An anti-slip pile system for a pile driving vessel

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anti-pile-sliding system for a pile driving vessel, which comprises a winch, a pulley block, an anti-pile-sliding oil cylinder, an upper pile gripper and a counterweight; a steel wire rope is wound around the winch, and the steel wire rope sequentially winds around the pulley block, the upper pile gripper and the counterweight; the counterweight is arranged below the upper pile gripper; the anti-pile-sliding oil cylinder is connected with the pulley block, and an accumulator is connected to the rodless cavity side of the anti-pile-sliding oil cylinder through a hydraulic system. The present invention can adapt to various soil layers that may cause pile sliding without adjusting the equipment, can effectively inhibit the amplitude of pile sliding during the pile sinking process, prevent the occurrence of damage, and ensure the safety of operators and equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the pile driving construction technology of a pile driving vessel, and more specifically, to an anti-runaway pile system for a pile driving vessel. Background Art

[0002] During offshore pile driving operations, different geological layers have different requirements for the pile driving vessel, pile hammer, and pile. When encountering a soft soil layer with a thick overburden, the usual operation method is very likely to cause the phenomenon of pile runaway, resulting in the jumping of the wire rope on the deck, the dropping of the pile hammer, the cracking of the pile, etc., causing huge safety risks, economic losses, and construction period delays. Usually, the methods to prevent pile runaway include reducing the self-weight of the pile body or reducing the self-weight of the pile hammer, and controlling the hammering energy from small to large during construction. It is difficult to reduce the pile self-weight during a project construction, and reducing the self-weight of the pile hammer cannot avoid the occurrence of pile runaway. When encountering a sand layer with a high density, it is difficult to reach the design elevation. The application of these methods has certain limitations.

[0003] Analysis of the reasons for pile runaway: During the pile driving process, the stress state of the pile is as Figure 1 shown. If the total soil bearing capacity Qd (Equation 1) is less than the total sinking force F (Equation 2), pile runaway may occur:

[0004] 1) Less than the self-weight of the pile body;

[0005] 2) Less than the sum of the weights of the pile and the pile hammer;

[0006] 3) Less than the sum of the weights of the pile and the hammer and the inertial force of pile driving.

[0007] Among them, attention should be paid to the soil layer situation where the lateral friction decreases, especially in soft soil layers such as silt and silty clay, where the lateral friction rapidly decreases under dynamic loads; in addition, when the soil layer changes, when switching from sandy soil to cohesive soil, the end bearing capacity weakens.

[0008]

[0009] In the formula: Q d represents the total resistance (KN) suffered by the pile;

[0010] Q f represents the lateral friction (KN) suffered by the pile;

[0011] Q R represents the end resistance (KN) of the pile;

[0012] U represents the cross-sectional perimeter (m) of the pile body;

[0013] q fi represents the standard value of the ultimate pile side resistance per unit area of the i-th soil layer (kPa);

[0014] l iIt represents the length (m) of the pile body in the i-th layer of soil;

[0015] q R It represents the standard value of the ultimate pile tip resistance per unit area (kPa);

[0016] A represents the cross-sectional area of the pile body (m 2 )

[0017] The total sinking force of the pile foundation can be calculated by the following formula:

[0018] F = G + F p (2)

[0019] In the formula: G represents the buoyancy force (KN) of the pile, hammer, and dolly structure members after deducting the buoyancy force at the water entry end;

[0020] F p represents the inertia force of pile driving (KN).

[0021] It can be seen from the composition of formula (1) and formula (2) that to solve the problem of pile slipping, traditional methods include reducing the self-weight of the pile body or the self-weight of the pile hammer, increasing the soil bearing capacity of the pile (setting bottom sealing plates, increasing the pile diameter, etc.), and reducing the impact energy of the pile (using a suitable pile hammer, using a small hammer with small energy for hammering), etc. These methods all have certain limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0022] Aiming at the above defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-pile-slipping system for a pile driving barge, which can adapt to various soil layers that may cause pile slipping without adjusting the equipment, can effectively suppress the amplitude of pile slipping during the pile sinking process, prevent damage from occurring, and ensure the safety of operators and equipment.

