Intelligent thermoelectric photovoltaic integrated thermal management system

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent thermoelectric photovoltaic integrated heat management system, which comprises, from top to bottom, a light collecting glass, a solar cell panel, a phase change heat storage element, a temperature difference conversion layer, a radiation refrigeration layer, and a light intensity meter, a temperature sensor, an energy storage module and an intelligent control circuit. The heat management system provided by the application combines photovoltaic power generation, phase change heat storage, temperature difference thermoelectric conversion and radiation refrigeration, thereby improving the power generation efficiency and realizing all-weather power output of the solar power generation module. In addition, the solar cell panel can work in an optimal working temperature range through sensor detection and an intelligent heat management module, thereby prolonging the working life of the solar cell panel, reducing the maintenance cost of the system, solving the problem of low solar power generation efficiency caused by extreme weather and expanding the application area of the ground solar system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the integrated application of photovoltaic power generation, thermoelectric conversion, and intelligent thermal management, and particularly to an intelligent integrated thermoelectric and photovoltaic thermal management system. Background Technology

[0002] Almost all energy on Earth comes directly or indirectly from solar energy. Solar energy is an inexhaustible and clean energy source with advantages such as abundant resources, wide distribution, safety, and high reliability. Currently, the main methods of generating electricity using solar energy are solar photovoltaic power generation and solar thermal power generation. Solar photovoltaic power generation refers to the power generation method that directly converts light energy into electrical energy, including photovoltaic power generation, photochemical power generation, and photo-induction power generation. Solar thermal power generation is the power generation method that converts solar radiation energy into heat energy through devices, and then converts the heat energy into electrical energy, including thermoelectric power generation, alkali metal thermoelectric conversion, and concentrated solar thermal power generation.

[0003] However, the utilization of solar energy is not yet widespread, mainly due to the varying distribution of solar energy across different locations and times, influenced by factors such as day and night, weather, and seasons. This limits the role of solar energy in the overall energy system. Specifically: solar panels can generate electricity during the day when there is sufficient light, but not at night. Although research is underway on solar panels that can operate around the clock, nighttime capacity still falls far short of demand. In winter, snow accumulation on the solar panels prevents sunlight from entering the photovoltaic system, reflecting it before it is converted into electricity, almost completely halting power generation. While the capacity of photovoltaic systems increases significantly in summer, the hot weather causes the solar panels to heat up, reducing power generation efficiency and shortening the lifespan of the battery modules.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need in this field to develop a new type of solar power generation system to solve the problems of low power generation efficiency, discontinuity, and shortened system life caused by the influence of day and night, seasonal climate, etc. in the existing solar power generation system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent integrated thermal power and photovoltaic thermal management system, which can solve the problems of low power generation efficiency, discontinuity, and short service life of existing solar power generation systems due to the influence of day and night, seasonal climate, etc.

[0006] Based on the above, the present invention provides an intelligent integrated thermoelectric and photovoltaic thermal management system, the thermal management system comprising:

[0007] The power generation module includes, from top to bottom, a light-transmitting glass, a solar panel, a phase change heat storage element, a temperature difference conversion layer, and a radiation cooling layer.

[0008] A light intensity meter is installed above the phase change heat storage element;

[0009] A temperature sensor is mounted above and inside the phase change thermal storage element; and,

[0010] Energy storage modules and intelligent control circuits;

[0011] The temperature difference conversion layer is composed of a plurality of first temperature difference conversion devices;

[0012] The intelligent control circuit is connected to the light intensity meter, temperature sensor and energy storage module via wires; the energy storage module is also connected to the first temperature difference conversion device and solar panel via wires.

[0013] Preferably, a thermally conductive medium is provided between the solar panel and the phase change heat storage element, and between the phase change heat storage element and the first temperature difference conversion device; the thermally conductive medium is thermally conductive silicone grease or thermally conductive silicone.

[0014] Preferably, the plurality of first temperature difference conversion devices are evenly distributed, and the spaces between the first temperature difference conversion devices are filled with insulating material.

[0015] Furthermore, the insulation material is one or more of aerogel, high-oxygen silica glass fiber, and rock wool.

[0016] Preferably, the thermal management system further includes a second temperature difference conversion device, which is installed above the phase change thermal storage element and connected to the energy storage module via a wire.

