Axle fatigue test bench

Abstract

The present invention discloses a vehicle bridge fatigue test bench. A vertical pressure oil cylinder is installed on the crossbeam of the gantry frame. A support seat for supporting the vehicle bridge is provided below the vertical pressure oil cylinder. An upper pressure plate is connected to the lower end of the vertical pressure oil cylinder. A lower pressure plate is provided below the upper pressure plate. The ends of the upper and lower pressure plates are connected by a sliding rod. A movable support block is slidably installed between the upper and lower pressure plates. A movable support is installed on the upper end of the support seat through a spherical pair. One end of the movable support is connected to a horizontal pressure oil cylinder. The present invention can change the force applied to both ends of the vehicle bridge by adjusting the position of the movable support, distributing different pressures to both ends of the vehicle bridge, and simulating the fatigue strength of the vehicle bridge under uneven load conditions. The horizontal pressure oil cylinder can apply pressure to the ends of the vehicle bridge to test the fatigue strength of the vehicle bridge under eccentric load moment conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle axles, in particular to an axle fatigue test bench for testing the performance of axles. Background Art

[0002] The axle is located between the suspension and the wheels, with wheels mounted at both ends. Connected to the vehicle frame (or body) via the suspension, the axle's function is to transfer various loads between the frame (or body) and the wheels. Axle fatigue loading testing is a crucial step in verifying axle safety.

[0003] A Chinese patent discloses an axle fatigue testing device (CN213985715U), comprising a base, a support frame, a hydraulic cylinder mounted on top of the support frame, a downwardly-positioned drive end of the hydraulic cylinder connected to a pressure plate, and symmetrically positioned clamps on either side of the pressure plate. The clamps are used to clamp the non-driven steering front axle of the axle. The base is provided with a pair of support seats for supporting the axle, and the support seats are provided with V-shaped support blocks for supporting the driven steering front axle of the axle. A shock absorber is disposed between the clamps and the pressure plate. The clamps include a clamp seat disposed at the bottom of the shock absorber, a pair of symmetrical clamping jaws hingedly connected to the clamp seat, and a locking member is provided at the hinged connection between the clamps and the clamp seat.

[0004] The shortcomings of the above technology are:

[0005] The hydraulic cylinder applies pressure perpendicular to the axle, testing its vertical bending fatigue strength. In practice, axles don't always bear vertical pressure. Uneven road conditions, slopes, or uneven loads can cause them to experience some eccentric loads. Therefore, testing an axle's ability to resist eccentric loads is a crucial component of axle fatigue testing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an axle fatigue test bench capable of simulating an axle bearing an eccentric load.

[0007] The present invention is realized through the following technical scheme: a vehicle axle fatigue test bench comprises a gantry, a cross beam of the gantry is installed with a vertical pressure oil cylinder, a support seat for supporting the vehicle axle is provided at the bottom of the vertical pressure oil cylinder; the lower end of the vertical pressure oil cylinder is connected to the upper pressure plate, and the lower pressure plate is provided under the upper pressure plate; the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate are parallel to each other, and the two ends of the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate are connected by a sliding rod; nuts are installed on the sliding rod to prevent the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate from disengaging; the two ends of the lower pressure plate are fixed with claws corresponding to the two ends of the vehicle axle; a movable support block is installed between the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate, and a transmission mechanism for driving the movable support block is installed on the upper pressure plate; the upper end of the support seat is installed with a movable support through a spherical pair, and the two ends of the vehicle axle are connected with the movable support on the corresponding side; one end of the movable support is connected to the horizontal pressure oil cylinder.

[0008] It is further characterized in that: upper and lower sliding grooves are provided on the surfaces of the upper and lower pressure plates, the movable support block is slidably installed in the sliding grooves of the upper and lower pressure plates, and a gap is left between the upper and lower ends of the movable support block and the bottom of the sliding grooves of the upper and lower pressure plates; a pair of rotating shafts are installed on the movable support block, and an inner roller and an outer roller are installed at each end of the rotating shaft; the lower side surface of the upper pressure plate has two upper bosses that cooperate with the inner roller; the upper side surface of the lower pressure plate has two lower bosses that cooperate with the outer roller.

