A method and system for non-invasively testing red blood cell life span

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for non-invasively testing red blood cell life span, the method comprising: collecting the exhaled breath of a subject and testing to obtain the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration; non-invasively testing the hemoglobin concentration of the subject; using the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration and the hemoglobin concentration to calculate the red blood cell life span of the subject based on a calculation formula. The method and system for non-invasively testing the red blood cell life span of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the testing method of the present invention first non-invasively tests the hemoglobin concentration and the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration of the subject, and then calculates the red blood cell life span of the subject, which can perform both steady-state measurement and dynamic monitoring, thereby achieving a truly completely non-invasive measurement of the red blood cell life span.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of biomedical measurement, and in particular to a method and system for non-invasively testing the life span of red blood cells. Background Art

[0002] Red blood cell life span refers to the survival time of red blood cells in the circulating blood, or the time from the release of red blood cells from the bone marrow to the blood circulation and final destruction. Early red blood cell life span test methods include agglutination method and radionuclide labeling and tracing technology. At the end of the 20th century, the popularization of biotin labeling and flow cytometry technology brought more advanced methods for red blood cell life span determination. The long time consumption is a serious defect of the above-mentioned labeling determination methods, which makes the test only applicable to the steady-state period when the body's red blood cell production and destruction rates are basically equal, and is not applicable during dynamic changes.

[0003] Using the powerful recognition and counting capabilities of flow cytometry, some scholars have recently proposed a method for quickly calculating the life span of red blood cells based on reticulocyte counts. The basic idea is that mature red blood cells are transformed from reticulocytes. The amount of mature reticulocytes in steady state is obviously equal to the amount of death of aging red blood cells. In this way, the ratio of reticulocyte maturation time divided by blood reticulocytes is the life span of red blood cells. This is the fastest method for determining the life span of red blood cells to date. The problem is that it is inappropriate for the algorithm to set the maturation time of reticulocytes as a constant, because there is no evidence that the maturation time of reticulocytes is the same in different individuals and under different conditions. Another problem is that the algorithm does not take into account that the fluctuation of the number of reticulocytes caused by blood loss does not mean that the life span of red blood cells has changed. It can be seen that the reticulocyte count can only be used as a rough estimate of the life span of red blood cells in steady state at best.

[0004] It can be seen that the various existing mature red blood cell lifespan testing methods have various defects, some of which have long testing cycles, some are not accurate enough, and some are traumatic to the human body. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for non-invasively testing the life span of red blood cells in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] A method for non-invasively testing the life span of red blood cells is constructed, the method comprising:

[0008] Collecting the subject's breath and testing the subject's breath to obtain endogenous carbon monoxide concentration;

[0009] Non-invasive testing of the subject's hemoglobin concentration;

[0010] The endogenous carbon monoxide concentration and hemoglobin concentration are used to calculate the red blood cell life span of the subject based on the following calculation formula:

[0011]

[0012] Among them, RBC span represents the red blood cell life span, K is a constant, [Hb] represents the hemoglobin concentration, and endoPco represents the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration.

[0013] Furthermore, the collecting of the subject's exhaled breath includes:

[0014] Before collecting the exhaled breath, pre-collecting the breath of the subject and analyzing the breath to obtain a first threshold and a second threshold of the exhaled carbon dioxide concentration;

[0015] Using the buffer device to start exhaled air collection, testing the carbon dioxide concentration in the exhaled air in real time, and controlling the switch of the gas collection solenoid valve to collect the exhaled air according to the first threshold value, the second threshold value / preset duration, and the carbon dioxide concentration tested in real time;

[0016] When the buffer device is full of exhaled breath, the collection of exhaled breath stops.

[0017] Furthermore, the method of controlling the switch of the gas collecting solenoid valve according to the first threshold, the second threshold / preset duration, and the carbon dioxide concentration tested in real time to collect exhaled air includes: when the carbon dioxide concentration value is higher than the first threshold, opening the gas collecting solenoid valve to allow the exhaled air to enter the cache device; when the carbon dioxide concentration value is lower than the second threshold or the opening time of the gas collecting solenoid valve reaches the preset time, closing the gas collecting solenoid valve to stop the exhaled air from entering the cache device and to be directly discharged into the environment.

