Expanding shell anchor head and anchor rod

Abstract

The present invention discloses an expanding shell type anchor head and an anchor rod thereof. The expanding shell type anchor head is installed on a rod body with an external thread when in use, and includes an expanding shell inner wedge and a plurality of expanding shell clips. The expanding shell clips are abutted against the expanding shell inner wedge, and a matching wedge surface structure is provided between the two. The expanding shell clips have a first end and a second end opposite to each other in the axial direction. The expanding shell inner wedge includes a first part with a wedge surface structure and a second part with a shoulder matching with the second end. The interior of the expanding shell inner wedge is provided with an axially through center hole for the rod body to pass through, and the inner wall of the center hole has an internal thread matching with the external thread. In the present invention, the expanding shell type anchor head has an axially through center hole, and the rod body can pass through the anchor head, and thus a plurality of anchor heads can be installed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering anchoring and supporting, in particular to an expansion shell type anchoring head and an anchor rod. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of underground projects, mine tunnels, railway tunnels and slope protection, in order to prevent the surrounding rock from deformation, collapse and instability, it is necessary to reinforce the surrounding rock. The main measure is to bury anchor rods with expansion shell anchor heads in the surrounding rock, and use the tension of the anchor rods and the grouting body to reinforce the surrounding rock, so that the surrounding rock forms an integral structure, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling its deformation.

[0003] The existing expansion shell type anchor head is generally installed on the head of the rod body, and the installation quantity is only one, and multiple cannot be installed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a plurality of expansion shell type anchoring heads which can be installed on a rod body.

[0005] An expanding shell type anchor head is installed on a rod body with an external thread when in use. The expanding shell type anchor head includes an expanding shell inner wedge and a plurality of expanding shell clips. The expanding shell clips are abutted against the expanding shell inner wedge, and a matching wedge surface structure is provided between the two. The expanding shell clips have a first end and a second end opposite to each other in the axial direction. The expanding shell inner wedge includes a first part with a wedge surface structure and a second part with a shoulder matching with the second end. The interior of the expanding shell inner wedge is provided with an axially through center hole for the rod body to pass through, and the inner wall of the center hole has an internal thread matching with the external thread.

[0006] Several optional methods are also provided below, but they are not intended to be additional limitations on the above-mentioned overall solution, but are merely further supplements or preferences. Under the premise that there are no technical or logical contradictions, each optional method can be combined with the above-mentioned overall solution separately, and multiple optional methods can also be combined.

[0007] Optionally, there is a limiting structure between the shoulder and the shell expansion clip for limiting the shell expansion clip from separating from the shell expansion inner wedge in the initial state.

[0008] Optionally, the limiting structure includes a limiting groove provided on one of the shoulder support and the shell expansion clip and a limiting protrusion on the other.

[0009] Optionally, the outer side wall of the inner wedge of the expansion shell is provided with a notch that forms the wedge surface structure and the shoulder and matches the expansion shell clip, and the notch partially penetrates the side wall of the inner wedge of the expansion shell.

[0010] Optionally, a guide structure is provided between the wedge surface of the first part and the shell expansion clip.

[0011] Optionally, the guide structure includes a guide groove opened on the wedge surface, and a guide member arranged on the inner wall of the expansion shell clip and cooperating with the guide groove.

[0012] Optionally, the expansion shell type anchor head also includes a clamping hoop that clamps the expansion shell clip and rests on the expansion shell inner wedge, and the expansion shell inner wedge is provided with a slot that cooperates with the clamping hoop.

[0013] Optionally, a surface of the expansion shell clip facing away from the expansion shell inner wedge is provided with a back-stopping tooth and a back-stopping spring piece.

[0014] Optionally, the outer surface of the inner wedge of the expansion shell has a groove with a gradually decreasing width extending from the first part to the second part.

