High-precision sediment measurement device and method for large channel multi-level

Abstract

The present invention discloses a large channel multi-level high-precision sediment measuring device and measuring method, comprising two L-shaped fixed plates arranged vertically opposite to each other, a horizontal support plate arranged horizontally fitted on the L-shaped fixed plates, the horizontal support plate being fixedly connected to the two L-shaped fixed plates by a fixing knob, and a horizontal telescopic plate being slidably connected to both ends of the horizontal support plate; the lower ends of the two L-shaped fixed plates are fixed to both sides of a measuring box, the measuring box is connected to a data acquisition and control terminal by a signal antenna; the data acquisition and control terminal is electrically connected to a mobile display terminal. The large channel multi-level high-precision sediment measuring device of the present invention has a simple structure, is portable and easy to install. The unit sediment concentration of different levels is directly measured by using pressure difference sensors at different levels, and the mathematical calculation formulas for water and sediment at different levels are established to obtain the sediment content at different levels of the section, which is convenient and quick.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil and water monitoring, and relates to a large channel multi-faceted high-precision sediment measuring device. The present invention also relates to a method for measuring sediment content by using the large channel multi-faceted high-precision sediment measuring device. Background Art

[0002] The focus of water resources research has always been on the sediment problem of reservoirs and rivers. On the one hand, the sediment content has a great adverse impact on the safe operation of reservoirs, the rise of riverbed water levels and the surrounding ecological environment; on the other hand, the sediment in rivers is transported through water transfer channels, which will inevitably lead to channel siltation, reduced irrigation efficiency and other problems. How to scientifically and rationally control sand and effectively coordinate the spatial location and time efficiency of water and sand transportation depends on the accurate detection (monitoring) of sediment.

[0003] The traditional detection method is based on water-sand separation, drying, etc., using different devices to measure the dry bulk density of sediment, which takes a long time and has complicated procedures. With the further improvement of science and technology, a set of fully automatic equipment (integrated) has come into being and has been widely used in sediment detection. However, the device structure is complex, bulky, and there are still some shortcomings in representativeness (accuracy). Therefore, continuing to study a portable and efficient sediment content detection device is the key to solving the current difficulties. The present invention proposes a large-channel multi-level high-precision sediment determination device and method, which further provides a technical support for research in the field of sediment content determination. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large channel multi-level high-precision sediment measuring device, which uses a pressure difference sensor and an intelligent mobile controller to achieve multi-level high-precision sediment measurement and realize rapid and accurate sediment content measurement.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a large channel multi-faceted high-precision sediment measuring device, comprising two L-shaped fixed plates arranged vertically opposite to each other, a horizontal supporting plate arranged horizontally is sleeved on the L-shaped fixed plates, the horizontal supporting plate is fixedly connected to the two L-shaped fixed plates by a fixing knob, a horizontal telescopic plate is slidably connected to both ends of the horizontal supporting plates, a spirit level is arranged at the end of the horizontal telescopic plate away from the L-shaped fixed plates; the lower ends of the two L-shaped fixed plates are fixed on both sides of a measuring box, and the measuring box is connected to a data acquisition and control terminal through a signal antenna; leveling knobs are arranged at both ends of the horizontal telescopic plate; an embedded groove track is arranged on the horizontal supporting plate, and a sliding block adapted to the groove track is arranged on the lower end surface of the horizontal telescopic plate.

[0006] The present invention is also characterized in that:

[0007] The data acquisition and control terminal is electrically connected to the mobile display terminal.

[0008] The horizontal telescopic plate is provided with a strip groove a along the length direction, the horizontal supporting plate is provided with a strip groove b adapted to the strip groove a, and the horizontal telescopic plate and the horizontal supporting plate are fixed in position by a positioner passing through the strip groove a and the strip groove b.

[0009] The retainer is a bolt.

[0010] The horizontal telescopic plate and the horizontal supporting plate can also be fixed by using U-shaped clips.

[0011] The measuring box is evenly arranged with multiple levels from front to back, and a pair of vertically placed L-shaped circular tubes is arranged on each level; the upper end of each pair of L-shaped circular tubes is connected to a pressure difference sensor, and the lower end is respectively connected to the water inlets on the two sides of the measuring box, among which, a filter is installed at the water inlet of one circular tube, and the water inlet of the other circular tube is in a natural state. Multiple pairs of water inlets are evenly arranged in sequence along the diagonal direction of the side of the measuring box.

[0012] The differential pressure sensor is located on the upper surface of the measuring box. A sensor protection box is also provided on the upper end of the measuring box. The sensor protection box seals each differential pressure sensor.