[0018] Furthermore, the test subject's exhalation includes:

[0019] The measuring gas chamber is vacuumed once so that the pressure in the measuring gas chamber reaches a set pressure threshold before sampling; or the measuring gas chamber is cleaned once or multiple times, and a vacuum is performed before and after each cleaning so that the pressure in the measuring gas chamber reaches a set pressure threshold before sampling, and the pressure threshold before sampling is less than the atmospheric pressure;

[0020] The air inlet solenoid valve is opened to allow the exhaled air in the buffer device to enter the measuring air chamber due to the negative pressure of the measuring air chamber, and the air inlet solenoid valve is closed until the pressure of the measuring air chamber is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

[0021] Further, the vacuuming process includes: closing the air inlet solenoid valve, opening the air outlet solenoid valve, starting the air pressure control unit connected to the measuring air chamber by an air path to start air extraction, and closing the air outlet solenoid valve and the air pressure control unit when the pressure of the measuring air chamber reaches the pressure threshold before sampling;

[0022] The cleaning comprises: opening the air inlet solenoid valve and closing the air outlet solenoid valve, so that the exhaled air of the buffer device enters the measuring air chamber due to the negative pressure of the measuring air chamber, and when the pressure of the measuring air chamber reaches the pressure threshold after cleaning, closing the air inlet solenoid valve.

[0023] Another aspect of the present invention is to construct a system for non-invasively testing the life span of red blood cells, for executing the method, the system comprising a central processing and control system, a carbon monoxide concentration testing system for collecting the breath of a subject and testing the breath of the subject to obtain the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration, a hemoglobin concentration testing system for non-invasively testing the hemoglobin concentration of the subject, a display module, and a human-computer interaction module;

[0024] The central processing and control system is connected to the carbon monoxide concentration test system, the hemoglobin concentration test system, the display module, and the human-computer interaction module respectively, and is used to calculate the red blood cell life span of the subject using the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration and the hemoglobin concentration and send it to the display module for display.

[0025] Furthermore, the carbon monoxide concentration testing module includes: a measuring gas chamber, a main control unit, an air inlet connected to the measuring gas chamber and provided with an air inlet solenoid valve, an air pump for extracting exhaled air arranged between the air inlet and the gas collection front end, a cache device for caching the collected exhaled air arranged between the air pump and the air inlet, a carbon dioxide sensor for measuring carbon dioxide concentration arranged between the air pump and the cache device, an air collecting solenoid valve arranged at the air collecting port of the cache device, an air outlet connected to the measuring gas chamber and provided with an air outlet solenoid valve, an air pressure control unit connected to the measuring gas chamber by an air path, a light source connected to the measuring gas chamber by an optical path, a photoelectric detector connected to the measuring gas chamber by an optical path and electrically connected to the main control unit, and a pressure sensor connected to the measuring gas chamber by an air path for measuring the pressure inside the measuring gas chamber.

[0026] Furthermore, the gas collection solenoid valve is a three-way solenoid valve. When the gas collection solenoid valve is opened, it connects the gas collection front end and the buffer device. When the air intake solenoid valve is closed, it connects the gas collection front end and the external environment.

[0027] The method and system for non-invasively testing red blood cell lifespan of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the testing method of the present invention first non-invasively tests the hemoglobin concentration and endogenous carbon monoxide concentration of the subject, and then obtains the red blood cell lifespan of the subject by calculation, which can perform both steady-state measurement and dynamic monitoring, thereby achieving truly non-invasive measurement of red blood cell lifespan. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative work:

[0029] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method for non-invasively testing the life span of red blood cells of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the system for non-invasively testing the life span of red blood cells of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the carbon monoxide concentration testing system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Typical embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0033] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] Terms including ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" used in this specification may be used to describe various components, but these components are not limited by these terms. The purpose of using these terms is only to distinguish one component from other components. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be named as the second component, and similarly, the second component may also be named as the first component.

