Diptera insect separation method
By utilizing the high temperature avoidance and oxygen-telling habits of Diptera insects, combined with the separation box and partition design, the problems of low separation rate and high cost in the insect separation device are solved, and efficient and simple insect body separation is achieved, adapting to different matrix conditions, saving manpower and mechanical costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202111493206.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2021-12-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2041-12-08
AI Technical Summary
The existing Diptera insect separation device has problems such as low separation rate, labor and energy consumption, and limited use range, especially in different matrix humidity and states.
The separation device uses the high temperature avoidance and oxygen-promoting biological habits of Diptera insects. Through the design of separation boxes and partitions, the insect bodies are guided to the high oxygen area, and the high temperature and hypoxic environment generated by matrix accumulation is used to make the insect bodies climb upward and separate, and separate them in combination with mechanical and manual operations.
It realizes efficient and simple insect separation, saves manpower and mechanical costs, adapts to different matrix humidity and states, has a high separation rate and a wide range of applications.
Smart Images
Figure CN114176045B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of insect breeding, and particularly to a method for separating Diptera insects. Background Art
[0002] In 2020, the annual output of kitchen waste in China reached 120 million tons, livestock and poultry manure 4 billion tons, 200 million tons of barren and polluted land to be improved, and 143 million tons of imported grain. If Diptera insects are used to convert livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste, more than 160 million tons of high-protein insect bodies and more than 1.6 billion tons of organic fertilizers can be obtained, which not only solves the problems of environmental pollution, food security problems of relying on imported protein feed, and soil improvement problems, but also has a short cycle, and a batch can be converted in 3 - 10 days with high added value.
[0003] In the breeding of Diptera insects, labor accounts for at least one-third of the breeding cost, and the separation of insect manure is the most labor-consuming and crucial part. Currently, the devices for separating insects (such as black soldier flies and flies) are mainly some separation devices made based on their physical and biological habits. The characteristics of different separation methods are shown in Figure 2 .
[0004] In the water splashing method, a large amount of organic matter remaining on the insects will result in low insect collection rate and water pollution caused by water splashing; the strong light irradiation method is relatively power-consuming, belongs to manual separation, and has low efficiency; the separation method combining light and sieve is relatively power-consuming, belongs to manual separation, and has low efficiency; the mechanical sieve separation method requires multiple specifications of mechanical sieves for re-screening, and is only suitable for substrates without lumps with a water content of less than 70%, and has a limited scope of use; for the separation method of hand-held sieves, it consumes a lot of labor and is also only suitable for substrates without lumps with a water content of less than 70%, and has a limited scope of use. The separation rates of the above separation methods for insect bodies all need to be further improved. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The object of the present invention is to solve the problems in the background art. According to the biological commonality that insects avoid heat generated by substrate accumulation to form high temperature and hypoxia caused by accumulation and tend to oxygen, a method for separating Diptera insects with high separation rate, simple and efficient, and without restrictions on substrate humidity, state, conversion completeness, and the age of insect bodies is created, saving costs and solving the bottleneck problem of high separation cost in the breeding of Diptera insects.
[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is a method for separating Diptera insects, which uses a separation device to separate by utilizing the biological habits of avoiding high temperature and tending to oxygen. The separation device includes a separation box and a partition board. A slot for the partition board to pass through is provided on the separation box. The separation steps are as follows:
[0007] S1. Add the material to be separated containing insect bodies and organic fertilizer to the bottom of the separation box and level the material to be separated;
[0008] S2. Add matrix into the separation box and spread the matrix evenly on the material to be separated.
[0009] S3. Add matrix into the separation box again every 20 minutes, and spread the matrix added in the later time evenly on the matrix added in the previous time. The total number of added matrix layers is at least four layers.
[0010] S4. After all the matrix is added, let it stand for a period of time. When the height of the insect body is higher than the height of the slot, insert the partition board through the slot and abut it against the inner wall of the separation box so that the insect body is located above the partition board.
[0011] S5. Take out the insect body from the separation box.
[0012] Preferably, it further includes S6. Completely separate the insect body from the matrix in the insect body - matrix mixture containing a small amount of matrix. The separation method is Method A or Method B as follows:
[0013] Method A: Pass the insect body - matrix mixture containing a small amount of matrix through a small - scale separation device to repeat steps S1 - S5 until the insect body is completely separated from the matrix.