[0013] The second technical solution adopted by the present invention is a method for measuring large channel multi-level high-precision sediment measuring device, the specific process is as follows:

[0014] Step 1: First determine the location of the test point, fit the horizontal support plate onto the two L-shaped fixed plates, and fix them with the fixing knobs; secondly, fix the telescopic plate and the horizontal support plate with the positioner; then, place the installed device into the cross section of the large channel, adjust the leveling knob to center the bubble in the level, and the device is now installed;

[0015] Step 1: Turn on the power supply through the mobile display terminal to start the measurement. The measured data will be transmitted to the mobile display terminal through the data acquisition and control terminal. The mobile display terminal stores historical data and displays real-time data. After the measurement work is completed, the device can be removed by fixing the knob and the positioner to facilitate carrying and long-distance transportation.

[0016] Step 3: The specific method for calculating high-precision sediment content at multiple levels of a large channel is as follows:

[0017] Set the position close to the channel bottom as the first level, and repeat the process recursively;

[0018] The sediment content per unit volume at different levels is cs n The specific calculation is as follows, where n represents different levels.

[0019]

[0020] Among them: Fn-1 is the pressure value measured by the differential pressure sensor on the water inlet circular pipe with filter corresponding to the nth level, F n-2 is the pressure value ρ measured by the pressure differential sensor on the water inlet circular pipe without filter corresponding to the nth level 水 Take 1g / cm2 as the density of water 3 ; α is the density correction coefficient, which is related to the filter mesh aperture. The specific corresponding relationship is as follows:

[0021] The filter mesh is 2000 mesh, the hole size is 0.0065 mm, and the α value is 1.45;

[0022] The filter mesh is 5000 mesh, the hole size is 0.0026 mm, and the α value is 1.20;

[0023] The filter mesh size is 10000 mesh, the hole size is 0.0013 mm, and the α value is 1.08.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] (1) The high-precision sediment measuring device for large channels at multiple levels of the present invention can directly measure the unit sediment concentration at different levels through pressure difference sensors at different levels. By establishing mathematical calculation formulas for water and sediment at different levels, the sediment content at different levels of the section can be obtained, which is convenient and quick.

[0026] (2) Compared with the traditional testing method, the large channel multi-level high-precision sediment measuring device of the present invention has a simple structure, is portable and easy to install. When working, the flow measuring device is placed on different large rivers and channels, and then leveled and fixed to carry out measurement. The timeliness and measurement accuracy of the device are far superior to the current related sediment equipment.

[0027] (3) The large channel multi-level high-precision sediment measuring device of the present invention has a novel and unique structure. It adopts fixed-point, multi-layer sample comparison and wireless transmission equipment to complete the data collection and transmission of channel sediment, and the display and monitoring of the mobile control terminal. As long as the device is correctly installed above the channel and the power is turned on, the online detection of sediment can be realized. The device has a simple structure, low power consumption, is easy to carry, and has a low installation cost. It can realize wireless transmission of data and can be widely used in sediment measurement work at different locations in different river channels and large channel sections. It further lays a theoretical foundation for subsequent research on the effect of water and sediment content on river channels and irrigation areas, and has certain promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a large channel multi-level high-precision sediment measuring device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a measuring box of a large channel multi-faceted high-precision sediment measuring device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measuring box of the large channel multi-level high-precision sediment measuring device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the sediment measurement principle of the large channel multi-level high-precision sediment measurement device of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1: water inlet, 1-1: water inlet with filter, 1-2 conventional water inlet, 1-3 filter; 2: measuring box, 2-1: L-shaped round tube a, 2-2: L-shaped round tube b; 3: sensor protection box; 4: differential pressure sensor; 5: data acquisition and control terminal; 6: signal antenna; 7: mobile display terminal; 8: horizontal support plate; 9: horizontal telescopic plate; 10: L-shaped fixed plate; 11: spirit level; 12: leveling knob; 13: fixing knob; 14: positioner; 15: strip groove a. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is a detailed description of the implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation mode and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0034] The large channel multi-level high-precision sediment measuring device of the present invention has a structure as follows Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes two L-shaped fixed plates 10 arranged vertically opposite to each other, a horizontal supporting plate 8 arranged horizontally is fitted on the L-shaped fixed plates 10, the horizontal supporting plate 8 is fixedly connected to the two L-shaped fixed plates 10 by a fixing knob 13, and a horizontal telescopic plate 9 is slidably connected to both ends of the horizontal supporting plate 8; a level 11 is provided at the end of the horizontal telescopic plate 9 away from the L-shaped fixed plates 10; the lower ends of the two L-shaped fixed plates 10 are fixed on both sides of the measuring box 2, and the measuring box 2 is connected to the data acquisition and control terminal 5 through a signal antenna 6; leveling knobs 12 are provided at both ends of the horizontal telescopic plate 9; an embedded groove track is provided on the horizontal supporting plate 8, and a slider adapted to the groove track is provided on the lower end surface of the horizontal telescopic plate 9.

