Return spring body, fixed brake caliper and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fixed brakes, and discloses a return spring body, a fixed brake caliper and a vehicle. The return spring body includes an anchor plate for fixing the return spring body on the caliper body, and a flank plate connected to the edge of the anchor plate. The included angle between the flank plate and the anchor plate is an acute angle. A support unit for supporting the brake pad is arranged on the flank plate. The brake pad can drive the flank plate to move axially and drive the anchor plate to deform and accumulate elastic potential energy by acting on the support unit. The preset axial deformation amount of the return spring body is the preset braking gap. This structure has the advantages of automatic clearance adjustment, low noise, and flat friction surface, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of brakes, and in particular to a return spring body, a fixed brake caliper and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The inventions in WO2020129012A1 and WO2020128946A9 keep the brake pads separated and parallel to the brake disc, but they maintain the same distance between the back plate of the brake pads and the brake disc, which has nothing to do with the wear of the brake pads. Therefore, the gap between the surfaces of the brake disc and the brake pads becomes larger and larger as the wear of the brake pads increases, resulting in a longer stroke before the brake pads come into contact with the surface of the brake disc, and thus increasing the braking delay.

[0003] The invention in DE102017204696A1 is an integral fixed spring. The action of the spring on the outer radial edge of the brake pads results in uneven separation between the brake pads and the brake disc, and sometimes incomplete separation, which determines the residual torque, the unplanned positioning and orientation of the brake pads, and the uneven wear of the brake pads. However, this elastic action mainly on the top of the brake pads tends to make the brake pads themselves not parallel to the braking surface of the brake disc, and not completely face the rear surface or plate surface of the thrust device), resulting in an initial instantaneous settlement of the brake pads every time the braking action starts, and sometimes resulting in a non-optimal settlement of the brake pads with the brake disc or the piston applying the braking thrust.

[0004] The invention of US20080265663A1 is to use a brake pad clip to fix the brake pads on the caliper piston, which means that only special brake pads can be used, and special tools are required to replace the brake pads. At the same time, the anti-lock braking system of the vehicle must also be replaced. Therefore, the complexity of the system is increased, and many components are added, which is not desirable for a safety-critical system like the braking system.

[0005] The invention of US6378665B1 adds a retraction spring to the system, which also increases the complexity of the system, makes it more difficult to replace the brake pads, and there is a risk of improper installation of the spring after the brake pads are replaced. The spring always pushes the piston and the brake pads backward, and the spring force balances the mechanical resistance of this component, which has nothing to do with the wear of the brake pads. Therefore, it creates an excessive gap for the old brake pads.

[0006] The invention of US7086506B2 also adds a special spring to the system, which has a risk of improper assembly when replacing the brake pads, and brake dust will accumulate under the connection surface of the spring, increasing its preload. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a return spring body, a fixed brake caliper and a vehicle.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] The return spring body includes an anchor plate for fixing the return spring body on the caliper body, and a side wing plate connected to the edge of the anchor plate. The angle between the side wing plate and the anchor plate is an acute angle. A support unit for supporting the brake pad is provided on the side wing plate. The brake pad can drive the side wing plate to move axially by acting on the support unit and drive the anchor plate to deform to accumulate elastic potential energy. The preset axial deformation of the return spring body is the preset braking clearance.

[0010] Preferably, the axial deformation of the return spring body is equal to the axial displacement of the connection between the anchor plate and the side wing plate.

[0011] Preferably, the support unit is a ratchet structure, which is composed of a plurality of ratchet units. The ratchet unit includes a support surface for supporting the brake pad. The brake pad can achieve axial synchronous movement with the side wing plate by acting on the ratchet unit.

[0012] Preferably, the ratchet unit is a flexible and variable structure, and the ratchet units are axially arranged to form a ratchet structure, and the allowable movement direction of the ratchet structure is towards the brake disc; the brake pad can only slide from the current ratchet unit to the adjacent ratchet unit close to the brake disc when the axial movement distance required for braking of the brake pad is greater than the preset axial deformation of the return spring body and the axial deformation of the ratchet unit.

[0013] Preferably, the supporting surface is a curved surface, an inclined surface or a flat surface.