[0014] Method B: Use a steel plate inserted vertically downward to divide the internal space of the separation box into two parts with a volume ratio of 1:3, namely a small compartment and a large compartment. Implement steps S1 - S5 in the large compartment, and place the insect body - matrix mixture containing a small amount of matrix in the small compartment for further separation.
[0015] Preferably, the thickness of each layer of matrix after being paved flat is 10 - 20 cm.
[0016] Preferably, when the thickness of the insect body at the top in the separation box exceeds 10 cm, shovel out 50% - 70% of the insect body and then add matrix.
[0017] Preferably, the width of the separation box is less than or equal to 1.5 m, the length is less than 6 m, the thickness of the partition board is less than the width of the slot, and the width of the slot is not more than 0.2 cm.
[0018] Preferably, after S4 is completed, the partition board is 2 cm below the insect body.
[0019] Preferably, the adding methods of the material to be separated and the matrix include manual addition and mechanical addition, and the paving methods of the matrix include manual paving and mechanical paving.
[0020] Preferably, the matrix is organic matter.
[0021] Preferably, the separation box adopts any one of the following three heat - preservation structures a, b, and c:
[0022] a: The inner and outer surfaces of the four sides and the bottom of the separation box are made of stainless steel or polyphenylene sulfide, and the interlayer is filled with at least one heat - preservation material such as mineral wool, foam board, and polyurethane.
[0023] b: The inner and outer surfaces around the separation box are made of stainless steel or polyphenylene sulfide, and the sandwich layer is filled with at least one heat-insulating material such as mineral wool, foam board, and polyurethane; the inner and outer surfaces of the bottom of the separation box are made of stainless steel or polyphenylene sulfide, and the sandwich layer is filled with water, and the water is heated and temperature-controlled by a heating temperature control device, and the water temperature is controlled between 30°C and 55°C;
[0024] c: The inner and outer surfaces around and at the bottom of the separation box are made of stainless steel or polyphenylene sulfide, and the sandwich layer is filled with water, and the water is heated and temperature-controlled by a heating temperature control device, and the water temperature is controlled between 30°C and 55°C.
[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0026] When separating the insect bodies, after adding the material to be separated to the bottom inside the separation box, the accumulation of the substrate will cause hypoxia in the lower-layer substrate, resulting in the insect bodies drilling upward to the place with higher oxygen content in the upper layer. Moreover, the higher temperature generated by the combined action of the substrate by the insects and microorganisms will also prompt the insects to drill upward. During the interval time, the substrate can be leveled and fully drilled into the upper layer, so that the insect bodies and the organic fertilizer can be separated, and finally the insect bodies can be taken out. This separation method based on such a principle has a high separation rate, is simple and efficient in operation, and is not limited by the humidity, state, conversion completeness of the substrate and the age conditions of the insect bodies, greatly saving labor and mechanical costs and having high efficiency. Description of the Drawings
[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the separation box and the partition used in the embodiment of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 2 It is a comparison table of the characteristics of different separation methods for Diptera insects.
[0029] Reference numerals: 1, separation box; 101, slot; 2, partition. Detailed Embodiments
[0030] The separation method for Diptera insects proposed by the present invention uses the separation device as shown in Figure 1 to separate by utilizing the biological habits of avoiding high temperature and tending to oxygen. The separation device includes a separation box 1 and a partition 2. A slot 101 for the partition 2 to pass through is provided on the separation box 1. The separation steps are as follows:
[0031] S1. Add the material to be separated containing insect bodies and organic fertilizer to the bottom inside the separation box 1, and level the material to be separated.
[0032] S2. Add a substrate to the separation box 1, and spread the substrate evenly on the material to be separated.
[0033] S3. Add the substrate to the separation box 1 again every 20 minutes, and spread the substrate added in the later time on the substrate added in the previous time. The total number of added substrate layers is at least four. The substrate is organic matter, such as the fertilizer converted from food waste. For the amount of the added substrate, the thickness of the substrate after being paved decreases as the humidity of the substrate increases, so that the worms can climb outside without being suffocated.
