High-gain beamforming anti-interference antenna

Abstract

A high-gain beamforming anti-interference antenna is provided, comprising an antenna cover, a power divider and a metal support tube are provided at the bottom of the antenna cover, and the power divider is connected to the bottom of the metal support tube; a plurality of radiator units are arranged in a coaxial array along the axial direction of the metal support tube, and the plurality of radiator units are connected in parallel with the power divider through their respective corresponding coaxial cables for feeding; the lengths of the coaxial cables are different; each radiator unit is composed of a first vibrator and a second vibrator; and filling materials are provided in the metal shells of the first vibrator and the second vibrator, respectively. The present invention greatly improves the antenna gain, and at the same time realizes beamforming in a simpler way, effectively reducing the antenna blind area and interference in adjacent areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of directional devices for changing directional patterns of radio antennas, and in particular relates to a high-gain beamforming anti-interference antenna. Background Art

[0002] Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) refers to air-to-air traffic surveillance between aircraft with the ability to broadcast position reports. Compared with traditional radar systems, it has obvious advantages such as high accuracy, large capacity, low cost, and long life. It has become the main surveillance technology for the future identified by ICAO and is widely implemented abroad. my country urgently needs ADS-B technology to enhance its aviation transport surveillance capabilities.

[0003] At present, the development of domestic ADS-B ground surveillance system needs to be equipped with new antennas with higher gain, smaller blind area, stronger anti-interference and lower cost to meet the use requirements of ADS-B ground surveillance system. In this regard, the following technical solutions are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a high-gain beamforming anti-interference antenna, which operates in the frequency band of 960MHz to 1215MHz; it has the characteristics of wide band, high gain, directional pattern beamforming, and vertical polarization to meet the use requirements of the ADS-B ground surveillance system.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a high-gain beamforming anti-interference antenna, including an antenna cover, a power divider is provided at the bottom of the antenna cover, and the power divider support is fixedly connected to the bottom of a vertical metal support tube; the metal support tube is provided in the antenna cover, and a plurality of radiator units are arranged in a coaxial array along the axial direction of the metal support tube, and the plurality of radiator units are respectively connected in parallel with the power divider through their respective corresponding coaxial cables for feeding; each radiator unit is composed of a first vibrator and a second vibrator; filling materials are respectively provided in the metal shells of the first vibrator and the second vibrator; and the lengths of the coaxial cables are different.

[0006] In the above technical solution, further: there are sixteen radiator units, which are fixed to the metal support tube at equal intervals; the interval between the radiator units is 73-78 mm; the interval between the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 is 3-8 mm.

[0007] In the above technical solution, further: the metal shells of the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are made of copper with a thickness of 0.1-0.8 mm; the filling material 33 in the metal shell is PMI foam material; the dielectric constant εr of the PMI foam material is 3.0-3.5.

[0008] In the above technical scheme, further: the first vibrator and the second vibrator of the radiator unit are axially symmetrically arranged, and the first vibrator and the second vibrator are respectively composed of an integrally formed cylindrical radiator structure and a gradient cone radiating structure; wherein the cylindrical radiator structure is arranged on the axially outer side, and the gradient cone radiating structure is arranged on the axially inner side; the height of the cylindrical radiator structure is 30 to 40 mm, and the height of the gradient cone radiating structure is 20 to 30 mm; the maximum outer diameter of the first vibrator and the second vibrator is 60 to 65 mm; the outer diameter of the metal support tube 14 is 15 to 23 mm.

[0009] In the above technical solution, further: short-circuit structures are respectively provided at the ends of the first vibrator and the second vibrator; the first vibrator and the second vibrator are respectively welded to the metal support tube through their respective short-circuit structures.

[0010] In the above technical solution, further: the coaxial cable passes through the inside of the metal support tube and goes out from the side hole of the metal support tube; the length difference between the coaxial cables corresponding to each two adjacent radiator units is 10 to 100 mm; the coaxial cable includes a core wire and a metal shielding layer; the core wire is connected to the first vibrator of each radiator unit; the metal shielding layer is connected to the second vibrator of each radiator unit.

