A spray fire protection system and a method for mixing powder fire extinguishing agent with spray water flow

Abstract

The present invention discloses a spray fire-fighting system, which includes a spray nozzle and a powder spray nozzle. The spray nozzle is connected to a fire-fighting water delivery pipeline, and the powder spray nozzle is connected to a powder delivery pipe. The direction of the fire extinguishing agent powder ejected from the powder spray nozzle is configured to mix with the water flow or water mist ejected from the spray nozzle in the air and then fall. This solves the technical bottleneck in the prior art of using sodium polyacrylate resin powder as a fire extinguishing agent, enabling the sodium polyacrylate resin powder to be smoothly and continuously ejected into the fire field of an enclosed space or onto the surface of a building or storage tank without clogging the powder spray port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire-fighting equipment, and particularly to a spray-type suspended fire-fighting system that can mix fire-extinguishing agent powder, especially superabsorbent resin powder, with water mist in the air, and a method for mixing powder fire-extinguishing agent and spray water flow. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, for fire extinguishing and reducing smoke and dust in buildings or specific enclosed spaces, or for fire extinguishing and cooling of storage tanks storing flammable and explosive substances, the method of directly spraying water mist with fixed nozzles is usually adopted. For example, Chinese Patent CN207376690U, as Figure 1 shown, discloses a water supply and drainage system based on high-rise buildings, including a water supply system, a drainage system and a fire-fighting system. The fire-fighting system includes a Fire Pool A, a Fire Pool B arranged above the Fire Pool A, a main fire-fighting water pipe connecting the Fire Pool A and the Fire Pool B, a plurality of fire-fighting branch pipes communicated with the main fire-fighting water pipe, and a plurality of fire sprinklers arranged on the fire-fighting branch pipes; a fire pump is arranged on the main fire-fighting water pipe, and the fire pump is connected with a control system; a booster pump is arranged between the main fire-fighting water pipe and the fire-fighting branch pipes, and the booster pump is connected with the control system. For example, Chinese Patent CN201426931Y, as Figure 2 shown, discloses a fixed fire-fighting cooling water spraying device for fire spraying of storage facilities, including a water supply pipeline and a spraying device. The fixed fire-fighting cooling water spraying device includes a water supply pipeline and a water spraying ring pipe connected to the water supply pipeline and distributed around the storage facilities. The water spraying ring pipe is provided with nozzles. The water supply pipeline is a water supply vertical pipe arranged on the side of the storage facilities, and a plurality of branch pipes are arranged at intervals on the water supply vertical pipe. The water spraying ring pipe is communicated with the water supply vertical pipe through the branch pipes. This fixed fire-fighting cooling water spraying device can efficiently, stably and reliably spray water for cooling, control fire and extinguish fire and provide protection and isolation for flammable and explosive gas, liquid media or operating or storage facilities such as towers, combustible liquid storage tanks, liquefied hydrocarbon storage tanks, oil-immersed transformers, etc. that are prone to fire due to temperature rise.

[0003] However, in the above fixed spraying fire-fighting system, there is only one fire-extinguishing medium. Although water is still the most commonly used fire-extinguishing agent so far, it has the advantages of being cheap and easily available and having no pollution to the environment. However, due to the good fluidity of water, most of the water will be lost after being sprayed into the fire field of the building space, resulting in waste. Moreover, for fires with a large fire area, rapid fire development, easy re-ignition and great difficulty in extinguishment, the fixed spraying system is mainly used to control the spread of fire and reduce the impact of smoke on people, and it is difficult to extinguish the big fire quickly and effectively.

[0004] In addition, there are also spraying systems for spraying mixed fire-extinguishing agents in the prior art. For example, Chinese Patent CN109603056 A, as Figure 3As shown, a fire sprinkler system for a chlor-alkali production plant is disclosed, which includes a fire water pipe. A joint is provided on the fire water pipe, and any one of the above-mentioned automatic feeding structures for sprinkler water is connected at the joint. The branch pipe is connected to an absorbent supply device. The sprinkler water forms a negative pressure through a Venturi tube, generating an adsorption effect in the branch pipe, and the atmospheric pressure automatically presses the liquid material into the inner cavity of the pipe body and mixes it with the sprinkler water.

[0005] However, such mixed sprinkler systems generally use common industrial fire extinguishing agents. Although the fire extinguishing effect has been improved, at present, most fire extinguishing agents will have a greater impact on humans. After inhalation, it may directly or indirectly cause casualties, and its residues cause relatively serious environmental pollution. Moreover, this type of chemical fire extinguishing agent mainly plays a role in extinguishing fires and usually has a very poor effect on fire prevention because the fluidity of water-based fire extinguishing agents is very difficult to control, and it is very difficult to form a stable fire prevention layer on the surface of the object to be protected.