[0034] S4. After all the substrates are added, let it stand for a period of time to allow the worms to completely climb out of the top surface. When the height of the worms is higher than the height of the slot 101, pass the partition board 2 through the slot 101 and abut it against the inner wall of the separation box 1, so that the worms are located above the partition board 2; after S4 is completed, the partition board 2 is 2 cm below the worms, ensuring that the worms are completely located above the partition board 2 and there will be no excessive mixing of substrate debris.
[0035] S5. Take out the worms from the separation box 1.
[0036] S6. Completely separate the worms from the worm-substrate mixture containing a small amount of substrate. The separation method is as follows: Method A or Method B:
[0037] Method A: Pass the worm-substrate mixture containing a small amount of substrate through a small separation device and repeat steps S1 - S5 until the worms are completely separated from the substrate;
[0038] Method B: Use a vertically inserted steel plate to divide the internal space of the separation box 1 into two parts with a volume ratio of 1:3, namely a small compartment and a large compartment. Implement steps S1 - S5 in the large compartment, and place the worm-substrate mixture containing a small amount of substrate in the small compartment for further separation.
[0039] The thickness of the substrate after being paved is 10 - 20 cm. For example, when separating the worms from a batch of materials to be separated, the thickness of the added substrate after being paved is 15 cm in the separation steps of this batch of worms.
[0040] The width of the separation box 1 is less than or equal to 1.5 m, the length is less than 6 m, the thickness of the partition board 2 is less than the width of the slot 101, and the width of the slot 101 is not greater than 0.2 cm, which is convenient for passing the partition board 2 through the slot 101 without causing the substrate in the separation box 1 to flow out. When the thickness of the worms at the top in the separation box 1 exceeds 10 cm, shovel out 50% - 70% of the worms. The shoveled worms have a high cleanliness, and then add the substrate.
[0041] The separation box 1 adopts any one of the following three heat insulation structures: a, b, and c:
[0042] a: The inner and outer surfaces of the four sides and the bottom of the separation box 1 are made of stainless steel or polyphenylene sulfide, and the interlayer is filled with at least one heat insulation material such as mineral wool, foam board, and polyurethane;
[0043] b: The inner and outer surfaces of the four sides of the separation box 1 are made of stainless steel or polyphenylene sulfide, and the sandwich is filled with at least one heat-insulating material such as mineral wool, foam board, and polyurethane; the inner and outer surfaces of the bottom of the separation box 1 are made of stainless steel or polyphenylene sulfide, and the sandwich is filled with water, and the water is heated and temperature-controlled by a heating and temperature-control device, and the water temperature is controlled between 30°C and 55°C;
[0044] c: The inner and outer surfaces of the four sides and the bottom of the separation box 1 are made of stainless steel or polyphenylene sulfide, and the sandwich is filled with water, and the water is heated and temperature-controlled by a heating and temperature-control device, and the water temperature is controlled between 30°C and 55°C.
[0045] The adding methods of the material to be separated and the substrate include manual adding and mechanical adding, and the paving methods of the substrate include manual paving and mechanical paving. When it is necessary to improve the adding efficiency and paving efficiency, mechanical equipment is selected for operation, and at this time, the specifications of the separation box 1 are not limited; when energy conservation is required, manual operation is selected.
[0046] In this embodiment, the worms grow by feeding on organic fertilizers. The worms and the organic fertilizers are mixed together as the material to be separated. It is necessary to separate the worms from the material to be separated to obtain clean worms. When separating the worms, after adding the material to be separated to the bottom inside the separation box 1, the accumulation of the substrate causes a decrease in the oxygen content and an increase in the substrate temperature below. During the interval time, the worms will gradually climb up to the surface due to their aerobic and heat-averse habits, so that the worms and the organic fertilizers can be separated, and finally the worms can be taken out. The separation method of this embodiment has a high separation rate, is simple and efficient, and is not limited by the humidity, state, conversion completeness of the substrate and the age conditions of the worms. The separation method of this embodiment is Figure 2 the oxygen-free separation method without boundaries in []. Compared with other separation methods, this separation method has the highest efficiency, the best effect, strong operability, saves labor and mechanical costs, and has high benefits by using the oxygen-seeking combined with heat-avoiding separation method.
[0047] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.
