Transport system

Abstract

The proposed Yunitsky transport system relates to the field of transport, more particularly to a guide rail transport system with a cable track structure. The invention can be used to create single-track and multi-track paths for the transport of passengers and goods. The invention comprises at least one guide rail cable (4) stretched above a foundation (1) and in a span (2) between supports (3), said guide rail cable comprising a load-bearing member (5), said load-bearing member comprising a longitudinally prestressed load-bearing element (6) embedded to a given depth in an adhesive layer (7) of said load-bearing member and in a loading layer (8) cooperating with said adhesive layer (7), said loading layer having a running surface (K) for a self-propelled mobile unit (9). By means of the "shellless" design of said load-bearing member (5), the transport system allows a significant increase in the specific load-bearing capacity of the guide rail structure, as well as a reduction in the costs of constructing a transport route due to reduced material consumption and labor requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of transportation, in particular to a guide rail transportation system with a cable track structure, which can be used to develop both single-track and multi-track routes to provide transportation for passengers and goods in rough terrain, mountainous areas, desert conditions, as well as in large cities and in the maritime section of transportation routes. Background Art

[0002] A suspended transport system is known, which comprises a running track and a vehicle in the form of a body. The running track is made in the form of a double track track which is located on a longitudinal beam mounted on an inner bracket (cantilever) of an intermediate support. The system is equipped with a drive unit in the form of a running vehicle with an electric motor mounted thereon and a body on pneumatic stabilizers [1].

[0003] The disadvantages of this transport system are the increased material strength of its design, due to the very limited load-bearing capacity of the track beams, as well as the difficulties in transporting large-span structures to the installation site, the difficulty in installing them on site with difficult terrain, and the limited possibility of using them to bridge large spans between adjacent intermediate supports.

[0004] A guide rail is also known, which comprises two supporting elements and a longitudinal element, which are connected by a transverse element, the transverse element being equipped with side plates connecting the supporting elements to the longitudinal elements, the longitudinal elements also being made in the form of plates, wherein a part of the transverse element can be connected to the supporting elements and another part can be connected to the longitudinal elements and the supporting elements [2].

[0005] A disadvantage of this solution is that the known transport system has a bulky, metal-intensive structure of the guide rail track structure, which requires very small spans between the intermediate supports of the overpass to ensure its reliability. Although a guide rail of such a profile has structural rigidity, increasing the spans between the supports leads (provided reliability is maintained) to an excessive increase in the material strength of the guide rail track structure and to a reduction in its specific carrying capacity. At the same time, the conditions for transporting and installing the structural elements to the construction site (installation site) are very complicated.

[0006] A transport system consisting of a supporting monorail and a transport module is known, wherein the supporting monorail is uniformly supported on piles and sleepers in the ground through module-tetrahedrons and has a starting slide and a terminal reverse slope; and its transport module is a platform with two cabs on four central double-flange wheels and four side support rollers, with a self-centering flywheel-gyroscope, on which the main body - cab, fuel tank, container, vehicle-mounted platform, platform with shelves can be installed to transport various goods. Alternatively, in another embodiment of such a transport system, it consists of a suspended monorail and a transport module, wherein the suspended monorail is an I-beam and also has a starting slide and a terminal reverse slope, and the I-beam is suspended from a bracket along the edge of the module-tetrahedron to two longitudinal load-bearing ropes tightened by transverse tension rods. In this variant, the transport module is made suspended [3].

[0007] The disadvantage of such a solution is that the transport system mentioned possesses a low specific carrying capacity. Since the specific carrying capacity is understood as the ratio of the weight of the useful load to the dead weight of its track structure, this leads in this case to a significant increase in the costs of the transport system, which also means that there are obstacles during the transportation of the components of the track structure to the installation site and during the assembly under on-site conditions, and the possibility of bridging large spans between adjacent intermediate supports using a track of a particular structure is limited.

[0008] A common disadvantage of these known transport systems is the low specific carrying capacity of their track structures, resulting in a significant increase in the cost of the entire transport system, which generally provides for the design of track structures in the form of heavy and bulky beams of long-span structures, which are very difficult and expensive to transport and install under real site conditions with complex terrain.

[0009] Furthermore, the presence of joints in the guide rails and the temperature deformations of the guide rails of such transport systems do not allow a "velvety smooth" path for the vehicles to be achieved, which means that it is impossible to achieve high speeds on this type of track structure and to ensure high reliability of transport.

[0010] The development and creation of the Yunitski transport system based on a cable track structure, which is based on the use of guide rails as the main structural element with load-bearing cable-rod sections pre-tensioned in the longitudinal direction, resulted in further development of the structure of suspended and overpass transport systems.

[0011] Yunitski transport systems are known, which include at least one track structure, which is tensioned above the foundation in the form of load-bearing elements in the span between supports, the load-bearing elements being mounted in a body with rolling surfaces for the movement of wheeled vehicles (mobile transport means) mounted on the track structure [4]. In the above-mentioned installation, the cross-sectional areas of the load-bearing elements and the guide body with rolling surfaces are optimized, and the tension of the track structure and the load-bearing elements of the structure, the sag height of the track structure between adjacent supports and the height of the supports are calculated to be justified.

[0012] However, this known transport system has excessive material strength and therefore increased costs, as well as low technical effectiveness and therefore high labor input.

[0013] Cable-type Yunitski transport systems are also known, which comprise at least one guide cable, tensioned above the foundation in the span between anchored supports, in the form of a load-bearing element, which is incorporated into a body with rolling surfaces for the self-powered mobile unit. The load-bearing elements of the load-bearing structure are thus connected to each other and to the body via fillers throughout the system (entire volume). There is a transition section of the track on the supports, and the guide cable in the span between the supports is made with a drooping offset with a certain slope, while the transition section of the track on the supports is made with the same slope as the section of the suspended section of the track in the span between the supports, which is combined with the transition section [5].

[0014] This rail structure has increased material strength and labor intensity, and thus has increased cost and disadvantageous technical properties.