[0011] In the above technical solution, further: the feeding phase difference between the radiator units is 8°~24°, the pattern inclination is 2°~5°, and the difference between the main lobe gain and the side lobe gain of the pattern is greater than 10dB to shape the pattern beam.

[0012] In the above technical solution, further: the antenna operating frequency band is 960MHz~1215MHz.

[0013] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0014] 1. Each radiator unit of the present invention includes a first oscillator and a second oscillator respectively. The first oscillator and the second oscillator are spaced a certain distance apart to form a sixteen-element array antenna with a combined dipole as a unit. Since the dipole antenna itself has wide-band characteristics and omnidirectional radiation characteristics, the high gain characteristics of the antenna can be achieved after the array is formed.

[0015] 2. The coaxial cable of the present invention is located inside the metal support tube, the core wire at the first end of the coaxial cable is connected to the first oscillator of the corresponding radiator unit, and the metal shielding layer at the first end of the coaxial cable is connected to the second oscillator of the corresponding radiator unit; the second end of the coaxial cable passes through the end of the metal support tube and is connected to the corresponding port of the power divider, ultimately realizing a parallel feeding structure of sixteen radiator units, which greatly broadens the antenna working bandwidth compared to the series feeding structure.

[0016] 3. In the present invention, since the feeding phase difference of the array antenna is related to the inclination angle of the main beam of the antenna pattern, the length difference of the feeding cable is used to achieve the phase difference between the radiator units. Therefore, in the present invention, the lengths of the sixteen coaxial cables are different to achieve beamforming.

[0017] 4. The radiator unit structure of the present invention is a combination of a cone and a cylinder. The combined dipole has a flatter impedance characteristic and a wider impedance bandwidth than a biconical antenna. At the same time, the radiator unit structure has a larger cone angle and a thicker diameter, which broadens the impedance bandwidth of the antenna to a certain extent.

[0018] 5. The end of the first vibrator in the radiator unit of the present invention includes a short-circuit structure, which effectively improves the surface current of the radiator and increases the antenna gain; at the same time, the first vibrator and the second vibrator in the radiator unit contain filling materials. The filling materials can improve the antenna working performance and effectively fix and support the radiator unit by selecting suitable dielectric constant materials.

[0019] 6. The metal support tube of the present invention runs through the entire antenna. On the one hand, it is used to fix the radiator unit, thereby improving the reliability of the antenna structure. On the other hand, it is convenient for welding the radiator short-circuit structure and the radiator unit, and at the same time provides a channel for the coaxial cable to avoid placing the cable outside the radiator and interfering with the antenna radiation performance.

[0020] 7. The present invention greatly improves the antenna gain and realizes beamforming in a simpler way, thereby effectively reducing the antenna blind area and interference from adjacent areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the antenna of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiator unit of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-section structure of the radiator unit of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a graph of the simulation results of the standing wave ratio in the frequency band of 960MHz to 1215MHz for Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 1 is a graph of gain simulation results in the frequency band of 960 MHz to 1215 MHz for Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 1 is a diagram showing the simulation result of the E-plane directional pattern of Example 1 of the present invention at a frequency of 1100 MHz;

[0027] Figure 7 1 is a diagram showing the simulation results of the E-plane radiation pattern of Embodiment 2 of the present invention at a frequency of 1100 MHz;

[0028] Figure 8 1 is a diagram showing the simulation result of the E-plane radiation pattern of Embodiment 3 of the present invention at a frequency point of 1100 MHz;