[0006] Super Absorbent Resin (SAR) is a new type of functional polymer material with a water-swellable and three-dimensional network structure containing strong hydrophilic groups such as carboxyl groups and amide groups. It is insoluble in water and organic solvents and has unique properties - strong water absorption and water retention. Synthetic resins that can absorb a large amount of water and swell and can retain the water without flowing out, such as starch-grafted acrylate salts, grafted acrylamide, highly substituted cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose, cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose grafted acrylamide, cross-linked hydroxyethyl cellulose grafted acrylamide polymers, etc., compared with traditional water-absorbing materials such as sponges, cotton, cellulose, and silica gel, super absorbent resins have a large water absorption capacity, can quickly absorb dozens or even thousands of times their own weight of liquid water, and have strong water retention. Even under heating and pressure, they are not easily dehydrated, and at the same time, they also have some characteristics of polymer materials. Due to these characteristics, the research and development of super absorbent resins have developed extremely rapidly and have been widely used in many fields such as agriculture, forestry, horticulture, medical and health, food industry, petrochemical industry, and building materials.

[0007] Super absorbent resins have developed rapidly and there are many types. There are also many classification methods, mainly classified according to raw material sources, hydrophilization methods, types of hydrophilic groups, cross-linking methods, and product forms. The most commonly used classification method is by raw material source, including starch-based super absorbent resins, cellulose-based super absorbent resins, synthetic super absorbent resins, protein-based super absorbent resins, blend and composite super absorbent resins, etc.

[0008] The reason why superabsorbent resins can absorb hundreds or even thousands of times their own mass of water is that they meet two conditions: First, they have hydrophilic groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, amide, and sulfonic acid groups, which makes water absorption possible. Second, they have a three-dimensional network structure and are insoluble in water, which makes water absorption a reality. Superabsorbent resins are three-dimensional network polymers with hydrophilic groups and mild cross-linking. They can absorb a large amount of water and swell, and can retain the water without flowing out. They have the advantages of high water absorption ratio, fast water absorption rate, and strong water retention performance.

[0009] Applying superabsorbent resins, especially the polymer hydrogels of polyacrylic acid-based superabsorbent resins, to the field of fire extinguishing has the following advantages:

[0010] 1. In superabsorbent resins, when the side groups of the polyelectrolyte come into contact with water, they ionize the corresponding anionic hydrophilic groups and cations (mobile ions). The main chain network backbone is all negatively charged anions that cannot move, and the repulsive force between them generates the driving force for network expansion. Although the cations have a certain degree of mobility, due to the attraction and binding of the opposite charges of the network backbone, they exist in the network. In this way, the cation concentration inside the network is greater than that of the cations in the external water, and an osmotic pressure is generated inside and outside the network. In addition, due to the polyelectrolyte itself having groups with very strong hydrophilic ability, water can enter the three-dimensional network in a large amount in a very short time. Under high-temperature conditions, the superabsorbent resin with a large amount of free water fixed has a relatively large heat capacity, and a large amount of heat can be consumed when losing water, forming an effective isolation from the heat source, which is beneficial to the control of the fire situation.

[0011] 2. After the superabsorbent resin absorbs water, it forms an elastic gel, and these gel particles are tightly connected together, and there are no gaps for air to enter. It can isolate the contact between the fire source and air in the hydrogel state, prevent afterglow from reigniting, and protect the objects in the fire field covered by the gel, thus achieving the effect of quickly extinguishing the fire.

[0012] 3. After the superabsorbent resin absorbs water, it forms a gel, which has excellent chemical stability, thermal stability, and compatibility, and has a very high viscosity and good adhesion ability. After being sprayed on a vertical surface, it can cover the object surface without falling, forming a sufficient adhesion thickness, and can effectively improve the fire prevention effectiveness for the unburned objects in the fire field.

[0013] 4. Superabsorbent resins are polymer powders, which are safe in storage, transportation, etc. The storage (airtight to prevent water absorption) stability can reach more than two years, and they are non-toxic; in a strong fire, after losing water by heating, the resin burns into carbon dioxide and water, which is non-toxic to humans and livestock; after the fire is extinguished, the residual resin in the fire field will naturally degrade within a few months, and is non-toxic and pollution-free to humans and the environment, being green and environmentally friendly.

[0014] 5. The superabsorbent resin powder is light in specific gravity and has extremely strong water absorption ability. It can absorb more than 300 times its own weight of water in an extremely short time. The resin powder content in the whole water-absorbing gel is generally between 0.05% and 0.5% of the weight of water, usually about 0.1%. Only a small amount of superabsorbent resin powder is needed to form a large amount of fire-extinguishing gel, which has excellent fire-extinguishing and fire-preventing effects. Moreover, it can continuously absorb water, avoid secondary damage caused by the flow of excess water, and has a water-saving effect.

[0015] 6. The water-absorbing gel is weakly acidic, weakly alkaline or neutral and does not corrode fire-fighting equipment.