[0035] The data acquisition and control terminal 5 is electrically connected to the mobile display terminal 7 .

[0036] The horizontal telescopic plate 9 has a strip groove a15 along the length direction, and the horizontal supporting plate 8 has a strip groove b adapted to the strip groove a. The horizontal telescopic plate 9 and the horizontal supporting plate 8 are fixed in position by a positioner 14 passing through the strip groove a and the strip groove b.

[0037] The stopper 14 is a bolt.

[0038] The horizontal telescopic plate 9 and the horizontal supporting plate 8 can also be fixed by using U-shaped clips.

[0039] The measuring box 2 is evenly arranged with multiple levels from front to back, and a pair of vertically placed L-shaped circular tubes is arranged on each level; the upper end of each pair of L-shaped circular tubes is connected to a pressure difference sensor 4, and the lower end is respectively connected to the water inlets on the two sides of the measuring box 2, wherein a filter is installed at the water inlet of one circular tube, and the water inlet of the other circular tube is in a natural state, and multiple pairs of water inlets are evenly arranged in sequence along the diagonal direction of the side of the measuring box 2.

[0040] The differential pressure sensor 4 is located on the upper surface of the measuring box 2 . A sensor protection box 3 is also provided on the upper end of the measuring box 2 . The sensor protection box 3 seals each differential pressure sensor 4 .

[0041] The measuring method of the large channel multi-level high-precision sediment measuring device of the present invention has the following specific process:

[0042] Step 1: First, determine the position of the detection point, fit the horizontal support plate 8 onto the two L-shaped fixed plates 10, and fix them with the fixing knob 13; secondly, fix the telescopic plate 9 and the horizontal support plate 8 with the positioner 14; then, put the installed device into the large channel cross section, adjust the leveling knob 12, so that the bubble in the level 11 is centered, and the device is installed;

[0043] Step 1: Start measuring by turning on the power of the mobile display terminal 7. The measured data will be transmitted to the mobile display terminal 7 through the data acquisition and control terminal 5. The mobile display terminal stores historical data and displays real-time data. After the measurement work is completed, the device is disassembled by fixing the knob 13 and the stopper 14, which is convenient for carrying and long-distance transportation.

[0044] Step 3: The specific method for calculating high-precision sediment content at multiple levels of a large channel is as follows:

[0045] Set the position close to the channel bottom as the first level, and repeat the process recursively;

[0046] The sediment content per unit volume at different levels is cs n The specific calculation is as follows, where n represents different levels.

[0047]

[0048] Among them: F n-1 is the pressure value measured by the differential pressure sensor on the water inlet circular pipe with filter corresponding to the nth level, F n-2 is the pressure value ρ measured by the pressure differential sensor on the water inlet circular pipe without filter corresponding to the nth level 水 Take 1g / cm2 as the water density 3 ; α is the density correction coefficient, which is related to the filter mesh aperture. The specific corresponding relationship is as follows:

[0049] The filter mesh is 2000 mesh, the hole size is 0.0065 mm, and the α value is 1.45;

[0050] The filter mesh is 5000 mesh, the hole size is 0.0026 mm, and the α value is 1.20;

[0051] The filter mesh size is 10000 mesh, the hole size is 0.0013 mm, and the α value is 1.08.

[0052] The measuring box, horizontal support plate, telescopic plate, sensor protection box, and double L-shaped fixed plate of the present invention are made of stainless steel. On the one hand, it is ensured that the corrosiveness is reduced in mixed water; on the other hand, it does not deform during the measurement process, the accuracy of the protection position is guaranteed, and the representativeness and accuracy of the measured sediment are strong. At the same time, the measuring box is welded with two plates, and there are grooves in the inside and holes in the corresponding positions for placing L-shaped circular tubes (staggered and arranged in pairs), ensuring that fluid enters at one end of the paired circular tubes, and a differential pressure sensor is installed at the other end to measure the corresponding pressure value. The size of the device can be determined by the technicians in this profession according to the width and depth of the river channel and large channel to which the device is applicable during design and production.