[0014] Preferably, an inner baffle plate and an outer baffle plate for limiting the brake pad jaw side and the caliper back side are provided on both sides of the side wing plate.

[0015] Preferably, the return spring body is made of self-lubricating material.

[0016] A fixed caliper, comprising the above-mentioned return spring body, a caliper body, and at least one brake pad consisting of a back plate and a friction pad, wherein the return spring body is fixedly mounted on both the disc inlet side and the disc outlet side of the brake pad;

[0017] The surface of the side wing plate contacts the disc entry side or disc exit side of the back plate to control the axial movement of the brake pad; the support unit is a flexible and deformable structure, the side wing of the back plate is supported on the support unit and can be deformed under the action of the back plate; the back plate drives the axial movement of the side wing plate by contacting the support unit;

[0018] One end of the anchor plate is fixed to the caliper body. The anchor plate is a flexible plate that can be elastically deformed under the drive of the brake pad. The remaining parts of the return spring can realize axial movement through the deformation of the anchor plate.

[0019] The inner side of the wing plate is a flat surface, and the support unit is arranged on the flat surface area. During the process of the brake pad moving towards the brake disc, the back plate wing is pushed towards the brake disc direction through the support unit; during this process, the sum of the force generated by the deformation of the support unit and the frictional force between the wing plate and the back plate is equal to the deformation force of the anchor piece to achieve the preset deformation force of the return spring body, and the sum of the force generated by the deformation of the support unit and the frictional force between the wing plate and the back plate does not exceed the preset deformation force of the anchor piece.

[0020] Preferably, inner baffles and outer baffles for restricting the caliper side and the back side of the brake pad are arranged on both sides of the wing plate. The inner baffle contacts the radial inner edge of the back plate to restrict the radial inward movement of the brake pad; the outer baffle contacts the radial outer edge of the back plate to restrict the outward radial movement of the brake pad.

[0021] A vehicle, equipped with the above-mentioned return spring body and a fixed caliper.

[0022] Through the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0023] The present invention designs a return spring body and its adapted fixed caliper, which have the following technical effects: Regardless of the wear degree of the brake pads, the drag torque of the disc brake is eliminated by maintaining the optimal distance between the brake pads and the brake disc. Moreover, it can keep the friction surface of the brake pads always parallel to the friction surface of the brake pads to promote the uniform wear of the friction material, and can ensure the lubrication of the sliding surface of the back plate of the vehicle brake pads to extend the replacement time of the brake pads. At the same time, it reduces the noise level by ensuring the correct fixation of the brake pads and the damping force within the characteristic vibration excitation range. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the caliper body, the return spring body and the brake pad in cooperation.

[0025] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 The partial enlarged view of.

[0026] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 The exploded view of.

[0027] Figure 4 It is the support schematic diagram of the ratchet unit and the back plate.

[0028] The names of the parts referred to by each numerical label in the attached drawings are as follows: 601 - return spring body, 602 - anchor plate, 603 - side wing plate, 604 - support unit, 605 - deformation amount, 606 - ratchet unit, 607 - support surface, 608 - coiling-in side, 609 - coiling-out side, 610 - inner baffle plate, 611 - outer baffle plate, 612 - back plate, 613 - friction lining block, 614 - pliers body, 615 - insertion side, 616 - back side of the pliers, 617 - piston, 618 - brake pad, 619 - plane, 620 - side wing of the back plate. Specific embodiments

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the attached drawings and embodiments.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] The return spring body 601 as a whole has the ability to recover from elastic deformation. It includes an anchor plate 602 for fixing the return spring body 601 on the pliers body 614. In this embodiment, the anchor plate 602 serves to design the preset deformation amount 605 of the return spring body 601, that is, the anchor plate 602 will not deform when it is deformed to a certain extent of the preset deformation amount 605. And a side wing plate 603 connected to the edge of the anchor plate 602. The included angle between the side wing plate 603 and the anchor plate 602 is an acute angle. In this embodiment, the side wing plate 603 is perpendicular to the brake disc, so the whole anchor plate 602 in the assembled state is inclined towards the brake disc. A support unit 604 for supporting the brake pad 618 is provided on the side wing plate 603. The brake pad 618 can drive the side wing plate 603 to move axially by acting on the support unit 604 and drive the anchor plate 602 to deform and accumulate elastic potential energy. The preset axial deformation amount 605 of the return spring body 601 is the preset braking gap. When the return spring body 601 reaches the maximum deformation amount 605 under the drive of the brake pad 618, that is, the side wing plate 603 axially moves the preset deformation amount 605; the brake pad 618 contacts the brake disc for braking.