[0016] In the prior art, there is a technology of preparing gel for fire extinguishing by using acrylic polymers. For example, Chinese Patent CN107497088A discloses a hydrogel fire extinguishing agent and its implementation method. The use method of the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent is to dissolve the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent in water, stir for no more than 1 minute, and make a solution with a mass concentration of 3 - 5‰, which can be used for fire extinguishing; CN107789085A discloses a new type of polymer gel water-based fire extinguishing agent. When in use, take the new environmentally friendly polymer gel water-based fire extinguishing agent and add it to 600 - 1000 times its mass of water, stir for 3 - 5 minutes, and then a polymer gel can be formed for fire extinguishing; CN207101696U discloses a new type of environmentally friendly fire truck. First, put the materials into the polymer fire extinguishing material storage tank, make the fire extinguishing material enter the fire cannon pipeline, water comes out from the water tank and enters the fire cannon pipeline through the fire pump water inlet, and under the action of the rotating mixing device, the water and the polymer material are fully mixed in the spiral pipeline, and then sent out from the fire water cannon; CN100444912C discloses the application of a superabsorbent resin water-absorbing gel fire extinguishing agent. Mix the synthetic resin sodium polyacrylate with 1000 times of water, and an absorbent gel is formed in half an hour. This gel can be sprayed towards the fire with a water gun. Mix the fine powder of sodium polyacrylate with 1000 times of water and spray them together from the spray gun towards the fire area. In the time period of 15 seconds to 60 seconds, a gel is formed to play a role in extinguishing the fire.

[0017] However, there are significant drawbacks in the usage methods of these superabsorbent resin fire extinguishing agents. Through long-term experiments by the inventor, it is found that after the superabsorbent resin powder absorbs water, it expands rapidly. As the water absorption increases, the viscosity becomes greater and greater until it finally approaches the solidified state. The resin after stirring is very viscous and easily solidifies. It is very difficult to find a suitable way to eject these nearly solid gel-like water-absorbing resins, precisely speaking, to spray them out instead of throwing them in lumps by manpower or machine. Further, during the expansion process of the resin, it will severely block the pipelines of fire-fighting equipment, resulting in the inability to maintain continuous spraying. Even worse, it may cause equipment damage due to poor water flow and blocked pipelines. If the content of the superabsorbent resin powder is blindly reduced, it is difficult to achieve excellent fire extinguishing effects because too little resin content cannot form an effective gel-like resin isolation layer. Therefore, the application scenarios of the above fire extinguishing methods are greatly limited. Especially in the fixed sprinkler fire-fighting system, a large number of pipelines are used, and this premixed fire extinguishing method is completely unworkable.

[0018] In view of this, there is a need in the market for a sprinkler fire-fighting system that can use superabsorbent resin powder and water as fire extinguishing agents without clogging the nozzles, and can continuously and stably spray the mixed gel solution to most positions within the indoor space or on the outer surface of the building, and form a stable fireproof layer on the object surface to play the role of fire extinguishing or fire prevention. Summary of the Invention

[0019] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sprinkler fire-fighting system that can use superabsorbent resin powder and water as fire extinguishing agents without clogging the nozzles, and can continuously and stably spray the mixed gel solution to all positions within the space or on the object surface.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is a sprinkler fire-fighting system, which includes a sprinkler nozzle and a powder spray nozzle arranged above the space or surface that needs fire extinguishing and fire prevention. The sprinkler nozzle is connected to the fire-fighting water pipeline, and the powder spray nozzle is connected to the powder pipeline. The direction of the fire extinguishing agent powder ejected from the powder spray nozzle is configured to be mixed with the water flow or water mist ejected from the sprinkler nozzle in the air.

[0021] Further, the fire extinguishing agent powder is superabsorbent resin powder, especially sodium polyacrylate resin powder.

[0022] Further, a number of sprinkler nozzles form a spraying node at the top. The water flow or water mist ejected from the sprinkler nozzles can cover the area below that needs fire extinguishing or fire prevention treatment.

[0023] Further, a number of powder spray nozzles are arranged directly above the spraying node, in the middle of the node, or above the middle of the node.

[0024] Further, the powder spray nozzle is arranged above and / or on the side of the spray nozzle, and the powder spray nozzle is configured such that the direction of the fire extinguishing agent powder ejected therefrom is mixed with the water flow or water mist ejected from the spray nozzle in the air from above and / or from the side.

[0025] Further, the powder spray nozzle is arranged below the spray nozzle, and a water shield is arranged above the powder spray nozzle, and the powder spraying direction is configured to spray outwards in all directions.

[0026] Further, the fire protection system is installed above and / or on the side above the top of the storage tank, and the spray nozzle is configured such that the water flow or water mist ejected therefrom can basically cover the top and the side wall of the storage tank.

[0027] Further, the direction of the water flow or water mist ejected from the spray nozzle is configured not to directly cover the powder spray nozzle.