[0029] Fig. 9 This is a graph showing the measured results of the standing wave ratio in the frequency band of 960 MHz to 1215 MHz for Example 2 of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 11-antenna cover, 12-power divider 12, 13-radiator unit, 14-metal support tube 14, 15-coaxial cable; 21-first vibrator, 22-second vibrator 22, 33-filling material 33; 211-short-circuit structure I, 212-cylindrical radiator structure I212, 213-gradient cone radiator structure I; 221-short-circuit structure II, 222-cylindrical radiator structure II, 223-gradient cone radiator structure II; 25-side hole; 31-core wire, 32-metal shielding layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the attached embodiment of the present invention Figure 1-9 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] (See Figure 1 ) A high-gain beamforming anti-interference antenna includes an antenna cover 11, a power divider 12 is provided at the bottom of the antenna cover 11, and the power divider 12 supports and fixes the bottom of a vertical metal support tube 14; the metal support tube 14 is provided in the antenna cover 11, and a plurality of radiator units 13 are coaxially arranged in an array along the axis direction of the metal support tube 14, and the plurality of radiator units 13 are respectively connected in parallel with the power divider 12 through their respective corresponding coaxial cables 15 for feeding; each radiator unit 13 is composed of a first vibrator 21 and a second vibrator 22; filling materials 33 are respectively provided in the metal shells of the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22; and the lengths of the coaxial cables 15 are different.

[0034] In the above embodiment, further: there are sixteen radiator units 13, which are fixed to the metal support tube 14 at equal intervals; the intervals between the sixteen radiator units 13 are equal and are all 73 mm; the intervals between the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are equal and are all 3 mm.

[0035] (See Figure 2 , Figure 3 ) In the above embodiment, further: the metal shells of the first oscillator 21 and the second oscillator 22 are made of copper with a thickness of 0.1 mm and excellent conductivity; the filling material 33 in the metal shell is a PMI foam material; the dielectric constant εr of the PMI foam material is 3.0. This dielectric constant can effectively improve the radiation performance of the antenna and play a role in supporting the radiator unit, thereby improving the structural strength of the antenna.

[0036] In the above embodiment, further: the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 of the radiator unit 13 are axially symmetrically arranged, and the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are respectively composed of an integrally formed cylindrical radiator structure and a tapered cone radiator structure; wherein the cylindrical radiator structure is arranged on the axially outer side, and the tapered cone radiator structure is arranged on the axially inner side; the heights of the cylindrical radiator structures are equal and are both 31 mm, and the heights of the tapered cone radiator structures are equal and are both 28 mm; the maximum outer diameter of the radiator unit is 65 mm; the outer diameter of the metal support tube 14 is 23 mm. In the above embodiment, further: the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are respectively provided with short-circuit structures at their ends; the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are respectively welded to the metal support tube 14 through their respective short-circuit structures.

[0037] Specifically: the short-circuit structure includes the short-circuit structure I211 of the first vibrator 21 and the short-circuit structure II221 of the second vibrator 22. The cylindrical radiator structure includes the cylindrical radiator structure I212 of the first vibrator 21 and the cylindrical radiator structure II222 of the second vibrator 22. The gradient cone radiation structure includes the gradient cone radiation structure I213 of the first vibrator 21 and the gradient cone radiation structure II223 of the second vibrator 22. The short-circuit structure I211 is located at the end of the first vibrator 21 and is welded to the metal support tube 14. The short-circuit structure II221 is located at the end of the second vibrator 22 and is welded to the metal support tube 14. The heights of the cylindrical radiator structures of the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are equal, and the heights of the gradient cone radiator structures of the first vibrator and the second vibrator are equal.

[0038] (like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3) In the above embodiment, further: the coaxial cable 15 passes through the metal support tube 14 and passes through the side hole 25 of the metal support tube 14; the length difference between the coaxial cables 15 corresponding to each two adjacent radiator units 13 is 10 mm. The coaxial cable 15 includes a core wire 31 and a metal shielding layer 32; the core wire 31 connects the first oscillator 21 of each radiator unit 13; the metal shielding layer 32 connects the second oscillator 22 of each radiator unit.