[0017] Preferably, the energy storage module is one or more of the following: supercapacitor, lithium battery pack, and power grid.

[0018] Preferably, the light-transmitting glass is made of a low-reflection, high-transmittance material.

[0019] Preferably, the phase change temperature of the phase change heat storage element is 50℃~80℃.

[0020] Preferably, the solar panel is any one or a combination of silicon solar cells, perovskite solar cells, and gallium arsenide solar cells.

[0021] Preferably, the first and second temperature difference conversion devices are made of bismuth telluride and its alloys.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) The present invention provides an intelligent thermoelectric photovoltaic integrated thermal management system, wherein the power generation module combines photovoltaic power generation, phase change thermal storage, temperature difference thermoelectric conversion and radiation cooling, which not only greatly improves the power generation efficiency, but also realizes all-weather power output of the solar power generation module and solves the problem of solar power generation module failure at night.

[0024] (2) The present invention further uses sensor detection and intelligent thermal management module to enable the solar panel to work within the optimal operating temperature range. On the one hand, this extends the working life of the solar panel and reduces the maintenance cost of the system. On the other hand, it effectively solves the problem of low power generation efficiency of solar system caused by extreme weather and expands the application area of ​​ground solar system.

[0025] (3) This invention has the advantages of compact structure and small footprint. It can be applied to ground solar power generation systems, increasing the power generation time and service life of solar power generation systems, and has good economic and social benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the usage status of the thermal management system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the usage status of the thermal management system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the usage status of the thermal management system in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0030] Attached image labels:

[0031] 1. Light-transmitting glass; 2. Solar panel; 3. Photometer; 4. Temperature sensor; 5. Phase change heat storage element; 6. Thermal conductive medium; 7. Thermal insulation material; 8. Wire; 9. First temperature difference conversion device; 10. Radiative cooling layer; 11. Energy storage system; 12. Intelligent control circuit; 13. Second temperature difference conversion device. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "a number" means at least two, three, etc.

[0034] The term "installation" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between the components; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above" the second feature includes both directly above and diagonally above the second feature.

[0036] The term "from top to bottom" as used in this article refers to the direction from the light-receiving side of the light-transmitting glass panel to the back light-receiving side of the light-transmitting glass panel.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent integrated thermal power and photovoltaic thermal management system, which includes:

[0039] The power generation module includes, from top to bottom, a light-transmitting glass 1, a solar panel 2, a phase change heat storage element 5, a temperature difference conversion layer, and a radiation cooling layer 10;

[0040] The light intensity meter 3 is installed above the phase change heat storage element 5 and is at the same horizontal plane as the solar panel 2;

[0041] Temperature sensor 4 is installed above and inside phase change heat storage element 5;

[0042] And energy storage module 11 and intelligent control circuit 12;

[0043] The temperature difference conversion layer is composed of several first temperature difference conversion devices 9; the intelligent control circuit 12 is connected to the light intensity meter 3, the temperature sensor 4 and the energy storage module 11 via wires 8; the energy storage module 11 is also connected to the first temperature difference conversion devices 9 and the solar panel 2 via wires 8.

[0044] In some embodiments, the system of the present invention further includes one or more second temperature difference conversion devices, which are installed above the phase change thermal storage element and connected to the energy storage module via wires.

[0045] The functions of each device or component in the above system are as follows:

[0046] The phase change heat storage element 5 is used to absorb and store the heat of the solar panel 2, and to release the stored heat.

[0047] The aforementioned temperature conversion layer is used to convert the thermal energy stored in the phase change thermal storage element 5 into electrical energy at night, thereby achieving all-weather power generation;

[0048] The radiation cooling layer 10 is used to radiate the heat from the cold end of the first temperature difference conversion device 9 to the outside at night to cool it, maintain the temperature difference between the two ends of the temperature difference conversion device 9, increase the output power of the temperature difference conversion device 9, and ensure that the system of the present invention can generate electricity normally at night.

[0049] The light intensity meter 3 and temperature sensor 4 are used to detect the light intensity received by the solar panel 2, and the temperature of the solar panel 2 and the phase change heat storage element 5, respectively.