[0028] Further, the spray nozzle and the powder spray nozzle are integrally arranged.

[0029] Further, the powder spray pipe is connected to the powder storage tank, and the powder storage tank is connected to the high-pressure gas source; the powder storage tank and the high-pressure gas source can be connected to multiple independent powder spray pipes to protect multiple objects or spaces to be protected.

[0030] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for mixing a powder fire extinguishing agent and a spray water flow. The powder spray nozzle and the spray nozzle are arranged in an indoor space or above the top surface of a building. The fire extinguishing agent powder ejected from the powder spray nozzle is ejected downwards and mixed with the water flow or water mist ejected from the spray nozzle in the air to form a gel-like substance, covering the area below that needs to be fire extinguished or fire-proofed. The powder fire extinguishing agent is a superabsorbent resin powder, especially a sodium polyacrylate resin powder.

[0031] Further, the powder spray nozzle is arranged above, on the side above or on the side of the spray nozzle, and the powder spray nozzle is configured such that the direction of the fire extinguishing agent powder ejected therefrom is mixed with the water flow or water mist ejected from the spray nozzle in the air from above and / or from the side.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] 1. Creatively proposed to add superabsorbent resin powder fire extinguishing agent to the sprinkler system, and the fire extinguishing agent powder is directly sprayed into the water mist or water flow from the outside, including below, side or above, avoiding pipeline blockage. In the prior art, powdered fire extinguishing agents usually need to be fully mixed with water flow to dissolve and achieve the best fire extinguishing effect. Therefore, designers usually think of premixing the fire extinguishing agent powder in the pipeline and then spraying it out, so that the powder and water flow can be better mixed together, and the powder can be transported farther by the power of the water flow without powder leakage. Such fire extinguishing agents are either insoluble in water or soluble in water, but no matter which fire extinguishing agent is used, it will not turn into a high-viscosity gel after adsorbing some water. However, when using superabsorbent resin powder as a fire extinguishing agent, such a mixing method will directly cause the superabsorbent resin powder to expand rapidly after absorbing water and turn into a gel to block the pipeline. Therefore, our company creatively proposed a technical solution to separate the powder spray nozzle from the sprinkler nozzle. This separation design makes the most of the physical properties of superabsorbent resin, especially sodium polyacrylate resin, so that the high water absorption capacity and high water absorption rate no longer become obstacles to using sodium polyacrylate as a fire extinguishing agent, but become an advantage. Experiments have proved that the fire protection system with this structure can work continuously without blockage. In this solution, the powder spray nozzle is mostly set above or on the side above the sprinkler nozzle. The water mist sprayed by the sprinkler nozzle will form a water mist area on its lower side. Then, the resin powder sprayed by the powder spray nozzle is sprayed into or sprinkled into the water mist from above or the side, basically eliminating the possibility of the powder spray nozzle getting wet. On the other hand, the powder spray nozzle can also be set below the sprinkler nozzle, but special attention should be paid to this design to prevent the powder spray nozzle from being directly covered by the sprayed water flow. Therefore, usually a water shield needs to be added, and the nozzle also needs to be designed. The superabsorbent resin powder is preferably sprayed out around rather than directly downward. In that case, the powder will be overly concentrated in some areas, resulting in a decrease in the covering degree of the fire source or the tank body, affecting the fire extinguishing and fire prevention effects. Basically eliminating the chance of the fire extinguishing agent powder directly entering the area near the water spray port, it can maximize the advantages of the superabsorbent resin and reduce its disadvantages.

[0034] 2. It has changed the previous usage mode of using superabsorbent resin as a fire extinguishing agent in the fire protection field. The resin powder and water do not need to be mixed in any enclosed or semi-enclosed space. Instead of being pre-mixed and then used as before, they are directly mixed in the air and can be used immediately upon spraying, greatly improving the fire extinguishing efficiency. There is no need for additional stirring equipment, which is equivalent to not changing the traditional spray fire extinguishing method. Only a set of powder spraying devices is added above or on the side of the spray nozzle, forming a new fire extinguishing method of spraying powder on the sprayed water mist. The water and powder are mixed and absorbed while descending, and sufficient water absorption and mixing are completed within a few seconds when reaching the ignition point. When the water mist reaches the ignition point, the fire extinguishing gel is just formed. In fact, this is also a unique fire extinguishing method using superabsorbent resin such as sodium polyacrylate as a fire extinguishing agent. For general powder fire extinguishing agents, using this fire extinguishing method of the present invention, the mixing degree and mixing effect cannot reach the effects in the prior art at all.