[0032] Wherein in this embodiment, the axial deformation amount 605 of the return spring body 601 is equal to the axial displacement at the connection between the anchor plate 602 and the side wing plate 603, that is, this position is the reference position of the preset deformation amount 605. One end of the rivet plate is fixed, and the other end deforms and moves axially under the push of the brake pad 618.

[0033] In this embodiment, the support unit 604 has a ratchet structure. The ratchet unit 606 includes a support surface 607 for contacting the edge of the backplate flank 620 of the brake pad 618 and a sliding surface 621 adjacent to the support surface 607. The sliding surface 621 intersects with the support surface 607 to form an edge, which forms the ratchet structure of the ratchet unit 606. The brake pad 618 can achieve axial synchronous movement with the flank plate 603 by acting on the ratchet unit 606. The ratchet structure can ensure that the brake pad 618 moves relatively in one direction, while it will self-lock and not move relatively in the opposite direction. When the wear amount increases and exceeds the preset clearance amount, the brake pad 618 will slide relatively with the flank plate 603 and fall onto the adjacent support unit 604, thereby shortening the distance between the backplate 612 and the brake disc, shortening the braking clearance, and playing an automatic compensation role. Since the support unit 604 has a ratchet structure, there will be no backward movement between the backplate 612 and the flank plate 603.

[0034] In this embodiment, the ratchet unit 606 has a flexible variable structure. The ratchet units 606 are axially arranged to form a ratchet structure. The allowed movement direction of the ratchet structure is towards the brake disc direction; the brake pad 618 can only slide from the current ratchet unit 606 to the adjacent ratchet unit 606 closer to the brake disc direction when the required axial movement distance for braking the brake pad 618 is greater than the preset axial deformation amount 605 of the return spring body 601 and the axial deformation amount 605 of the ratchet unit 606.

[0035] In this embodiment, the support surface 607 is an arc surface, an inclined surface or a flat surface, and the sliding surface 621 is an arc surface or an inclined surface. The brake pad 618 can slide to the adjacent ratchet unit (606) through the sliding surface under the push of the piston. Among them, the support unit 604 has a flexible variable structure, that is, when the backplate 612 acts on the support unit 604, the support unit 604 can produce a certain adaptive deformation, so as to ensure that the backplate 612 maintains the best angular position relative to the piston 617. At the same time, the frictional force between the backplate 612 and the support unit 604 plays an appropriate damping role, which can prevent all noise problems caused by vibration.

[0036] In this embodiment, inner baffles 610 and outer baffles 611 are provided on both sides of the flank plate 603 to limit the jaw side and the back side 616 of the brake pad 618. The geometric structure of this kind of return spring body 601 can ensure that the movement of the brake pad can be effectively and flexibly restricted in the axial, radial and tangential directions. In this embodiment, the return spring body 601 is made of a self-lubricating material, which plays a role in extending the service life.

[0037] Embodiment 2

[0038] Fixed caliper, including a caliper body 614, and the above-mentioned return spring body 601, at least including a brake pad composed of a back plate 612 and a friction lining 613. The return spring body 601 is fixedly installed on both the disk-in side 608 and the disk-out side 609 of the brake pad; the return spring body 601 is the return spring body 601 of Embodiment 1. Each brake pad 618 is provided with a return spring body 601 on both the disk-in side 608 and the disk-out side 609, which plays a role in balanced support.

[0039] The surface of the flank plate 603 contacts the disk-in side 608 or the disk-out side 609 of the back plate 612 to control the axial movement of the brake pad 618; the support unit 604 is a flexible and deformable structure, and this flexible and deformable structure can adaptively adjust the position of the brake pad 618 to keep the brake pad 618 parallel to the brake disc.