Claims
1. A method for separating Diptera insects, characterized in that, Separation is carried out using a separation device by taking advantage of the biological habits of organisms to seek oxygen and avoid high temperatures. The separation device includes a separation box (1) and a partition board (2). A slot (101) for the partition board (2) to pass through is provided on the separation box (1). The width of the slot (101) is not greater than 0.2 cm. The separation steps are as follows: S1. Add the material to be separated containing insect bodies and organic fertilizer to the bottom inside the separation box (1), and flatten the material to be separated; S2. Add a substrate to the separation box (1), and lay the substrate flat on the material to be separated. The substrate is organic matter; S3. Add the substrate to the separation box (1) again every 20 minutes, and lay the substrate added in the latter time flat on the substrate added in the previous time. The total number of layers of the added substrate is at least four layers. The thickness of each layer of the substrate after being flattened is 10 - 20 cm. For the amount of the added substrate, the thickness of the substrate after being flattened decreases as the humidity of the substrate increases, so that the insect bodies can climb to the outside without being suffocated; S4. After all the substrates are added, let it stand for a period of time. When the height of the insect bodies is higher than the height of the slot (101), pass the partition board (2) through the slot (101) and abut it against the inner wall of the separation box (1) so that the insect bodies are located above the partition board (2); S5. Take out the insect bodies from the separation box (1); After S4 is completed, the partition board (2) is located 2 - 3 cm below the insect bodies; When separating the insect bodies, after adding the material to be separated to the bottom inside the separation box, the accumulation of the substrate will cause the substrate in the lower layer to lack oxygen, resulting in the insect bodies drilling upward to the place with higher oxygen content in the upper layer. And the higher temperature generated by the combined action of the insect bodies and microorganisms on the substrate will also prompt the insect bodies to drill upward. During the interval time, let the insect bodies fully drill into the upper layer, so that the insect bodies and the organic fertilizer can be separated, and finally take out the insect bodies.
2. The method for separating Diptera insects according to claim 1, wherein It also includes S6. Completely separate the insect bodies from the insect body - substrate mixture containing a small amount of substrate. The separation method is one of the following Method A or Method B: Method A: Pass the insect body - substrate mixture containing a small amount of substrate through a small - scale separation device and repeat steps S1 - S5 until the insect bodies are completely separated from the substrate; Method B: Use a steel plate inserted vertically downward to divide the internal space of the separation box (1) into two parts with a volume ratio of 1:3, namely a small compartment and a large compartment. Implement steps S1 - S5 in the large compartment, and place the insect body - substrate mixture containing a small amount of substrate in the small compartment for further separation.
3. The method for separating Diptera insects according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the thickness of the insect bodies at the top in the separation box (1) exceeds 10 cm, shovel out 50 - 70% of the insect bodies, and then add the substrate.
4. The method for separating Diptera insects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the separation box (1) is less than or equal to 1.5 m, the length is less than 6 m, and the thickness of the partition board (2) is less than the width of the slot (101).
5. The method for separating Diptera insects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adding methods of the material to be separated and the substrate include manual adding and mechanical adding. The flattening methods of the substrate include manual flattening and mechanical flattening.
6. The method for separating Diptera insects according to claim 1, wherein, The separation box (1) adopts any one of the following three heat - preservation structures a, b, and c: a: The inner and outer surfaces of the four sides and the bottom of the separation box (1) are made of stainless steel or polyphenylene sulfide, and the sandwich is filled with at least one heat - preservation material such as mineral wool, foam board, and polyurethane; b: The inner and outer surfaces around the separation tank (1) are made of stainless steel or polyphenylene sulfide, and the sandwich layer is filled with at least one heat-insulating material such as mineral wool, foam board and polyurethane; the inner and outer surfaces of the bottom of the separation tank (1) are made of stainless steel or polyphenylene sulfide, and the sandwich layer is filled with water, and the water is heated and temperature-controlled by a heating and temperature-control device, and the water temperature is controlled between 30°C and 55°C; c: The inner and outer surfaces around and at the bottom of the separation tank (1) are made of stainless steel or polyphenylene sulfide, and the sandwich layer is filled with water, and the water is heated and temperature-controlled by a heating and temperature-control device, and the water temperature is controlled between 30°C and 55°C.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
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