[0053] Example:

[0054] When used specifically, the device is easy to operate and can be used by non-professionals, making it easy to promote. First, determine the location of the detection point, fit the horizontal support plate 8 onto the double L-shaped fixed plate 10, and fix it with the fixing knob 13; secondly, fix the relative position of the telescopic plate 9 and the horizontal support plate 8 with the positioner 14; then, put the device into the large channel cross section, adjust the leveling knob 12, so that the bubble in the spirit level is centered, and the device is installed; turn on the power of the device through the mobile display terminal 7 to start measuring, and the measured data will be transmitted to the mobile display terminal 7 through the data acquisition and control terminal 5, and the historical data can be stored and the real-time data can be displayed on the mobile display terminal; after the measurement work is completed, disassemble the device through the fixing knob 13 and the positioner 14, which is convenient for carrying and long-distance transportation.

[0055] This device uses L-shaped circular tubes arranged in pairs with equal spacing (vertical distance) to sample and measure the sediment content at corresponding points online, and calculates the sediment content at different points on different levels as follows.

[0056] The device is arranged in 8 levels, each level has a pair of L-shaped circular tubes with a total of 16 pipes of different lengths. Water is inletted at one end of each pair of circular tubes, and the other end is connected to a pressure difference sensor. At the same time, a filter is installed on the surface of the water inlet end of one circular tube, which is a water inlet hole 1-1 with a filter, corresponding to the L-shaped circular tube a2-1; the water inlet end of the other circular tube is in a natural state, which is a conventional water inlet hole 1-2, corresponding to the L-shaped circular tube b2-2.

[0057] The first level is close to the channel bottom.

[0058] Take the first layer of a pair of tubes as an example. Figure 4 As shown, the derivation formula is as follows:

[0059] P1=P1';P2=P2';(equal size and reverse direction)

[0060] F 1-1 / S=P1=ρ 水 gh1;F 1-2 / S=P2=ρ 混 gh2;

[0061] m1=ρ 混 Sh2-ρ 水 Sh1=(F 1-2 -F 1-1 ) / g

[0062]

[0063] ρ 混 It refers to the density of the sediment-water mixture in the circular tube on the side without the filter. S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the water surface in the tube, that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the circular tube.

[0064] Right now:

[0065] Then recursively, the sediment content per unit volume at different levels, the sediment content per unit volume at different levels cs n The specific calculation is as follows, where n represents different levels and n is a positive integer;

[0066]

[0067] Among them: F n-1 is the pressure value measured by the differential pressure sensor on the water inlet circular pipe with filter corresponding to the nth level, F n-2 is the pressure value ρ measured by the pressure differential sensor on the water inlet circular pipe without filter corresponding to the nth level 水 Take 1g / cm2 as the density of water 3 ; α is the density correction coefficient, which is related to the filter mesh aperture. The specific corresponding relationship is as follows:

[0068] The filter mesh is 2000 mesh, the hole size is 0.0065 mm, and the α value is 1.45;

[0069] The filter mesh is 5000 mesh, the hole size is 0.0026 mm, and the α value is 1.20;

[0070] The filter mesh size is 10000 mesh, the hole size is 0.0013 mm, and the α value is 1.08.

[0071] The structural features of the device of the present invention are as follows: the traditional sediment determination method uses a bucket to take samples at a certain point, and then waits for the sediment and water layers in the bucket to become still, then pours out the surface water layer, leaving the wet sand at the bottom of the bucket, and uses the drying and weighing method to calculate the sediment content, which is not very timely and accurate. Compared with the prior art, the large channel multi-level high-precision sediment determination device of the present invention can directly measure the unit sediment concentration of different levels through pressure difference sensors at different levels, and the mathematical calculation formulas for water and sediment at different levels are established to obtain the sediment content at different levels of the section.

[0072] In addition, the traditional sediment measurement method requires a measurement device made through operation steps such as point selection, sampling, stillness, centrifugal pump, drying, and weighing. The device is large and bulky, and installation, disassembly and cleaning are relatively time-consuming and labor-intensive. The operation is complicated and the timeliness is relatively poor. On the other hand, the selection of sampling points is not necessarily representative, and the standardization of the sampling point samples is not enough to support the test results, which reduces the accuracy of the measurement. Compared with the traditional testing method, the large channel multi-faceted high-precision sediment measurement device of the present invention has a simple structure, is portable and easy to install. When working, the flow measuring device is placed above different large rivers and channels, and then leveled and fixed for measurement. The timeliness and measurement accuracy of this device are far superior to the current related sediment equipment.