[0050] The intelligent control circuit 12 is equipped with a cooling / heating conversion switch (not shown in the figure). This switch is used to change the connection between the two ends of the first and second temperature difference conversion devices and the positive and negative poles of the energy storage module 11 according to the real-time monitoring of the temperature sensor 4 and the light intensity meter 3, and control the current flowing through the temperature difference conversion devices to achieve the control of heating or cooling of the solar panel 2.

[0051] The energy storage module 11 is used to store the electrical energy generated by the solar panel 2 and the first temperature difference converter 9, and is also used to apply current to the first temperature difference converter 9 and the second temperature difference converter 13 according to the instructions of the intelligent control circuit 12.

[0052] In some embodiments, the present invention further provides a thermally conductive medium 6 between the solar panel 2 and the phase change heat storage element 5, and between the phase change heat storage element 5 and the first temperature difference conversion device 9, for improving heat conduction efficiency; preferably, the thermally conductive medium 6 is thermally conductive grease or thermally conductive silicone.

[0053] In some embodiments, the plurality of first temperature difference conversion devices 9 are evenly distributed, and the spaces between the first temperature difference conversion devices 9 are filled with heat insulation material 7 to maintain the temperature gradient between the hot end and the cold end of the first temperature difference conversion device 9, thereby achieving the function of thermoelectric power generation.

[0054] Furthermore, the insulation material 7 is one or more of aerogel, high-oxygen silica glass fiber, and rock wool.

[0055] In some embodiments, the energy storage module 11 is one or more of a supercapacitor, a lithium battery pack, and a power grid.

[0056] In some embodiments, the light-transmitting glass 1 is made of a material with low reflectivity and high light transmittance.

[0057] In some embodiments, the phase change temperature of the phase change heat storage element 5 is 50°C to 80°C.

[0058] In some embodiments, the solar panel 2 is one or more of silicon solar cells, perovskite solar cells, and gallium arsenide solar cells.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first temperature difference conversion device 9 and the second temperature difference conversion device 13 are made of bismuth telluride and its alloys.

[0060] See appendix Figure 2 The working principle of the power generation module in this invention is as follows: During the day, the solar panel 2 receives solar radiation through the light-transmitting glass 1 and converts it into electrical energy to supply the energy storage module 11; at the same time, the heat generated during the power generation process is used to heat the hot end of the phase change heat storage element 5 and the first temperature difference conversion device 9 in the temperature difference conversion layer. The cold end of the first temperature difference conversion device 9 is cooled by the radiative cooling effect of the radiative cooling layer 10. Thus, a temperature difference is formed between the two ends of the first temperature difference conversion device 9 to generate electrical energy to supply the energy storage module 11; at night, the heat energy stored in the phase change heat storage element 5 is converted and released to heat the hot end of the first temperature difference conversion device 9, and the radiative cooling layer 10 simultaneously lowers the temperature of the cold end, so that this invention can continue to discharge at night.

[0061] Referring to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, the application method of the intelligent integrated thermal power and photovoltaic thermal management system provided by the present invention under different climatic conditions is as follows:

[0062] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. The wires 8 in the figures only represent electrical connections between different devices, and the arrows on the wires 8 only represent the current flow relationship between different devices. In actual implementation, the number of wires, connection methods, and locations can be changed according to requirements.

[0063] The term "normal range" refers to the temperature range and light intensity range in which the power generation module operates normally. This range varies depending on the materials used in the components and the region where the system is applied. In practice, different numerical ranges can be set according to actual needs.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown, when the weather is clear, the detection values ​​of the light intensity meter 3 and the temperature sensor 4 are within the normal range. The intelligent control circuit 12 determines that the power generation module is in a normal state and no operation is required on the power generation module.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] like Figure 3As shown, during hot weather, the light intensity is sufficient, and the detection value of the light intensity meter 3 is within the normal range, while the detection value of the temperature sensor 4 is higher than the normal range. Therefore, the intelligent control circuit 12 determines that the power generation module is in an overheated state.

