A distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing device, and the device includes: a transmitting component, a computer, and a plurality of receiving components; the transmitting component is configured to transmit a current signal of a set magnitude to the ground where the area to be measured is located, and record the current signal in real time; the receiving component is configured to collect the voltage signal and the apparent polarization rate of the ground where the area to be measured is located, and record the voltage signal and the apparent polarization rate in real time; the computer is configured to obtain the current signal, the voltage signal, and the apparent polarization rate, and respectively process the current signal and the voltage signal to obtain the apparent resistivity of the area to be measured, so as to subsequently analyze the polarization property and conductivity of the area to be measured according to the apparent polarization rate and the apparent resistivity. By providing one transmitting component and a plurality of receiving components, the present invention improves the efficiency of data acquisition and the richness of data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seismic exploration and data acquisition, and particularly to a distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing device and method. Background Art

[0002] The induced polarization method is based on the difference in the induced polarization effects of rock ores and groundwater. It uses an artificial source for excitation and observes the changes in the polarization rate and apparent resistivity of the underground medium with a certain electrode spacing device form, so as to solve geological problems such as resources and minerals. As one of the oldest and most mature methods in geophysical exploration, the conventional polarization method plays an important role in the exploration of shallow water resources and mineral resources. Especially for metal ores containing sulfides, it has remarkable effects. The conventional induced polarization method measurement is usually used for survey measurement, and the obtained is the direct measurement result on the surface of a region. However, when conducting underground sounding measurement, the effect is poor and the efficiency is low.

[0003] The distributed acquisition method originated in the seismic exploration industry. After decades of development, it is now very mature. This distributed multi-channel data acquisition method has increased the seismic exploration data volume by thousands of times. The progress in data acquisition and data interpretation automation has also improved the efficiency and accuracy of seismic exploration. Therefore, adopting a multi-channel distributed data acquisition method similar to that in seismic exploration can greatly increase the data acquisition density and exploration resolution in electrical prospecting. However, the application of the distributed acquisition method in electrical prospecting is relatively few. Neither the acquisition technology nor the supporting software is mature, and no unified technical standard has been formed. It lags behind the application in the seismic exploration industry by about 20 years, but has the potential for rapid growth.

[0004] In recent years, with the increasingly high-precision requirements for electrical prospecting, distributed three-dimensional electrical prospecting has also received more and more attention. Its main idea is to use a multi-channel distributed method to record the electric field distribution information of the underground three-dimensional space as much as possible, and then use three-dimensional forward simulation and inversion calculation for data processing and interpretation, so as to improve the resolution rate of electrical prospecting software. The so-called distributed means that the acquisition stations do not need to be connected by cables, adopt the GPS synchronization method, automatically record signals, and calculate the relationship between transmission and reception through post-processing. The multi-channel acquisition method of distributed electrical prospecting mainly consists of a large-scale network-deployed distributed acquisition station, which not only avoids the capacitive coupling problem caused by the use of a large number of cables, but also has a flexible deployment method, can quickly collect data and eliminate noise. However, the traditional electrical detection method is mainly used for shallow mineral resource exploration, and the data acquisition method is relatively single and the efficiency is low. Among them, the data acquisition equipment includes a set of transmitting devices and a set of receiving devices. Each time a measurement is made, the position of the receiving device needs to be changed to achieve measurements at different measurement points, and only a set of data at the current measurement point can be measured each time. If you want to obtain data at different measurement points, you need to continuously change the position of the receiving device. Therefore, it is impossible to efficiently obtain rich measurement information. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing device and method, which can improve the efficiency of data acquisition and obtain rich data.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing device, the device includes: a transmitting component, a computer and a plurality of receiving components;

[0008] The transmitting component is used to transmit a current signal of a set size to the ground where the area to be measured is located, and record the current signal in real time;

[0009] The receiving component is used to collect the voltage signal and apparent polarization rate of the ground where the area to be measured is located, and record the voltage signal and the apparent polarization rate in real time;

[0010] The computer is used to obtain the current signal, the voltage signal and the apparent polarization rate, and process the current signal and the voltage signal respectively to obtain the apparent resistivity of the area to be measured, so as to analyze the polarization and conductivity of the area to be measured according to the apparent polarization rate and the apparent resistivity subsequently.