[0023] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0024] An anti-pile-slipping system for a pile driving barge, comprising a winch, a pulley block, an anti-pile-slipping oil cylinder, an upper pile gripper, and a counterweight;

[0025] A steel wire rope is wound around the winch, and the steel wire rope sequentially winds around the pulley block, the upper pile gripper, and the counterweight;

[0026] The counterweight is arranged below the upper pile gripper;

[0027] The anti-pile-slipping oil cylinder is connected to the pulley block, and the rodless cavity side of the anti-pile-slipping oil cylinder is connected with an accumulator through a hydraulic system.

[0028] Preferably, it further comprises a lower pile gripper, and the lower pile gripper is located below the counterweight.

[0029] Preferably, the pulley block comprises a fixed pulley block and a movable pulley block;

[0030] The fixed pulley block is connected to the rodless cavity side of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder, and the movable pulley block is connected to the rod side of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder.

[0031] Preferably, the hydraulic system includes a proportional valve PS1, a solenoid valve S1, a solenoid valve S2, a solenoid valve S3, a first cartridge valve, a second cartridge valve, a first balance valve, a second balance valve, a shuttle valve, a check valve, a main valve, and a relief valve;

[0032] The proportional valve PS1 is used to control the anti-slip pile oil cylinder and the accumulator;

[0033] The rodless cavity side of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder is connected to the accumulator through the first cartridge valve;

[0034] The second cartridge valve, the main valve, and the relief valve form a safety relief valve for discharging excess hydraulic oil into the fuel tank;

[0035] The first cartridge valve, the shuttle valve, the solenoid valve S1, and the solenoid valve S2 form a one-way hydraulic lock for locking the anti-slip pile oil cylinder;

[0036] The solenoid valve S3 is used to discharge the hydraulic oil in the accumulator into the fuel tank;

[0037] The first balance valve and the second balance valve are used to prevent leakage of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder.

[0038] Preferably, pressure sensors are provided on both the anti-slip pile oil cylinder and the accumulator;

[0039] A pressure gauge is also provided on the accumulator.

[0040] The anti-slip pile system for a pile driving vessel provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] 1) In addition to the soil layer bearing capacity, a controllable anti-slip pile device is introduced to balance the gravity and inertia force of the pile driving equipment, weakening the influence of the soil layer bearing capacity;

[0042] 2) The anti-slip pile device absorbs the slip pile energy gradually, the process is gentle, and the response is fast;

[0043] 3) Prevent the occurrence of destructive slip pile hazards. Description of the Drawings

[0044] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the force analysis of an existing pile;

[0045] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-slip pile system for a pile driving vessel of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 is Figure 2Enlarged schematic view of position A

[0047] Figure 4 is the exploded schematic view of the anti-slip pile system of the pile driving vessel of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 is the hydraulic principle schematic view of the hydraulic system in the anti-slip pile system of the pile driving vessel of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0049] In order to better understand the above technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0050] Combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an anti-slip pile system for a pile driving vessel provided by the present invention includes a winch 1, a pulley block, an anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2, an upper pile gripper 3 and a counterweight 4.

[0051] A steel wire rope 5 is wound around the winch 1, and the steel wire rope 5 sequentially winds around the pulley block, the upper pile gripper 3 and the counterweight 4;

[0052] The counterweight 4 is arranged below the upper pile gripper 3.

[0053] The pulley block includes a fixed pulley block 6 and a movable pulley block 7.

[0054] The fixed pulley block 6 is connected to the rodless cavity side of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2, and the movable pulley block 7 is connected to the rod chamber side of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2.

[0055] The rodless cavity side of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2 is connected with an accumulator 8 through a hydraulic system.

[0056] The anti-slip pile system of the pile driving vessel further includes a lower pile gripper 9, and the lower pile gripper 9 is located below the counterweight 4.

[0057] Combined with Figure 5 As shown, the hydraulic system includes a proportional valve PS1, a solenoid valve S1, a solenoid valve S2, a solenoid valve S3, a first cartridge valve 10, a second cartridge valve 11, a first balance valve 12, a second balance valve 13, a shuttle valve 14, a check valve 15, a main valve 16 and a relief valve 17.