[0009] Friction plates that slide in cooperation with the movable support blocks are fixed on the side walls of the upper and lower pressure plate slideways.

[0010] A through slot is provided at the upper end of the movable support block, and an intermediate sprocket is fixedly installed in the through slot at the upper end of the movable support block; a driving sprocket is installed at the left end of the upper pressure plate, and a driven sprocket is installed at the right end of the upper pressure plate, and chains are installed on the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket; the chain I is connected to the intermediate sprocket on one side.

[0011] The lower layer of the chain I is pressed between the middle sprocket and the bottom of the movable support block through groove, and the upper layer of the chain I does not contact the middle sprocket.

[0012] A left support plate is fixed to the left end of the upper pressure plate, a motor is fixed to the left support plate, the driving sprocket is installed on the left support plate, and the driving sprocket and the motor are connected by a chain II; a right support plate is fixed to the right end of the upper pressure plate, and the driven sprocket is installed on the right support plate.

[0013] The upper end of the support seat has a ball socket, a bushing is embedded in the ball socket, and evenly distributed steel balls are installed on the surface of the bushing; the upper end of the movable support has a ball head that cooperates with the ball socket of the support seat, and a mounting hole for mounting the axle is opened on one side of the ball head; the lower end of the movable support is hinged to the horizontal pressure cylinder, and the other end of the horizontal pressure cylinder is hinged to the base.

[0014] The lower end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the lower pressure plate, and sliding holes for the sliding rod to pass through are opened on the upper pressure plate and the crossbeam of the gantry; the nut is installed on the sliding rod through a threaded connection, and a rubber pad is provided between the lower side of the nut and the upper surface of the upper pressure plate.

[0015] The lower end of the clamping claw is embedded with a slip that corresponds to the axle.

[0016] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the vertical pressurized oil cylinder provides vertical pressure, and the force at both ends of the axle can be changed by adjusting the position of the movable support, distributing different pressures at both ends of the axle, and simulating the fatigue strength of the axle under uneven load conditions; the movable support has a certain dynamic adjustment ability, and can also simulate the force condition of the axle under dynamically changing loads, making the experimental effect more realistic; the horizontal pressurized oil cylinder can apply pressure to the end of the axle, simulating the reaction force of the wheel hub on the axle under uneven road conditions and climbing conditions, and testing the fatigue strength of the axle under eccentric load torque conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is the front view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Middle AA view;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0020] In the figure: 1. Gantry; 1-2. Crossbeam; 2. Vertical pressure cylinder; 3. Support seat; 4. Upper pressure plate; 4-1. Upper boss; 5. Lower pressure plate; 5-1. Lower boss; 6. Sliding rod; 7. Nut; 8. Claw; 9. Moving support block; 10. Movable support; 10-1. Ball head; 11. Horizontal pressure cylinder; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. Inner roller; 14. Outer roller; 15. Intermediate sprocket; 16. Driving sprocket; 17. Driven sprocket; 18. Chain I; 19. Left support plate; 20. Axle; 21. Right support plate; 22. Chain II; 23. Motor; 24. Friction plate; 25. Bushing; 26. Steel ball; 27. Base; 28. Rubber pad; 29. ​​Slip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a vehicle axle fatigue test bench is shown. A gantry 1 is fixed to the foundation. A vertical pressure cylinder 2 is mounted on the crossbeam 1-2 of the gantry 1. The vertical pressure cylinder 2 is arranged vertically. The lower end of the vertical pressure cylinder 2 is connected to an upper pressure plate 4. Below the upper pressure plate 4 is a lower pressure plate 5, which is parallel to each other. Four slide rods 6 are arranged in a rectangular shape. The lower ends of the slide rods 6 are vertically fixed to the lower pressure plate 5. Sliding holes for the slide rods 6 are provided in the upper pressure plate 4 and the crossbeam 1-2 of the gantry 1. Nuts 7 are threadedly mounted on the slide rods 6. A rubber pad 28 is positioned between the lower side of the nut 7 and the upper surface of the upper pressure plate 4. Claws 8 corresponding to the ends of the vehicle axle 20 are fixed to the ends of the lower pressure plate 5. The lower ends of the claws 8 are embedded with slips 29 corresponding to the vehicle axle 20.