[0011] Optionally, the transmitting component includes: a transmitter, a current recorder and at least two transmitting electrodes;

[0012] The transmitter is used to transmit a current signal of a set size;

[0013] The transmitting electrodes are respectively connected to the transmitter and the ground, and are used for transmitting the current signal to the ground;

[0014] The current recorder is respectively connected to each of the transmitting electrodes, and is used for recording the current signal transmitted by the transmitter in real time.

[0015] Optionally, the receiving component includes: a voltage recorder and at least three receiving electrodes;

[0016] The receiving electrodes are connected to the ground and are used for collecting the voltage signals flowing through the ground;

[0017] The voltage recorder is respectively connected to each of the receiving electrodes, and is used for collecting the voltage signals and apparent polarization rates of the ground where the area to be measured is located, and recording the voltage signals and the apparent polarization rates.

[0018] Optionally, when the number of the receiving electrodes is three, the three receiving electrodes are distributed in an L shape.

[0019] Optionally, both the transmitting component and the receiving component are provided with GPS locators.

[0020] To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing method. The method is based on the above device, and the method includes:

[0021] Obtaining the current signal of the area to be measured; the current signal is a current signal with a set magnitude transmitted by the transmitting component to the ground where the area to be measured is located;

[0022] Obtaining the voltage signal and apparent polarization rate of the area to be measured; the voltage signal is the voltage signal of the ground where the area to be measured is located collected by the receiving component;

[0023] Processing the current signal and the voltage signal respectively to obtain the apparent resistivity of the area to be measured.

[0024] Optionally, the method further includes: analyzing the polarization and conductivity of the area to be measured according to the apparent polarization rate and the apparent resistivity.

[0025] Optionally, the processing the current signal and the voltage signal respectively to obtain the apparent resistivity of the area to be measured specifically includes:

[0026] Using fullwave viewer software to read the current signal and the voltage signal, and performing time matching on the current signal and the voltage signal to obtain time-matched current data and time-matched voltage data;

[0027] The position labels of each receiving electrode corresponding to the voltage data with time matching are converted by ProsysⅡ software to obtain the actual coordinates of each receiving electrode;

[0028] Based on the current data with time matching, the voltage data with time matching, the actual coordinates of each receiving electrode, and the actual coordinates of each transmitting electrode, the apparent resistivity is calculated.

[0029] Optionally, the formula for calculating the apparent resistivity P s is as follows:

[0030]

[0031]

[0032] where A and B represent the transmitting electrodes, M and N represent the receiving electrodes, AM represents the distance between the transmitting electrode A and the receiving electrode M, AN represents the distance between the transmitting electrode A and the receiving electrode N, BN represents the distance between the transmitting electrode B and the receiving electrode N, BM represents the distance between the transmitting electrode B and the receiving electrode M, π represents the pi, V represents the measured potential difference, I represents the value of the transmitting current, and K represents a dimensionless coefficient related to the positions of the transmitting and receiving electrodes.

[0033] Optionally, the analyzing the polarization and conductivity of the area to be measured according to the apparent polarizability and the apparent resistivity specifically includes:

[0034] Using three-dimensional inversion software, the actual coordinates of each receiving electrode, the actual coordinates of each transmitting electrode, the apparent resistivity, and the apparent polarizability are inversely processed to obtain three-dimensional distribution data; the three-dimensional distribution data is used to reflect the polarization and conductivity underground in the area to be measured;

[0035] Using three-dimensional slicing technology or spatial contour mapping method to perform visualization processing on the three-dimensional distribution data to obtain a three-dimensional slice map of the apparent polarizability, an isogram of the apparent polarizability, a three-dimensional slice map of the apparent resistivity, and an isogram of the apparent resistivity.