[0035] 3. Besides the traditional fire extinguishing operations, we creatively utilize the property that sodium polyacrylate powder and water can be mixed to produce a gel-like substance, and directly spray this gel-like substance on the surface of buildings or storage tanks, and stack it to form a certain thickness attached to its surface, achieving an excellent effect of isolating the fire source and heat insulation. This is particularly important for our country with a developed heavy industry, because in heavy chemical industries such as petroleum, chemical engineering, and smelting, a large amount of flammable and explosive substances are usually stored, and the storage volume is large and the storage locations are concentrated, which is very likely to cause a severe chain reaction and pose a serious threat to people's lives and property. The spray system of the present invention is installed above each storage tank. Once a fire breaks out, the water flow can be immediately sprayed onto the surface of the storage tank. At the same time, a large amount of sodium polyacrylate powder is sprayed into the water flow, and a large amount of gel is formed in a short time. Finally, an insulating layer with a certain thickness is formed on the surface of the storage tank by using its viscosity, which can ensure that a high temperature of thousands of degrees cannot penetrate the insulating layer. Compared with the current method of spraying foam on the storage tank or directly using water for cooling, the effect is greatly improved, and it can effectively protect the non-fire storage tanks from being ignited by the adjacent fire storage tanks, avoiding the major danger caused by the chain explosion of dangerous chemical storage tanks.

[0036] 4. The powder spray nozzle and the spray nozzle of the present invention are independently arranged or integrally arranged, with a simple structure. Several nozzles can be combined into a whole by using fixing devices, and the positions of the nozzles can be set as needed, enabling full coverage in the space. The position of the powder spray nozzle can also be set flexibly and can be set between the spray nozzles, with good fire extinguishing effect. The installation and disassembly are more convenient and fast, and the maintenance or replacement of components is very simple and easy to operate.

[0037] 5. Low production and transformation costs. According to our solution, the existing top spray fire protection system can continue to be used, and only a powder spraying system is added externally. For the manufacturers of the pipeline powder spraying system, the separate powder spraying system involved in the present invention does not have particularly complex components, and production can be completed without substantial modification of the existing equipment. For users, the existing fire protection system also does not need to be greatly modified. In the case of pursuing cost balance, to achieve the technical effects of the present invention, the original spray nozzles can be directly utilized, and a powder spraying device can be separately installed, greatly reducing the transformation cost. Description of the Drawings

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spray device in the prior art;

[0039] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a spray device in the prior art;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a spray device in the prior art;

[0041] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the fire protection system of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 is a schematic top view structural diagram of an embodiment of the fire protection system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the fire protection system of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the fire protection system of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The following embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0046] Refer to Figures 4 - 7 , the present invention relates to the technical field of fire protection equipment, and provides a spray fire protection system, including spray nozzles 1 and powder spray nozzles 2 arranged above the space or surface that needs to be fire extinguished and fireproofed (including above the top of the indoor space, or the outer surfaces of outdoor buildings, storage tanks, building houses, large production equipment, etc.). The spray nozzles 1 are connected to the fire protection water conveying pipelines 3, and the powder spray nozzles 2 are connected to the powder conveying pipes 6. The direction of the fire extinguishing agent powder ejected from the powder spray nozzles 2 is configured to be mixed with the water flow or water mist ejected from the spray nozzles 1 in the air.

[0047] The inventor has conducted experiments for a relatively long time, mainly focusing on the spray equipment in the prior art. Since there already exists a fixed-top spray fire-fighting equipment in the prior art that sprays out fire extinguishers and water mist together, the development cost is saved and the test cost is very low. However, after a series of tests, a good mixing effect cannot be achieved. The main problem is that in the existing two-phase mixing and spraying fire-fighting equipment, the water spray nozzle and the powder spray nozzle are nested with each other. When spraying water and powder simultaneously, the water and the powder are sprayed out while wrapping each other. Due to the high pressure of the high-pressure water mist, the collision between the water lines is relatively intense, and the splashed water droplets and water mist are very likely to enter the surrounding of the powder spray nozzle. If a highly water-absorbent resin is used instead, the biggest difference compared with the existing powder fire extinguishers is that it is neither soluble in water nor hydrophobic. After encountering water, it rapidly swells and its viscosity rapidly increases to become gel-like, and gradually becomes a solid gel to seal the inner wall around the powder spray nozzle 4, and finally will completely seal the powder spray nozzle 4, resulting in the resin used as the fire extinguisher not being able to be sprayed out.