[0015] In transport systems with guide rail track structures associated with suspended and overpass roads, Yunitski transport system guide rails are known, which include a tubular hollow body with a covering head, inside which there is a load-bearing member made of pre-tensioned load-bearing elements, mainly wires and / or ropes distributed along the cross section of the guide rail, and the wall of the body is closed. Various variations of the distribution of the ropes along the guide rail cross section and the optimal ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the guide rail body and the ropes are possible. Therefore, the body is made in the form of a spiral surrounding the load-bearing member, and the covering head is fixed to the turns of the spiral. The space between the body and the load-bearing member is filled with a filler [6]. The method for manufacturing a guide rail of such a Yunitski track structure is that the load-bearing member is formed by the load-bearing element and is used as a mandrel during the manufacture of the guide rail body, and when manufacturing the guide rail body, the load-bearing member is placed in the guide rail body by laying a normal winding made of high-strength wire or tape on the surface of the load-bearing member.

[0016] A transport system with such a guide cable ensures high manufacturability. However, the material strength of the track structure obtained by the method is still too high.

[0017] The Yunitski transport system [7], which is considered to be a prototype, seems to be the closest in terms of the claimed technical essence and the achieved results. It comprises at least one guide cable tensioned above the foundation in the span between supports, said at least one guide cable in the form of a load-bearing structure comprising load-bearing elements pre-tensioned in the longitudinal direction, said load-bearing elements being embedded in an adhesive layer of said load-bearing structure and being encased in a hollow body with rolling surfaces for the movement of a wheeled self-powered mobile unit mounted on said track structure.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the guide rail cable is equipped with a hollow body, which serves as a housing for the load-bearing member. The hollow body is thus provided with a rolling surface for the wheeled self-powered mobile unit, and the load-bearing member placed in the hollow body is made in the form of a load-bearing element pre-tensioned in the longitudinal direction, which is embedded in an adhesive layer. The load-bearing member and the hollow body in which it is placed are joined by the adhesive layer.

[0019] Transport systems with this type of track structure offer high specific carrying capacity, but the material strength and manufacturability of the guide rail cable design are still not fully optimized.

[0020] It would be desirable to simplify the construction of the guide rail cables.

[0021] The purpose of the present invention is to achieve the following technical goals:

[0022] - Improve the specific carrying capacity of the track structure;

[0023] - simplify the handling of the components of the track structure and their installation under real conditions;

[0024] - Reduce material strength and labor intensity, thereby improving the manufacturability of the track structure. Summary of the invention

[0025] The achievement of these technical objectives is ensured by a whole set of distinctive features of an embodiment of the proposed transport system, namely, according to a first variant of the invention, in a Yunitski transport system, the transport system comprises at least one guide cable, which is tensioned above the foundation in the span between the supports, the at least one guide cable being in the form of a load-bearing member, the load-bearing member comprising a separate load-bearing element prestressed in the longitudinal direction, which is embedded (concreted) in an adhesive layer of the load-bearing member; and a loading layer combined with the adhesive layer, the loading layer having a rolling surface for the self-powered moving unit, wherein the load-bearing member is made bodyless, while the loading layer with the rolling surface is fastened directly to the adhesive layer of the load-bearing member, and the separate load-bearing element is embedded in the adhesive layer to a depth h from the rolling surface. 1 , m, and a depth h to a surface opposite to the rolling surface 2 , m, these two depths are defined by the following ratio:

[0026] 0.2≤h 1 / S 1 ≤2,

[0027] 0.1≤h 2 / S 1 ≤1,

[0028] Among them, S 1 , m, is the height of the individual load-bearing elements of the load-bearing member,

[0029] The ratio of the width A,m, of the load-bearing member to its height H,m, is within the following limits:

[0030] 2≤А / Н≤20,

[0031] and the width B of the individual load-bearing elements 1 , m, is defined by the following relationship:

[0032] 0.5≤B 1 / A≤0.99.

[0033] The above result is also achieved due to the fact that according to a second variant of the invention, in a Yunitski transport system, the transport system comprises at least one guide cable, which is tensioned above the foundation in the span between the supports, the at least one guide cable being in the form of a load-bearing member, the load-bearing member comprising a stack of at least two longitudinally pretensioned discrete load-bearing elements, the discrete load-bearing elements being embedded in an adhesive layer of the load-bearing member; and a loading layer combined with the adhesive layer, the loading layer having a rolling surface for the self-powered moving unit, wherein the load-bearing member is made bodyless and the loading layer with the rolling surface is fastened directly to the adhesive layer of the load-bearing member, wherein the discrete load-bearing elements are embedded in the adhesive layer to a depth h from the rolling surface. 1 , m, and a depth h to a surface opposite to the rolling surface 2 , m, these two depths are defined by the following ratio:

[0034] 0.2≤h 1 / S 2 ≤2,

[0035] 0.1≤h 2 / S 2 ≤1,

[0036] Among them, S 2 , m, is the height of the individual load-bearing elements in the stack of load-bearing members,

[0037] Wherein, the ratio of the width A,m, of the load-bearing member to its height H,m, is within the following limits:

[0038] 2≤A / H≤20,

[0039] And the gap δ,m, between adjacent discrete load-bearing elements is defined by the following relationship:

[0040] 0≤δ / S 2 ≤5,

[0041] The total width B of the stack of discrete support elements is 2 , m, including the gap δ,m between them, is defined by the following relationship:

[0042] 0.55≤B 2 / A≤0.99.

[0043] The above result is also achieved due to the following fact: according to the third variant of the invention, in the Yunitski transport system, the transport system includes at least one guide cable, which is tensioned above the foundation in the span between the supports, and the at least one guide cable is in the form of a load-bearing member, which includes a plurality of longitudinally pre-tensioned load-bearing elements, which are embedded in an adhesive layer of the load-bearing member; and a loading layer combined with the adhesive layer, the loading layer having a rolling surface for the self-powered moving unit, wherein the load-bearing member is made bodyless and the loading layer with the rolling surface is directly fastened to the adhesive layer of the load-bearing member; wherein the load-bearing member is made in the form of a stack or a combination of multiple stacks of one or more individual load-bearing elements and / or discrete load-bearing elements (distributed along the height of the load-bearing member), and the load-bearing elements are embedded in the adhesive layer to a depth h from the rolling surface. 1 , m, and a depth h to a surface opposite to the rolling surface 2 , m, these two depths are defined by the following ratio:

[0044] 0.2≤h 1 / S 3 ≤2,

[0045] 0.1≤h 2 / S 3 ≤1,

[0046] Among them, S 3 ,m, is the total height of a single load-bearing element and / or a stack or stacks of discrete load-bearing elements in the load-bearing structure, including the distances L,m between them,

[0047] Wherein, the ratio of the width A,m, of the load-bearing element to its height H,m, is within the following limits:

[0048] 2≤А / Н≤20,

[0049] And the distance L,m between the horizontal planes of adjacent individual load-bearing elements and / or a stack or stacks of discrete load-bearing elements does not exceed the height of the smallest load-bearing element of the load-bearing structure.