[0039] Specifically: the core wire 31 at the first end of the coaxial cable 15 is connected to the first oscillator 21 of the corresponding radiator unit 13, and the metal shielding layer 32 at the first end of the coaxial cable 15 is connected to the second oscillator 22 of the corresponding radiator unit 13; the second end of the coaxial cable 15 passes through the bottom end of the metal support tube 14 and is connected to the corresponding connection port of the power divider 12, and so on, ultimately realizing the parallel feeding structure of the sixteen radiator units 13.

[0040] In the above embodiment, further: the feeding phase difference between the radiator units 13 is 8°, the pattern inclination angle is 2°, and the difference between the main lobe gain and the side lobe gain of the pattern is greater than 10 dB to shape the pattern beam, effectively reducing working blind spots and interference in adjacent areas.

[0041] In the above embodiment, the working frequency band of the antenna of the present invention is 960MHz to 1215MHz.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] (See Figure 1 ) A high-gain beamforming anti-interference antenna includes an antenna cover 11, a power divider 12 is provided at the bottom of the antenna cover 11, and the power divider 12 supports and fixes the bottom of a vertical metal support tube 14; the metal support tube 14 is provided in the antenna cover 11, and a plurality of radiator units 13 are coaxially arranged in an array along the axis direction of the metal support tube 14, and the plurality of radiator units 13 are respectively connected in parallel with the power divider 12 through their respective corresponding coaxial cables 15 for feeding; each radiator unit 13 is composed of a first vibrator 21 and a second vibrator 22; filling materials 33 are respectively provided in the metal shells of the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22; and the lengths of the coaxial cables 15 are different.

[0044] In the above embodiment, further: there are sixteen radiator units 13, which are fixed to the metal support tube 14 at equal intervals; the intervals between the sixteen radiator units 13 are equal and are all 78 mm; the intervals between the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are equal and are all 3 mm.

[0045] (See Figure 2 , Figure 3) In the above embodiment, further: the metal shells of the first oscillator 21 and the second oscillator 22 are made of copper with a thickness of 0.1 mm and excellent conductivity; the filling material 33 in the metal shell is a PMI foam material; the dielectric constant εr of the PMI foam material is 3.3. This dielectric constant can effectively improve the radiation performance of the antenna and play a role in supporting the radiator unit, thereby improving the structural strength of the antenna.

[0046] In the above embodiment, further: the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 of the radiator unit 13 are axially symmetrically arranged, and the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are respectively composed of an integrally formed cylindrical radiator structure and a tapered cone radiator structure; wherein the cylindrical radiator structure is arranged on the axially outer side, and the tapered cone radiator structure is arranged on the axially inner side; the heights of the cylindrical radiator structures are equal and are both 33 mm, and the heights of the tapered cone radiator structures are equal and are both 25 mm; the maximum outer diameter of the radiator unit is 60 mm; the outer diameter of the metal support tube 14 is 21 mm. In the above embodiment, further: the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are respectively provided with short-circuit structures at their ends; the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are respectively welded to the metal support tube 14 through their respective short-circuit structures.

[0047] Specifically: the short-circuit structure includes the short-circuit structure I211 of the first vibrator 21 and the short-circuit structure II221 of the second vibrator 22. The cylindrical radiator structure includes the cylindrical radiator structure I212 of the first vibrator 21 and the cylindrical radiator structure II222 of the second vibrator 22. The gradient cone radiation structure includes the gradient cone radiation structure I213 of the first vibrator 21 and the gradient cone radiation structure II223 of the second vibrator 22. The short-circuit structure I211 is located at the end of the first vibrator 21 and is welded to the metal support tube 14. The short-circuit structure II221 is located at the end of the second vibrator 22 and is welded to the metal support tube 14. The heights of the cylindrical radiator structures of the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are equal, and the heights of the gradient cone radiator structures of the first vibrator and the second vibrator are equal.

[0048] (like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 ) In the above embodiment, further: the coaxial cable 15 passes through the metal support tube 14 and passes through the side hole 25 of the metal support tube 14; the length difference between the coaxial cables 15 corresponding to each two adjacent radiator units 13 is 10 mm. The coaxial cable 15 includes a core wire 31 and a metal shielding layer 32; the core wire 31 connects the first oscillator 21 of each radiator unit 13; the metal shielding layer 32 connects the second oscillator 22 of each radiator unit.