[0036] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0037] The present invention provides a distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing device and method. The device includes: a transmitting component, a computer, and multiple receiving components; the transmitting component is configured to transmit a current signal of a set magnitude to the ground where the area to be measured is located and record the current signal in real time; the receiving components are configured to collect the voltage signal and apparent polarization rate of the ground where the area to be measured is located and record the voltage signal and apparent polarization rate in real time; the computer is configured to obtain the current signal, the voltage signal, and the apparent polarization rate, and respectively process the current signal and the voltage signal to obtain the apparent resistivity of the area to be measured, so as to subsequently analyze the polarization property and conductivity of the area to be measured based on the apparent polarization rate and the apparent resistivity. By providing one transmitting component and multiple receiving components, the present invention improves the efficiency of data acquisition and the richness of data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the electrode arrangement of the distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing method of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional slice.

[0043] Symbol Description:

[0044] Transmitting component - 1, transmitter - 11, current recorder - 12, transmitting electrode 13, generator - 14; computer - 2, receiving component - 3, voltage recorder - 31, receiving electrode - 32. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0045] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] The object of the present invention is to provide a distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing device and method, which can improve the efficiency of data acquisition and obtain rich data.

[0047] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing device, which includes: a transmitting component 1, a computer 2, and multiple receiving components 3.

[0049] The transmitting component 1 is used to transmit a current signal of a set size to the ground where the area to be measured is located and record the current signal in real time.

[0050] The receiving component 3 is used to collect the voltage signal and apparent polarization rate of the ground where the area to be measured is located and record the voltage signal and the apparent polarization rate in real time.

[0051] The computer 3 is used to obtain the current signal, the voltage signal, and the apparent polarization rate, and process the current signal and the voltage signal respectively to obtain the apparent resistivity of the area to be measured, so as to analyze the polarization and conductivity of the area to be measured according to the apparent polarization rate and the apparent resistivity subsequently.

[0052] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the transmitting component 1 includes: a transmitter 11, a current recorder 12, and at least two transmitting electrodes 13.

[0053] The transmitter 11 is used to transmit a current signal of a set size.

[0054] The transmitting electrodes 13 are respectively connected to the transmitter 11 and the earth, and are used to transmit the current signal to the earth.

[0055] The current recorder 12 is respectively connected to each of the transmitting electrodes and is used to record the current signal transmitted by the transmitter 11 in real time.

[0056] Further, the transmitting component 1 further includes: a generator 14, which is respectively connected to the transmitter 11 and the current recorder 12 and is used to supply power to the transmitter 11 and the current recorder 12.

[0057] Further, the transmitter 11 is connected to the transmitting electrode 13 through a transmitting cable.

[0058] Specifically, the transmitting electrode 13 can be arranged at any position within the area to be measured. During measurement, only the coordinate position of the specific transmitting electrode 13 needs to be recorded. The transmitter 11 is responsible for providing a specified transmitting current, and the current recorder 12 records the full-wave current time series data, and can continuously record the current data transmitted by the transmitter 11 in an unattended manner. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the current recorder 12 is connected in series with the transmitting cable, and the maximum current that can be recorded is 25 A. The transmitter 11 can be arranged at a position relatively close to the generator 14, or can be arranged at a position relatively close to any transmitting electrode 13. As Figure 2 shown, the dark dots represent the transmitting electrodes 13. For better detection effect, the transmitting electrodes can be evenly arranged inside and outside the area to be measured.

[0059] Specifically, the receiving assembly 3 includes: a voltage recorder 31 and at least three receiving electrodes 32.

[0060] The receiving electrode 32 is connected to the ground and is used to collect the voltage signal flowing through the ground.

[0061] The voltage recorder 31 is respectively connected to each of the receiving electrodes 32 and is used to collect the voltage signal and apparent polarization rate of the ground where the area to be measured is located, and record the voltage signal and the apparent polarization rate.

[0062] Further, the receiving electrode 32 and the voltage recorder 31 are connected by a connecting cable.