[0050] Since the adhesive layer of the load-bearing member can be made of a hardened material based on a polymer-adhesive composite material, the technical purpose according to any one of the three variants of the present invention is also ensured.

[0051] Since polyetheretherketone (PEEK), or polyurethane, or polyurea, or a combination thereof is used as the polymer binder composite material, it is also ensured that the technical objectives according to any of the three variants of the invention are successfully solved.

[0052] Since the cross-section of the supporting element is made in the form of a disc, and / or an ellipse, and / or a square, and / or a rectangle, and / or a rhombus, and / or a triangle, and / or a trapezoid, and / or a polygon, the technical purpose of any of the three variants of the present invention is also ensured.

[0053] Since the load-bearing element is made in the form of a wire, and / or a twisted or untwisted rope, cable, and / or strand, and / or cord, and / or rod, and / or strip, and / or belt, and / or tube, the technical objectives of any of the three variants of the present invention are also successfully achieved.

[0054] According to any one of the above three variants of the proposed technical solution, the design of the guide rail cable helps to increase the specific carrying capacity of the track structure and the workability of the manufacturing process of the entire transportation system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] The essence of the present invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, namely Figure 1-13 It is shown that the accompanying drawings present the following:

[0056] Figure 1 It is a layout image of the general diagram of the Yunitski transport system, i.e., a front view;

[0057] Figure 2 is a layout image of a cross section of a guide rail cable with individual load-bearing elements in the form of strips (embodiment);

[0058] Figure 3 is a layout image of a cross section of a guide rail cable with individual load-bearing elements in the form of an ellipse (embodiment);

[0059] Figure 4 is a layout image of a cross section of a guide rail rope with a stack of discrete load-bearing elements having a circular cross section (embodiment);

[0060] Figure 5 is a layout image of a cross section of a guide rail cable with a stack of separate load-bearing elements in the form of cables (embodiment);

[0061] Figure 6 is a layout image of a cross section of a guide rail rope with a stack of discrete load-bearing elements having a triangular cross section (embodiment);

[0062] Figure 7 is a layout image of a cross section of a guide rail rope with a stack of discrete load-bearing elements positioned with minimal clearance (embodiment);

[0063] Figure 8is a layout image of a cross section of a guide rail rope with a combined construction of load-bearing members in the form of individual load-bearing elements and stacks of discrete load-bearing elements (embodiment);

[0064] Fig. 9 is a layout image of a cross section of a guide rail rope with a combined construction of load-bearing members in the form of two stacks of discrete load-bearing elements with a square cross section (embodiment);

[0065] Fig.10 is a layout image of a cross section of a guide rail rope with a combined construction of load-bearing members in the form of two stacks of separate load-bearing elements in the form of cables (embodiment);

[0066] Fig.11 is a layout image of a cross section of a guide rail rope with a combined construction of load-bearing members in the form of two stacks of discrete load-bearing elements of different shapes (embodiment);

[0067] Fig.12 is a layout image of a cross section of a guide rail rope with a combined construction of load-bearing members in the form of three stacks of discrete load-bearing elements with circular cross-section (embodiment);

[0068] Fig.13 is a layout image of a cross section of a guide rail rope with a combined construction of a load-bearing member in the form of two separate load-bearing elements separated at the height of the load-bearing member by a stack of discrete load-bearing elements with a circular cross section (embodiment).

[0069] Location on the map:

[0070] 1- Foundation;

[0071] 2-span between supports;

[0072] 3-Supporting parts of the track structure;

[0073] 4-Guide rope;

[0074] 5-Pre-tensioned load-bearing members;

[0075] 6- a stack of discrete load-bearing elements of a load-bearing structure;

[0076] 6.1- Individual load-bearing elements of load-bearing structures;

[0077] 6.2-Separate load-bearing elements of the load-bearing structure;

[0078] 7- Adhesive layer of the load-bearing member;

[0079] 8- loading layer combined with adhesive layer;

[0080] 9- Automatic powered moving unit.

[0081] K-rolling surface;

[0082] A, m, - width of the load-bearing member;

[0083] B 1 , m, - width of individual load-bearing elements of the load-bearing structure;

[0084] B 2 , m, - the total width of the stack of individual load-bearing elements of the load-bearing structure, including the gaps between them;

[0085] H, m, - height of the load-bearing member;

[0086] d, m, - width of the discrete load-bearing element;

[0087] h 1 , m, - width of the adhesive layer from the rolling surface to the horizontal plane of the carrier element;

[0088] h 2 , m, - the width of the adhesive layer from the horizontal plane of the load-bearing element to the surface of the load-bearing member opposite to the rolling surface;

[0089] S 1 ,m,-height of individual load-bearing elements;

[0090] S 2 , m, - height of the discrete load-bearing element in the stack;

[0091] S 3 ,m,-the total height of a single load-bearing element and / or a stack or stacks of discrete load-bearing elements, including the distances L,m between them;

[0092] S min , m, - the height of the smallest load-bearing element included in the load-bearing structure;

[0093] L, m, - distance between the horizontal planes of adjacent individual load-bearing elements and / or a stack or stacks of discrete load-bearing elements;

[0094] δ, m, - the gap between adjacent discrete load-bearing elements in the stack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0095] The proposed Yunitski transport system (see Figure 1) with at least one guide cable 4, which is tensioned above the foundation 1 in the span 2 between the supports 3, and which is in the form of a load-bearing member 5, which includes at least one (see Figure 2-13 ) Separate load-bearing elements that are longitudinally pretensioned.