[0073] At present, there are many types of sediment measurement devices at home and abroad, but due to the bulky structure, high price, weak representativeness of measurement points, low measurement accuracy, and difficult installation, their scope of use is limited and their promotion and use is not ideal. The large channel multi-level high-precision remote sediment measurement device and method has a simple structure, convenient operation, low cost, high measurement accuracy, and strong applicability. It can solve the shortcomings and disadvantages of large channel sediment measurement to a certain extent, and therefore has broad application prospects.

[0074] The above describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Professionals and technicians in this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments only describe the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which will fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-precision sediment measuring device for large channels with multiple levels, characterized by: The device comprises two L-shaped fixed plates (10) arranged vertically opposite to each other, a horizontal support plate (8) being sleeved on the L-shaped fixed plates (10), the horizontal support plate (8) being fixedly connected to the two L-shaped fixed plates (10) via a fixing knob (13), and a horizontal telescopic plate (9) being slidably connected to both ends of the horizontal support plate (8); the lower ends of the two L-shaped fixed plates (10) are fixed to both sides of a measuring box (2), and the measuring box (2) is connected to a data acquisition and control terminal (5) via a signal antenna (6); leveling knobs (12) are arranged at both ends of the horizontal telescopic plate (9); an embedded groove track is arranged on the horizontal support plate (8), and a sliding block adapted to the groove track is arranged on the lower end surface of the horizontal telescopic plate (9); The measuring box (2) is evenly arranged with a plurality of layers from front to back, and a pair of vertically placed L-shaped circular tubes is arranged on each layer; the upper end of each pair of L-shaped circular tubes is connected to a pressure difference sensor (4), and the lower end is respectively connected to water inlets on the same layer of two sides of the measuring box (2), wherein a filter screen is installed at the water inlet of one circular tube, and the water inlet of the other circular tube is in a natural state, and the plurality of pairs of water inlets are evenly arranged in sequence along the diagonal direction of the side of the measuring box (2); A level (11) is provided at the end of the horizontal telescopic plate (9) away from the L-shaped fixed plate (10).

2. The large channel multi-faceted high-precision sediment measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition and control terminal (5) is electrically connected to the mobile display terminal (7).

3. The large channel multi-faceted high-precision sediment measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal telescopic plate (9) is provided with a strip groove a along the length direction, the horizontal support plate (8) is provided with a strip groove b adapted to the strip groove a, and the horizontal telescopic plate (9) and the horizontal support plate (8) are fixed in position by a positioner (14) passing through the strip groove a and the strip groove b.

4. The large channel multi-faceted high-precision sediment measuring device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The positioning device (14) is a bolt.

5. The large channel multi-faceted high-precision sediment measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal telescopic plate (9) and the horizontal supporting plate (8) are fixed by using U-shaped clips.

6. The large channel multi-faceted high-precision sediment measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The differential pressure sensors (4) are located on the upper surface of the measuring box (2), and a sensor protection box (3) is also provided at the upper end of the measuring box (2), wherein the sensor protection box (3) seals each differential pressure sensor (4).

7. The measuring method of the large channel multi-faceted high-precision sediment measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: First, determine the position of the detection point, fit the horizontal support plate (8) onto the two L-shaped fixed plates (10), and fix them with the fixing knob (13); secondly, fix the telescopic plate (9) and the horizontal support plate (8) with the positioner (14); then, place the installed device into the cross section of the large channel, adjust the leveling knob (12) so that the bubble in the level (11) is centered, and the device is now installed; Step 1: The mobile display terminal (7) is powered on to start measurement. The measured data is transmitted to the mobile display terminal (7) through the data acquisition and control terminal (5). The mobile display terminal stores historical data and displays real-time data. After the measurement work is completed, the device is disassembled by fixing the knob (13) and the stopper (14) to facilitate carrying and long-distance transportation. Step 3: The specific method for calculating high-precision sediment content at multiple levels of a large channel is as follows: Set the position close to the channel bottom as the first level, and repeat the process recursively; The sediment content per unit volume at different levels The specific calculation is as follows, where n represents different levels. ； in: is the pressure value measured by the differential pressure sensor on the water inlet circular pipe with filter corresponding to the nth level, is the pressure value measured by the pressure differential sensor on the filter-free water inlet circular pipe corresponding to the nth level is the water density, which is 1g / cm³; α is the density correction coefficient, which is related to the filter mesh aperture. The specific corresponding relationship is as follows: The filter mesh is 2000 mesh, the hole size is 0.0065 mm, and the α value is 1.45; The filter mesh is 5000 mesh, the hole size is 0.0026 mm, and the α value is 1.20; The filter mesh size is 10000 mesh, the hole size is 0.0013 mm, and the α value is 1.08.

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