[0015] An expanding shell type anchor head is installed on a rod body with an external thread when in use. The expanding shell type anchor head includes an expanding shell inner wedge and a plurality of expanding shell clips. The expanding shell clips are abutted against the expanding shell inner wedge, and a matching wedge surface structure is provided between the two. The expanding shell clips have a first end and a second end opposite to each other along the axial direction. The expanding shell inner wedge includes a first part with a wedge surface structure and a second part with a shoulder that matches the second end. A limiting structure is provided between the shoulder and the expanding shell clip for limiting the expansion shell clip from detaching from the expanding shell inner wedge in the initial state.

[0016] An expanding shell type anchor head is installed on a rod body with an external thread when in use. The expanding shell type anchor head includes an expanding shell inner wedge and a plurality of expanding shell clips. The expanding shell clips are abutted against the expanding shell inner wedge, and a matching wedge surface structure is provided between the two. The expanding shell clips have a first end and a second end opposite to each other in the axial direction. The expanding shell inner wedge includes a first part with a wedge surface structure and a second part with a shoulder matching with the second end. The first end has a concave arc-shaped second wedge surface, and the first part has a convex arc-shaped first wedge surface.

[0017] The present invention also provides an anchor rod, comprising a rod body and the expansion shell type anchor head sleeved on the rod body.

[0018] Optionally, the number of the expansion shell type anchoring heads is not less than 2.

[0019] Optionally, a guide head is provided at the end of the rod body.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the expansion shell type anchor head of the present invention has an axially through-going center hole, and the rod body can pass through the anchor head, thereby multiple anchor heads can be installed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an expansion shell type anchor head according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An exploded view of the expansion shell anchor head is shown;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inner wedge of the mid-expansion shell;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the expansion shell anchor head shown;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an expansion shell type anchor head according to another embodiment;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 An exploded view of the expansion shell anchor head is shown;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inner wedge of the mid-expansion shell;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an anchor rod according to an embodiment;

[0029] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the anchor rod shown;

[0030] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor rod according to another embodiment.

[0031] The reference numerals in the figures are described as follows:

[0032] 100. Expanding shell anchor head;

[0033] 110, inner wedge of expansion shell; 111, first part; 1111, internal thread; 1112, first wedge surface; 1113, end surface; 1114, guide groove; 1115, center hole; 112, second part; 113, shoulder; 1131, limit groove; 114, notch; 115, slot; 116, groove;

[0034] 120, shell expansion clip; 121, limiting protrusion; 122, anti-retraction tooth; 123, anti-retraction spring; 124, guide member; 125, first end; 126, second end; 1250, second wedge surface;

[0035] 130. Hoop;

[0036] 200, rod body; 210, external thread;

[0037] 300, guide head; 400, backing plate; 500, nut; 600, spherical washer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a central component. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it may be directly disposed on the other component or there may be a central component at the same time.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0041] The expansion shell anchor head is an important component of the anchor rod and is used in geotechnical engineering. It applies pressure to the expansion shell clip by moving the rod body. The movement direction of the rod body is generally perpendicular to the expansion direction of the expansion shell clip, prompting the expansion shell clip to form an anchoring force in the rock and soil.

[0042] See also Figures 1-2 , Figures 5-6 An embodiment provides an expanding shell type anchor head 100, including an expanding shell inner wedge 110 and a plurality of expanding shell clips 120. The expanding shell clips 120 are attached to the expanding shell inner wedge 110, and a matching wedge surface structure is provided between the two, so that the expanding shell clips 120 can slide relative to the expanding shell inner wedge 110 and expand.

[0043] The outer wall of the expansion shell inner wedge 110 has a notch 114 that matches the expansion shell clip 120, so that the anchor head is roughly tubular after assembly. The expansion shell inner wedge 110 is divided into two parts in the axial direction, namely a first part 111 and a second part 112. The first part 111 is provided with a first wedge surface 1112, and the second part 112 is provided with a shoulder 113.

[0044] The shell expansion clip 120 has a first end 125 and a second end 126 in the axial direction, wherein the first end 125 has a second wedge surface 1250 that cooperates with the first wedge surface 1112, and the second end 126 cooperates with the shoulder 113, so that multiple shell expansion clips 120 are at the same height position.