[0040] In this embodiment, the back plate flank 620 is supported on the support unit 604 and can be deformed under the action of the back plate 612; the back plate 612 drives the flank plate 603 to move axially by abutting against the support unit 604;

[0041] One end of the anchor plate 602 is fixed on the caliper body. The anchor plate 602 is a flexible plate and can produce elastic deformation under the drive of the brake pad 618. The remaining components of the return spring can achieve axial movement through the deformation of the anchor plate 602; the preset deformation amount 605 of this embodiment is the distance between the connection of the anchor plate 602 and the flank plate 603 and the fixed plane of the anchor plate 602. Because when the connection end of the anchor plate 602 deforms to a certain extent and abuts against the fixed platform of the anchor plate 602, at this time the anchor plate 602 no longer deforms, so the axial movement distance of the connection end of the anchor plate 602 is the preset deformation amount 605, which has the advantages of simple design and reliable result.

[0042] The inner side surface of the flank plate 603 is a plane, and the support unit 604 is arranged on the plane area 619. During the process of the brake pad 618 moving towards the brake disc, the back plate flank 620 is pushed towards the brake disc direction through the support unit 604; during this process, the sum of the force generated by the deformation of the support unit 604 and the friction force between the flank plate 603 and the back plate 612 is equal to the deformation force of the anchor piece to achieve the preset deformation force of the return spring body 601, and the sum of the force generated by the deformation of the support unit 604 and the friction force between the flank plate 603 and the back plate 612 does not exceed the preset deformation force of the anchor piece. Inner baffles 610 and outer baffles 611 are arranged on both sides of the flank plate 603 to limit the inner side and the back side 616 of the brake pad 618. The inner baffle 610 contacts the radial inner edge of the back plate 612 to limit the radial inward movement of the brake pad 618; the outer baffle 611 contacts the radial outer edge of the back plate 612 to limit the outward radial movement of the brake pad 618. In this embodiment, the radial dimension of the plane is equal to the back plate flank 620, so the radial direction of the back plate 612 is also limited.

[0043] During braking, the brake pad is installed on the brake caliper, making the back plate 612 of the brake pad contact the piston 617. The return spring body 601 is pushed into the space between the caliper body 614 and the back plate flank 620, and the anchor plate 602 of the return spring body 601 is fixed on the caliper. After installation, the brake pad is flexibly positioned by the flank plate 603, the inner baffle 610, and the outer baffle 611. The edge of the back plate 612 is supported on the support unit 604 without deforming the above-mentioned structural components.

[0044] When the vehicle starts to brake, the piston 617 moves axially, pushing the back plate 612 towards the support unit 604. The back plate flank 620 deforms the support unit 604 and simultaneously acts on the anchor piece to deform it. The back plate 612 continuously pushes to deform the return spring body 601 until it reaches the preset deformation amount 605. From this moment on, the deformation force of the return spring body 601 is higher than the sum of the deformation force generated by the support unit 604 and the frictional force between the side plate and the back plate 612. Therefore, the back plate 612 starts to slide relative to the flank plate 603 until the brake pad 618 no longer applies the specified force to the brake disc. However, the return spring does not deform further. When the brake pedal is released, the axial force of the piston 617 stops, and the return spring body 601 pushes the brake pad 618 back to its shape before deformation. The distance that the brake pad is pushed back is exactly the preset deformation amount 605 designed for the return spring body 601, and the support unit 604 can ensure that the back plate 612 is always parallel to the pushing surface of the piston 617.

[0045] When the brake pad 618 wears to a certain extent, during the axial sliding of the back plate 612 relative to the flank plate 603, it can jump from the current ratchet unit 606 to an adjacent ratchet unit 606. The ratchet structure of the ratchet unit 606 can prevent the back plate 612 from returning to the initial ratchet unit 606 during the return process. It is worth mentioning that all or part of the return spring body 601 is made of self-lubricating material, so there is always lubrication between the flank of the back plate 612 and the return spring body 601, as well as between the return spring body 601 and the caliper body 614.

[0046] Embodiment 3

[0047] A vehicle equipped with the fixed caliper of Embodiment 2.