[0058] The proportional valve PS1 is used to control the states of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2 and the accumulator 8.

[0059] The rodless cavity side of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2 is connected with the accumulator 8 through the first cartridge valve 10.

[0060] The second cartridge valve 11, the main valve 16 and the relief valve 17 form a large-diameter safety relief valve for discharging the excess hydraulic oil into the oil tank 18, instantaneously responding to the large-flow overflow requirement of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2, and playing a good protective role.

[0061] The first cartridge valve 10, shuttle valve 14, solenoid valve S1 and solenoid valve S2 form a one-way hydraulic lock, which is used to lock the anti-slip pile cylinder 2.

[0062] The solenoid valve S3 is used to drain the hydraulic oil in the accumulator 8 into the fuel tank 18.

[0063] The first balance valve 12 and the second balance valve 13 can lock the anti-slip pile cylinder 2 usually, which is used to prevent the leakage or malfunction of the anti-slip pile cylinder 2.

[0064] Pressure sensors PT1 and PT2 are equipped on both the anti-slip pile cylinder 2 and the accumulator 8.

[0065] A pressure gauge 19 is also equipped on the accumulator 8.

[0066] Refer again to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, if the total resistance Q d received by the pile 20 is increased when the pile slipping occurs, and it is ensured that Q d is greater than F, the phenomenon of pile slipping can be greatly reduced, and the harm of pile slipping can be reduced to complete elimination. Therefore, the anti-slip pile system of the piling barge of the present invention is added to the pile frame 21.

[0067] Combined with Figure 4 As shown, the upper pile gripper 3 and the counterweight 4 on the anti-slip pile system of the piling barge of the present invention can move along the pile frame 21, and are connected to the pulley block, the anti-slip pile cylinder 2 and the winch 1 through the steel wire rope 5. After the pile 20 is positioned, the upper pile gripper 3 clamps the pile 20 tightly, and the counterweight 4 is placed below the upper pile gripper 3, leaving a certain amount of tension Δh1 (preset pile slipping settlement amount) of the steel wire rope 5. At this time, the upper pile gripper 3 exerts a sinking force on the pile 20, and the counterweight 4 is mainly used to tension the steel wire rope 5. Before the pile driving operation, the winch releases and maintains the tension Δh1 of the steel wire rope 5 in advance according to the elevation of the pile 20. If during a certain pile driving process, the winch 1 does not move and the settlement amount of the pile 20 suddenly exceeds Δh1, it is determined as pile slipping. At this time, the sinking force exerted by the steel wire rope 5 on the pile 20 through the upper pile gripper 3 becomes a lifting force, and the magnitude of the lifting force is set by the anti-slip pile cylinder 2. The pile slipping energy is absorbed by the anti-slip pile cylinder 2. The pile slipping energy W c is calculated as follows:

[0068] W c =(F - Q d )×Δh2

[0069] =(G + F p - Q f - Q R )×Δh2

[0070] =(G - Q f - Q R )×Δh2 + F p Δh2

[0071] =(GQ f -Q R )×Δh2+W p ………………(3)

[0072] Where: W p Indicates the hammering energy of the heavy hammer 22;

[0073] Δh2 represents the amount of sinking of the pile 20 after the anti-slip pile is installed.

[0074] Anti-slip pile cylinder 2 needs to absorb W c Energy, which is either absorbed by the accumulator 8 or consumed by overflow of the main valve 16. Figure 5 As shown, the anti-slip pile cylinder 2 is pressurized and has a displacement sensor installed inside. The rodless cavity side of the anti-slip pile cylinder 2 is connected to the accumulator 8 through the first cartridge valve 10. The second cartridge valve 11, the main valve 16 and the overflow valve 17 form a large-diameter safety overflow valve, which is used to discharge excess hydraulic oil into the oil tank 18, and instantly respond to the large-flow overflow requirement of the anti-slip pile cylinder 2, playing a good protective role. The first cartridge valve 10, the shuttle valve 14, the solenoid valve S1 and the solenoid valve S2 form a one-way hydraulic lock, which is used to lock the anti-slip pile cylinder 2. The solenoid valve S3 is used to discharge the hydraulic oil in the accumulator 8 into the oil tank 18. The first balance valve 12 and the second balance valve 13 can lock the anti-slip pile cylinder 2 at normal times to prevent leakage or malfunction of the anti-slip pile cylinder 2.