[0063] Preferably, when the number of the receiving electrodes 32 is three, the three receiving electrodes are distributed in an L shape. As Figure 2 shown, the light dots represent the receiving electrodes. The 3 receiving electrodes are arranged in an L shape, with every 3 as a group, forming 2 independent acquisition channels. Among them, the two receiving electrodes located at the endpoints of the L shape are used to collect the full-wave electric field data in two directions. The electrode located at the corner of the L shape is a common electrode. The potential difference between each receiving electrode at the endpoint and the common electrode is the voltage signal to be measured, and the voltage recorder is used to collect this voltage signal. In practical applications, the 2 channels of each voltage recorder can be in any direction. The receiving electrodes arranged in an L shape can measure the data of 2 orthogonal components simultaneously, while the same-direction arrangement can strengthen the data in one direction to achieve the sounding effect. The arrangement in other directions can be for different specific detection purposes, which is not limited here. No matter which arrangement method, only the coordinate position of each receiving electrode needs to be recorded.

[0064] Further, multiple receiving assemblies cover the area to be measured, and the multiple receiving assemblies can be arranged in any observation form. Only the specific electrode coordinate positions need to be recorded. The specific number of voltage recorders can be determined according to the observation purpose, which is not limited here.

[0065] Furthermore, both the transmitting component 1 and the receiving component 3 are provided with GPS locators. Specifically, both the voltage recorder 31 and the current recorder 12 are equipped with GPS locators for time matching of the voltage data and the current data.

[0066] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, during each measurement, the transmitting component 1 provides a current signal of a set size, and all the voltage recorders 31 receive the measured voltage signals. During the measurement work in the same survey area, only the position of the transmitting electrode 13 needs to be changed during each measurement, and the position of the voltage recorder 31 does not need to be moved, so that the sounding effect at different positions can be achieved. Moreover, multiple sets of acquisition data can be obtained from multiple receiving components during each measurement, improving the efficiency and richness of data acquisition. Each time the position of the transmitting electrode 13 is changed, the transmitting component needs to be turned off. Therefore, the current recorder 12 only records the data when current is being transmitted, while the voltage recorder 31 is not turned off and records the data for the entire measurement period.

[0067] To achieve the above object, as Figure 3 shown, the present invention also provides a distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing method. The method is based on the above-mentioned device, and the method includes the following steps:

[0068] S1: Obtain the current signal of the area to be measured; the current signal is a current signal of a set size transmitted by the transmitting component to the ground where the area to be measured is located.

[0069] S2: Obtain the voltage signal and the apparent polarization rate of the area to be measured; the voltage signal is the voltage signal of the ground where the area to be measured is located collected by the receiving component.

[0070] S3: Process the current signal and the voltage signal respectively to obtain the apparent resistivity of the area to be measured.

[0071] Furthermore, the method further includes step S4: Analyze the polarization and conductivity of the area to be measured according to the apparent polarization rate and the apparent resistivity.

[0072] Specifically, step S3 specifically includes:

[0073] Use fullwave viewer software to read the current signal and the voltage signal, and perform time matching on the current signal and the voltage signal to obtain time-matched current data and time-matched voltage data. Among them, the current recorder 12 and the voltage recorder 31 respectively record the collected current data and voltage data. These two types of data are recorded independently and are not related to each other. It is necessary to use the fullwave viewer software to read these two types of original data respectively, and then perform time matching and calculation for correlation.

[0074] The position labels of each receiving electrode corresponding to the voltage data with time matching are converted by ProsysⅡ software to obtain the actual coordinates of each receiving electrode. In the recording of the voltage recorder 31, for convenience, only the position labels of the receiving electrodes are recorded instead of the true spatial coordinates. A coordinate conversion file needs to be made to import the actual coordinate position values into the data file according to the position labels in the voltage recorder, so as to obtain the data of the corresponding measuring points of different voltage recorders.

[0075] Based on the current data with time matching, the voltage data with time matching, the actual coordinates of each receiving electrode, and the actual coordinates of each transmitting electrode, the apparent resistivity is calculated.

[0076] Specifically, calculate the apparent resistivity P s The specific formula is:

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] Among them, A and B represent the transmitting electrodes, M and N represent the receiving electrodes, AM represents the distance between the transmitting electrode A and the receiving electrode M, AN represents the distance between the transmitting electrode A and the receiving electrode N, BN represents the distance between the transmitting electrode B and the receiving electrode N, BM represents the distance between the transmitting electrode B and the receiving electrode M, π represents the pi, V represents the measured potential difference, I represents the transmitted current value, and K represents a dimensionless coefficient related to the positions of the transmitting and receiving electrodes. Among them, the measured potential difference V is measured by the voltage recorder, and the transmitted current value I is measured by the current recorder.