[0036] refer to Figure 1 The general idea of ​​the present invention is to construct a method and system for non-invasively testing the life span of red blood cells. The system is used to implement the method. The method includes:

[0037] S101, collecting the exhaled breath of the subject and testing the exhaled breath of the subject to obtain the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration;

[0038] S102, non-invasive testing of the subject's hemoglobin concentration;

[0039] S103. Calculate the red blood cell life span of the subject using the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration and hemoglobin concentration based on the following calculation formula:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, RBC span represents the red blood cell life span, K is a constant, [Hb] represents the hemoglobin concentration, and endoPco represents the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration.

[0042] There are three sources of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO): heme degradation, non-heme metabolism and exogenous inhalation. 86% of endogenous CO comes from heme degradation, and the CO produced by non-heme metabolism does not exceed 14%. 85% of the heme that produces CO comes from red blood cell degradation, and 15% comes from non-red blood cell heme. Therefore, about 70% of endogenous CO comes from red blood cell degradation. It can be seen that, under the premise of excluding exogenous interference, the CO excretion rate of the lungs can be used to calculate the rate of red blood cell destruction. Regardless of steady state or dynamics, the total amount of hemoglobin in the body divided by the daily hemoglobin decomposition rate is obviously the average life expectancy of red blood cells during the measurement period. Because each of the four peptide chains of hemoglobin contains 1 heme subunit, and each 1mmol of heme degradation can produce 1mmolCO, the equation is converted into the total amount of CO from hemoglobin divided by the daily CO lung excretion, and the formula is expressed as follows:

[0043]

[0044] Among them, RBC spanrepresents the life span of red blood cells, [Hb] represents the hemoglobin concentration (g / L), endoPco represents the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration (ppm), 22400 represents the standard state gas molecular volume (ml), 4 represents 1mmol hemoglobin releases 4mmol CO, 0.7 represents the approximate proportion of hemoglobin renewal in endogenous CO, 64400 represents the molecular weight of hemoglobin, 1440 represents the number of minutes in a day (min), Vb and Vt represent blood volume (ml) and resting alveolar ventilation (ml·min-1), respectively. The size of blood volume (Vb) and resting alveolar ventilation (Vt) is related to the body surface area. If the two are expressed in ml and ml / min, respectively, they are equal in value and can be eliminated in the formula without actual measurement. Therefore, the formula is simplified to:

[0045]

[0046] The unit of 1380 in the formula is ml·d·g-1, which is also K in the calculation formula (1). Although the above formula is established under the condition of steady state, it can be seen from the final simplified formula (2) that it is also applicable in dynamic conditions. As long as the hemoglobin concentration and endogenous CO concentration are measured, the red blood cell life span at the measured time can be calculated according to the formula.

[0047] Based on the above method and system, the present invention can perform both steady-state measurement and dynamic monitoring, thereby achieving truly non-invasive measurement of red blood cell lifespan.

[0048] In order to better understand the above-mentioned technical scheme, the above-mentioned technical scheme will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical scheme of the present application, rather than limitations on the technical scheme of the present application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0049] Embodiment 1

[0050] refer to Figure 1 The non-invasive method for testing the life span of red blood cells in the embodiment of the method of the present invention can be based on Figure 2 For details about the system, see Example 2. The method of this embodiment includes:

[0051] S101, collecting the exhaled breath of the subject and testing the exhaled breath of the subject to obtain the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration;

[0052] S102, non-invasive testing of the subject's hemoglobin concentration;

[0053] S103. Calculate the red blood cell life span of the subject using the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration and hemoglobin concentration based on the following calculation formula:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, RBC span represents the red blood cell life span, K is a constant, [Hb] represents the hemoglobin concentration, and endoPco represents the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration.

[0056] It should be noted that there is no requirement for the order in which steps S101 and S102 are executed. S101 may be executed first, or S102 may be executed first, or they may be executed simultaneously. The non-invasive test of the hemoglobin concentration of the subject in step S102 is implemented using the existing test method. The test of carbon monoxide concentration in step S101 can theoretically also be carried out using the existing test method. This embodiment provides a new test method that can realize the automatic collection of exhaled breath, making the test results more accurate, and is suitable for situations with small exhaled volume.