[0048] To solve this problem, we creatively set the powder spray nozzle 2 independently of the spray water nozzle 1, so that the highly water-absorbent resin powder, especially the sodium polyacrylate resin powder, can be directly sprayed from above the water spray nozzle onto the water flow or water mist that spreads out in all directions. And due to the excellent water absorption rate of the sodium polyacrylate resin powder, it can quickly adsorb the water mist and fly downward towards the fire point along with the water mist. Under the action of compressed gas and gravity, the resin powder will not disperse everywhere, and most of it will be sprayed or fall into the water mist, which can better cope with the problem of unstable air flow in the fire field. If only from the perspective of the mixing of the two substances, the mixing effect of the fire-fighting system of the present invention is not necessarily better than the existing sleeve-type mixing jet system. However, the present invention solves the new problems brought by using the new fire-extinguishing agent powder, and has achieved good technical effects when using the highly water-absorbent resin powder, especially the sodium polyacrylate resin powder as the fire extinguisher, giving full play to the characteristics of the sodium polyacrylate resin powder. Even if the initial mixing is not very good, during the process of the water column reaching the fire point, the sodium polyacrylate will still absorb a large amount of water molecules in the water flow, and will continue to absorb water molecules after attaching to the burning object until it absorbs more than 300-500 times its volume. In comparison, if dry powder is used as the fire extinguisher in the fire-fighting system of the present invention, the mixed fire-extinguishing effect will be much worse than the sleeve-type mixing jet system.

[0049] The powder spray nozzle 2 is arranged above and / or on the side of the spray water nozzle 1, and the powder spray nozzle 2 is configured so that the direction of the fire-extinguishing agent powder ejected is mixed with the water flow or water mist ejected from the spray water nozzle 1 in the air from above and / or the side. Refer to Figure 4It can be seen that the powder spraying nozzle 2 is arranged above or obliquely above the spray nozzle 1. In fact, this is to enable the resin powder ejected from the powder spraying port 4 to be directly sprayed onto the high-pressure water mist liquid surface from above. Usually, the area sprayed by the traditional spray nozzle 1 will cover the entire fire-fighting space area. We need to make a plan for the position of the powder spraying nozzle 2 so that the resin powder ejected from the powder spraying nozzle 2 can be evenly sprayed on the water mist liquid surface below. Of course, this kind of plan is more important when using the traditional spray nozzle because the traditional spray nozzle is characterized by a relatively large water flow rate, but the water pressure is only the pressure of an ordinary water pipe, relying on physical means to make the water flow out in all directions, and the water flow is concentrated in a relatively small area around the spray nozzle. At this time, spraying powder evenly without a purpose will be a bit uneconomical because a large amount of fire extinguishing agent powder will not be able to contact the water flow for a long time, resulting in a delay in the formation of gel substances and affecting the fire extinguishing effect. Therefore, we will design the powder ejected from the powder spraying nozzle 2 to be directly sprayed into the water flow ejected from the spray nozzle 1 from the side. In this case, usually more than 90% of the powder ejected from the powder spraying nozzle 2 enters the water flow ejected from the spray nozzle 1 and forms a gel-like substance during the falling process.

[0050] The fire extinguishing agent powder is sodium polyacrylate resin powder. Through the tests of our company, not all superabsorbent resin powders can achieve the optimal fire extinguishing effect. There are obvious differences in the water absorption mixing and state transformation effects among various superabsorbent resin powders. Spraying the superabsorbent resin powder after absorbing water onto the ignition point will result in different fire extinguishing effects. The indexes such as the water absorption rate, water absorption multiple, viscosity, and density of the sodium polyacrylate resin powder are very compatible with the fire-fighting system and mixing method of the present invention. The conditions for forming a gel state are very easy to achieve, and excellent fire extinguishing effects can be achieved.

[0051] The spray nozzle 1 and the powder spraying nozzle 2 can be separately and independently arranged or integrally arranged. Refer to Figure 4 and 7 , in the separation mode, the powder spraying nozzle 2 is arranged independently of the spray nozzle 1. There is a certain distance in height between the two spray ports, and the spray nozzle 1 is below, and the water flow or water mist it ejects moves downward, which can avoid most of the splashed water droplets from being sprayed onto the powder spraying port 4, solving the problem of gel blocking the powder spraying port. And the separated structure, each independent into a system, is simple to manufacture, simple to maintain, and even simpler to replace components. In the integrated mode (not shown), the powder spraying nozzle 2 is directly arranged directly above the spray nozzle 1 and can form a whole with the spray nozzle 1 through a fixing mechanism. The system structure is very simple, the volume is reduced, the appearance is beautiful, and it is not easy to be damaged during the training, handling, and fire-fighting use of the equipment.

[0052] A number of spray nozzles 1 form a grid or other spray nodes suitable for spraying water flow on the top of a closed space or storage tank. The water flow or water mist ejected by the spray nozzles 1 can cover the area below that needs to be fire extinguished or fire-proofed. In this design, the water spraying direction of the spray nozzles 1 is below the horizontal direction, and at least part of the water mist is ejected around. The arrangement position of the spray nozzles 1 can be determined according to their working conditions. Generally speaking, the water mist or water flow ejected by the spray nozzles 1 spreads around in a roughly circular shape. The grid-shaped spray nodes are the simplest and most direct way to ensure that the entire spraying coverage space is covered. Only through simple calculations can the arrangement of the spray nozzles 1 be completed. Even if there is some overlap in the coverage area between the nozzles, it will not have a significant impact on the spraying effect. At the same time, after the position of the spray nozzles 1 is determined, the position of the powder spray nozzles 2 can be roughly estimated and designed according to the flow diagram of the water mist ejected by the lower spray nozzles 1, so that there is a basic corresponding relationship between the powder spraying amount and the water spraying amount, so as to avoid too little or too much powder spraying in a certain area. Preferably, a number of powder spray nozzles 2 are arranged directly above the spray nodes, in the middle of the nodes or above the middle of the nodes. Refer to Figure 6 , the powder spray nozzles 2 are arranged in the middle of the spray nozzles, refer to Figure 5 , the powder spray nozzles 2 are roughly arranged above the middle of the spray nozzles.

