 4 are arranged at intervals, and the filter screen 4 is arranged horizontally. The area between the gas - equalizing plate 3 and the bottom sealing plate is an air passage 62, that is, part of the oil - gas mixture moves horizontally along the gas - equalizing plate 62, and part of the oil - gas mixture moves upward through the gas - equalizing plate 3 during the horizontal movement. And this air passage 62 gradually narrows along the flow direction of the oil - gas mixture. After the oil - gas mixture enters the air passage, due to the large entrance of the air passage, less oil - gas mixture directly moves upward through the gas - equalizing plate 3 at the entrance of the air passage 62, reducing the flow rate of the oil - gas mixture near the entrance and gradually narrowing the air passage, so that the flow rate of the oil - gas mixture far from the entrance of the air passage increases, thereby making the flow rate of the oil - gas mixture passing through the air holes 31 of the gas - equalizing plate 3 uniform, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the flow rate of the oil - gas mixture, enabling the oil - gas mixture to pass through the filter screen 31 evenly and improving the oil separation effect of the filter screen.

[0028] In a specific embodiment, there are two groups of sealing plates, each group of sealing plates and the inner wall of the shell tube 1 of the condenser form an oil separation chamber, and two parallel oil separation chambers are formed in the shell tube 1, and each oil separation chamber is provided with an air balancing plate 3 and a filter screen 4 corresponding to the air balancing plate 3. The space in the shell tube 1 is fully utilized to improve the oil separation efficiency.

[0029] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown, each group of sealing plates includes: a horizontal sealing plate 21, a vertical sealing plate 22 and two oil separation sealing plates 23. The horizontal sealing plate 21 is arranged along the length direction of the shell tube 1. The front side of the horizontal sealing plate 21 is connected to the inner wall of the middle part of the shell tube 1, the rear side of the horizontal sealing plate 21 is connected to the bottom of the vertical sealing plate 22, and the top of the vertical sealing plate 22 is connected to the top inner wall of the shell tube 1. From the end face of the shell tube 1, the horizontal sealing plate 21 and the vertical sealing plate 22 are connected in an L shape. The two oil separation sealing plates 23 are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the horizontal sealing plate 21. The oil separation sealing plates 23 are fan-shaped and are connected to the horizontal sealing plate 21, the vertical sealing plate 22 and the inner wall of the shell tube 1 at the same time. The oil separation chamber is surrounded by the two oil separation sealing plates 23, the horizontal sealing plate 21, the vertical sealing plate 22 and the inner wall of the shell tube 1.

[0030] In order to distinguish the air intake space and facilitate oil storage, each set of sealing plates specifically includes: a side liquid baffle plate 24 and an oil baffle plate 25. The side liquid baffle plate 24 is parallel and spaced apart from the oil separation sealing plate 23, and the vertical rear side of the side liquid baffle plate 24 is connected to the vertical sealing plate 22 and the inner wall of the shell tube 1, and is spaced apart from the horizontal sealing plate 21. The side liquid baffle plate 24 is spaced apart from the oil separation sealing plate 23 near the end of the shell tube 1, and the spaced apart portion is connected to the air intake pipe 5 to form an air intake channel 61, that is, the air intake pipe 5 is inserted from the outside of the shell tube 1 through the through hole reserved in the shell tube 1 and between the side liquid baffle plate 24 and the oil separation sealing plate 23. After the oil-gas mixture enters the air intake channel 61, it enters the air passage 62 from the spaced apart portion between the side liquid baffle plate 24 and the horizontal sealing plate 21.