[0049] Specifically: the core wire 31 at the first end of the coaxial cable 15 is connected to the first oscillator 21 of the corresponding radiator unit 13, and the metal shielding layer 32 at the first end of the coaxial cable 15 is connected to the second oscillator 22 of the corresponding radiator unit 13; the second end of the coaxial cable 15 passes through the bottom end of the metal support tube 14 and is connected to the corresponding connection port of the power divider 12, and so on, ultimately realizing the parallel feeding structure of the sixteen radiator units 13.

[0050] In the above embodiment, further: the feeding phase difference between the radiator units 13 is 8°, the pattern inclination angle is 2°, and the difference between the main lobe gain and the side lobe gain of the pattern is greater than 10 dB to shape the pattern beam, effectively reducing working blind spots and interference in adjacent areas.

[0051] In the above embodiment, the working frequency band of the antenna of the present invention is 960MHz to 1215MHz.

[0052] Embodiment 3:

[0053] (See Figure 1 ) A high-gain beamforming anti-interference antenna includes an antenna cover 11, a power divider 12 is provided at the bottom of the antenna cover 11, and the power divider 12 supports and fixes the bottom of a vertical metal support tube 14; the metal support tube 14 is provided in the antenna cover 11, and a plurality of radiator units 13 are coaxially arranged in an array along the axis direction of the metal support tube 14, and the plurality of radiator units 13 are respectively connected in parallel with the power divider 12 through their respective corresponding coaxial cables 15 for feeding; each radiator unit 13 is composed of a first vibrator 21 and a second vibrator 22; filling materials 33 are respectively provided in the metal shells of the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22; and the lengths of the coaxial cables 15 are different.

[0054] In the above embodiment, further: there are sixteen radiator units 13, which are fixed to the metal support tube 14 at equal intervals; the intervals between the sixteen radiator units 13 are equal and are all 73 mm; the intervals between the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are equal and are all 5 mm.

[0055] (See Figure 2 , Figure 3 ) In the above embodiment, further: the metal shells of the first oscillator 21 and the second oscillator 22 are made of copper with a thickness of 0.1 mm and excellent conductivity; the filling material 33 in the metal shell is a PMI foam material; the dielectric constant εr of the PMI foam material is 3.5. This dielectric constant can effectively improve the radiation performance of the antenna and play a role in supporting the radiator unit, thereby improving the structural strength of the antenna.

[0056] In the above embodiment, further: the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 of the radiator unit 13 are axially symmetrically arranged, and the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are respectively composed of an integrally formed cylindrical radiator structure and a tapered cone radiator structure; wherein the cylindrical radiator structure is arranged on the axially outer side, and the tapered cone radiator structure is arranged on the axially inner side; the heights of the cylindrical radiator structures are equal and both are 40 mm, and the heights of the tapered cone radiator structures are equal and both are 21 mm; the maximum outer diameter of the radiator unit is 60 mm; the outer diameter of the metal support tube 14 is 15 mm. In the above embodiment, further: the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are respectively provided with short-circuit structures at their ends; the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are respectively welded to the metal support tube 14 through their respective short-circuit structures.

[0057] Specifically: the short-circuit structure includes the short-circuit structure I211 of the first vibrator 21 and the short-circuit structure II221 of the second vibrator 22. The cylindrical radiator structure includes the cylindrical radiator structure I212 of the first vibrator 21 and the cylindrical radiator structure II222 of the second vibrator 22. The gradient cone radiation structure includes the gradient cone radiation structure I213 of the first vibrator 21 and the gradient cone radiation structure II223 of the second vibrator 22. The short-circuit structure I211 is located at the end of the first vibrator 21 and is welded to the metal support tube 14. The short-circuit structure II221 is located at the end of the second vibrator 22 and is welded to the metal support tube 14. The heights of the cylindrical radiator structures of the first vibrator 21 and the second vibrator 22 are equal, and the heights of the gradient cone radiator structures of the first vibrator and the second vibrator are equal.