[0053] The powder spray nozzles 2 are arranged below the spray nozzles 1, and a water shield 9 is arranged above the powder spray nozzles 2, and the powder spraying direction is configured to be ejected around. Because the spray nozzles 1 eject water flow or water mist from above the powder spray nozzles 2, and usually in a dispersed manner, and are not deliberately designed to avoid a certain area. Although the powder spray nozzles 2 spray powder downward, the powder spraying port 4 generally will not be continuously wetted by water, but there will still be various factors, and it is inevitable that there will be contact between the water mist and the resin powder near the powder spraying port 4. Once in contact, the resin will quickly absorb water and turn into a gel, thereby blocking the powder spraying port 4. However, if a component that can prevent the water flow from falling near the powder spraying port 4, such as the water shield 9, is set, this problem can be simply solved, with good effect and low cost. Even if the highly water-absorbent resin powder that falls on the water shield absorbs water and turns into a gel, it will not block the powder spraying port 4.

[0054] The spray nozzles 1 are part of a traditional spray fire protection system and are connected to the fire water supply pipeline 3, and can eject high-pressure water flow or water mist to cover all areas in the closed space. Refer to Figure 4 and 5It can be seen that the fire protection system of the present invention can actually be retrofitted from the vast majority of existing fire protection devices. No matter what kind of sprinkler fire protection system it was originally, an integrated or separated powder spraying system can be added to obtain the fire protection system of this patent. This is also a major contribution of the present invention. It is not simply putting two existing devices together, but selecting the best combination and configuration method among existing fire protection devices according to the characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent, separating the powder spraying device from the sleeve-type mixed jet equipment and setting it in the best position, so that when using sodium polyacrylate resin powder as the fire extinguishing agent, its maximum efficiency is exerted and the cost of the whole system is minimized to the greatest extent.

[0055] Reference Figure 4 , the powder spraying pipe 6 is connected to the powder storage tank 7, and the powder storage tank 7 is connected to the high-pressure gas source 8; the powder storage tank 7 and the high-pressure gas source 8 can be connected to multiple independent powder spraying pipes 6 to protect multiple objects or spaces to be protected. The powder spraying nozzle 2 is connected to the powder spraying pipe 6. This is also the configuration of a conventional powder spraying device. Only in one embodiment of the present invention, this part is independently arranged outside the water spraying device, with a simple structure and easy maintenance and disassembly. Of course, directly connecting to other types of powder supply devices will not affect the effect of the present invention. The core is that the fire extinguishing agent sprayed by the powder spraying device can be sprayed from the side and / or above onto the falling water flow liquid surface. As for the specific powder spraying method used, those skilled in the art can choose according to actual needs.

[0056] Reference Figure 6 , which is another embodiment of the present invention. The sprinkler nozzle 1 and the powder spraying nozzle 2 can be arranged in the same plane. This structure is simple to process, the volume can be controlled very small, and the spraying area can be well guaranteed. However, since the distance between the sprinkler nozzle 1 and the powder spraying nozzle 2 is relatively close and there is no height difference, preferably, the direction of the water flow or water mist sprayed by the sprinkler nozzle 1 is configured not to directly cover the powder spraying nozzle 2.

[0057] Reference to the attached Figure 7, the fire protection system is installed above and / or laterally above the top of the storage tank 10, and the spray nozzle 1 is configured such that the water flow or water mist ejected can substantially cover the top and side walls of the storage tank 10. In the fire prevention application of the present invention, the core is that, when the storage tank 10 has not caught fire yet, a large amount of water and sodium polyacrylate powder are sprayed onto the surfaces of the top and side walls of the storage tank together. Since the gel substance generated by the two has very good viscosity, it does not require continuous spraying of water on the surface of the tank body like using water for cooling. Instead, it only takes a few minutes to spray the water flow all over the surface of the tank body. Moreover, the gel layer adhering to the surface of the tank body will isolate all heat outside the tank body, thereby keeping the temperature inside the tank at a low level. In the experiment, after the surface of a furnace with a furnace temperature of 500 degrees was coated with a mixture of water and sodium polyacrylate powder, the temperature outside the heat insulation layer was only less than 40 degrees. It can very well protect the flammable and explosive substances inside the tank, and the wall-hanging effect can last for more than 3 days.