[0023] Recombination Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The installation structure of the movable support block 9 is shown in FIG. Figure 2 The vertical pressure cylinder 2 is omitted. Upper and lower sliding grooves facing each other are provided on the surfaces of the upper and lower pressure plates 4 and 5, and the movable support block 9 is slidably mounted in the sliding grooves of the upper and lower pressure plates 4 and 5. Friction plates 24 are fixed to the side walls of the sliding grooves of the upper and lower pressure plates 4 and 5, and slideably engage with the movable support block 9. A gap is left between the upper and lower ends of the movable support block 9 and the bottom of the sliding grooves of the upper and lower pressure plates 4 and 5. A pair of rotating shafts 12 are mounted on the movable support block 9, and an inner roller 13 and an outer roller 14 are mounted on each end of the rotating shaft 12. The lower side surface of the upper pressure plate 4 has two upper bosses 4-1 that engage with the inner roller 13. The upper side surface of the lower pressure plate 5 has two lower bosses 5-1 that engage with the outer roller 14.

[0024] The upper pressure plate 4 is provided with a transmission mechanism for driving the movable support block 9;

[0025] The left end of the upper pressure plate 4 is fixed with a left support plate 19, on which a motor 23 is fixed. The driving sprocket 16 is mounted on the left support plate 19, and the driving sprocket 16 and the motor 23 are connected by a chain II 22. The right end of the upper pressure plate 4 is fixed with a right support plate 21, on which a driven sprocket 17 is mounted. Chain I 18 is installed on the driving sprocket 16 and the driven sprocket 17.

[0026] The upper end of the movable support block 9 is provided with a through slot, into which an intermediate sprocket 15 is fixed, preventing relative rotation between the intermediate sprocket 15 and the movable support block 9. The lower layer of chain II 22 is pressed between the intermediate sprocket 15 and the bottom of the through slot of the movable support block 9, while the upper layer of chain I 18 does not contact the intermediate sprocket.

[0027] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 3As shown, the support base 3 is fixed to the foundation. The upper end of the support base 3 has a ball socket, which is embedded in a bushing 25. The bushing 25 has uniformly distributed steel balls 26 mounted on its surface. The upper end of the movable support 10 has a ball head 10-1 that mates with the ball socket of the support base 3. One side of the ball head 10-1 has a mounting hole for the axle 20. The lower end of the movable support 10 is hingedly connected to the horizontal pressure cylinder 11. The other end of the horizontal pressure cylinder 11 is hingedly connected to a base 27, which is fixed to the foundation.

[0028] Working principle:

[0029] Install the movable supports 10 at both ends of the axle 20 and hoist the entire structure onto the support base 3. Then connect the lower end of the movable support 10 to the horizontal pressure cylinder 11. Install the slips 29 on the claws 8, lower the vertical pressure cylinder 2, and the slips 29 press on both ends of the axle 20.

[0030] During the test, the vertical pressure cylinder 2 provides vertical pressure. By adjusting the position of the movable support 10, the force applied to both ends of the axle 20 can be changed, distributing different pressures to both ends of the axle 20 and simulating the fatigue strength of the axle 20 under uneven load conditions. During the test, the movable support 10 can be dynamically adjusted to simulate the force applied to the axle under dynamically changing loads.