[0057] Step S101 in this embodiment specifically includes:

[0058] S1011. Before collecting exhaled breath, pre-collect the subject's breath and analyze it to obtain the carbon dioxide threshold;

[0059] It should be noted that the gas collection solenoid valve 12 of this embodiment is a three-way solenoid valve, including one inlet and two outlets. The inlet is connected to the gas path of the gas collection front end 2, and one of the outlets is connected to the external environment, so the external environment channel is formed between it and the inlet; the other outlet is connected to the buffer device 11, and the exhaled air collection channel is formed between the other outlet and the inlet. Normally, the gas collection solenoid valve 12 is closed, that is, the external environment channel is in a normally open state, and the exhaled air collection channel is in a normally closed state.

[0060] There are two main implementation methods for step S1011:

[0061] 1) In one embodiment, the carbon dioxide threshold may include only the first threshold, and analyzing and obtaining the carbon dioxide threshold includes the following steps:

[0062] a. The gas sampling front end 2 takes in air, waits for a period of time, and then sequentially samples N carbon dioxide concentration values ​​and stores them in the first array CO2_CON[] in the sampling order;

[0063] Here, after the air is taken in, we wait for a while before sampling, mainly to ensure the accuracy of the sampling and minimize the impact of the gas previously remaining in the pipeline.

[0064] b. Determine the peak values ​​and trough values ​​in the first array CO2_CON[], and temporarily store the peak values ​​and trough values ​​in chronological order. After all the peak values ​​and trough values ​​are found, sort the peak values ​​according to the rules and store them in the second array, and sort the trough values ​​according to the rules and store them in the third array;

[0065] c. Calculate the average value of all or part of the values ​​of the second array to obtain the average peak value, calculate the average value of all or part of the values ​​of the third array to obtain the average trough value, and subtract the average trough value from the average peak value to obtain the average peak-to-trough difference;

[0066] d. Calculate the first threshold value according to the following formula: CO2Threshold=aveValleyRes+η*finalAvePV, where CO2Threshold represents the first threshold value, finalAvePV represents the average peak-to-valley difference, aveValleyRes represents the average trough value, η is the first threshold coefficient, and the value range of η is 0-1.

[0067] 2) In another embodiment, the carbon dioxide threshold may include a first threshold and a second threshold. In addition to calculating the first threshold according to part 1) above, the carbon dioxide threshold is analyzed and the second threshold is calculated according to the following calculation formula: CO2cutOff=avePeakRes+f*finalAvePV; wherein CO2cutOff represents the second threshold, avePeakRes represents the average peak value, f is the second threshold coefficient, and the value range of f is 0-1.

[0068] S1012, start collecting exhaled air, test the carbon dioxide concentration in the exhaled air in real time, and control the switch of the gas collecting solenoid valve 12 for collecting exhaled air according to the first threshold value, the second threshold value / preset duration, and the carbon dioxide concentration tested in real time, so that the exhaled air that meets the carbon dioxide threshold requirement enters the cache device 11;

[0069] The so-called collection of exhaled air means that the gas is allowed to pass through the buffer device 11. Specifically, opening the gas collection solenoid valve 12 means starting to collect exhaled air. However, in this embodiment, the gas collection solenoid valve 12 is not kept open all the time, but is repeatedly opened and closed to allow only exhaled air that meets the carbon dioxide threshold requirement to enter. Specifically, there are two control strategies:

[0070] 1) Corresponding to the situation mentioned above where the carbon dioxide threshold only includes the first threshold, the specific control strategy is: when the carbon dioxide concentration reaches the first threshold, the external environment channel of the gas collecting solenoid valve 12 is controlled to be closed and the exhaled air collection channel is opened, so that the exhaled air is collected into the measuring air chamber 1; when the external environment channel is closed and the exhaled air collection channel is opened for a preset time, the external environment channel of the gas collecting solenoid valve 12 is controlled to be opened and the exhaled air collection channel is closed, so that the exhaled air is discharged into the external environment.

[0071] 2) Corresponding to the situation mentioned above that the carbon dioxide threshold includes a first threshold and a second threshold, the specific control strategy is: when the carbon dioxide concentration reaches the first threshold, the external environment channel of the gas collecting solenoid valve 12 is controlled to be closed and the exhaled air collection channel is opened, so that the exhaled air is collected into the measuring air chamber 1; when the carbon dioxide concentration reaches the second threshold, the external environment channel of the gas collecting solenoid valve 12 is controlled to be opened and the exhaled air collection channel is closed, so that the exhaled air is discharged into the external environment.