[0045] like Figure 2As shown, the shell expansion clip 120 is an arc-shaped structure, the second wedge surface 1250 is a concave arc, and the first wedge surface 1112 is a matching convex arc, so that the action area between the shell expansion clip 120 and the shell expansion inner wedge 110 is larger and the action force is more dispersed.

[0046] The inner wedge 110 of the expansion shell has an axially penetrating center hole 1115, and the diameter of the center hole 1115 should be adapted to the rod diameter of the anchor rod so that the rod body can pass through the anchor head, and then multiple anchor heads can be installed on the rod body.

[0047] The center hole 1115 is located in a part of the first portion 111 and has an internal thread 1111, that is, the shoulder 113 and the internal thread 1111 are not arranged at the same position of the inner wedge 110 of the expansion shell, so that a force can be better applied to the inner wedge as a whole when the anchor rod is tensioned.

[0048] The shell expansion clip 120 has at least two pieces, for example, Figures 1-2 There are two expansion shell clips 120, which are distributed on two opposite sides of the expansion shell inner wedge 110; see Figures 5-6 There are three shell expansion clips 120 , which are evenly spaced along the circumference of the shell expansion inner wedge 110 .

[0049] In one embodiment, a limiting structure is provided between the shoulder 113 and the shell expansion clip 120 to limit the shell expansion clip 120 from being separated from the shell expansion inner wedge 110. Figures 3-4 The limiting structure includes a limiting groove 1131 provided on the shoulder 113 and a limiting protrusion 121 provided on the expansion shell clip 120. The position of the limiting groove 1131 and the limiting protrusion 121 can be interchanged without affecting the matching effect. In this embodiment, the limiting groove 1131 and the limiting protrusion 121 extend along the circumference of the expansion shell anchor head.

[0050] On the one hand, the limiting structure facilitates the positioning and installation of the shell expansion clip 120 on the shoulder 113, and on the other hand, ensures that the shoulder 113 effectively limits the movement of the shell expansion clip 120 relative to the shell expansion inner wedge 110, thereby preventing the shell expansion clip 120 from radially falling off due to shaking or vibration, or being dislocated due to resistance in different directions of drilling, making it impossible to achieve synchronous advancement, resulting in poor anchoring effect and other problems.

[0051] Furthermore, a guide structure is provided between the first wedge surface 1112 of the first part 111 and the shell expansion clip 120 for sliding guidance therebetween. Figures 6-7The guide structure includes a guide groove 1114 provided on the first wedge surface 1112 and a guide member 124 fixed to the inner wall of the expansion shell clip 120; the guide member 124 may be a protruding structure, and the guide groove 1114 and the guide member 124 are adapted to each other in structure, and the two can slide together. The protruding side of the guide member 124 is a sliding surface that interacts with the side wall of the guide groove 1114, and the sliding surface may be conical to reduce sliding resistance.

[0052] In one embodiment, in order to further fix the expansion shell clip 120, it is fixed to both sides of the expansion shell inner wedge 110 by a tightening device, see Figure 1 , Figure 3 Specifically, the clamping device is a clamping hoop 130 with a certain elasticity, which can clamp the expansion shell clip 120 against the expansion shell inner wedge 110; the clamping hoop 130 can be a tying rope, a metal wire or a rubber ring, etc., which effectively prevents the expansion shell clip 120 from falling off or dislocating when traveling in the drill hole.

[0053] Correspondingly, the expansion shell inner wedge 110 has a slot 115 that matches the clamp 130, and the clamp 130 can be positioned in the slot 115, and the expansion shell inner wedge 110 and the expansion shell clip 120 can be bundled into a whole, so as to prevent the clamp 130 from sliding out or popping out of the expansion shell anchor head 100 along the axial direction due to friction. Furthermore, the expansion shell clip 120 is also provided with a slot 115 for installing the clamp 130 at a position corresponding to the slot 115.

[0054] In the assembled state, the first end 125 of the expansion shell clip 120 is in contact with the first wedge surface 1112 of the first part 111, and the second end 126 is restricted by the shoulder 113. In order to limit the first end 125 of the expansion shell clip 120, a slot 115 is provided at the first end 125 to facilitate the installation of the clamp 130 to tighten the first end 125 of the expansion shell clip 120.