[0058] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for mixing a powder fire extinguishing agent and a spray water flow. The powder spraying nozzle 2 and the spray nozzle 1 are arranged in the upper part of an indoor space or a building. The fire extinguishing agent powder ejected from the powder spraying nozzle 2 is ejected downward and mixed with the water flow or water mist ejected from the spray nozzle 1 in the air. The powder fire extinguishing agent is sodium polyacrylate resin powder.

[0059] The powder spraying nozzle 2 is arranged above, laterally above or laterally to the spray nozzle 1, and the powder spraying nozzle 2 is configured such that the direction of the ejected fire extinguishing agent powder is mixed with the water flow or water mist ejected from the spray nozzle 1 in the air from above and / or the side.

[0060] A number of spray nozzles 1 and powder spraying nozzles 2 form a grid-shaped spraying node below the top of a closed space or above the top of the storage tank. The water flow or water mist ejected from the spray nozzle 1 is mixed with the powder fire extinguishing agent to form a gel-like substance, covering the area below that needs to be fire extinguished or fire protected.

[0061] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: It solves the technical bottleneck in the prior art of using sodium polyacrylate resin powder as a fire extinguishing agent, enabling the sodium polyacrylate resin powder to be smoothly and continuously ejected into the fire field without clogging the water spraying port and the powder spraying port. It proposes a revolutionary fire extinguishing method, breaking the conventional practice that the fire extinguishing agent and water need to be mixed in advance, making it possible for the highly viscous and highly water-absorbent resin powder to become an excellent fire extinguishing agent.

[0062] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sprinkler fire protection system, comprising a sprinkler nozzle (1) and a powder nozzle (2) arranged above a space or surface that needs to be extinguished or fireproofed. The sprinkler nozzle (1) is connected to a fire water supply pipeline (3), and the powder nozzle (2) is connected to a powder delivery pipe (6). The direction of the fire extinguishing agent powder ejected from the powder nozzle (2) is configured to be mixed with the water flow or water mist ejected from the sprinkler nozzle (1) in the air. The fire extinguishing agent powder is a superabsorbent resin powder. A plurality of the sprinkler nozzles (1) form a spraying node at the top. The water flow or water mist ejected from the sprinkler nozzle (1) can basically cover the area below that needs to be extinguished or fireproofed.

2. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the fire extinguishing agent powder is a sodium polyacrylate resin powder.

3. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, a plurality of the powder nozzles (2) are arranged directly above, in the middle or above the middle of the spraying node.

4. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the powder nozzle (2) is arranged above and / or on the side of the sprinkler nozzle (1). The powder nozzle (2) is configured such that the direction of the ejected fire extinguishing agent powder is mixed with the water flow or water mist ejected from the sprinkler nozzle (1) in the air from above and / or the side.

5. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the powder nozzle (2) is arranged below the sprinkler nozzle (1). A water shield (9) is arranged above the powder nozzle (2), and the powder spraying direction is configured to spray outwards in all directions.

6. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the fire protection system is installed above and / or on the side above the top of the storage tank (10), and the sprinkler nozzle (1) is configured such that the ejected water flow or water mist can basically cover the top and side walls of the storage tank (10).

7. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the direction of the water flow or water mist ejected from the sprinkler nozzle (1) is configured not to directly cover the powder nozzle (2).

8. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sprinkler nozzle (1) and the powder nozzle (2) are integrally arranged.

9. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the powder delivery pipe (6) is connected to a powder storage tank (7), and the powder storage tank (7) is connected to a high-pressure gas source (8); the powder storage tank (7) and the high-pressure gas source (8) can be connected to a plurality of independent powder delivery pipes (6) to protect a plurality of objects or spaces to be protected.

10. A method for mixing a powder fire extinguishing agent and a sprinkler water flow, characterized in that, the mixing of the powder fire extinguishing agent and the sprinkler water is realized according to any one of claims 1-9 of the fire protection system. The powder spraying nozzle (2) and the water spraying nozzle (1) are arranged above the indoor space or the top surface of the building. The fire extinguishing agent powder ejected from the powder spraying nozzle (2) is ejected downward and mixed with the water flow or water mist ejected from the water spraying nozzle (1) in the air to form a gel-like substance, covering the area below that needs to be fire extinguished or fire-proofed. The powder fire extinguishing agent is a superabsorbent resin powder.

11. According to the mixing method described in claim 10, characterized in that the powder fire extinguishing agent is a sodium polyacrylate resin powder.

12. According to the mixing method described in claim 11, characterized in that the powder spraying nozzle (2) is arranged above and / or on the side of the water spraying nozzle (1), and the powder spraying nozzle (2) is configured such that the direction of the ejected fire extinguishing agent powder is mixed with the water flow or water mist ejected from the water spraying nozzle (1) in the air from above and / or the side.

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