[0096] Depending on the design choice, the carrier element can be implemented as Figure 2 and Figure 3 A separate carrier element 6.1 as shown, or Figure 4-7 The individual support elements 6.2 are shown, which are gathered into a pile 6 (see Figure 4 and Fig.10 ) and are positioned in a line on a horizontal plane. Figure 8-13 An embodiment of a load bearing member 5 is shown in the form of a combination of one or more individual load bearing elements 6 . 1 and / or a stack or a plurality of stacks 6 of discrete load bearing elements 6 . 2 .

[0097] The guideway cable 4 thus comprises a load-bearing element ( 6 . 1 and / or 6 . 2 ) embedded in an adhesive layer 7 of the load-bearing member 5 , and a loading layer 8 bonded to the adhesive layer 7 , with a rolling surface K for the powered moving unit 9 .

[0098] Depending on the nature of the foundation 1, the installation site and the functional settings, the support 3 can have various designs - in the form of a tower, a column with a head, a steel and reinforced concrete column and a frame building and structure equipped with a passenger station and / or a freight terminal, other functional structures or truss structures. The design of the support 3 can vary according to their installation location. In particular, the shape of the head (not shown in the figure) with a device for fastening the load-bearing member 5 installed at the turning point of the track, on the straight section of the track, in the mountainous area or at the end of the track can be different, because the above-mentioned device must be smoothly connected with the suspension section of the guide rail cable 4 in the span 2 between the support members 3. In addition, the shape of the head can be determined by whether they are passenger stations and / or freight terminals, exchange / joining nodes (turnout switches and turning sections) of the transportation system. The support 3 can be combined with buildings and building facilities (not shown in the figure).

[0099] The self-powered mobile units 9 (passengers and / or cargo and / or passenger-cargo) as part of the Yunitski transport system can be implemented as a suspended design (in a suspended position and fastened from below on the wheels of the mobile units 9 to the guide cables 4 of the transport system), such as Figure 1 As shown, or it can be implemented as a mounted design (the wheels of the mobile unit 9 are mounted on the guide rail cable 4, not shown in the figure).

[0100] According to any non-limiting variant of the actual implementation of the proposed transport system, one of its main elements determining the essence of the proposed technical solution is the guide cable 4 of the track structure. According to the proposed technical solution, the main feature of the guide cable 4 is that it is made in the form of a load-bearing member 5, said load-bearing member comprising at least one load-bearing element (6.1 and / or 6.2) prestressed in the longitudinal direction, said load-bearing element being embedded in an adhesive layer 7 of this load-bearing member 5; and a loading layer 8 bonded to said adhesive layer 7, said loading layer having a rolling surface K for an automatic powered moving unit 9 (see Figure 2-13 ), and the load-bearing member 5 does not include an additional body in which the load-bearing member 5 will be located.

[0101] In this case, it is important that the load bearing member 5 is bodyless and the loading layer 8 with the rolling surface K is bonded to and integrally coupled with the adhesive layer 7 of the load bearing member 5 .

[0102] With such a design, the load-bearing member 5 with the rolling surface K associated therewith does not have an additional housing in the form of a body, which is present in the prototype and similar transport systems.

[0103] Compared to known technical solutions, in the proposed transport system, the embodiment of the innovatively modified track structure with the guide rail 4 in the form of a load-bearing member 5 without a body in the form of a housing allows achieving significant advantages due to the reduction of the mass and cross-sectional area of ​​the guide rail 4. In particular, the task is to ensure an increase in the specific carrying capacity of the track structure while reducing the material volume and labor intensity, as well as to ensure the workability of the manufacture of the track structure, for example, because the guide rail 4 of the proposed track structure, made of blanks of various types of load-bearing elements, is delivered to the installation site in the form of bundles and / or rolls.

[0104] According to any one of the three variants of the embodiment of the present invention, the load-bearing element (whose cross section is in Figure 2-13 ), longitudinally prestressed load-bearing elements in the form of wires, and / or twisted or untwisted ropes, and / or strands, and / or cables, and / or rods, and / or strips, and / or belts, and / or tubes may be used, said longitudinally prestressed load-bearing elements being made of any durable material such as fiberglass or steel to ensure the reliability, efficiency, cost-effectiveness and processability of such load-bearing elements.

[0105] The load-bearing element pretensioned in the longitudinal direction is embedded in the adhesive layer 7 and forms the load-bearing component 5 of the guide rail cable 4 with a loading layer 8 bonded to the adhesive layer 7 with a rolling surface K for the powered moving unit 9 .

[0106] Furthermore, according to any non-limiting variant of the actual implementation, according to any of the three embodiments of the Yunitski transport system, it is recommended to use a hardening material as the material of the adhesive layer 7 and the loading layer 8, for example, the hardening material is in the form of a component based on a polymer-adhesive composite material, and / or in the form of a similar hardening material that rigidly bonds / embeds the corresponding load-bearing elements pre-tensioned in the longitudinal direction in a single entity.

[0107] According to design choice, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is the most preferred hardening material for this purpose according to any of the three embodiments of the invention. However, polyurea and / or polyurethane and / or a combination thereof may also be used as hardening material. The use of the above materials will ensure high technical effectiveness of the track structure and the entire transport system, while ensuring high design wear resistance, strength and durability, as well as increased hardness with a low coefficient of friction on the rolling surface K of the guide cable 4 of the track structure.

[0108] An alternative embodiment of the hardened material is a practical implementation with a closed-cell structure, which increases the specific carrying capacity of the guide ropes 4 of the track structure.

[0109] As a result of the implementation of the proposed technical solution, according to any one of the three embodiments of the proposed invention, in accordance with a set of all the basic features that define it, the formation of the track structure of the transportation system is realized in the overall form of a load-bearing member 5 of a guide rail rope 4 and a rolling surface K for an automatic power moving unit 9 combined therewith, wherein the rolling surface provides adaptation to high contact stresses, transmission of high contact stresses, and redistribution of high contact stresses to all corresponding load-bearing elements of the load-bearing member 5 that are pre-stressed in the longitudinal direction, which significantly increases the strength and flexural rigidity of the track structure while significantly reducing the material strength.

[0110] In order to optimize the performance of the guide rope 4, it is recommended that, according to any one of the three embodiments of the present invention, the cross-section of the load-bearing element is made into the form of a disc, and / or an ellipse, and / or a square, and / or a rectangle, and / or a rhombus, and / or a triangle, and / or a trapezoid, and / or a polygon.