[0055] In one embodiment, the surface of the expansion shell clip 120 facing away from the expansion shell inner wedge 110 is provided with a stop tooth 122, see Figure 2 , Figure 6 The shape and distribution of the stop teeth 122 can be varied, and the surface can be smooth or rough. The appropriate stop teeth 122 can be selected according to the rock structure and texture of the anchoring object. For example, for a rock layer with a higher hardness, the stop teeth 122 adopt an inverted sawtooth structure, which can increase the friction between the shell expansion clip 120 and the rock hole wall through its local extrusion force, thereby improving the anchoring ability of the shell expansion type anchor head 100.

[0056] In order to facilitate the initial positioning of the expansion shell anchor head 100 in the drill hole, in one embodiment, a stop spring 123 is fixed on the surface of the expansion shell clip 120 facing away from the expansion shell inner wedge 110, one end of which is fixed to the expansion shell clip 120 and the other end is tilted away from the expansion shell clip 120, see Figure 2, Figure 6 During the movement of the shell-expanding anchor head 100 in the borehole, the anti-retraction spring piece 123 is constantly deformed by the squeezing force of the hole wall, so it will not be inserted into the rock formation. However, when the shell-expanding anchor head 100 reaches the bottom of the borehole, the anti-retraction spring piece 123 rebounds and is inserted into the rock formation, completing the positioning of the shell-expanding clip 120 and preventing the anchor head from rotating with the rod body 200. During assembly, the anti-retraction spring piece 123 can be fixed to the shell-expanding clip 120 by screws, anchors, welding, etc.

[0057] When performing anchoring operations, first insert the assembled expansion shell anchor head 100 through the rod body 200 into the drill hole. In order to improve the insertion efficiency, in one embodiment, the end surface 1113 of the first part 111 is a conical surface structure, see Figure 3 , 7 This is beneficial to reducing the friction and fluid resistance encountered by the expansion shell type anchor head 100 during insertion.

[0058] See also Figure 3 In one embodiment, the outer surface of the inner wedge 110 of the expansion shell has a groove 116 with a gradually decreasing width extending from the first part 111 to the second part 112, which is used as a guide groove for grouting.

[0059] The present invention provides an anchor rod, comprising a plurality of expansion shell anchor heads 100 and a rod body 200. Figures 8 to 10 Typically, the surface of the rod body 200 is provided with an external thread 210, and the expansion shell anchor head 100 is provided with an internal thread 1111, and the two are connected as one by threads to complete the assembly.

[0060] In one embodiment, if Fig.10 As shown, a guide head 300 is installed at the head of the rod body 200, two expansion shell type anchoring heads 100 are arranged in the middle, and a pad 400, a nut 500 and a spherical washer 600 are arranged at the tail.

[0061] The rod body 200 can be a hollow structure or a solid structure. For different rod bodies 200, the overall assembly and grouting methods will be different. The related content has been disclosed in the prior art and will not be repeated here. The following mainly describes the anchoring process of the expansion shell anchor head 100 provided by the present invention, which is as follows:

[0062] After being assembled in place, external force is applied to push the expanding shell type anchor head 100 and the rod body 200 to the bottom of the borehole, and the initial positioning is achieved by the stop spring piece 123 on the expanding shell clip 120. During this process, due to the action of the shoulder 113 and the limiting structure, the expanding shell clip 120 will not expand and fall off, and it is not easy to be misplaced; after positioning, the rod body 200 is rotated to cause the expanding shell clip 120 to slide relative to the expanding shell inner wedge 110 and expand radially; when it expands to a certain extent, the clamp 130 is completely stretched and broken, and at the same time, the outer surface of the expanding shell clip 120 is tightly attached to the wall of the borehole until they are squeezed against each other to form expansion force and friction force; when the external force can no longer rotate the rod body 200, it indicates that the expanding shell type anchor head 100 is installed in place, and then the nut 500 is rotated to lock the anchor rod.