[0072] S1013, when the buffer device 11 is full of exhaled air, the exhaled air is collected in this round, and the air collecting solenoid valve 12 is closed.

[0073] S1014. Perform a vacuum treatment on the measuring gas chamber so that the pressure in the measuring gas chamber reaches the set pressure threshold before sampling; or, perform a vacuum treatment on the measuring gas chamber once or multiple times, and perform a vacuum treatment before and after each cleaning, so that the pressure in the measuring gas chamber reaches the set pressure threshold before sampling, and the pressure threshold before sampling is less than the atmospheric pressure.

[0074] Combination Figure 3 The vacuuming treatment method in this step is: close the air inlet solenoid valve, open the air outlet solenoid valve, start the air pressure control unit 5 which is connected to the measuring air chamber 1 by an air path to start pumping air, and when the pressure of the measuring air chamber 1 reaches the pressure threshold before injection, close the air outlet solenoid valve and the air pressure control unit 5.

[0075] Combination Figure 3 The cleaning process in this step is: open the air inlet solenoid valve, close the air outlet solenoid valve, so that the exhaled air of the cache device 11 enters the measuring air chamber 1 due to the negative pressure of the measuring air chamber 1, and when the pressure of the measuring air chamber 1 reaches the pressure threshold after cleaning, close the air inlet solenoid valve.

[0076] In this embodiment, the pressure threshold after injection and the pressure threshold after cleaning may be the same or different.

[0077] S1015, opening the air intake solenoid valve to allow the exhaled air in the buffer device to enter the measuring air chamber due to the negative pressure of the measuring air chamber, and then closing the air intake solenoid valve when the pressure of the measuring air chamber is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

[0078] Since the measuring air chamber 1 has been evacuated in step 1014, as long as the air inlet solenoid valve is opened, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the measuring air chamber 1 formed by the vacuum will cause the exhaled air in the buffer device 11 connected to the air inlet 3 of the measuring air chamber 1 to enter the test air chamber 1.

[0079] S1016, start measuring, and the photoelectric detector 7 transmits the measuring signal to the main control unit.

[0080] This embodiment first non-invasively tests the hemoglobin concentration and exhaled carbon monoxide concentration of the subject, and then obtains the red blood cell life span of the subject by calculation, which can be used for steady-state measurement and dynamic monitoring, so as to achieve non-invasive measurement of red blood cell life span in a true sense. Moreover, because step S1011 removes the original gas in the measuring chamber 1 to a controllable limit value by vacuum sampling, the influence of the residual gas in the measuring chamber 1 is reduced to a controllable range, thereby overcoming the difficulty of being unable to completely replace the original gas in the measuring chamber 1 due to the small amount of exhaled sample, and overcoming the disadvantage that the measuring chamber 1 needs a long time to clean, and is suitable for exhalation tests with limited gas samples to be tested. Moreover, this embodiment does not directly collect CO, but first analyzes the carbon dioxide threshold. When collecting CO, not all exhaled air is collected, but exhaled air that meets the carbon dioxide threshold is collected, so as to realize automatic collection, and does not require the user to have active exhalation awareness, and is particularly suitable for infants and young children with low cognitive ability and adults with no active awareness or cognitive impairment.

[0081] Embodiment 2

[0082] refer to Figure 2 Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment discloses a system for non-invasively testing the life span of red blood cells, which is used to execute the method described in Example 1. The system includes a central processing and control system 300, a carbon monoxide concentration testing system 100 for collecting the exhaled breath of a subject and testing the exhaled breath of the subject to obtain the carbon monoxide concentration, a hemoglobin concentration testing system 200 for non-invasively testing the hemoglobin concentration of the subject, a display module 500, and a human-computer interaction module 400 for realizing human-computer interaction.

[0083] The central processing and control system 300 is respectively connected to the carbon monoxide concentration testing system 100, the hemoglobin concentration testing system 200, the display module 500, and the human-computer interaction module 400, and is used to calculate the red blood cell life span of the subject using the carbon monoxide concentration and the hemoglobin concentration and send it to the display module 500 for display.