[0075] The main working conditions of the pile-driving ship anti-slip pile system of the present invention are as follows:

[0076] 1) Preparation before pile sinking:

[0077] a) Position the pile 20 on the pile frame 21, the upper pile gripper 3 grips the pile 20, the steel wire rope 5 is adjusted by the winch 1, the counterweight 4 is placed below the upper pile gripper 3, the steel wire rope 5 is tensioned and a certain tension amount of the steel wire rope 5 is reserved;

[0078] b) Adjust the initial working pressure of the accumulator 8 to P1, the solenoid valve S1 loses power, the solenoid valve S2 gains power, and the proportional valve PS1 (right position) is operated. Since the anti-slip pile cylinder 2 is close to zero load at this time, the hydraulic oil is pushed out of the cylinder through the proportional valve PS1 (right position), the first balancing valve 12, and the rodless chamber A1 port of the anti-slip pile cylinder 2. The hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of the anti-slip pile cylinder 2 returns to the oil tank 18 through the B2 port, the B1 port, the second balancing valve 13, and the proportional valve PS1. After the anti-slip pile cylinder 2 is completely pushed out, the system pressure begins to rise. At this time, the hydraulic oil is pressurized to the accumulator 8 through the proportional valve PS1 (right position), the first balancing valve 12, and the first cartridge valve 10, and the pressure is stopped when it reaches the working pressure P1;

[0079] c) Adjust the initial position of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2 so that the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2 has a set anti-slip pile protection stroke: When the pressure of the accumulator 8 reaches P1, the solenoid valves S1 and S2 lose power, and the first cartridge valve 10 is in the closed state, separating the accumulator 8 from the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2; Operate the proportional valve PS1 to place the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2 in the initial position.

[0080] 2) Pile driving:

[0081] The solenoid valve S1 loses power, the solenoid valve S2 is powered on, the first cartridge valve 10 conducts unidirectionally, and the hydraulic oil can flow from the rodless cavity of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2 into the accumulator 8 to prevent pile slipping.

[0082] Since the counterweight 4 is placed below the upper pile gripper 3, the wire rope 5 has a certain amount of tension Δh1, which is greater than the change amount of the wire rope 5 caused by the one-time sinking of the pile 20 during the normal pile driving process. As the pile 20 sinks, the winch 1 continuously releases the wire rope 5 to keep the counterweight 4 always below the upper pile gripper 3. At this time, the load on the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2 is very small, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2 will not flow into the accumulator 8.

[0083] 3) Anti-slip pile:

[0084] The solenoid valve S1 loses power, the solenoid valve S2 is powered on, the first cartridge valve 10 conducts unidirectionally, and the hydraulic oil can flow from the rodless cavity of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2 into the accumulator 8.

[0085] During a certain pile driving, when the change amount of the wire rope 5 caused by the sinking of the pile 20 exceeds Δh1, it can be considered that pile slipping starts at this time. At this time, the downward force applied to the pile 20 by the wire rope 5 through the upper pile gripper 3 becomes an upward force. When the pressure in the rodless cavity caused by the magnitude of the upward force on the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2 is greater than the set pressure P1 of the accumulator 8, the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2 starts to act, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity flows into the accumulator 8 through the first cartridge valve 10. The pile slipping energy is absorbed by the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2, and the additional sinking amount Δh2 is the anti-slip pile protection sinking amount of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2, and this value can be controlled within a reasonable range without causing harm to the equipment.

[0086] The pressure of the accumulator 8 increases from P1 to P2. If P2 reaches the set pressure P3 of the overflow valve 17, the main valve 16 opens. After the hydraulic oil overflows through the main valve 16, part of it enters the rod end cavity of the anti-slip pile oil cylinder 2 through the check valve 15, and part of it returns to the oil tank 18 through the T port of the valve block; The two-stage cartridge valve design is to improve the response speed of the main valve 16, so that the control oil of the main valve 16 is quickly discharged through the second cartridge valve 11 and the overflow valve 17, and the main valve 16 quickly opens. The pile slipping energy is first absorbed by the accumulator 8 and then consumed by overflow through the main valve 16 when the set pressure of the overflow valve 17 is reached.