[0080] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the electrode arrangement modes of each electrode, the X, Y, and Z coordinates of the electrodes A, B, M, and N, the deviation difference, the natural potential, the primary potential, and the measurement period are also recorded.

[0081] Furthermore, in the prior art, the original data formats of different instruments and devices are not the same. For the observation system produced by IRIS Corporation, the fullwave viewer software is required to read and edit the data; while for the data generated by the Horn3D observation system, the rocket software is needed to read and edit it. The present invention designs a data processing program embedded in the rocket software, which can read the data collected by the IRIS observation system and the data collected by the Horn3D observation system and process the collected data, so as to merge and process the original data generated by different observation systems through one software, improving the efficiency and convenience of data processing. In addition, the data processing program designed by the present invention can implement the functions of reading and editing data by the above-mentioned fullwave viewer software, as well as the data processing function of the ProsysⅡ software.

[0082] Furthermore, step S4 specifically includes:

[0083] Using a three-dimensional inversion software, perform inversion processing on the actual coordinates of each receiving electrode, the actual coordinates of each transmitting electrode, the apparent resistivity, and the apparent polarizability to obtain three-dimensional distribution data; the three-dimensional distribution data is used to reflect the polarization and conductivity underground in the area to be measured; the content of the three-dimensional distribution data file is shown in Table 1. Among them, the data content represented by each column is: the X coordinate, Y coordinate, Z coordinate, resistivity, polarizability, and sensitivity of the inversion point. Each row of data represents the relevant information of an inversion point, and the entire data body constitutes the three-dimensional distribution of underground conductivity and polarization.

[0084] Table 1 Content of the three-dimensional distribution data file

[0085] X coordinate Y coordinate Z coordinate Resistivity Polarizability Sensitivity 584851 4941446 0.0000 69.0816 5.31353e+00 7.8971e-07 584694 4941291 0.0000 69.0816 5.31353e+00 7.8971e-07 585163 4941446 0.0000 68.7023 5.30517e+00 1.2899e-06 585475 4941446 0.0000 68.0882 5.29165e+00 1.3741e-06 585788 4941446 0.0000 67.2365 5.27509e+00 1.4933e-06

[0086] Using three-dimensional slicing technology or spatial contour drawing method to perform visualization processing on the three-dimensional distribution data, obtaining a three-dimensional slice map of the apparent polarizability, an isogram of the apparent polarizability, a three-dimensional slice map of the apparent resistivity, and an isogram of the apparent resistivity. Specifically, the three-dimensional distribution data contains all the inversion result data and constitutes a three-dimensional volume distribution. In practical applications, according to the display purpose, it is necessary to divide the data in the three-dimensional data volume into slice maps in a specific direction for analysis. The slice maps can be horizontal, vertical, and horizontal directions, or can be spread along any direction as needed. If the position of the required slice is not the position of the data point, it is necessary to re-grid the data spatially to obtain the required slice data. The three-dimensional slice map is as Figure 4 shown. In addition, an isogram of the apparent resistivity or apparent polarizability in three-dimensional space can also be generated, which is obtained by smoothly connecting the data points with the same value in space. The spatial isogram can determine the distribution and extension of the isosurface in the data body.

[0087] The three-dimensional induced polarization measurement method of the present invention can carry out three-dimensional induced polarization measurement in a large area, obtain rich data, and can obtain the distribution of underground resistivity and polarization rate through three-dimensional inversion, which plays an important role in mineral resource exploration and geological rock mass and structure identification.

[0088] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other.