[0031] The oil baffle plate 25 is provided with a plurality of oil holes. The oil baffle plate 25 is horizontally arranged and is located above the horizontal sealing plate 21, and is spaced apart from the horizontal sealing plate 21. The front side of the oil baffle plate 25 is connected to the inner wall of the shell tube 1, the rear side is connected to the vertical sealing plate 22, the left side is connected to an oil separation sealing plate 23, and the right side is connected to another oil separation sealing plate 23. The front side of the gas equalizing plate 3 is connected to the inner wall of the shell tube 1, the rear side is connected to the vertical sealing plate 22, the left side is connected to the side liquid baffle plate 24, and the right side is connected to the oil separation sealing plate 23. The area between the gas equalizing plate 3 and the oil baffle plate 25 forms an air passage 62 connected to the air intake passage 61. At the same time, the interval area between the oil baffle plate 25 and the horizontal sealing plate 21 forms an oil storage chamber 63. The edge of the oil baffle plate 25 is bent upward into an inclined surface and then connected to the oil separation sealing plate 23 close to the end face of the shell tube 1 to prevent oil from gathering below the air intake passage 61.

[0032] The filter screen 4 is a gas-liquid filter screen, which is arranged above the gas equalizing plate 3 and blocks the gas outlet surface of the gas equalizing plate. The filter screen 4 is horizontally arranged, one side of which is connected to the side liquid baffle 24, and the other side is connected to the oil sealing plate 23 in the middle of the shell tube 1, covering the gas outlet surface of the gas equalizing plate 3. And the space between the filter screen 4 and the top of the shell tube 1 is the refrigerant flow space. The vertical baffle 22 is provided with a row of return air holes 221 at a position above the filter screen 4. The filtered refrigerant flows back into the shell tube 1 from the return air holes 221 and then flows downward in the shell tube 1, exchanges heat with the heat exchange tube 8 arranged below the shell tube 1, and is then sent out from the air outlet pipe 7 at the bottom of the shell tube 1.

[0033] There are two specific structures of the gas equalizing plate 3, both of which can achieve uniform flow velocity of the oil-gas mixture and make the flow velocity of the oil-gas mixture passing through the filter screen uniform.

[0034] The first embodiment is:

[0035] As Figure 2 shown, the gas equalizing plate 3 is a flat plate, and air holes 31 are uniformly arranged on the gas equalizing plate 3. And the gas equalizing plate 3 is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, that is, the closer the gas equalizing plate 3 is to the intake pipe 5, the greater the distance between the gas equalizing plate 3 and the oil baffle 25. Considering the internal space structure and gas equalizing effect, the included angle α between the inclined gas equalizing plate 3 and the horizontal plane is controlled within 20°. This inclined structure not only has a gas equalizing effect, but also the oil droplets blocked by it can flow to the lower place and finally flow into the oil storage cavity.

[0036] The second embodiment is:

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, air holes are uniformly arranged on the gas equalizing plate 3, and the gas equalizing plate 3 is stepped in the horizontal direction, divided into a stepped section and a horizontal section. The heights of the multi-level steps in the stepped section gradually decrease along the flow direction of the oil-gas mixture, that is, the closer the gas equalizing plate is to the intake pipe 5, the greater the distance between the gas equalizing plate 3 and the oil baffle 25. The horizontal section is connected to the lowest step of the stepped section. Because the local non-uniformity of the filter screen 4 is mainly at the position close to the air inlet, the stepped length of the stepped gas equalizing plate should not be too long. Generally, the horizontal length of the stepped section is about 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the horizontal length of the gas equalizing plate, and the oil-gas mixture can be fully and evenly distributed. And the number of steps should not be too many, generally 2-7 are more appropriate.

[0038] The highest step of the gas equalizing plate is arranged at the position of 3 / 4 of the height between the oil baffle and the filter screen, and the lowest point is arranged at the position of 1 / 4 of the height between the oil baffle and the filter screen. To make the flow velocity of the gas-liquid mixture flowing through the filter screen uniform.

[0039] To ensure the loss of the unit energy efficiency caused by the pressure drop during the operation of the system, the high separation efficiency built-in oil separator structure condenser must meet:

[0040] The minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the air passage 62 must be larger than the flow area of ​​the air inlet pipe 5 to prevent the flow velocity from being too high.

[0041] The total cross-sectional area of ​​the air holes 31 of the air balancing plate 3 must be larger than the flow area of ​​the air inlet pipe 5, in order to prevent the flow rate from being too high. The shape of the air holes is not limited, and can be circular, square, elliptical or other structural forms.