[0058] (like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 ) In the above embodiment, further: the coaxial cable 15 passes through the metal support tube 14 and passes through the side hole 25 of the metal support tube 14; the length difference between the coaxial cables 15 corresponding to each two adjacent radiator units 13 is 100 mm. The coaxial cable 15 includes a core wire 31 and a metal shielding layer 32; the core wire 31 connects the first oscillator 21 of each radiator unit 13; the metal shielding layer 32 connects the second oscillator 22 of each radiator unit.

[0059] Specifically: the core wire 31 at the first end of the coaxial cable 15 is connected to the first oscillator 21 of the corresponding radiator unit 13, and the metal shielding layer 32 at the first end of the coaxial cable 15 is connected to the second oscillator 22 of the corresponding radiator unit 13; the second end of the coaxial cable 15 passes through the bottom end of the metal support tube 14 and is connected to the corresponding connection port of the power divider 12, and so on, ultimately realizing the parallel feeding structure of the sixteen radiator units 13.

[0060] In the above embodiment, further: the feeding phase difference between the radiator units 13 is 24°, the pattern inclination angle is 5°, and the difference between the main lobe gain and the side lobe gain of the pattern is greater than 10 dB to shape the pattern beam, effectively reducing working blind spots and interference in adjacent areas.

[0061] In the above embodiment, the working frequency band of the antenna of the present invention is 960MHz to 1215MHz.

[0062] When the present invention is specifically applied: (see Figures 4 to 9 ), using Altair HyperWorks FEKO 2017 simulation software for auxiliary design, after determining the form of the radiator unit 13, a simulation model is established in CADFEKO.

[0063] The beam width of the directional pattern is adjusted and the mutual coupling between the radiator units is reduced by adjusting the spacing between each radiator unit 13 .

[0064] By adjusting the distance between the first oscillator 21 and the second oscillator 22 , the impedance characteristic of the antenna is improved, thereby reducing the antenna standing wave.

[0065] By adjusting the phase difference between the sixteen coaxial cables 15, the antenna pattern beamforming is controlled and implemented.

[0066] The three embodiments of the present invention can realize the antenna to work in the working frequency band of 960MHz to 1215MHz, and the gain of the antenna of the present invention is greater than 12dBi, and can be used for but not only for ADS-B ground surveillance system, and has good radiation characteristics.

[0067] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: each radiator unit of the present invention includes a first oscillator and a second oscillator respectively, and the first oscillator and the second oscillator are spaced a certain distance apart to form a 16-element array antenna with a combined dipole as a unit. Because the dipole antenna itself has wide-band characteristics and omnidirectional radiation characteristics, after the array is formed, the high gain characteristics of the antenna can be achieved.

[0068] The coaxial cable of the present invention is located inside the metal support tube, the core wire of the first end of the coaxial cable is connected to the first oscillator of the corresponding radiator unit, and the metal shielding layer of the first end of the coaxial cable is connected to the second oscillator of the corresponding radiator unit; the second end of the coaxial cable passes through the end of the metal support tube and is connected to the corresponding port of the power divider, finally realizing a parallel feeding structure of sixteen radiator units, which greatly broadens the antenna working bandwidth compared to the series feeding structure.

[0069] Since the feeding phase difference of the array antenna is related to the inclination angle of the main beam of the antenna pattern, the length difference of the feeding cable is used to achieve the phase difference between the radiator units. Therefore, in the present invention, the lengths of the sixteen coaxial cables are different to achieve beamforming.

[0070] The radiator unit structure of the present invention is a combination of a cone and a cylinder. The combined dipole has a flatter impedance characteristic and a wider impedance bandwidth than a biconical antenna. At the same time, the radiator unit structure has a larger cone angle and a thicker diameter, which broadens the impedance bandwidth of the antenna to a certain extent.