[0089] In this article, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing device, characterized in that, the device includes: a transmitting component, a computer, and multiple receiving components; the transmitting component is used to transmit a current signal of a set size to the ground where the area to be measured is located, and record the current signal in real time; the receiving component is used to collect the voltage signal and apparent polarization rate of the ground where the area to be measured is located, and record the voltage signal and the apparent polarization rate in real time; the computer is used to obtain the current signal, the voltage signal, and the apparent polarization rate, and process the current signal and the voltage signal respectively to obtain the apparent resistivity of the area to be measured, so as to analyze the polarization and conductivity of the area to be measured according to the apparent polarization rate and the apparent resistivity subsequently; the receiving component includes: a voltage recorder and at least three receiving electrodes; the receiving electrode is connected to the ground and is used to collect the voltage signal flowing through the ground; the voltage recorder is respectively connected to each receiving electrode, and is used to collect the voltage signal and apparent polarization rate of the ground where the area to be measured is located, and record the voltage signal and the apparent polarization rate; when the number of receiving electrodes is three, the three receiving electrodes are distributed in an L shape; the two receiving electrodes at the L-shaped endpoints are used to collect the full-wave type data of the electric field in two directions, the electrode at the L-shaped corner is a common electrode, and the potential difference between each receiving electrode at the endpoint and the common electrode is the voltage signal to be measured.

2. The distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the transmitting component includes: a transmitter, a current recorder, and at least two transmitting electrodes; the transmitter is used to transmit a current signal of a set size; the transmitting electrode is respectively connected to the transmitter and the ground, and is used to transmit the current signal to the ground; the current recorder is respectively connected to each transmitting electrode, and is used to record the current signal transmitted by the transmitter in real time.

3. The distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, both the transmitting component and the receiving component are provided with GPS locators.

4. A distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing method, characterized in that, the method is based on the device according to any one of claims 1-3, and the method includes: obtaining the current signal of the area to be measured; the current signal is the current signal of a set size transmitted by the transmitting component to the ground where the area to be measured is located; obtaining the voltage signal and apparent polarization rate of the area to be measured; the voltage signal is the voltage signal of the ground where the area to be measured is located collected by the receiving component; processing the current signal and the voltage signal respectively to obtain the apparent resistivity of the area to be measured.

5. The distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that, the method further includes: analyzing the polarization and conductivity of the area to be measured according to the apparent polarization rate and the apparent resistivity.

6. The distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that, the processing the current signal and the voltage signal respectively to obtain the apparent resistivity of the area to be measured specifically includes: Read the current signal and the voltage signal by using the fullwave viewer software, and perform time matching on the current signal and the voltage signal to obtain time-matched current data and time-matched voltage data; Convert the position labels of each receiving electrode corresponding to the time-matched voltage data through the ProsysⅡ software to obtain the actual coordinates of each receiving electrode; Calculate the apparent resistivity based on the time-matched current data, the time-matched voltage data, the actual coordinates of each receiving electrode, and the actual coordinates of each transmitting electrode.

7. The distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Calculate the apparent resistivity P s The specific formula is as follows: wherein, A and B represent the transmitting electrodes, M and N represent the receiving electrodes, AM represents the distance between the transmitting electrode A and the receiving electrode M, AN represents the distance between the transmitting electrode A and the receiving electrode N, BN represents the distance between the transmitting electrode B and the receiving electrode N, BM represents the distance between the transmitting electrode B and the receiving electrode M, π represents the pi, V represents the measured potential difference, I represents the value of the transmitted current, and K represents a dimensionless coefficient related to the positions of the transmitting electrode and the receiving electrode.

8. The distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Analyzing the polarization and conductivity of the area to be measured according to the apparent polarization rate and the apparent resistivity specifically includes: Using three-dimensional inversion software to perform inversion processing on the actual coordinates of each receiving electrode, the actual coordinates of each transmitting electrode, the apparent resistivity, and the apparent polarization rate to obtain three-dimensional distribution data; the three-dimensional distribution data is used to reflect the polarization and conductivity underground in the area to be measured; Performing visualization processing on the three-dimensional distribution data by using three-dimensional slicing technology or spatial isoline drawing method to obtain a three-dimensional slice map of the apparent polarization rate, an isoline map of the apparent polarization rate, a three-dimensional slice map of the apparent resistivity, and an isoline map of the apparent resistivity.

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