[0111] According to a first embodiment, the claimed Yunitski transport system is characterized in that the individual load-bearing elements 6.1 of the load-bearing structure 5 are made embedded in an adhesive layer 7 (see Figure 2 and Figure 3 ).

[0112] Thus, according to a first embodiment, the claimed Yunitski transport system is characterized in that the width В of the individual load-bearing elements 6.1 is1 , m, is defined by the following relationship:

[0113] 0.5≤B 1 / A≤0.99 (1)

[0114] If the ratio (1) is less than 0.5, the required rigidity of the load bearing member 5 in the transverse direction cannot be ensured, which results in increased wear of the guide rail cables 4 and leads to low efficiency of the transportation system.

[0115] If the ratio (1) is greater than 0.99, ensuring the integrity of the load-bearing member 5 during operation of the transport system becomes problematic and the probability of breaking the load-bearing member into pieces increases: the individual load-bearing elements 6.1 will lose connection with the loading layer 8 and the adhesive layer 7 of the load-bearing member 5 from below (from the surface of the load-bearing member 5 opposite to the rolling surface K).

[0116] According to design choice, a possible variant of the practical implementation of the proposed transport system according to the first embodiment of the invention is that the guide rope 4 is provided with a separate support element 6.1, for example in the form of a belt, which is shown in FIG. Figure 2 middle.

[0117] An alternative variant of the practical implementation of the proposed transport system according to the first embodiment of the invention is an embodiment of the guide rope 4 with a separate load-bearing element 6.1 having an oval cross section, which is shown in Figure 3 middle.

[0118] According to either of the first two embodiments of the invention, the carrier element (in the form of a single carrier element 6.1 or in the form of a stack 6 of discrete carrier elements 6.2) is embedded in the adhesive layer 7 to a depth h from the rolling surface. 1 , m, and the depth h to the opposite surface from the rolling surface 2 , m, these two depths are defined by the following ratio:

[0119] 0.2≤h 1 / S 1 ≤2, (2)

[0120] 0.1≤h 2 / S 1 ≤1, (3)

[0121] 0.2≤h 1 / S 2 ≤2, (4)

[0122] 0.1≤h 2 / S 2 ≤1, (5)

[0123] Among them, S 1, m, is the height of the individual load-bearing elements 6.1 of the load-bearing structure 5, and

[0124] S 2 , m, is the height of the individual load-bearing elements 6 . 2 in the stack 6 of load-bearing members 5 .

[0125] When the wheels of the self-powered moving unit 9 move along the guide cable 4, the rolling surface K is subjected to pressure concentrated on a small area, causing it to deform.

[0126] When the load-bearing element (individual load-bearing element 6.1, or stack 6 of discrete load-bearing elements 6.2) is embedded in the adhesive layer 7 to the depth value indicated in the ratio (2)-(5), the guide cable 4 works as a rigid continuous beam under the wheels of the self-powered moving unit 9. It is thus possible to simply ensure that the large local pressures from the wheels of the self-powered moving unit 9 on the rolling surface K are converted into the range of permissible stresses of the load-bearing element (individual load-bearing element 6.1, or stack 6 of discrete load-bearing elements 6.2) and the entire guide cable 4.

[0127] If the ratios (2) and (4) are less than 0.2, the load layer 8 cannot fully provide the function of a transfer element to evenly redistribute the pressure of the local deformation wave moving along the rolling surface K under the influence of the load from the self-powered moving unit 9 to the load-bearing elements (a single load-bearing element 6.1, or a stack 6 of separate load-bearing elements 6.2). Therefore, when the value specified by the ratios (2) and (4) drops below 0.2, the possibility of unacceptable local pressures affecting the guide rope 4 cannot be excluded.

[0128] If the ratios (2) and (4) are greater than 2, the guide rail cable 4 will have insufficient hardness and the rolling surface K will have insufficient hardness.

[0129] If the ratios (3) and (5) are less than 0.1, the adhesive layer 7 cannot fully provide a reliable connection between the elements of the load-bearing structure 5, which is required to maintain the integrity of the guide rail cable 4 and ensure the overall embedding of the load-bearing elements of the load-bearing structure 5 (a single load-bearing element 6.1, or a stack 6 of discrete load-bearing elements 6.2) from below.

[0130] If the ratios (3) and (5) are greater than 1, the thickness of the load-bearing member 5 beneath the guide rail cable 4 increases unreasonably and the material of the adhesive layer 7 is excessively consumed.

[0131] According to any of the three embodiments of the invention, the dimensions of the load bearing member 5 are chosen such that the ratio of the width A,m, of the load bearing member 5 to its height H,m, is unequal within the following limits:

[0132] 2≤А / Н≤20 (6)

[0133] If the ratio (6) is less than 2, the guide rail rope 4 of the proposed transport system will have low specific carrying capacity and strength.

[0134] If the ratio (6) is greater than 20, the guideway cable 4 will have insufficient rigidity, including torsional rigidity, when driven along the guideway cable 4 by the self-powered moving unit 9.

[0135] A person skilled in the art will appreciate that the concept of the invention allows the use of a plurality of design drive combinations of cross-sectional types for the individual load-bearing elements 6 . 1 forming the load-bearing member 5 of the guide rail cable 4 according to the first embodiment of the invention.

[0136] According to a second embodiment of the invention, the proposed Yunitski transport system is characterized in that the load-bearing structure 5 comprises a stack 6 of at least two separate load-bearing elements 6.2, which are prestressed in the longitudinal direction and embedded by an adhesive layer 7, and the at least two separate load-bearing elements have a width d, m, such as Figure 4-7 As shown, each load-bearing element is located at a level in a line - a straight line, or a curve (not shown in the figure).

[0137] According to a second embodiment of the invention, according to a practical implementation of the proposed technical solution, it is characterized in that the load-bearing member 5 is made in the form of a stack 6 of at least two discrete load-bearing elements 6.2, each of which has a width d, m. In this case, the gap δ, m, between adjacent discrete load-bearing elements 6.2 is determined by the following relationship:

[0138] 0≤δ / S 2 ≤5, (7)

[0139] If the ratio (7) is greater than 5, the considerable thickness of the adhesive layer 7 in the gaps δ,m between adjacent discrete load-bearing elements 6.2 will not provide the guideway cable 4 with the required rigidity and load-bearing capacity.