[0068] Therefore, through on-site operation or remote control via the Internet of Things, the energy storage system 11 applies current to the first temperature difference conversion device 9 and the second temperature difference conversion device 13. The current direction is from the cold end of the P-type coupler to the hot end of the P-type coupler, and then from the hot end of the N-type coupler to the cold end of the N-type coupler, thereby achieving active cooling and reducing the operating temperature of the power generation module until the parameters of the temperature sensor 4 are within the normal range, so that the solar panel 2 operates within the optimal operating temperature range, ultimately achieving the purpose of extending the service life of the power generation module and improving power generation efficiency.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, in low-temperature icy and snowy weather, the snow on the light-transmitting glass prevents light from entering the power generation module. The detection values ​​of the light intensity meter 3 and the temperature sensor 4 are significantly lower than the normal range. Therefore, the intelligent control circuit 12 determines that the power generation module is covered by ice and snow or has frost on its surface.

[0071] Therefore, through on-site operation or remote control via the Internet of Things, the energy storage system 11 applies current to the first temperature difference conversion device 9 and the second temperature difference conversion device 13. The current direction is from the cold end of the N-type thermocouple to the hot end of the N-type thermocouple, and then from the hot end of the P-type thermocouple to the cold end of the P-type thermocouple, thereby achieving active heating and helping to increase the temperature of the power generation module until the parameters of the light intensity meter 3 and the temperature sensor 4 are within the normal range, so as to achieve the purpose of defrosting and snow melting, and ultimately improve the solar energy utilization rate and power generation efficiency.

[0072] In summary, the intelligent thermoelectric photovoltaic integrated thermal management system provided by this invention, by combining photovoltaic power generation, phase change thermal storage, thermoelectric conversion, and radiative cooling, not only improves power generation efficiency but also enables all-weather power output from the solar power generation module. Furthermore, through sensor detection and an intelligent thermal management module, the solar panels operate within their optimal operating temperature range. This extends the service life of the panels, reduces system maintenance costs, and effectively solves the problem of low power generation efficiency caused by extreme weather, thus expanding the application area of ​​ground-mounted solar systems.

[0073] Although the present invention has been described in detail through the preferred embodiments above, it should be understood that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. Various modifications and substitutions to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent thermoelectric photovoltaic integrated thermal management system, characterized in that, The thermal management system comprises: A power generation module, which comprises, from top to bottom, a light-transmitting glass, a solar panel, a phase change heat storage element, a temperature difference conversion layer, and a radiation refrigeration layer; A light intensity meter installed above the phase change heat storage element; A temperature sensor installed above and inside the phase change heat storage element; and an energy storage module and an intelligent control circuit; The temperature difference conversion layer comprises a plurality of first temperature difference conversion devices. The thermal management system further comprises a second temperature difference conversion device installed above the phase change heat storage element and connected to the energy storage module through a wire. The intelligent control circuit is connected to the light intensity meter, the temperature sensor, and the energy storage module through wires, and the energy storage module is further connected to the first temperature difference conversion devices and the solar panel through wires. The intelligent control circuit is provided with a refrigeration / heat conversion switch, which is used to change the connection mode between the two ends of the first and second temperature difference conversion devices and the positive and negative poles of the energy storage module, control the current flowing through the temperature difference conversion devices, and control the heating or cooling of the solar panel according to the real-time monitoring of the temperature sensor and the light intensity meter.

2. The intelligent thermophotovoltaic integrated thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, A heat-conducting medium is arranged between the solar panel and the phase change heat storage element, and between the phase change heat storage element and the first temperature difference conversion devices.

3. The intelligent thermophotovoltaic integrated thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The heat-conducting medium is heat-conducting silicone grease or heat-conducting silicone gel.

4. The intelligent thermophotovoltaic integrated thermal management system of claim 3, wherein, The plurality of first temperature difference conversion devices are uniformly distributed and filled with heat insulation materials between them.

5. The intelligent thermophotovoltaic integrated thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The heat insulation material is any one or a combination of aerogel, high-oxygen silica glass fiber, and rock wool.

6. The intelligent thermophotovoltaic integrated thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The energy storage module is a combination of one or more of supercapacitors, lithium batteries, and power grids.

7. The intelligent thermophotovoltaic integrated thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The light-transmitting glass is made of a low-reflection high-transmittance material.

8. The intelligent thermophotovoltaic integrated thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The phase change temperature of the phase change heat storage element is 50-80°C.

9. The intelligent thermophotovoltaic integrated thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The solar panel is a combination of one or more of silicon solar cells, perovskite solar cells, and gallium arsenide solar cells. The materials of the first and second temperature difference conversion devices are bismuth telluride and its alloys.

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