[0087] In addition, when both solenoid valves S1 and S2 are de-energized, by controlling the solenoid valve S3, the pressurized oil in the accumulator 8 can be discharged to the oil tank 18; the pressure sensors PT1 and PT2 can respectively monitor the pressures of the anti-pile-dropping cylinder 2 and the accumulator 8.

[0088] The working pressure P1 of the accumulator 8 reflects the initial load during pile dropping. Selecting an appropriate P1 value can smoothly absorb the pile-dropping energy. Setting the P3 value of the relief valve 17 can set the maximum pile-dropping load to prevent damage to the equipment caused by the breaking load. The setting of the P1 and P3 values needs to be comprehensively determined according to the pile frame 21, pile 20, weight 22, dolly, hammering energy, soil quality and combined with construction experience.

[0089] It can be seen from equation (3) that to control the pile-dropping settlement, under the condition of certain external construction equipment, by designing and selecting appropriate volumes and inflation pressures of the anti-pile-dropping cylinder 2 and the accumulator 8 (appropriately adjusting the minimum working pressure of the accumulator 8 within the allowable range can also change the pile-dropping settlement), etc., the anti-pile-dropping capacity of the piling barge can be calculated. If the side friction resistance Q of pile sinking and the end bearing capacity Q on the right side of equation (3) are weakened f and the pile tip bearing capacity Q R are affected to 0, and the corresponding design of the initial working pressure P1 of the cylinder and the accumulator 8 and the working pressure P3 parameter capacity of the relief valve 17 on the left side of equation (3) is strengthened, it can fully adapt to different geological conditions and keep the pile dropping under control.

[0090] In the present invention, the anti-pile-dropping cylinder 2 is selected to absorb the excess energy of pile dropping, mainly considering that the cylinder has a small inertia and a fast instantaneous response speed (compared with directly using a winch to absorb energy), and it will not cause excessive starting load to the whole structure and cause damage.

[0091] Those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field should recognize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. As long as it is within the scope of the spirit of the present invention, changes and modifications to the above embodiments will fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A anti-slip pile system for a pile driving vessel, characterized in that: It includes a winch, a pulley block, an anti-slip pile cylinder, an upper pile gripper and a counterweight; A steel wire rope is wound around the winch, and the steel wire rope successively winds around the pulley block, the upper pile gripper and the counterweight; The counterweight is arranged below the upper pile gripper; The anti-slip pile cylinder is connected to the pulley block, and an accumulator is connected to the rodless cavity side of the anti-slip pile cylinder through a hydraulic system; The pulley block includes a fixed pulley block and a movable pulley block; The fixed pulley block is connected to the rodless cavity side of the anti-slip pile cylinder, and the movable pulley block is connected to the rod cavity side of the anti-slip pile cylinder; The hydraulic system includes a proportional valve PS1, a solenoid valve S1, a solenoid valve S2, a solenoid valve S3, a first cartridge valve, a second cartridge valve, a first balance valve, a second balance valve, a shuttle valve, a check valve, a main valve and a relief valve; The proportional valve PS1 is used to control the anti-slip pile cylinder and the accumulator; The rodless cavity side of the anti-slip pile cylinder is connected to the accumulator through the first cartridge valve; The second cartridge valve, the main valve and the relief valve form a safety relief valve for discharging excess hydraulic oil into the fuel tank; The first cartridge valve, the shuttle valve, the solenoid valve S1 and the solenoid valve S2 form a one-way hydraulic lock for locking the anti-slip pile cylinder; The solenoid valve S3 is used to discharge the hydraulic oil in the accumulator into the fuel tank; The first balance valve and the second balance valve are used to prevent leakage of the anti-slip pile cylinder.

2. The anti-slip pile system of a pile driving vessel according to claim 1, wherein: It further includes a lower pile gripper which is located below the counterweight.

3. The anti-slip pile system for a pile driving vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Pressure sensors are equipped on both the anti-slip pile cylinder and the accumulator; A pressure gauge is also equipped on the accumulator.

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