[0140] The ratio (7) cannot be less than 0, because the gap cannot be negative (see Figure 7 ).

[0141] According to the second embodiment of the invention, the total width B of the stack 6 of separate load-bearing elements 6.2 of the load-bearing member 5 prestressed in the longitudinal direction is 2 , m, including the gap δ, m (see Figure 4-7 ), is defined by the following relation:

[0142] 0.55≤В 2 / А≤0.99 (8)

[0143] If the ratio (8) is less than 0.55, the required rigidity in the transverse direction of the load-bearing member 5 made in the form of a stack 6 of (at least two) separate load-bearing elements 6.2 positioned in a line cannot be ensured, which leads to increased wear of the guide rope 4 and inefficiency of the transport system.

[0144] If the ratio (8) is greater than 0.99, ensuring the integrity of the load-bearing member 5 during operation becomes problematic, and the probability of the load-bearing member 5 breaking into pieces increases:

[0145] - separate carrier element 6.2 and adhesive layer 7 (together with loading layer 8), both of which lose connection - from above;

[0146] - separate carrier elements 6.2 and adhesive layer 7, the two lose connection - between the separate carrier elements 6.2;

[0147] - A separate carrier element 6 . 2 and adhesive layer 7 , both of which are disconnected—from below (on the side of the surface of the carrier member 5 opposite to the rolling surface K).

[0148] An alternative to the second embodiment of the invention is an embodiment of the guide cable 4 with separate load-bearing elements 6.2 in the form of cables or ropes, each with a width d, m, such as Figure 5 Stacked together as shown.

[0149] exist Figure 4 , 6 In Figures 1 and 7, according to a second embodiment of the invention, a possible alternative for the design of a guide rail cable 4 with a stack 6 of discrete load-bearing elements 6.2, which have a circular and a triangular cross section respectively and are made with a width d, m per load-bearing element, is shown. When discrete load-bearing elements 6.2 with a triangular cross section are selected, it is recommended to install them in the adhesive layer 7 in such a way that adjacent faces are arranged parallel.

[0150] Embodiments of guideway ropes 4 with a stack 6 of individual load-bearing elements 6 . 2 having a square, or polygonal, or other possible known form of cross section are similar to those given above, but are not shown in the figures.

[0151] According to a third embodiment of the invention, the proposed Yunitski transport system is characterized in that the load-bearing member 5 is made in the form of a combination of one or more individual load-bearing elements 6.1 and / or one or more stacks 6 of discrete load-bearing elements 6.2 distributed along the height of the load-bearing member 5 (at least in two horizontal planes), said load-bearing elements being embedded by an adhesive layer 7 (see Figure 8-13 ).

[0152] According to a third embodiment of the invention, the load-bearing member 5 is made of one or more individual load-bearing elements 6.1 and / or one or more stacks 6 of discrete load-bearing elements 6.2, which are embedded in the adhesive layer 7 to a depth h from the rolling surface. 1 , m, and the depth h to the opposite surface from the rolling surface 2 , m, these two depths are defined by the following ratio:

[0153] 0.2≤h 1 / S 3 ≤2, (9)

[0154] 0.1≤h 2 / S 3 ≤1, (10)

[0155] Among them, S 3 , m is the total height of the individual load-bearing elements and / or a stack or stacks of discrete load-bearing elements in the load-bearing structure 5, including the distances L,m between them.

[0156] When such a load-bearing member 5 is embedded in the adhesive layer 7 to the depth indicated by the ratios (9) and (10), it works as a rigid continuous beam under the wheels of the self-powered moving unit 9 .

[0157] If the ratio (9) is less than 0.2, the loading layer 8 cannot fully provide the function of a transfer element to evenly redistribute to the corresponding load-bearing elements the pressure of the local deformation wave moving along the rolling surface K under the influence of the load from the self-powered moving unit 9. If the value specified by the ratio (9) drops below 0.2, the possibility of unacceptable local pressures affecting the load-bearing elements of the combined load-bearing structure 5 forming the guide rail cable 4 cannot be excluded.

[0158] If the ratio (9) is greater than 2, such a load bearing member 5 will result in insufficient hardness and rigidity of the rolling surface K of the guide rail cable 4.

[0159] If the ratio (10) is less than 0.1, the adhesive layer 7 cannot fully provide integral embedding of the load-bearing member 5 from below and reliable connection between the load-bearing elements included therein, which are necessary to maintain the integrity of the guide rail cable 4.

[0160] If the ratio (10) is greater than 1, the thickness of the load-bearing member 5 at the bottom of the guide rail cable 4 increases unreasonably and the material of the adhesive layer 7 is excessively consumed.

[0161] According to the third embodiment of the present invention, the distance L,m, between the horizontal planes of adjacent individual load-bearing elements 6.1 should not exceed the lowest height S of the load-bearing elements included in the combined load-bearing structure 5.min Otherwise, the rigidity of such load-bearing member 5 and guide rail cable 4 is low, which is unacceptable.

[0162] According to the third embodiment of the invention, the load-bearing capacity of the guide rail rope is increased by keeping the distance L,m between adjacent horizontal planes of the load-bearing elements (individual load-bearing elements 6.1 and / or in the form of a stack 6 of discrete load-bearing elements 6.2) within the above specified range.

[0163] exist Figure 8-13 In the Figures, examples of cross sections of guide rail cables 4 in various alternative embodiments of a combined load-bearing member 5 are given. The above figures show alternative variants of the load-bearing member 5, wherein its constituent load-bearing elements are arranged in two and three horizontal planes with different combinations of the shapes of the load-bearing elements used.

[0164] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the concept of the present invention allows for a number of design-specific combinations according to the shape of the load-bearing elements included therein and the cross-sectional shape of the load-bearing member 5 in combination with the guide rail cable 4, according to any of the three embodiments of the present invention.

[0165] According to any of the three embodiments of the present invention, for any variation of the actual implementation and arrangement of the load-bearing elements of the load-bearing structure 5 as a whole, according to the proposed technical method, the required material savings, improvement of the machinability and stability of the guide rail cable 4 are achieved in the entire transportation system.