[0084] refer to Figure 3 The carbon monoxide concentration test module includes: a measuring air chamber 1, a main control unit, an air inlet 3 connected to the measuring air chamber 1 and provided with an air inlet solenoid valve, an air pump 10 for extracting exhaled air arranged between the air inlet and the air sampling front end 2, a cache device 11 for caching the collected exhaled air arranged between the air pump 10 and the air inlet, a carbon dioxide sensor 9 for measuring carbon dioxide concentration arranged between the air pump 10 and the cache device 11, an air collecting solenoid valve 12 arranged at the air collecting port of the cache device 11, an air outlet 4 connected to the measuring air chamber 1 and provided with an air outlet solenoid valve, an air pressure control unit 5 connected to the measuring air chamber 1 by an air path, a light source 6 connected to the measuring air chamber 1 by an optical path, a photoelectric detector 7 connected to the measuring air chamber 1 by an optical path and electrically connected to the main control unit, and a pressure sensor 8 connected to the measuring air chamber 1 by an air path for measuring the pressure in the air chamber 1.

[0085] The buffer device 11 may be a piston, an air bag, or an air tank, etc.

[0086] The air pressure control unit 5 includes an air pump or an air cylinder or other pressure control processing equipment or devices that can pressurize or depressurize the measuring air chamber 1. This embodiment mainly utilizes the air pressure control unit 5 to evacuate the air chamber 1.

[0087] It is also mentioned in the embodiment that the air intake solenoid valve is a three-way solenoid valve, which connects the air collection front end 2 and the measuring air chamber 1 when it is opened, and connects the air collection front end 2 and the external environment when it is closed.

[0088] The carbon dioxide sensor 9 and the pressure sensor 8 feed back detection signals to the main control unit, and the air pressure control unit 5, the air inlet solenoid valve, and the air outlet solenoid valve are controlled by the main control unit. The main control unit implements the process control of the method of step S101. The user can give instructions to the main control unit through the human-computer interaction module 400 to notify the main control unit to start step S101, and can also set various control parameters in step S101, such as the waiting time for pre-gas collection mentioned in step S1012, the preset time mentioned in S1013, etc.

[0089] For more details, please refer to the embodiment part, which will not be described here.

[0090] In summary, the method and system for non-invasively testing red blood cell lifespan of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the testing method of the present invention first non-invasively tests the hemoglobin concentration and exhaled carbon monoxide concentration of the subject, and then obtains the red blood cell lifespan of the subject by calculation, which can perform both steady-state measurement and dynamic monitoring, thereby achieving truly non-invasive measurement of red blood cell lifespan.