[0071] The end of the first vibrator in the radiator unit of the present invention includes a short-circuit structure, which effectively improves the surface current of the radiator and increases the antenna gain; at the same time, the first vibrator and the second vibrator in the radiator unit contain filling materials. The filling materials can improve the antenna working performance and effectively fix and support the radiator unit by selecting suitable dielectric constant materials.

[0072] The metal support tube of the present invention runs through the entire antenna. On the one hand, it is used to fix the radiator unit, thereby improving the reliability of the antenna structure. Secondly, it is convenient for welding the radiator short-circuit structure and the radiator unit, and at the same time provides a channel for the coaxial cable to avoid placing the cable outside the radiator and interfering with the antenna radiation performance.

[0073] In summary, the present invention greatly improves the antenna gain and realizes beamforming in a simpler way, thereby effectively reducing the antenna blind area and the interference of adjacent areas.

[0074] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. High-gain beamforming anti-interference antenna, characterized by: The invention comprises an antenna cover (11), wherein a power divider (12) is provided at the bottom of the antenna cover (11), and the power divider (12) supports and fixes the bottom of a vertical metal support tube (14); the metal support tube (14) is provided in the antenna cover (11), and a plurality of radiator units (13) are arranged in a coaxial array along the axial direction of the metal support tube (14), and the plurality of radiator units (13) are connected in parallel with the power divider (12) through respective corresponding coaxial cables (15) for feeding; each radiator unit (13) is composed of a first oscillator (21) and a second oscillator (22); a filling material (33) is provided in the metal shells of the first oscillator (21) and the second oscillator (22); wherein the lengths of the coaxial cables (15) are different; The radiator units (13) have sixteen in number, and the sixteen radiator units (13) are fixed to the metal support tube (14) at equal intervals; the interval between the radiator units (13) is 73 to 78 mm; the interval between the first vibrator (21) and the second vibrator (22) is 3 to 8 mm; The metal shells of the first vibrator (21) and the second vibrator (22) are made of copper with a thickness of 0.1 to 0.8 mm; the filling material (33) in the metal shells is a PMI foam material; the dielectric constant ε of the PMI foam material is r =3.0~3.

5.

2. The high-gain beamforming anti-interference antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first vibrator (21) and the second vibrator (22) of the radiator unit (13) are axially symmetrically arranged, and the first vibrator (21) and the second vibrator (22) are respectively composed of an integrally formed cylindrical radiator structure and a gradient cone radiator structure; wherein the cylindrical radiator structure is arranged on the axially outer side, and the gradient cone radiator structure is arranged on the axially inner side; the height of the cylindrical radiator structure is 30 to 40 mm, and the height of the gradient cone radiator structure is 20 to 30 mm; the maximum outer diameter of the radiator unit (13) is 60 to 65 mm; and the outer diameter of the metal support tube (14) is 15 to 23 mm.

3. The high-gain beamforming anti-interference antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: Short-circuit structures are respectively provided at the ends of the first vibrator (21) and the second vibrator (22); the first vibrator (21) and the second vibrator (22) are respectively welded to the metal support tube (14) via their respective short-circuit structures.

4. The high-gain beamforming anti-interference antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coaxial cable (15) passes through the inside of the metal support tube (14) and exits from a side hole (25) provided in the metal support tube (14); the length difference between the coaxial cables (15) corresponding to each two adjacent radiator units (13) is 10 to 100 mm; the coaxial cable (15) comprises a core wire (31) and a metal shielding layer (32); the core wire (31) is connected to a first oscillator (21) of each radiator unit (13); and the metal shielding layer (32) is connected to a second oscillator (22) of each radiator unit (13).

5. The high-gain beamforming anti-interference antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding phase difference between the radiator units (13) is 8° to 24°, the pattern inclination angle is 2° to 5°, and the difference between the main lobe gain and the side lobe gain of the pattern is greater than 10 dB to shape the pattern beam.

6. The high-gain beamforming anti-interference antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna operates in a frequency band of 960 MHz to 1215 MHz.

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