[0166] Industrial Applicability

[0167] Taking into account all possible alternatives and non-exclusive combinations of embodiments of the load-bearing elements (6.1 and 6.2) of the load-bearing member 5 of the guide rail cable 4 and the adhesive layer 7, including the above-mentioned variants and parameters, many examples of practical embodiments of the claimed Yunitski transport system are possible, which examples are basically based on the design choice of installing the support 3 on the foundation 1 in spans 2 directly along the track profile of the route (see Figure 1). At least one guide rail cable 4, which is tensioned above the foundation 1, is fastened to the support 3. At the same time, the guide rail cable 4 is made in the form of a load-bearing member 5 with a loading layer 8 and a rolling surface K applied thereon. The load-bearing member 5 is then made of one or more load-bearing elements (6.1 and / or 6.2), which are arranged in a suitable manner and are pre-tensioned in the longitudinal direction by tensioning and fastening them between the supports 3 and covering the corresponding adhesive layer 7. Suitably, in order to increase the process of forming the track structure of the proposed transport system, the process of forming the load-bearing member 5 of the guide rail cable 4 is performed by a special automatic installation complex (not shown in the figure), which simulates the weight load generated by the automatic power moving unit 9 during its operation and performs a continuous application of the adhesive layer 7 and the loading layer 8 by a hardening material according to the design selection, for example in the form of a composition based on a polymer adhesive composite material, such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and / or polyurea, and / or polyurethane, and / or a combination thereof. At the same time, the load-bearing element is made as a loading layer 8 (loaded by the automatic power moving unit 9 ) with a rolling surface K embedded in the adhesive layer 7 of the load-bearing member 5 at a certain depth and bonded to the adhesive layer 7 .

[0168] It is important that the load-bearing member 5 is made bodyless due to the hardening of the adhesive layer 7 and the loading layer 8 , which is provided with the rolling surface K.

[0169] According to the present solution, the desired result is achieved by reducing the material consumption of the proposed guide rail cable 4 compared to known solutions. At the same time, the embodiment of the guide rail cable 4 with the design proposed in the solution provides the required strength of the track structure, since the main adaptation of the guide rail cable 4 to the dynamic loads from the mobile unit 9 is performed by its load-bearing member 5. In addition, it is possible to assemble the guide rail cable 4 under on-site conditions using high-tech equipment delivered directly to the installation site of the transport system. Thus, component materials (e.g. wires, or belts / strips) can be delivered to the installation site of the transport system in a compact form (in the form of rolls), which helps to reduce material strength, labor, transportation costs, manufacturing and installation costs of the track structure, while improving the processability of the manufacture of such a transport system.

[0170] Optimized according to the results of empirical studies, for the various embodiments of the proposed Yunitski transport system, the geometrical parameters of the load-bearing member 5 and the properties of the adhesive layer 7 and the load-bearing elements (6.1 and / or 6.2) forming it make it possible to form a guide rail 4 of a transport system with given operating parameters and ensure an increase in the specific carrying capacity of the track structure.

[0171] The proposed Yunitski transport system can be implemented under field conditions at a lower cost than the designs of known track structures and has a high technological content.

[0172] The process diagram given above in simplified form illustrates one of the possible variants of the production of a Yunitski transport system according to the proposed technical solution.

[0173] The Yunitski transport system having the described structure works as follows.

[0174] When the wheels of the self-powered mobile unit 9 move along the guide cable 4, the guide cable is subjected to and adapted to the pressure concentrated on a small area through its rolling surface K, causing it to deform. The deformation wave moving with the wheels of the self-powered mobile unit 9 is transmitted to the load-bearing element stretched on the support 3 through the hardened material of the loading layer 8 and the adhesive layer 7 of the load-bearing member 5, such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and / or polyurea, and / or polyurethane. At the same time, the load-bearing member 5 does not work as a flexible rope, but as a rigid continuous beam.

[0175] Due to this transfer of considerable local pressure from the wheels of the self-powered moving units 9, the structural components of the load-bearing members 5 of the guide rail cables 4 are not subjected to excessive pressure, so that the carrying capacity of the track structure of the Yunitski transport system remains unchanged over time.

[0176] Due to the high technicality of the "bodyless" variant of the actual embodiment of the load-bearing member 5 and the low cost of the components used for its manufacture, the Yunitski transport system having said structure allows to significantly increase the specific carrying capacity of the track structure and to reduce the construction costs of the transport highway, including by reducing material properties and labor intensity, while increasing the processability of its manufacture and simplifying the process of transporting the components and their installation in real life conditions.

[0177] Information source

[0178] 1. Patent RU 2464188, IPC B61B 3 / 02, published on October 20, 2012 (similar).

[0179] 2. Patent RU 2179124, IPC B61B 13 / 00, published on February 10, 2002 (similar).

[0180] 3. Patent RU 2374102, IPC B61B 3 / 02, published on November 27, 2009 (similar).

[0181] 4. Patent RU 2475387, IPC B61B 3 / 00, published on February 20, 2013 (similar).

[0182] 5. Patent RU 2325293, IPC B61B 3 / 02, published on May 27, 2008 (similar).

[0183] 6. Patent RU 2204639, IPC E01B 5 / 08, 25 / 00, B61B 3 / 02, 5 / 00, 13 / 04, published on May 20, 2003 (similar).

[0184] 7. Patent RU 2080268, IPC B61B 5 / 02, B61B 13 / 00, E01B 25 / 22, published on May 27, 1997 (prototype).

Claims

1. A transport system with at least one guide cable, which is tensioned above a foundation in a span between supports, the at least one guide cable being in the form of a load-bearing member comprising longitudinally pretensioned individual load-bearing elements, which are embedded in an adhesive layer of the load-bearing member, It is characterized in that The adhesive layer is combined with a loading layer with a rolling surface for an autonomous mobile unit, wherein the load-bearing component is made bodyless and the loading layer with the rolling surface is fastened directly to the adhesive layer of the load-bearing component, wherein the individual load-bearing elements are embedded in the adhesive layer to a depth h from the rolling surface. 1 , in m, and a depth h to a surface opposite to the rolling surface 2 , in meters, these two depths are defined by the following ratio: 0.2≤h 1 / S 1 ≤2, 0.1≤h 2 / S 1 ≤1, Among them, S 1 , in m, is the height of a single load-bearing element of the load-bearing structure, The ratio of the width A of the load-bearing member, in m, to its height H, in m, is within the following limits: 2≤А / Н≤20, and the width B of the individual load-bearing elements 1 , in m, is defined by the following relationship: 0.5≤B 1 / A≤0.99。 2. The transport system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The adhesive layer of the load-bearing member is made of a hardened material based on a polymer adhesive composite material.