[0063] In other instances, when tension is applied to the rod body 200 through a tensioning jack, the tension pulls the inner wedge 110 of the expansion shell backward, and accordingly, the expansion shell clip 120 slides forward along the first wedge surface 1112 through the first wedge surface 1112 and continues to expand, and generates a greater friction force with the hole wall. The greater the tension, the greater the expansion force and friction force of the expansion shell anchor head 100, and a certain prestress is applied to the rod body 200, and then the nut 500 is rotated to lock it to complete the installation.

[0064] In some embodiments, a guide head 300 is disposed at one end of the rod body 200. The guide head 300 is usually a conical head made of metal or plastic with good mechanical strength, so as to facilitate the insertion of the anchor rod into the drill hole, play the role of guiding, blocking slag, and discharging slurry, and is not subject to force. The rod body 200 can be sleeved with multiple expansion shell anchor heads 100, which is conducive to improving the positioning ability and anchoring effect of the anchor rod. Fig.10 Two expansion shell type anchoring heads 100 are sleeved on the rod body 200.

[0065] Each anchor head can be in any position, that is, when the surrounding rock at the bottom of the hole is not ideal, its anchor position can be adjusted flexibly and autonomously, or multi-point anchoring can be achieved through multiple expansion shell anchor heads to ensure its anchoring effect.

[0066] The expandable shell anchor head 100 provided by the present invention has a simple structure and can effectively prevent the expandable shell clip 120 from breaking through the restriction and falling off when the expandable shell anchor head 100 is advanced in the borehole along with the rod body 200, while avoiding the misalignment problem of the two expandable shell clips 120 caused by uneven force, and can form a stable anchoring force in the borehole, thereby improving the support performance of the entire anchor rod.

[0067] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification. When the technical features in different embodiments are embodied in the same figure, it can be regarded that the figure also discloses the combination examples of the various embodiments involved.

[0068] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An expansion shell type anchor head, which is installed on a rod body with external threads when in use, and the expansion shell type anchor head includes an expansion shell inner wedge and a plurality of expansion shell clips, the expansion shell clips are close to the expansion shell inner wedge, and there is a matching wedge surface structure between the two, the expansion shell clips have a first end and a second end opposite to each other along the axial direction, the expansion shell inner wedge includes a first part with a wedge surface structure and a second part with a shoulder matching with the second end, characterized in that: The inner wedge of the expansion shell is provided with an axially penetrating central hole for the rod body to pass through, and the inner wall of the central hole has an internal thread matching the external thread; The outer side wall of the inner wedge of the expansion shell is provided with a notch which forms the wedge surface structure and the shoulder and matches the expansion shell clip; The second end of the expansion shell clip is against the shoulder; A guiding structure is provided between the wedge surface of the first part and the shell expansion clip.

2. The expansion shell type anchor head according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting structure is provided between the shoulder and the shell expansion clip for limiting the shell expansion clip from being separated from the inner wedge of the shell expansion in the initial state.

3. The expansion shell type anchor head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting structure includes a limiting groove arranged on one of the shoulder and the shell expansion clip and a limiting protrusion on the other.

4. The expansion shell type anchor head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The notch partially penetrates the side wall of the inner wedge of the expansion shell.

5. The expansion shell type anchor head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal thread is located in the first portion.

6. The expansion shell type anchor head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide structure includes a guide groove opened on the wedge surface, and a guide member arranged on the inner wall of the expansion shell clip and matched with the guide groove.

7. The expansion shell type anchor head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion shell type anchor head comprises a clamping hoop which clamps the expansion shell clip and abuts against the expansion shell inner wedge, and the expansion shell inner wedge is provided with a slot which cooperates with the clamping hoop.

8. The expansion shell type anchor head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the inner wedge of the expansion shell has a groove with a gradually decreasing width extending from the first part to the second part.

9. Anchor rod, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rod body, a nut and a gasket which are sleeved on the rod body, and an expansion shell type anchoring head as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The anchor rod according to claim 9, characterized in that: The number of the expansion shell type anchor heads is not less than 2.

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