Claims

1. Return spring body, Characterized in that: It includes an anchor plate (602) for fixing the return spring body (601) on the caliper body (614), and a flank plate (603) connected to the edge of the anchor plate (602). The included angle between the flank plate (603) and the anchor plate (602) is an acute angle. A support unit (604) for supporting the brake pad (618) is provided on the flank plate (603). The brake pad (618) can drive the flank plate (603) to move axially by acting on the support unit (604) and drive the anchor plate (602) to deform and accumulate elastic potential energy. The preset axial deformation amount (605) of the return spring body (601) is the preset braking gap; The support unit (604) is a ratchet structure. The support unit (604) is composed of multiple ratchet units (606). The ratchet unit (606) includes a support surface (607) for contacting the edge of the flank (620) of the back plate of the brake pad (618) and a sliding surface (621) adjacent to the support surface (607). The sliding surface (621) and the support surface (607) intersect to form a ridge to form the ratchet structure of the ratchet unit (606). The brake pad (618) can achieve axial synchronous movement with the flank plate (603) by acting on the ratchet unit (606); The ratchet unit (606) is a flexible variable structure. The ratchet units (606) are arranged axially to form a ratchet structure. The allowed movement direction of the ratchet structure is towards the brake disc direction; The brake pad (618) can only slide from the current ratchet unit (606) to the adjacent ratchet unit (606) closer to the brake disc direction when the required axial movement distance for braking of the brake pad (618) is greater than the preset axial deformation amount (605) of the return spring body (601) and the axial deformation amount (605) of the ratchet unit (606); The axial deformation amount (605) of the return spring body (601) is equal to the axial displacement at the connection between the anchor plate (602) and the flank plate (603).

2. The return spring body according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The support surface (607) is an arc surface, an inclined surface or a flat surface, and the sliding surface (621) is an arc surface or an inclined surface. The brake pad (618) can slide to the adjacent ratchet unit ((606) through the sliding surface under the push of the piston.

3. The return spring body according to claim 1, Characterized in that: Inner baffles (610) and outer baffles (611) for restricting the caliper side and the back side of the caliper (616) of the brake pad (618) are provided on both sides of the flank plate (603).

4. The return spring body according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The return spring body (601) is made of a self-lubricating material.

5. A fixed caliper includes a return spring body (601) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, Characterized in that: It includes a caliper body (614), at least one brake pad composed of a back plate (612) and a friction lining (613). Return spring bodies (601) are fixedly installed on both the disc-in side (608) and the disc-out side (609) of the brake pad; The surface of the side wing plate (603) contacts the disk-in side (608) or the disk-out side (609) of the back plate (612) to control the axial movement of the brake pad (618); the support unit (604) is a flexible and deformable structure, and the back plate side wing (620) is supported on the support unit (604) and can be deformed under the action of the back plate (612); the back plate (612) drives the side wing plate (603) to move axially by abutting against the support unit (604). One end of the anchor plate (602) is fixed on the caliper body. The anchor plate (602) is a flexible plate and can generate elastic deformation under the drive of the brake pad (618). The remaining components of the return spring can achieve axial movement through the deformation of the anchor plate (602). The inner side surface of the side wing plate (603) is a plane, and the support unit (604) is arranged on the plane area (619). During the process of the brake pad (618) moving towards the brake disc, the back plate side wing (620) is pushed towards the brake disc direction through the support unit (604); during this process, the sum of the force generated by the deformation of the support unit (604) and the frictional force between the side wing plate (603) and the back plate (612) is equal to the deformation force of the anchor piece to achieve the preset deformation force of the return spring body (601), and the sum of the force generated by the deformation of the support unit (604) and the frictional force between the side wing plate (603) and the back plate (612) does not exceed the preset deformation force of the anchor plate (602).

6. The fixed caliper according to claim 5, wherein: Inner baffles (610) and outer baffles (611) for restricting the jaw side and the back side (616) of the brake pad (618) are arranged on both sides of the side wing plate (603). The inner baffle (610) contacts the radially inner edge of the back plate (612) to restrict the radially inward movement of the brake pad (618); the outer baffle (611) contacts the radially outer edge of the back plate (612) to restrict the outward radial movement of the brake pad (618).

7. A vehicle, wherein: is equipped with the return spring body (601) described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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