[0031] During the test, the horizontal pressurized oil cylinder 11 can apply pressure to the end of the axle 20 to simulate the reaction force of the wheel hub on the axle 20 under uneven road conditions and climbing conditions, and test the fatigue strength of the axle 20 under eccentric load torque conditions.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention herein is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but also encompasses other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, a technical solution formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with (but not limited to) technical features having similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A vehicle axle fatigue test bench, comprising a gantry (1), a vertical pressure cylinder (2) being mounted on a crossbeam (1-2) of the gantry (1), and a support seat (3) for supporting a vehicle axle (20) being provided below the vertical pressure cylinder (2); Its characteristics are: The lower end of the vertical pressure cylinder (2) is connected to an upper pressure plate (4), and a lower pressure plate (5) is provided below the upper pressure plate (4); the upper pressure plate (4) and the lower pressure plate (5) are parallel to each other, and the two ends of the upper pressure plate (4) and the lower pressure plate (5) are connected by a sliding rod (6), and a nut (7) is installed on the sliding rod (6) to prevent the upper pressure plate (4) and the lower pressure plate (5) from being separated; the two ends of the lower pressure plate (5) are fixed with claws (8) corresponding to the two ends of the axle (20); A movable support block (9) is slidably mounted between the upper pressure plate (4) and the lower pressure plate (5), and a transmission mechanism for driving the movable support block (9) is mounted on the upper pressure plate (4); A movable support (10) is mounted on the upper end of the support seat (3) via a spherical pair, and both ends of the axle (20) are connected to the movable support (10) on the corresponding side; one end of the movable support (10) is connected to a horizontal pressure cylinder (11); The upper and lower surfaces of the upper pressure plate (4) and the lower pressure plate (5) are provided with upper and lower opposite sliding grooves, and the movable support block (9) is slidably installed in the sliding grooves of the upper and lower pressure plates (4) and the lower pressure plates (5), and a gap is left between the upper and lower ends of the movable support block (9) and the bottom of the sliding grooves of the upper and lower pressure plates (4) and the lower pressure plates (5); a pair of rotating shafts (12) are installed on the movable support block (9), and each end of the rotating shaft (12) is installed with an inner roller (13) and an outer roller (14); the lower side surface of the upper pressure plate (4) has two upper bosses (4-1) that match the inner roller (13); the upper side surface of the lower pressure plate (5) has two lower bosses (5-1) that match the outer roller (14).

2. The axle fatigue test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: A friction plate (24) that slidably cooperates with the movable support block (9) is fixed on the side walls of the slide grooves of the upper pressure plate (4) and the lower pressure plate (5).

3. The axle fatigue test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through slot is provided at the upper end of the movable support block (9), and an intermediate sprocket (15) is fixedly installed in the through slot at the upper end of the movable support block (9); a driving sprocket (16) is installed at the left end of the upper pressure plate (4), and a driven sprocket (17) is installed at the right end of the upper pressure plate (4); a chain I (18) is installed on the driving sprocket (16) and the driven sprocket (17); and the chain I (18) is connected to the intermediate sprocket (15) on one side.

4. The axle fatigue test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower layer of the chain I (18) is pressed between the intermediate sprocket (15) and the bottom of the through groove of the movable support block (9), and the upper layer of the chain I (18) does not contact the intermediate sprocket.

5. The axle fatigue test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: A left support plate (19) is fixed to the left end of the upper pressure plate (4), a motor (23) is fixed to the left support plate (19), the driving sprocket (16) is mounted on the left support plate (19), and the driving sprocket (16) and the motor (23) are connected via a chain II (22); a right support plate (21) is fixed to the right end of the upper pressure plate (4), and the driven sprocket (17) is mounted on the right support plate (21).

6. The axle fatigue test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the support seat (3) has a ball socket, in which a bushing (25) is embedded, and the surface of the bushing (25) is installed with uniformly distributed steel balls (26); the upper end of the movable support (10) has a ball head (10-1) that matches the ball socket of the support seat (3), and a mounting hole for mounting the axle (20) is opened on one side of the ball head (10-1); the lower end of the movable support (10) is hinged to the horizontal pressure cylinder (11), and the other end of the horizontal pressure cylinder (11) is hinged to a base (27).

7. The axle fatigue test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the slide rod (6) is fixedly connected to the lower pressure plate (5), and a slide hole for the slide rod (6) to pass through is provided on the upper pressure plate (4) and the cross beam (1-2) of the gantry (1); the nut (7) is installed on the slide rod (6) through a threaded connection, and a rubber pad (28) is provided between the lower side of the nut (7) and the upper surface of the upper pressure plate (4).

8. The axle fatigue test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the claw (8) is embedded with a slip (29) that corresponds to the axle (20).

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