[0042] After the use of the above two types of equalizing plates, during the process of turning from axial to radial in the air duct, the gaseous refrigerant carrying oil droplets is more likely to contact and remain on the equalizing plate due to inertia. The oil droplets intercepted by the equalizing plate move to the step section and fall directly into the oil storage tank, thereby improving the separation efficiency.

[0043] The present invention also proposes a heat exchanger, specifically a tube-plate condenser, comprising a shell and tube, the above-mentioned oil separation structure is arranged in the shell and tube, the air inlet pipe is inserted into the oil separation chamber from the top of the shell and tube, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes are horizontally arranged below the shell and tube to exchange heat with the separated refrigerant, and a liquid outlet pipe is also arranged at the bottom of the shell and tube to deliver the refrigerant after heat exchange.

[0044] The present invention also provides an air conditioner, comprising the above-mentioned heat exchanger.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil separation structure, characterized in that, include: A sealing plate and an air equalizing plate with multiple air holes are arranged in the shell tube, and the sealing plate and the inner wall of the shell tube form an oil separation chamber. The air equalizing plate is arranged in the oil separation chamber, and one end of the transverse area between the air equalizing plate and the sealing plate at the bottom of the air equalizing plate is connected to the air inlet pipe to form an airway, and the airway is gradually or step by step reduced along the flow direction of the oil-gas mixture so that the flow velocity of the oil-gas mixture close to the airway inlet is reduced, and the flow velocity of the oil-gas mixture away from the airway inlet is increased.

2. The oil separation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air distribution plate is a flat plate, and the air distribution plate forms an angle α with the horizontal direction.

3. The oil separation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle α is less than or equal to 20°.

4. The oil separation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas equalizing plate is divided into a stepped section and a horizontal section in the horizontal direction. The heights of the multiple steps of the stepped section decrease step by step along the flow direction of the oil-gas mixture. The horizontal section connects the step with the lowest height of the stepped section.

5. The oil separation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The horizontal length of the step section accounts for 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the horizontal length of the air equalizing plate.

6. The oil separation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each group of the sealing plates and the inner wall of the shell tube form an oil separation chamber, and each of the oil separation chambers is provided with the air equalizing plate and a filter screen corresponding to the air equalizing plate.

7. The oil separation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each group of sealing plates includes: a horizontal sealing plate connected to the shell tube and arranged along the length direction of the shell tube, a vertical sealing plate connecting the horizontal sealing plate and the shell tube, and an oil separation sealing plate connected to both sides of the vertical sealing plate and the horizontal sealing plate. The two oil separation sealing plates, the horizontal sealing plate, the vertical sealing plate and the inner wall of the shell tube form the oil separation chamber.

8. The oil separation structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, Each group of sealing plates also includes: a side liquid baffle plate connecting the shell tube and the vertical sealing plate, an air intake pipe is arranged at the interval between the side liquid baffle plate and the oil separation sealing plate near the end of the shell tube to form an air intake channel, and the air intake channel is connected to the air duct.

9. The oil separation structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The air equalizing plate and the filter screen are both connected between the side liquid baffle plate and the oil sealing plate close to the middle of the shell tube, and the filter screen is arranged in the gas outlet direction of the air equalizing plate.

10. The oil separation structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, Each group of sealing plates further includes: an oil baffle plate arranged above the horizontal sealing plate, the area between the oil baffle plate and the horizontal sealing plate forms an oil storage cavity, and the area between the air equalizing plate and the oil baffle plate is the airway.

11. The oil separation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sealing plates are in two groups, which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the shell tube, and enclose two oil separation chambers arranged side by side in the shell tube.

12. The oil separation structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, At least one air return port is provided at a position of the vertical sealing plate higher than the filter screen.

13. A heat exchanger, characterized in that, It comprises the oil separation structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. An air conditioner, characterized in that, Comprising the heat exchanger of claim 13.

Images