3. The transport system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that Polyetheretherketone or polyurethane or polyurea or a combination thereof is used as polymer binder composite.

4. The transport system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The cross section of the carrier element is made in the form of a disk and / or an ellipse and / or a rectangle and / or a rhombus and / or a triangle and / or a trapezoid.

5. The transport system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The cross section of the carrier element is made in the form of a polygon.

6. The transport system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The load-bearing element is made in the form of a wire, and / or a cable, and / or a rod, and / or a belt, and / or a tube.

7. The transport system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The load-bearing elements are made in the form of twisted or untwisted ropes, cables, and / or strands.

8. The transport system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The carrier element is produced in the form of a strip.

9. The transport system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The cross section of the carrier element is made in the form of a square.

10. A transport system with at least one guide cable, which is tensioned above the foundation in the span between supports, the at least one guide cable being in the form of a load-bearing member, the load-bearing member comprising a stack of at least two longitudinally pretensioned separate load-bearing elements, the separate load-bearing elements being embedded in an adhesive layer of the load-bearing member, It is characterized in that The adhesive layer is combined with a loading layer with a rolling surface for an autonomous mobile unit, wherein the load-bearing member is made bodyless and the loading layer with the rolling surface is fastened directly to the adhesive layer of the load-bearing member, wherein the discrete load-bearing elements are embedded in the adhesive layer to a depth h from the rolling surface 1 , in m, and a depth h to a surface opposite to the rolling surface 2 , in meters, these two depths are defined by the following ratio: 0.2≤h 1 / S 2 ≤2, 0.1≤h 2 / S 2 ≤1, Among them, S 2 , in m, is the height of the individual load-bearing elements in the stack of load-bearing members, Wherein, the ratio of the width A of the load-bearing member, in m, to its height H, in m, is within the following limits: 2≤A / H≤20, And the gap δ between adjacent discrete load-bearing elements, in m, is defined by the following relationship: 0≤δ / S 2 ≤5, The total width B of the stack of discrete support elements is 2 , in m, including the gap δ between them, in m, defined by the following relationship: 0.55≤B 2 / A≤0.99。 11. The transport system according to claim 10, It is characterized in that The adhesive layer of the load-bearing member is made of a hardened material based on a polymer adhesive composite material.

12. The transport system according to claim 11, It is characterized in that Polyetheretherketone or polyurethane or polyurea or a combination thereof is used as polymer binder composite.

13. The transport system according to claim 10, It is characterized in that The cross section of the carrier element is made in the form of a disk and / or an ellipse and / or a rectangle and / or a rhombus and / or a triangle and / or a trapezoid.

14. The transport system according to claim 10, It is characterized in that The cross section of the carrier element is made in the form of a polygon.

15. The transport system according to claim 10, It is characterized in that The load-bearing element is made in the form of a wire, and / or a cable, and / or a rod, and / or a belt, and / or a tube.

16. The transport system according to claim 10, It is characterized in that The load-bearing elements are made in the form of twisted or untwisted ropes, cables, and / or strands.

17. The transport system according to claim 10, It is characterized in that The carrier element is produced in the form of a strip.

18. The transport system according to claim 10, It is characterized in that The cross section of the carrier element is made in the form of a square.

19. A transport system with at least one guide cable, which is tensioned above the foundation in the span between the supports, the at least one guide cable being in the form of a load-bearing member, the load-bearing member comprising a plurality of longitudinally pretensioned load-bearing elements, the load-bearing elements being embedded in an adhesive layer of the load-bearing member, It is characterized in that The adhesive layer is combined with a loading layer with a rolling surface for an autonomous mobile unit, wherein the load-bearing member is made bodyless and the loading layer with the rolling surface is fastened directly to the adhesive layer of the load-bearing member; The load-bearing member is made in the form of a combination of a single load-bearing element and one or more stacks of discrete load-bearing elements, the combination being distributed along the height of the load-bearing member, the load-bearing elements being embedded in the adhesive layer to a depth h from the rolling surface. 1 , in m, and a depth h to a surface opposite to the rolling surface 2 , in meters, these two depths are defined by the following ratio: 0.2≤h 1 / S 3 ≤2, 0.1≤h 2 / S 3 ≤1, Among them, S 3 , in m, is the total height of a single load-bearing element and / or a stack or stacks of discrete load-bearing elements in the load-bearing structure, including the distance L between them, in m, Wherein, the ratio of the width A of the load-bearing member, in m, to its height H, in m, is within the following limits: 2≤А / Н≤20, And the distance L, in m, between the horizontal planes of adjacent individual load-bearing elements and / or a stack or stacks of discrete load-bearing elements does not exceed the height of the smallest load-bearing element of the load-bearing structure.

20. The transport system according to claim 19, It is characterized in that The adhesive layer of the load-bearing member is made of a hardened material based on a polymer adhesive composite material.

21. The transport system according to claim 20, It is characterized in that Polyetheretherketone or polyurethane or polyurea or a combination thereof is used as polymer binder composite.

22. The transport system according to claim 19, It is characterized in that The cross section of the carrier element is made in the form of a disk and / or an ellipse and / or a rectangle and / or a rhombus and / or a triangle and / or a trapezoid.

23. The transport system according to claim 19, It is characterized in that The cross section of the carrier element is made in the form of a polygon.

24. The transport system according to claim 19, It is characterized in that The load-bearing element is made in the form of a wire, and / or a cable, and / or a rod, and / or a belt, and / or a tube.

25. The transport system according to claim 19, It is characterized in that The load-bearing elements are made in the form of twisted or untwisted ropes, cables, and / or strands.

26. The transport system according to claim 19, It is characterized in that The carrier element is produced in the form of a strip.

27. The transport system according to claim 19, It is characterized in that The cross section of the carrier element is made in the form of a square.

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