[0091] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the enlightenment of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the purpose of the present invention and the claims, which all fall within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for non-invasively testing the life span of red blood cells, characterized in that: The method comprises: Collecting the subject's breath and testing the subject's breath to obtain endogenous carbon monoxide concentration; Non-invasive testing of the subject's hemoglobin concentration; The endogenous carbon monoxide concentration and hemoglobin concentration are used to calculate the red blood cell life span of the subject based on the following calculation formula: Among them, RBC span represents the red blood cell life span, K is a constant, [Hb] represents the hemoglobin concentration, and endoPco represents the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration; Wherein, the collection of the exhaled breath of the subject comprises: using a buffer device to start the exhaled breath collection, testing the carbon dioxide concentration in the exhaled breath in real time, opening the gas collection solenoid valve to allow the exhaled breath to enter the buffer device when the carbon dioxide concentration value is higher than a first threshold value, and closing the gas collection solenoid valve to stop the exhaled breath from entering the buffer device and directly discharge it into the environment when the carbon dioxide concentration value is lower than a second threshold value or the opening time of the gas collection solenoid valve reaches a preset time. The first threshold value and the second threshold value are obtained by pre-collecting and analyzing the subject before collecting the exhaled breath; when the buffer device is full of exhaled breath, the exhaled breath collection is stopped; Wherein, the test subject's exhalation comprises: performing a vacuum treatment on the measuring air chamber once so that the pressure in the measuring air chamber reaches a set pressure threshold before sampling; or performing one or more cleanings on the measuring air chamber, and performing a vacuum treatment before and after each cleaning, so that the pressure in the measuring air chamber reaches a set pressure threshold before sampling, and the pressure threshold before sampling is less than atmospheric pressure; opening an air intake solenoid valve so that the exhaled air in the buffer device enters the measuring air chamber due to the negative pressure of the measuring air chamber, and closing the air intake solenoid valve when the pressure of the measuring air chamber is equal to atmospheric pressure; The analysis of the carbon dioxide threshold includes the following steps: The gas sampling front end takes in air, waits for a period of time, and then sequentially samples N carbon dioxide concentration values ​​and stores them in the first array in the sampling order; Determine the peak values ​​and trough values ​​in the first array, and temporarily store the peak values ​​and trough values ​​in chronological order, and after all the peak values ​​and trough values ​​are found, sort the peak values ​​according to the rules and store them in the second array, and sort the trough values ​​according to the rules and store them in the third array; averaging all or part of the values ​​of the second array to obtain an average peak value, averaging all or part of the values ​​of the third array to obtain an average trough value, and subtracting the average trough value from the average peak value to obtain an average peak-to-trough difference; The first threshold is calculated according to the following formula: CO2Threshold=aveValleyRes+η*finalAvePV, where CO2Threshold represents the first threshold, finalAvePV represents the average peak-to-valley difference, aveValleyRes represents the average trough value, η is the first threshold coefficient, and the value range of η is 0-1; The second threshold is calculated according to the following formula: CO2cutOff=avePeakRes+f*finalAvePV; wherein CO2cutOff represents the second threshold, avePeakRes represents the average peak value, and f is the second threshold coefficient, and the value range of f is 0-1.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The vacuuming process includes: closing the air inlet solenoid valve, opening the air outlet solenoid valve, starting the air pressure control unit connected to the measuring air chamber by an air path to start air extraction, and closing the air outlet solenoid valve and the air pressure control unit when the pressure of the measuring air chamber reaches the pressure threshold before sampling; The cleaning comprises: opening the air inlet solenoid valve and closing the air outlet solenoid valve, so that the exhaled air of the buffer device enters the measuring air chamber due to the negative pressure of the measuring air chamber, and when the pressure of the measuring air chamber reaches the pressure threshold after cleaning, closing the air inlet solenoid valve.

3. A system for non-invasively testing the life span of red blood cells, characterized in that: Used to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, the system comprises a central processing and control system, a carbon monoxide concentration test system for collecting the exhaled breath of the subject and testing the exhaled breath of the subject to obtain the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration, a hemoglobin concentration test system for non-invasively testing the hemoglobin concentration of the subject, a display module, and a human-computer interaction module; The central processing and control system is connected to the carbon monoxide concentration test system, the hemoglobin concentration test system, the display module, and the human-computer interaction module respectively, and is used to calculate the red blood cell life span of the subject using the endogenous carbon monoxide concentration and the hemoglobin concentration and send it to the display module for display.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The carbon monoxide concentration test module includes: a measuring gas chamber, a main control unit, an air inlet connected to the measuring gas chamber and provided with an air inlet solenoid valve, an air pump for extracting exhaled air arranged between the air inlet and the gas collection front end, a cache device for caching the collected exhaled air arranged between the air pump and the air inlet, a carbon dioxide sensor for measuring carbon dioxide concentration arranged between the air pump and the cache device, an air collecting solenoid valve arranged at the air collecting port of the cache device, an air outlet connected to the measuring gas chamber and provided with an air outlet solenoid valve, an air pressure control unit connected to the measuring gas chamber by an air path, a light source connected to the measuring gas chamber by an optical path, a photoelectric detector connected to the measuring gas chamber by an optical path and electrically connected to the main control unit, and a pressure sensor connected to the measuring gas chamber by an air path for measuring the pressure in the measuring gas chamber.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The gas collecting solenoid valve is a three-way solenoid valve. When the gas collecting solenoid valve is opened, it connects the gas collecting front end and the buffer device. When the gas intake solenoid valve is closed, it connects the gas collecting front end and the external environment.

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